Hancock County

Population 16,803 (2025) 794 sq mi

Property owners in Hancock County have filed 288 federal flood insurance claims since 1978, 31st most of 102 counties in Illinois.

Hazard fingerprint for Hancock County Tornado: 48th percentile. Tropical: 0th percentile. Wildfire: 0th percentile. Flood: 69th percentile. Hail & wind: 49th percentile. Heat: 33th percentile. Cold: 67th percentile. Winter: 78th percentile. TORTROPFIREFLOODSEVEREHEATCOLDWINTER

Hazard fingerprint Each spoke is this county’s percentile among U.S. counties where that hazard occurs. How it is computed

2026
  • Tornado damage paths since 195029
  • Major flood years since 19783

At a glance

The record for Hancock County in eight numbers. Each links to its section below.

Flood insurance claims

288

31st of 102 in Illinois

$5.9 million paid since 1979

Details

Tornadoes since 1950

29

54th of 102 in Illinois

About as many as the typical Illinois county

Details

Strongest tornado

F4

May 13, 1995, 50.0 mile path

Federal disaster declarations

19

Most recent: Severe Storms and Flooding, 2023

Details

Record high

113°F

July 15, 1936

Details

Record low

−22°F

January 10, 1982

Details

Snowiest season

45.5in

Winter of 1959-60

Costliest event since 1996

$15.0M

Tornado, April 8, 1999

Details

Tornadoes

About one every 2.6 years since 1950, 4 of them rated F3/EF3 or stronger.

Strongest

May 13, 1995

F4, 50.0 mile path

1,000 yards wide.

Most recent

Sunday, August 6, 2023

EFU, 8.0 mile path

3 years ago.

Tornadoes by decade Doppler radar era² 1950s: 2 2 1960s: 1 1 1970s: 6 6 1980s: 4 4 1990s: 8 8 2000s: 5 5 2010s: 2 2 2020s: 1 1 1950s1960s1970s1980s1990s2000s2010s2020s
Recorded tornadoes per decade. The 2020s are incomplete.
Tornadoes by month J: 0 F: 0 M: 1 A: 11 11 M: 5 J: 8 J: 1 A: 1 S: 1 O: 1 N: 0 D: 0 JFMAMJJASOND
By month of occurrence, all years.

Every recorded tornado

Tornadoes in Hancock County since 1950
Aug 6, 2023EFU8.02000
May 22, 2019EF10.53000
Oct 14, 2017EF00.82500
Apr 10, 2008EF00.87500
Apr 10, 2008EF00.25000
Apr 10, 2008EF11.615000
Jun 2, 2007EF00.12500
May 10, 2003F269.230040
Apr 8, 1999F020.01000
Apr 8, 1999F37.520000
Apr 30, 1997F012.01000
Apr 30, 1997F01.02000
May 13, 1995F450.01,00070
Jun 16, 1990F10.11000
Jun 13, 1990F00.12000
Mar 8, 1990F242.01000
Jun 30, 1986F10.31010
Apr 29, 1984F00.11000
Jun 21, 1981F10.11000
Jun 21, 1981F10.11000
Apr 13, 1974F219.5500100
Apr 13, 1974F311.070000
Sep 30, 1973F30.11000
Jun 16, 1973F10.11000
Jun 2, 1973F10.11000
May 8, 1973F10.11000
Jul 21, 1961F1147.41000
May 9, 1957F12.720000
Apr 23, 1955F18.01000
  1. Injuries and deaths are for the tornado’s whole path, which may extend beyond the county. Deaths recorded within Hancock County: 0.
  2. Weak tornadoes were under-recorded before Doppler radar coverage became national in the early 1990s, so earlier decades read low. Ratings use the Fujita scale before February 2007 and the Enhanced Fujita scale after.

Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, 1950 to 2025.

Hurricanes and tropical storms

No tropical storm or hurricane has tracked within 100 miles since records began in 1851.

Wildfire and smoke

No large wildfire has been mapped here since satellite mapping began in 1984.

Smoke overhead

Smokiest year

2023: 62 days

Heavy smoke on 20 days in 2021, the most of any year.

