Kendallville

Population 10,371 (2025)

79 tornadoes have tracked within 25 miles of Kendallville since 1950, 8 of them rated EF3 or F3 or stronger; the most recent was on April 2, 2025.

Hazard fingerprint for Kendallville Tornado: 48th percentile. Tropical: 0th percentile. Wildfire: 0th percentile. Flood: 8th percentile. Hail & wind: 69th percentile. Heat: 0th percentile. Cold: 28th percentile. Winter: 69th percentile. TORTROPFIREFLOODSEVEREHEATCOLDWINTER

Hazard fingerprint Each spoke is this county’s percentile among U.S. counties where that hazard occurs. How it is computed

2026
  • Tornado damage paths within 25 miles since 195079
  • Major flood years since 1978, Noble County3

At a glance

Tornado paths within 25 miles, tropical cyclone tracks within 100 miles and wildfire perimeters within 25 miles of the city centre. Storm events, flood insurance claims and disaster declarations are for Noble County. Earthquakes within 50 miles, volcanoes within 100 miles and smoke days are measured from the city centre; river and tide gauges, tsunami and landslide records and the drought index are for Noble County.

Tornadoes since 1950, within 25 mi

79

8 rated F3/EF3 or stronger

Details

Flood insurance claims

226

Noble County

$2.8 million paid since 1978

Details

Strongest tornado

F4

April 3, 1974, 108.7 mile path

Largest earthquake within 50 mi

4.6magnitude

August 9, 1947, 36.0 miles away

Details

Federal disaster declarations

16

Most recent: Severe Winter Storm, 2026

Details

Record high

104°F

Reached 2 times, most recently July 7, 2012

Details

Record low

−21°F

January 16, 2009

Details

Costliest event since 1996

$4.0M

Thunderstorm Wind, May 18, 1997

Details

Tornadoes

About one tornado a year since 1950, 8 of them rated F3/EF3 or stronger.

Strongest

April 3, 1974

F4, 108.7 mile path

1,760 yards wide; 18 killed along the whole path.

Deadliest

April 11, 1965

36 killed, F4

321 injured along the whole path.

Most recent

Wednesday, April 2, 2025

EF1, 3.7 mile path

Within the past year.

Tornadoes by decade, within 25 miles Doppler radar era² 1950s: 6 6 1960s: 16 16 1970s: 13 13 1980s: 2 2 1990s: 8 8 2000s: 14 14 2010s: 10 10 2020s: 10 10 1950s1960s1970s1980s1990s2000s2010s2020s
Recorded tornadoes per decade. The 2020s are incomplete.
Tornadoes by month J: 0 F: 0 M: 8 A: 17 17 M: 11 J: 15 J: 10 A: 6 S: 5 O: 7 N: 0 D: 0 JFMAMJJASOND
By month of occurrence, all years.

