Mineral County
Population 910 (2025) 876 sq mi
Large wildfires have burned 77,430 acres of Mineral County since 1984, 12th most of 64 counties in Colorado; the largest was the West Fork Complex - East Zone Fire in 2013.
Hazard fingerprint Each spoke is this county’s percentile among U.S. counties where that hazard occurs. How it is computed
- Tornado damage paths since 19501
- Wildfire burn scars since 19843
At a glance
The record for Mineral County in eight numbers. Each links to its section below.
Acres burned since 1984
77,430
12th of 64 in Colorado
3 large fires; the largest was West Fork Complex - East Zone, 2013
DetailsTornadoes since 1950
1
49th of 64 in Colorado
Fewer than the typical Colorado county, which has had 9
DetailsStrongest tornado
F2
October 10, 1997, 3.0 mile path
Snowiest season
173.5in
Winter of 1964-65
Tornadoes
About one every 76 years since 1950, none rated F3/EF3 or stronger.
Strongest
October 10, 1997
F2, 3.0 mile path
400 yards wide.
Most recent
Friday, October 10, 1997
F2, 3.0 mile path
29 years ago.
Every recorded tornado
| Oct 10, 1997 | F2 | 3.0 | 0 | 0 |
- Injuries and deaths are for the tornado’s whole path, which may extend beyond the county. Deaths recorded within Mineral County: 0.
- Weak tornadoes were under-recorded before Doppler radar coverage became national in the early 1990s, so earlier decades read low. Ratings use the Fujita scale before February 2007 and the Enhanced Fujita scale after.
Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, 1950 to 2025.
Hurricanes and tropical storms
No tropical storm or hurricane has tracked within 100 miles since records began in 1851.
Wildfire and smoke
77,430 acres burned in 3 large fires since 1984, equal to 14% of the land.
Largest
June 5, 2013
West Fork Complex - East Zone Fire, 34,436 acres
34,441 acres inside Mineral County.
Most recent
June 5, 2013
West Fork Complex
18,774 acres in total.
Every large fire
| West Fork Complex | 2013 | 18,775 | 18,774 |
| West Fork Complex - East Zone | 2013 | 34,441 | 34,436 |
| Papoose | 2013 | 24,213 | 46,997 |
- Large fires mapped by the Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity program since 1984: 1,000 acres or more in the West, 500 or more in the East. Prescribed burns are excluded. Acres here are the part of each perimeter inside this place.
Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity (USGS and U.S. Forest Service), 1984 to 2026.
Smoke overhead
Smokiest year
2021: 26 days
Heavy smoke on 10 days in 2020, the most of any year.
Last 10 years
9.0 days a year
Medium or heavy smoke, 2016 to 2025.
2025
12 days
Medium or heavy smoke. 17 so far in 2026.
- A smoke day is a date on which a smoke plume traced by NOAA Hazard Mapping System analysts from satellite imagery covered this place's point (the county's population centre or the city centre). Counts here are of medium or heavy smoke. Since 2018 analysts have often drawn light smoke as one area over most of the continent, so light-smoke counts are not comparable from year to year. The plumes show smoke anywhere in the air above, not air quality at the ground, and smoke hidden by cloud is missed.
NOAA Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, 2011 to 2026, retrieved October 30, 2026.
Floods and flood insurance
No federal flood insurance claims are recorded for this county.
Flood events since 1996
- Flood1
- Heavy Rain1
OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026. NOAA Storm Events through 2026.
River crests
Most severe crest
June 9, 1985
Rio Grande at Wagon Wheel Gap, 6.10 ft
0.10 feet above the 6.0 ft flood stage; minor flooding by today’s categories.
River gauges
| Rio Grande at Wagon Wheel Gap | 6.0 | 6.10 ft | 0 |
- Crests are the highest and the recent crests the National Weather Service lists for each river gauge in the county that has a flood stage, not every flood. Flood categories use each gauge's current flood stages; crests from before levees, dams or channel changes may not be comparable. Crests measured on an old datum are left out of the rankings.
NOAA National Water Prediction Service gauge records, retrieved October 30, 2026.