Last 10 years

22.2 days a year

Medium or heavy smoke, 2016 to 2025.

2025

17 days

Medium or heavy smoke. 39 so far in 2026.

Days with medium or heavy smoke overhead, by year 2011: 10 2012: 16 2013: 16 2014: 11 2015: 16 2016: 1 2017: 8 2018: 12 2019: 10 2020: 22 2021: 44 2022: 16 2023: 62 62 2024: 30 2025: 17 201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022202320242025
Days each year on which a satellite-traced plume of medium or heavy smoke covered the county’s population centre, 2011 to 2025.
  1. A smoke day is a date on which a smoke plume traced by NOAA Hazard Mapping System analysts from satellite imagery covered this place's point (the county's population centre or the city centre). Counts here are of medium or heavy smoke. Since 2018 analysts have often drawn light smoke as one area over most of the continent, so light-smoke counts are not comparable from year to year. The plumes show smoke anywhere in the air above, not air quality at the ground, and smoke hidden by cloud is missed.

NOAA Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, 2011 to 2026, retrieved October 30, 2026.

Floods and flood insurance

288 federal flood insurance claims since 1979, with $5.9 million paid.

Federal flood insurance claims by year 1993: 108 108 2001: 26 2008: 81 2013: 9 2014: 14 2019: 18 19932019
Claims per year since 1979. Years with fewer than five claims are not shown.

Most claims in one year

1993: 108 claims

$2.1 million paid.

2nd most

2008: 81 claims

$3.0 million paid.

3rd most

2001: 26 claims

$174,000 paid.

Claims by ZIP code

Flood insurance claims by ZIP code
62330137$1.9 million
6237963$2.6 million
6235851$890,000
6234112$170,000
623219$125,000
623685$60,000

Flood events since 1996

  • Flood57
  • Flash Flood37
  • Heavy Rain3

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026. NOAA Storm Events through 2026.

Drought

In severe drought or worse for 173 of 1,581 months since 1895 (11%); the longest spell lasted 24 months.

173

Months in severe drought or worse since 1895

84

Months in extreme drought

11%

Share of all months, severe or worse

16

Drought reports to the Weather Service since 1996

Lowest reading

August 1934

−6.79, extreme drought

Longest severe spell

24 months

May 1988 to April 1990.

Latest month

September 2026

+1.81, slightly wet

Last severe month: March 2026.

Months in severe drought or worse, by year 1895: 0 1896: 0 1897: 0 1898: 0 1899: 0 1900: 0 1901: 5 1902: 5 1903: 0 1904: 0 1905: 0 1906: 0 1907: 0 1908: 0 1909: 0 1910: 1 1911: 4 1912: 0 1913: 5 1914: 12 12 1915: 4 1916: 0 1917: 0 1918: 1 1919: 0 1920: 1 1921: 4 1922: 0 1923: 0 1924: 0 1925: 0 1926: 0 1927: 0 1928: 0 1929: 0 1930: 5 1931: 4 1932: 0 1933: 0 1934: 8 1935: 0 1936: 6 1937: 0 1938: 0 1939: 0 1940: 8 1941: 2 1942: 0 1943: 0 1944: 0 1945: 0 1946: 0 1947: 0 1948: 0 1949: 0 1950: 0 1951: 0 1952: 0 1953: 4 1954: 9 1955: 0 1956: 10 1957: 3 1958: 0 1959: 0 1960: 0 1961: 0 1962: 0 1963: 4 1964: 11 1965: 0 1966: 0 1967: 0 1968: 0 1969: 0 1970: 0 1971: 0 1972: 0 1973: 0 1974: 0 1975: 0 1976: 1 1977: 7 1978: 0 1979: 0 1980: 4 1981: 0 1982: 0 1983: 0 1984: 0 1985: 0 1986: 0 1987: 1 1988: 8 1989: 12 1990: 4 1991: 0 1992: 0 1993: 0 1994: 0 1995: 0 1996: 0 1997: 0 1998: 0 1999: 0 2000: 0 2001: 0 2002: 0 2003: 0 2004: 0 2005: 1 2006: 9 2007: 1 2008: 0 2009: 0 2010: 0 2011: 0 2012: 5 2013: 0 2014: 1 2015: 0 2016: 0 2017: 0 2018: 0 2019: 0 2020: 0 2021: 0 2022: 0 2023: 0 2024: 0 2025: 2 18951905191519251935194519551965197519851995200520152025
Months each year with a Palmer index of −3 or lower, 1895 to 2025. Twelve means the whole year.
  1. The Palmer Drought Severity Index is computed by NOAA each month from the county's average temperature and precipitation, relative to the county's own climate. Zero is normal; -3 or lower is severe drought and -4 or lower extreme drought. It describes the long-term balance of moisture, not water supply or crop losses.

NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, 1895 to September 2026, issued October 6, 2026.

Earthquakes and landslides

1 earthquake of magnitude 4 or more within 50 miles since 1900; the largest was magnitude 4.0 in 1905.

0

Magnitude 2.5+ inside the county since 1973

0

Magnitude 3+ within 50 miles since 1973

1

Magnitude 4+ within 50 miles since 1900

0

Magnitude 5+ within 50 miles since 1900

Largest within 50 miles

April 13, 1905

Magnitude 4.0

Near Keokuk, Iowa; 1.4 miles away.

Most recent, magnitude 3 or more

April 13, 1905

Magnitude 4.0

Near Keokuk, Iowa; 1.4 miles away.

Every earthquake of magnitude 4 or more within 50 miles

Earthquakes of magnitude 4 or more within 50 miles
Apr 13, 19054.01.4—Near Keokuk, Iowa
  1. Earthquakes of magnitude 2.5 or more in the USGS Comprehensive Catalog since 1900. Within 50 miles means the epicentre lies within 50 miles of the county boundary (or inside the county).
  2. Small earthquakes were under-recorded before the modern seismic networks of the 1970s and are still missed in remote areas, so early decades read low. Magnitudes are as the catalogue reports them and mix scales (moment, local and body-wave).

USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog, 1900 to present, retrieved October 30, 2026.

Mapped landslides

1

Landslides mapped, probable or better

1

With a recorded date

1

Source inventory

Mapped by NASA (1).

  1. Landslides mapped in the USGS compilation of landslide inventories across the United States (version 3.0, 2025), rated probable or better. The compilation joins inventories made by federal and state agencies for different purposes and areas, so the number mapped in a county reflects how closely it has been surveyed as much as how often its slopes fail. An area with few records may simply not have been mapped. Deaths are as recorded in the inventories; a slide listed in two inventories is counted once.

USGS Landslide Inventories across the United States, version 3.0, retrieved October 27, 2026.

Severe weather and other events

714 events in the National Weather Service record, 627 of them since 1996.

116

Hail reports, 1 inch or larger

8

Hail, 2 inches or larger

183

Damaging gusts, 58 mph+

123

Winter weather events since 1996

5

Heat events since 1996

17

Cold events since 1996

Largest hail

July 9, 2021

3.00 inches

Strongest measured or estimated gust

June 29, 2023

120 mph

More event types since 1996

Other Storm Events types since 1996
Lightning200Jul 18, 2010
Dense fog and smoke900Nov 21, 2012

Costliest events since 1996

  1. Apr 8, 1999Tornado$15.0 million
    National Weather Service narrative

    A tornado developed just west of Warsaw in Hancock County and produced F2 damage to homes in the south part of the community. 2 homes were destroyed while another 30 structures suffered damage, including the high school track and football field and fairgrounds. Trees and branches were blown down in many parts of town.The tornado moved northeast into Hamilton where F3 damage occurred. The tornado destroyed or damaged 144 homes and businesses amounting to 10 million dollars in total damage. 4 people suffered minor injuries. The KHQA-TV tower and KOKX radio tower were destroyed. Governor George Ryan declared Hancock County a state disaster area. The tornado weakened and lifted just…

  2. Jul 18, 2003Thunderstorm Wind$3.5 million
    National Weather Service narrative

    A bow echo raced across Southeast Iowa and West Central Illinois around and just after dawn. Numerous trees and power lines were downed as well as substantial crop damage. In Keokuk, Iowa, trees 3 to 4 feet in diameter were downed while in Nauvoo, Illinois, a 160,000 bushel grain bin along the river was crushed. In Camp Eastman north of Hamilton, 299 boy scouts and adults were camping. A tree limb fell on one tent and injured a boy scout. In the pre-dawn hours ahead of the bow echo, scattered severe storms developed in West Central Illinois producing hail and high winds.