Every recorded tornado

Tornadoes within 25 miles since 1950
Apr 2, 2025EF13.712500
Apr 2, 2025EF110.860000
Mar 30, 2025EF15.710000
Mar 30, 2025EF11.420000
Sep 24, 2024EF11.912520
Sep 24, 2024EF17.523000
May 7, 2024EFU0.1100
Jul 29, 2023EF02.715000
Jun 21, 2021EF110.010000
Aug 10, 2020EF13.110000
Jun 9, 2018EF10.937500
Jun 9, 2018EF00.720000
Aug 20, 2016EF02.47000
Aug 20, 2016EF00.15000
Mar 31, 2016EF10.53000
Jun 30, 2014EF10.95000
Oct 26, 2010EF17.015000
Oct 26, 2010EF12.215000
Jun 23, 2010EF01.95000
Jun 23, 2010EF13.510000
Mar 8, 2009EF10.210000
Jul 8, 2008EF00.230000
Jul 26, 2007EF00.05000
Jul 26, 2007EF00.05000
Jul 26, 2007EF00.05000
Oct 24, 2001F212.544000
Oct 24, 2001F139.0150140
May 26, 2001F00.11000
May 26, 2001F00.11000
May 18, 2001F00.11000
Jul 9, 2000F00.15000
Jul 9, 2000F10.13000
Jun 14, 2000F11.025000
Jun 14, 2000F23.040000
May 31, 1998F00.13000
May 31, 1998F00.13000
Mar 28, 1998F10.35000
Sep 9, 1992F00.11000
Jul 14, 1992F28.0150280
Jun 17, 1992F10.13000
Mar 27, 1991F321.0200241
Jun 2, 1990F23.522090
Oct 1, 1986F016.01000
Apr 8, 1980F10.56000
Aug 8, 1979F10.11010
Oct 5, 1978F11.04000
Mar 12, 1976F29.310090
Mar 12, 1976F213.412780
Apr 3, 1974F18.835050
Apr 3, 1974F336.21,000535
Apr 3, 1974F4108.71,76028518
Jun 26, 1973F11.03000
Jun 4, 1973F00.12000
Jun 3, 1973F11.02010
May 10, 1973F10.12000
May 10, 1973F11.03000
May 14, 1972F10.45000
Sep 6, 1969F20.11000
Sep 6, 1969F10.11000
Apr 21, 1969F00.11000
Apr 17, 1969F00.11000
Apr 14, 1968F10.11000
Oct 24, 1967F20.11050
Jun 21, 1967F12.03000
Aug 25, 1965F10.11000
Aug 8, 1965F12.06000
Jul 16, 1965F22.71000
Apr 11, 1965F437.033332136
Apr 11, 1965F490.31,76029423
Apr 11, 1965F421.6177415
Apr 29, 1963F10.11010
Jul 23, 1961F30.11030
May 6, 1961F333.480050
May 11, 1957F10.11000
Apr 3, 1956F20.11000
Apr 3, 1956F10.17700
Jun 21, 1954F10.11000
Apr 7, 1954F00.540000
Apr 7, 1954F10.11000
  1. Injuries and deaths are for the tornado’s whole path, which may extend beyond this area.
  2. Weak tornadoes were under-recorded before Doppler radar coverage became national in the early 1990s, so earlier decades read low. Ratings use the Fujita scale before February 2007 and the Enhanced Fujita scale after.

Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, 1950 to 2025.

Hurricanes and tropical storms

No tropical storm or hurricane has tracked within 100 miles since records began in 1851.

Wildfire and smoke

No large wildfire has been mapped within 25 miles since satellite mapping began in 1984.

Smoke overhead

Smokiest year

2023: 66 days

Heavy smoke on 13 days in 2023, the most of any year.

Last 10 years

21.4 days a year

Medium or heavy smoke, 2016 to 2025.

2025

18 days

Medium or heavy smoke. 40 so far in 2026.

Days with medium or heavy smoke overhead, by year 2011: 5 2012: 9 2013: 7 2014: 14 2015: 13 2016: 4 2017: 6 2018: 12 2019: 9 2020: 15 2021: 45 2022: 14 2023: 66 66 2024: 25 2025: 18 201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022202320242025
Days each year on which a satellite-traced plume of medium or heavy smoke covered the city centre, 2011 to 2025.
  1. A smoke day is a date on which a smoke plume traced by NOAA Hazard Mapping System analysts from satellite imagery covered this place's point (the county's population centre or the city centre). Counts here are of medium or heavy smoke. Since 2018 analysts have often drawn light smoke as one area over most of the continent, so light-smoke counts are not comparable from year to year. The plumes show smoke anywhere in the air above, not air quality at the ground, and smoke hidden by cloud is missed.

NOAA Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, 2011 to 2026, retrieved October 30, 2026.

Floods and flood insurance

226 federal flood insurance claims since 1978, with $2.8 million paid.

Flood insurance figures are for Noble County, the county that contains Kendallville.

Federal flood insurance claims by year 1982: 16 1985: 9 1990: 15 1993: 15 1996: 6 1998: 6 2008: 29 2009: 28 2015: 19 2017: 37 37 19821998
Claims per year since 1978. Years with fewer than five claims are not shown.

Most claims in one year

2017: 37 claims

$1.1 million paid.

2nd most

2008: 29 claims

$559,000 paid.

3rd most

2009: 28 claims

$367,000 paid.

Claims by ZIP code

Flood insurance claims by ZIP code
46794110$1.4 million
4678475$1.0 million
4670117$187,000
467556$31,000

Flood events since 1996

  • Flood2
  • Flash Flood1

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026. NOAA Storm Events through 2026.