Drought
In severe drought or worse for 150 of 1,581 months since 1895 (9%); the longest spell lasted 26 months.
150
Months in severe drought or worse since 1895
62
Months in extreme drought
9%
Share of all months, severe or worse
Lowest reading
August 2002
−6.37, extreme drought
Longest severe spell
26 months
October 1900 to November 1902.
Latest month
September 2026
−1.47, mild drought
Last severe month: August 2026.
- The Palmer Drought Severity Index is computed by NOAA each month from the county's average temperature and precipitation, relative to the county's own climate. Zero is normal; -3 or lower is severe drought and -4 or lower extreme drought. It describes the long-term balance of moisture, not water supply or crop losses.
NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, 1895 to September 2026, issued October 6, 2026.
Earthquakes and landslides
4 earthquakes of magnitude 4 or more within 50 miles since 1900; the largest was magnitude 5.5 in 1960.
0
Magnitude 2.5+ inside the county since 1973
8
Magnitude 3+ within 50 miles since 1973
4
Magnitude 4+ within 50 miles since 1900
2
Magnitude 5+ within 50 miles since 1900
Largest within 50 miles
October 11, 1960
15 km E of Colona, Colorado; 35.4 miles away, 30.4 miles deep.
Most recent, magnitude 3 or more
July 5, 2026
Magnitude 3.5
17 km WSW of Los Ojos, New Mexico; 48.8 miles away.
Every earthquake of magnitude 4 or more within 50 miles
| Sep 13, 1994 | 4.4 | 47.9 |
| Jan 22, 1966 | 5.1 | 30.7 |
| Feb 5, 1962 | 4.7 | 30.9 |
| Oct 11, 1960 | 5.5 | 35.4 |
- Earthquakes of magnitude 2.5 or more in the USGS Comprehensive Catalog since 1900. Within 50 miles means the epicentre lies within 50 miles of the county boundary (or inside the county).
- Small earthquakes were under-recorded before the modern seismic networks of the 1970s and are still missed in remote areas, so early decades read low. Magnitudes are as the catalogue reports them and mix scales (moment, local and body-wave).
USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog, 1900 to present, retrieved October 30, 2026.
Mapped landslides
89
Landslides mapped, probable or better
0
With a recorded date
1
Source inventory
Mapped by CO GS (89).
- Landslides mapped in the USGS compilation of landslide inventories across the United States (version 3.0, 2025), rated probable or better. The compilation joins inventories made by federal and state agencies for different purposes and areas, so the number mapped in a county reflects how closely it has been surveyed as much as how often its slopes fail. An area with few records may simply not have been mapped. Deaths are as recorded in the inventories; a slide listed in two inventories is counted once.
USGS Landslide Inventories across the United States, version 3.0, retrieved October 27, 2026.
Severe weather and other events
501 events in the National Weather Service record, 501 of them since 1996.
0
Hail reports, 1 inch or larger
0
Hail, 2 inches or larger
1
Damaging gusts, 58 mph+
446
Winter weather events since 1996
0
Heat events since 1996
1
Cold events since 1996
Strongest measured or estimated gust
June 6, 2020
61 mph
More event types since 1996
| Lightning | 1 | 1 |
| Debris flows | 2 | 0 |
| Avalanches | 4 | 5 |
Costliest events since 1996
- Oct 10, 1997Tornado$10,000
National Weather Service narrative
A tornado, up to 1/4 mile wide, tracked through the high country of central Mineral county. The 3-mile long track extended from the northeast side of Fisher mountain to Copper mountain, between 10,500 and 11,500 feet above MSL. It snapped off or uprooted tens of thousands of spruce and pine trees and destroyed a horse trailer. Nearby eyewitnesses described a definite twisting motion to the destructive wind.
- Storm Events records before 1996 cover only tornadoes, thunderstorm wind and hail. Damage figures are as reported by the National Weather Service at the time, not adjusted for inflation.
NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, 1950 to 2026, issued October 26, 2026.
Weather records
From Hermit 8 Se, 8.6 miles from the county’s population centre, with records from 1920.