  3. May 21, 2003Flood, Hancock$1.0 million
    National Weather Service narrative

    A pattern change at the end of April brought a series of heavy rain producing systems to Eastern Iowa and Northern Illinois over the first 10 days of the month. Area rivers responded with the Iowa River going above flood stage starting on the 10th. The Cedar and Wapsipinicon Rivers followed by going above flood stage around the 15th. The Mississippi River also went above flood stage, beginning around the 20th. Most tributaries went below flood stage around the 20th, and most locations on the Mississippi that were above flood stage went below by the 28th.Most of the flooding was minor. One location-the Mississippi River at Gladstone Dam 18-experienced moderate flooding. Most…

  4. Apr 30, 1997Tornado$400,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    A tornado tracked nearly three miles across mostly open farm land but still managed to strike five farms destroying several outbuildings and over 20 power poles. As the storm neared Warsaw, Illinois, nearly 50 homes sustained damage to windows from downed trees and flying debris. One home was damaged when a large 130 year old Oak tree toppled over. The tree destroyed the porch, carport, and the two family vehicles. Most disturbing, was that the tree crashed into the home and blocked the stairs to the basement just as the family attempted to take cover from the tornado. The family was unharmed.

  5. May 10, 2003Tornado$400,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Tornado developed in Adams County (WFO LSX) and moved northeast, entering Hancock county 1.2 miles southeast of Tioga at 1749 CST. The tornado moved in a northeast direction for 10.7 miles, passing 2.5 miles south of Basco where F2 damage was noted, and then turned slightly right. The tornado continued northeast for 17.7 miles, passing 1.2 miles south of Bentley and exited into McDonough County 3.9 miles SE of Fountain Green at 1830 CST. Most damage along the path in Hancock County was F0 and F1. The tornado was on the ground for a total of 28.4 miles in Hancock County.

  6. Apr 30, 1997Tornado$400,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    A tornado tracked nearly three miles across mostly open farm land but still managed to strike five farms destroying several outbuildings and over 20 power poles. As the storm neared Warsaw, Illinois, nearly 50 homes sustained damage to windows from downed trees and flying debris. One home was damaged when a large 130 year old Oak tree toppled over. The tree destroyed the porch, carport, and the two family vehicles. Most disturbing, was that the tree crashed into the home and blocked the stairs to the basement just as the family attempted to take cover from the tornado. The family was unharmed.

  7. Apr 30, 1997Tornado$400,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    A tornado tracked nearly three miles across mostly open farm land but still managed to strike five farms destroying several outbuildings and over 20 power poles. As the storm neared Warsaw, Illinois, nearly 50 homes sustained damage to windows from downed trees and flying debris. One home was damaged when a large 130 year old Oak tree toppled over. The tree destroyed the porch, carport, and the two family vehicles. Most disturbing, was that the tree crashed into the home and blocked the stairs to the basement just as the family attempted to take cover from the tornado. The family was unharmed.

  8. Jun 27, 2011Thunderstorm Wind$250,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Wind gusts in excess of 70 mph blew down several trees and large limbs in Bentley, IL around 145 am CDT June 27. Some roads were blocked by the tree debris. In addition, some buildings and homes were damaged and a new Morton building on the north side of Bentley was strewn across the freeway. Some of the trees and limbs fell onto a few homes.

  9. Jun 27, 2011Thunderstorm Wind$250,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Wind gusts estimated to be 60 to 80 mph downed several trees and large limbs across much of Hamilton, IL around 130 am CDT June 27. A home on North 19th Street sustained roof damage and a power pole was blown down in the front yard.

  10. May 13, 2010Flood$250,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Heavy rains during the second week of May resulted in the La Moine River at Colmar going above the moderate flood stage level of 22 feet on May 13 around 10 pm. It crested around 23.4 feet around 1 am May 15. It fell below the moderate flood stage level around 3 pm May 16.