River crests

River gauges in Noble County, the county that contains Kendallville.

Most severe crest

March 23, 1982

North Branch Elkhart River at Cosperville, 8.12 ft

2.12 feet above the 6.0 ft flood stage; major flooding by today’s categories.

Most recent moderate or major crest

February 26, 2018

North Branch Elkhart River at Cosperville, 7.51 ft

Moderate flooding.

Highest river crests above flood stage
Mar 23, 1982North Branch Elkhart River at Cosperville8.12+2.12Major
Jan 11, 1998North Branch Elkhart River at Cosperville7.61+1.61Moderate
Jan 7, 1993North Branch Elkhart River at Cosperville7.60+1.60Moderate
Mar 14, 2009North Branch Elkhart River at Cosperville7.52+1.52Moderate
Feb 26, 2018North Branch Elkhart River at Cosperville7.51+1.51Moderate
Feb 27, 1985North Branch Elkhart River at Cosperville7.51+1.51Moderate
Jul 21, 2015North Branch Elkhart River at Cosperville7.50+1.50Moderate
Jun 16, 1981North Branch Elkhart River at Cosperville7.42+1.42Moderate
Apr 7, 1978North Branch Elkhart River at Cosperville7.41+1.41Moderate
Jan 12, 2008North Branch Elkhart River at Cosperville7.28+1.28Moderate
Mar 6, 1976North Branch Elkhart River at Cosperville7.25+1.25Moderate
Apr 26, 1999North Branch Elkhart River at Cosperville7.21+1.21Moderate
May 30, 2017North Branch Elkhart River at Cosperville7.13+1.13Moderate
Apr 25, 2013North Branch Elkhart River at Cosperville7.07+1.07Moderate
Jan 3, 1991North Branch Elkhart River at Cosperville7.01+1.01Moderate
Mar 1, 1997North Branch Elkhart River at Cosperville6.86+0.86Minor
Mar 10, 1974North Branch Elkhart River at Cosperville6.84+0.84Minor
Jan 23, 2020North Branch Elkhart River at Cosperville6.77+0.77Minor
May 30, 2011North Branch Elkhart River at Cosperville6.71+0.71Minor
Mar 11, 1979North Branch Elkhart River at Cosperville6.68+0.68Minor
Dec 16, 2011North Branch Elkhart River at Cosperville6.64+0.64Minor
Jun 21, 1996North Branch Elkhart River at Cosperville6.61+0.61Minor
Jan 16, 2005North Branch Elkhart River at Cosperville6.53+0.53Minor
Apr 8, 2014North Branch Elkhart River at Cosperville6.42+0.42Minor
May 4, 2019North Branch Elkhart River at Cosperville6.39+0.39Minor

River gauges

River gauges and their highest listed crests
North Branch Elkhart River at Cosperville6.08.12 ftMar 23, 19821
  1. Crests are the highest and the recent crests the National Weather Service lists for each river gauge in the county that has a flood stage, not every flood. Flood categories use each gauge's current flood stages; crests from before levees, dams or channel changes may not be comparable. Crests measured on an old datum are left out of the rankings.

NOAA National Water Prediction Service gauge records, retrieved October 30, 2026.

Drought

In severe drought or worse for 141 of 1,581 months since 1895 (9%); the longest spell lasted 17 months.

The drought index is for Noble County, the county that contains Kendallville.

141

Months in severe drought or worse since 1895

60

Months in extreme drought

9%

Share of all months, severe or worse

Lowest reading

March 1931

−6.86, extreme drought

Longest severe spell

17 months

August 1930 to December 1931.

Latest month

September 2026

+1.28, slightly wet

Last severe month: February 2026.