- All-time high
- 95°FAug 17, 1996
- All-time low
- −45°FJan 30, 1979
- Warmest night
- 56°FJul 19, 2023
- Coldest day
- −4°FJan 6, 1971
- Wettest day
- 4.70 inDec 12, 2007
- Snowiest day
- 30.0 inDec 14, 1967
- Hottest year
- 2018mean 40.1°F
- Coldest year
- 1922mean 30.4°F
- Wettest year
- 192136.83 in
- Driest year
- 19798.12 in
- Snowiest season
- 173.5 in1964-65
Median first snow
October 23
Earliest: August 11, 1948
Median last snow
April 27
Latest: June 21, 1951
0 of 91 winters had no measurable snow.
Station Hermit 8 Se (USC00053951), 8,949 ft elevation, 8.6 miles from the population centre. Daily records from 1920 to October 24, 2026; 94.8% of days in the last 30 years are complete. Records at a single station can differ from a city’s official threaded record, which may combine several stations.
NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily.
Federal disaster declarations
8 since 1953. The most recent: Covid-19 Pandemic, March 28, 2020.
| Mar 28, 2020 | Biological | DR-4498-CO |
| Mar 13, 2020 | Biological | EM-3436-CO |
| Jun 21, 2013 | Fire | FM-5031-CO |
| Sep 5, 2005 | Coastal Storm | EM-3224-CO |
| Jun 19, 2002 | Fire | DR-1421-CO |
| Jan 29, 1977 | Drought | EM-3025-CO |
| Jul 6, 1973 | Flood | DR-396-CO |
| Sep 22, 1970 | Flood | DR-293-CO |
This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).
OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries, retrieved October 30, 2026. Statewide declarations are not listed.
How this compares
Where Mineral County stands among 64 counties in Colorado and 3,143 in the United States.
| Tornadoes since 1950 | 1 | 49 / 64 |
| Tornadoes rated F3/EF3 or stronger | 0 | — |
| Tropical cyclones within 50 mi | 0 | — |
| Hurricane-strength passes within 50 mi | 0 | — |
| Wildfire acres since 1984 | 77,430 | 12 / 64 |
| Flood insurance claims | 0 | — |
| Flood insurance paid | $0 | — |
| Disaster declarations | 8 | 43 / 64 |
| Flood events since 1996 | 2 | 58 / 64 |
| Hail and wind events since 1996 | 44 | 52 / 64 |
| Winter storm events since 1996 | 446 | 17 / 64 |
| Reported damage since 1996 | $10,000 | 64 / 64 |
| River crests at major flood stage | 0 | — |
| High tide flooding days a year, last 10 years | 0.0 | — |
| Months in severe drought since 1895 | 150 | 45 / 64 |
| Medium or heavy smoke days a year, last 10 years | 9.0 | 57 / 64 |
| Earthquakes M4+ within 50 mi since 1900 | 4 | 32 / 64 |
| Earthquakes M2.5+ in the county since 1973 | 0 | — |
Neighbouring counties
| Archuleta County | 1 | 0 |
| Hinsdale County | 0 | 0 |
| Rio Grande County | 3 | 0 |
| Saguache County | 7 | 0 |
Sources and vintage
Every number on this page comes from these public records.
- Tornadoes NOAA Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, through 2025.
- Tropical cyclones NOAA National Hurricane Center HURDAT2 (Atlantic; Northeast and Central Pacific), through 2025.
- Wildfire USGS/USFS Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity, through 2026.
- Storm events NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, through 2026.
- Flood insurance OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026.
- Declarations OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries v2, retrieved October 30, 2026.
- Weather records NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily, station USC00053951.
- River crests NOAA National Weather Service, National Water Prediction Service river gauges, retrieved October 30, 2026.
- Drought NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, through September 2026.
- Smoke NOAA NESDIS Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, retrieved October 30, 2026.
- Landslides USGS Landslide Inventories across the United States, version 3.0 (2025).
- Earthquakes USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog (ComCat), retrieved October 30, 2026.
Joins, thresholds and known limits are set out in the methodology. Found an error? Report it. Page built October 30, 2026.