  1. Storm Events records before 1996 cover only tornadoes, thunderstorm wind and hail. Damage figures are as reported by the National Weather Service at the time, not adjusted for inflation.

NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, 1950 to 2026, issued October 26, 2026.

Weather records

From Keokuk L&d 19, 9.3 miles from the county’s population centre, with records from 1933.

All-time high
113°FJul 15, 1936
All-time low
−22°FJan 10, 1982
Warmest night
87°F3 times, most recently Jul 9, 1987
Coldest day
−10°F2 times, most recently Feb 3, 1996
Wettest day
5.38 inAug 23, 2001
Snowiest day
10.5 inFeb 19, 1908
Hottest year
1987mean 56.9°F
Coldest year
1996mean 48.0°F
Wettest year
201056.82 in
Driest year
198818.23 in
Snowiest season
45.5 in1959-60
Average monthly high and low temperature and precipitation, last 30 years, Keokuk L&d 19 32°F 34° 17° 1.7 Jan 39° 20° 1.8 Feb 51° 32° 2.8 Mar 63° 42° 4.4 Apr 73° 53° 4.8 May 83° 63° 5.6 Jun 86° 67° 3.9 Jul 84° 66° 3.7 Aug 79° 58° 3.2 Sep 66° 46° 3.4 Oct 52° 33° 2.1 Nov 39° 23° 2.0 Dec Precipitation, inches
Average daily high and low by month, and average monthly precipitation, over the last 30 years.
Days reaching 95°F per year 1976: 14 1977: 2 1978: 4 1979: 7 1980: 29 1981: 4 1982: 2 1983: 40 40 1984: 6 1985: 1 1986: 1 1987: 20 1988: 23 1989: 8 1990: 9 1991: 8 1992: 0 1993: 1 1994: 2 1995: 11 1996: 1 1997: 7 1998: 7 1999: 11 2000: 6 2001: 8 2002: 5 2003: 9 2004: 1 2005: 14 2006: 10 2007: 7 2008: 1 2009: 3 2010: 5 2011: 20 2012: 27 2013: 11 2014: 0 2015: 0 2016: 1 2017: 3 2018: 4 2019: 1 2020: 0 2021: 0 2022: 4 2023: 5 2024: 2 2025: 1 19761986199620062016
Days reaching 95°F each complete year, last 50 years. Thirty-year average: 5.8.
Snowfall by winter 1975: 21.8 in 1976: 18.0 in 1977: 43.0 in 1978: 45.0 in 45.0 1979: 19.2 in 1980: 9.0 in 1981: 31.5 in 1982: 16.9 in 1983: 17.0 in 1984: 26.5 in 1985: 20.0 in 1986: 10.5 in 1992: 30.0 in 1993: 22.3 in 1994: 16.7 in 1995: 15.0 in 1996: 25.2 in 1998: 34.7 in 1999: 10.0 in 2000: 22.9 in 2001: 9.5 in 2002: 14.0 in 2003: 0.0 in 2004: 3.0 in 2005: 1.0 in 2006: 0.0 in 2007: 5.5 in 2008: 0.0 in 2009: 1.5 in 2012: 15.6 in 2013: 18.4 in 2014: 19.4 in 2015: 8.1 in 2016: 4.2 in 2017: 17.0 in 2018: 21.4 in 2019: 8.8 in 2020: 9.8 in 2021: 14.6 in 2023: 17.0 in 2024: 5.1 in 19751985200120132024
Total snowfall each winter (July to June), last 50 winters.

Median first snow

December 6

Earliest: October 27, 1967

Median last snow

March 8

Latest: April 24, 1967

3 of 77 winters had no measurable snow.

Station Keokuk L&d 19 (USC00134381), 522 ft elevation, 9.3 miles from the population centre. Daily records from 1933 to October 27, 2026; 98.8% of days in the last 30 years are complete. Records at a single station can differ from a city’s official threaded record, which may combine several stations.

NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily.

Federal disaster declarations

19 since 1953. The most recent: Severe Storms and Flooding, August 15, 2023.