Months in severe drought or worse, by year 1895: 5 1896: 0 1897: 0 1898: 0 1899: 0 1900: 0 1901: 0 1902: 0 1903: 0 1904: 0 1905: 0 1906: 0 1907: 0 1908: 3 1909: 1 1910: 0 1911: 0 1912: 0 1913: 0 1914: 0 1915: 0 1916: 0 1917: 0 1918: 0 1919: 0 1920: 1 1921: 0 1922: 2 1923: 3 1924: 0 1925: 2 1926: 0 1927: 0 1928: 0 1929: 0 1930: 5 1931: 12 12 1932: 3 1933: 0 1934: 8 1935: 7 1936: 3 1937: 0 1938: 0 1939: 0 1940: 0 1941: 8 1942: 1 1943: 0 1944: 2 1945: 4 1946: 0 1947: 0 1948: 0 1949: 0 1950: 0 1951: 0 1952: 0 1953: 3 1954: 1 1955: 0 1956: 2 1957: 3 1958: 0 1959: 0 1960: 0 1961: 0 1962: 0 1963: 9 1964: 12 1965: 0 1966: 0 1967: 0 1968: 0 1969: 0 1970: 0 1971: 2 1972: 2 1973: 0 1974: 0 1975: 0 1976: 0 1977: 0 1978: 0 1979: 0 1980: 0 1981: 0 1982: 0 1983: 0 1984: 0 1985: 0 1986: 0 1987: 0 1988: 0 1989: 0 1990: 0 1991: 0 1992: 0 1993: 0 1994: 0 1995: 0 1996: 0 1997: 0 1998: 0 1999: 2 2000: 4 2001: 0 2002: 2 2003: 4 2004: 0 2005: 2 2006: 0 2007: 0 2008: 0 2009: 0 2010: 1 2011: 1 2012: 8 2013: 3 2014: 0 2015: 0 2016: 0 2017: 0 2018: 0 2019: 0 2020: 0 2021: 3 2022: 0 2023: 0 2024: 1 2025: 4 18951905191519251935194519551965197519851995200520152025
Months each year with a Palmer index of −3 or lower, 1895 to 2025. Twelve means the whole year.
  1. The Palmer Drought Severity Index is computed by NOAA each month from the county's average temperature and precipitation, relative to the county's own climate. Zero is normal; -3 or lower is severe drought and -4 or lower extreme drought. It describes the long-term balance of moisture, not water supply or crop losses.

NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, 1895 to September 2026, issued October 6, 2026.

Earthquakes

1 earthquake of magnitude 4 or more within 50 miles since 1900; the largest was magnitude 4.6 in 1947.

2

Magnitude 3+ within 50 miles since 1973

1

Magnitude 4+ within 50 miles since 1900

0

Magnitude 5+ within 50 miles since 1900

Largest within 50 miles

August 9, 1947

Magnitude 4.6

Near Coldwater, Michigan; 36.0 miles away, 1.2 miles deep.

Most recent, magnitude 3 or more

June 30, 2015

Magnitude 3.3

5 km NNE of Burlington, Michigan; 49.8 miles away.

Every earthquake of magnitude 4 or more within 50 miles

Earthquakes of magnitude 4 or more within 50 miles
Aug 9, 19474.636.01.2Near Coldwater, Michigan
  1. Earthquakes of magnitude 2.5 or more in the USGS Comprehensive Catalog since 1900. Within 50 miles means the epicentre lies within 50 miles of the city centre.
  2. Small earthquakes were under-recorded before the modern seismic networks of the 1970s and are still missed in remote areas, so early decades read low. Magnitudes are as the catalogue reports them and mix scales (moment, local and body-wave).

USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog, 1900 to present, retrieved October 30, 2026.

Severe weather and other events

423 events in the National Weather Service record for Noble County, 353 of them since 1996.

38

Hail reports, 1 inch or larger

4

Hail, 2 inches or larger

134

Damaging gusts, 58 mph+

100

Winter weather events since 1996

0

Heat events since 1996

5

Cold events since 1996

Largest hail

May 7, 2024

3.00 inches

Strongest measured or estimated gust

May 14, 2018

81 mph

More event types since 1996

Other Storm Events types since 1996
Lightning300Jul 20, 2013
Dense fog and smoke100Jan 12, 2005

Costliest events since 1996

  1. May 18, 1997Thunderstorm Wind$4.0 million
    National Weather Service narrative

    Thunderstorm winds near kendallville downed large trees and power lines.Thunderstorms moving across north side of county damaged farmbuildings, a church, homes and utility towers.

  2. Oct 24, 2001Tornado$1.1 million
    National Weather Service narrative

    On Wednesday 10/24/01 a surface low pressure system tracked rapidly northeast from the mid Mississippi Valley to northern Lake Michigan and deepened significantly. The accompanying cold front surged east from the Mississippi Valley during the afternoon to southeast Michigan and western Ohio in the evening. The deepening surface low was the result of a negatively tilted upper level trough approaching the Mississippi Valley. The air mass ahead of the cold front was quite unstable with lifted indices around -5C and surface dewpoints of 65-70F. Strong veering wind fields were over the area with 20-30kt S-SSE flow at the surface veering rapidly in the low levels to southwest at 45kts,…

  3. Sep 24, 2024Tornado$500,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Eyewitness reports and an NWS Storm Survey confirmed a tornado started just east of Engle Lake, knocking down trees in a residential area. As it continued north, some of the strongest damage was sustained to a house, which had some of its roofing ripped off and a wall pushed in. Other houses and farm buildings sustained roof damage and more trees were knocked down or snapped as it continued on crossing highway 6. One large chicken building had its entire outer shell removed. It came to an end just before the Noble/Lagrange county line. Maximum sustained winds were estimated at around 105 mph.

  4. Oct 24, 2001Thunderstorm Wind$400,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Noble county Fire/rescue reported trees and power lines down across much of the county. Emergency management reported damage to homes from fallen trees and roof damage.

  5. Oct 24, 2001Tornado$400,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Tornado touched down in extreme southeast Marshall county and moved northeast across Kosciusko county and into Noble county where the tornado dissipated near Rome City. Most significant F1 damage was north of Warsaw Indiana where 14 people were hurt at a factory when a wall collapsed. Most of the damage was F0-F1 along the 33 mile path. Average path width was 150 yards.

  6. Mar 10, 2009Flood$300,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Two to three inches of rain fell over a 24 hour period, resulting in several creeks and rivers exceeding their banks. Flood waters affected portions of Kendallville, as well as much of the eastern two thirds of the county. A section of County Road 200 North near the Noble-DeKalb county line was washed away from the flood water. In addition, Deibele Creek which flows through portions of Kendallville undermined a portion of South State Street, resulting in a 10 foot deep hole forming. Several lakes had higher than normal water levels, with Bixler and Smalley Lakes going outside their banks and causing some flooding to residences and adjacent roads.

  7. May 7, 2024Hail$200,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Damage to cars, windows, and siding in Kendallville due to 3 inch hail stones.

  8. Mar 30, 2025Tornado$100,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    A tornado embedded in a line of severe thunderstorms touched down near the corner of 400 S and 600 E in LaOtto, snapping several large trees. The tornado hit a large barn, pealing the roof off and causing a partial collapse of the trusses. The debris was scattered up to 1/4mi away in a 45deg arch to the east and north. A very old barn just to its north also collapsed. To the northeast, further tree damage occurred. The tornado reached maximum strength of EF-1 when it destroyed the northern half of a pole barn, leading to collapsed walls and damage to vehicles. The tornado continued through an open field before causing additional tree damage along 700 E, before dissipating.

  9. Jul 11, 2011Thunderstorm Wind$75,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    A local newspaper reported that three 80 to 100 foot tall pine trees were snapped, falling onto a house, garage and shed at a residence east of Kendallville. No one was injured with damage estimated at $75,000.

  10. May 15, 2007Thunderstorm Wind$50,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Numerous trees, tree limbs, power lines and poles were blown down in and around Albion. One tree branch fell onto a moving van in the HIdden Diamonds Park in Albion. The driver was not injured.

  1. Storm Events records before 1996 cover only tornadoes, thunderstorm wind and hail. Damage figures are as reported by the National Weather Service at the time, not adjusted for inflation.

NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, 1950 to 2026, issued October 26, 2026.

Weather records

From Goshen Municipal Airport, 28 miles from the city centre, with records from 1953.