Federal disaster declarations
Aug 15, 2023Severe StormSevere Storms and FloodingMajor disasterDR-4728-IL
Mar 26, 2020BiologicalCovid-19 PandemicMajor disasterDR-4489-IL
Mar 13, 2020BiologicalCovid-19EmergencyEM-3435-IL
Sep 19, 2019FloodSevere Storms and FloodingMajor disasterDR-4461-IL
May 10, 2013FloodSevere Storms, Straight-Line Winds, and FloodingMajor disasterDR-4116-IL
Mar 17, 2011SnowstormSevere Winter Storm and SnowstormMajor disasterDR-1960-IL
Jun 24, 2008Severe StormSevere Storms and FloodingMajor disasterDR-1771-IL
Dec 29, 2006SnowstormSnowEmergencyEM-3269-IL
Sep 7, 2005HurricaneHurricane Katrina EvacuationEmergencyEM-3230-IL
May 15, 2003Severe StormSevere Storms, Tornadoes, and FloodingMajor disasterDR-1469-IL
May 21, 2002TornadoSevere Storms, Tornadoes and FloodingMajor disasterDR-1416-IL
May 9, 2001FloodFloodingMajor disasterDR-1368-IL
Jan 8, 1999SnowstormIl-Winter Storm 1/1/99EmergencyEM-3134-IL
May 6, 1996Severe StormSevere Storms and FloodingMajor disasterDR-1112-IL
Jul 9, 1993FloodSevere Storms & FloodingMajor disasterDR-997-IL
Aug 21, 1987FloodSevere Storms & FloodingMajor disasterDR-798-IL
Mar 29, 1985FloodSevere Storms & FloodingMajor disasterDR-735-IL
Jun 10, 1974FloodSevere Storms & FloodingMajor disasterDR-438-IL
Apr 26, 1973FloodSevere Storms & FloodingMajor disasterDR-373-IL

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries, retrieved October 30, 2026. Statewide declarations are not listed.

How this compares

Where Hancock County stands among 102 counties in Illinois and 3,143 in the United States.

Ranks
Tornadoes since 19502954 / 1021,039 / 3,143
Tornadoes rated F3/EF3 or stronger416 / 102387 / 3,143
Tropical cyclones within 50 mi0——
Hurricane-strength passes within 50 mi0——
Wildfire acres since 19840——
Flood insurance claims28831 / 102756 / 3,143
Flood insurance paid$5.9 million22 / 102652 / 3,143
Disaster declarations1910 / 1021,704 / 3,143
Flood events since 19969718 / 102628 / 3,143
Hail and wind events since 199633432 / 1021,019 / 3,143
Winter storm events since 199612316 / 102677 / 3,143
Reported damage since 1996$25.7 million31 / 1021,277 / 3,143
River crests at major flood stage0——
High tide flooding days a year, last 10 years0.0——
Months in severe drought since 18951734 / 102511 / 3,143
Medium or heavy smoke days a year, last 10 years22.233 / 102853 / 3,143
Earthquakes M4+ within 50 mi since 1900185 / 1021,397 / 3,143
Earthquakes M2.5+ in the county since 19730——

Neighbouring counties

Neighbouring counties
Adams County3600374
Clark County MO1700106
Henderson County1500412
Lee County IA3900141
Lewis County MO1300143
McDonough County440016
Schuyler County240093

Sources and vintage

Every number on this page comes from these public records.

  • Tornadoes NOAA Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, through 2025.
  • Tropical cyclones NOAA National Hurricane Center HURDAT2 (Atlantic; Northeast and Central Pacific), through 2025.
  • Wildfire USGS/USFS Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity, through 2026.
  • Storm events NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, through 2026.
  • Flood insurance OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026.
  • Declarations OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries v2, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Weather records NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily, station USC00134381.
  • River crests NOAA National Weather Service, National Water Prediction Service river gauges, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Drought NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, through September 2026.
  • Smoke NOAA NESDIS Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Landslides USGS Landslide Inventories across the United States, version 3.0 (2025).
  • Earthquakes USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog (ComCat), retrieved October 30, 2026.

Joins, thresholds and known limits are set out in the methodology. Found an error? Report it. Page built October 30, 2026.