All-time high
104°F2 times, most recently Jul 7, 2012
All-time low
−21°FJan 16, 2009
Warmest night
78°FJul 19, 2019
Coldest day
−5°FJan 30, 2019
Wettest day
5.84 inJul 8, 1951
Snowiest day
9.4 inApr 7, 1957
Hottest year
2012mean 53.4°F
Coldest year
1997mean 47.3°F
Wettest year
195450.94 in
Driest year
201024.16 in
Average monthly high and low temperature and precipitation, last 30 years, Goshen Municipal Airport 32°F 32° 18° 1.5 Jan 36° 20° 1.7 Feb 48° 29° 2.2 Mar 61° 38° 3.2 Apr 71° 49° 3.8 May 80° 59° 3.1 Jun 83° 62° 3.3 Jul 81° 60° 3.5 Aug 76° 53° 2.5 Sep 63° 42° 2.8 Oct 49° 32° 2.0 Nov 37° 24° 1.8 Dec Precipitation, inches
Average daily high and low by month, and average monthly precipitation, over the last 30 years.
Nights at or below freezing per year 1997: 145 145 1998: 110 1999: 133 2000: 133 2001: 125 2002: 145 2003: 133 2004: 124 2005: 129 2006: 113 2007: 136 2008: 144 2009: 135 2010: 134 2011: 121 2012: 116 2013: 142 2014: 131 2015: 123 2016: 112 2017: 107 2018: 140 2019: 129 2020: 125 2021: 135 2022: 124 2023: 92 2025: 131 199720072017
Nights at or below freezing each complete year, last 50 years. Thirty-year average: 127.4.

Station Goshen Municipal Airport (USW00014829), 824 ft elevation, 28.0 miles from the city centre. Daily records from 1953 to October 27, 2026; 98.3% of days in the last 30 years are complete. Records at a single station can differ from a city’s official threaded record, which may combine several stations.

NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily.

Federal disaster declarations

16 since 1953. The most recent: Severe Winter Storm, January 24, 2026.

Declarations for Noble County.

Federal disaster declarations
Jan 24, 2026Winter StormSevere Winter StormEmergencyEM-3641-IN
Apr 3, 2020BiologicalCovid-19 PandemicMajor disasterDR-4515-IN
Mar 13, 2020BiologicalCovid-19EmergencyEM-3456-IN
Apr 22, 2014Severe StormSevere Winter Storm and SnowstormMajor disasterDR-4173-IN
Apr 22, 2009Severe StormSevere Storms, Tornadoes, and FloodingMajor disasterDR-1832-IN
Jan 30, 2008Severe StormSevere Storms and FloodingMajor disasterDR-1740-IN
Mar 12, 2007SnowstormSnowEmergencyEM-3274-IN
Sep 10, 2005HurricaneHurricane Katrina EvacuationEmergencyEM-3238-IN
Jan 21, 2005Severe StormSevere Winter Storms and FloodingMajor disasterDR-1573-IN
Jun 3, 2004Severe StormSevere Storms, Tornadoes, and FloodingMajor disasterDR-1520-IN
Jul 11, 2003Severe StormSevere Storms, Tornadoes, and FloodingMajor disasterDR-1476-IN
Jan 24, 2001SnowstormSnowEmergencyEM-3162-IN
Jan 15, 1999SnowstormIn-Winter Storm 12/23/98EmergencyEM-3135-IN
Sep 18, 1992Severe StormSevere Storms, Tornadoes & FloodingMajor disasterDR-962-IN
Jan 5, 1991FloodSevere Storms & FloodingMajor disasterDR-891-IN
Apr 4, 1974TornadoTornadoesMajor disasterDR-423-IN

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries, retrieved October 30, 2026. Statewide declarations are not listed.

Sources and vintage

Every number on this page comes from these public records.

  • Tornadoes NOAA Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, through 2025.
  • Tropical cyclones NOAA National Hurricane Center HURDAT2 (Atlantic; Northeast and Central Pacific), through 2025.
  • Wildfire USGS/USFS Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity, through 2026.
  • Storm events NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, through 2026.
  • Flood insurance OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026.
  • Declarations OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries v2, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Weather records NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily, station USW00014829.
  • River crests NOAA National Weather Service, National Water Prediction Service river gauges, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Drought NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, through September 2026.
  • Smoke NOAA NESDIS Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Earthquakes USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog (ComCat), retrieved October 30, 2026.

Joins, thresholds and known limits are set out in the methodology. Found an error? Report it. Page built October 30, 2026.