McDonald County
Population 23,992 (2025) 539 sq mi
Property owners in McDonald County have filed 386 federal flood insurance claims since 1978, 20th most of 115 counties in Missouri.
Hazard fingerprint Each spoke is this county’s percentile among U.S. counties where that hazard occurs. How it is computed
- Tornado damage paths since 195023
- Tropical cyclone tracks within 100 miles since 1851, wider where stronger1
- Wildfire burn scars since 19844
- Major flood years since 19785
At a glance
The record for McDonald County in eight numbers. Each links to its section below.
Tornadoes since 1950
23
66th of 115 in Missouri
About as many as the typical Missouri county
DetailsAcres burned since 1984
3,640
20th of 115 in Missouri
4 large fires; the largest was Unnamed, 1995
DetailsStrongest tornado
EF3
May 22, 2011, 17.9 mile path
Federal disaster declarations
26
Most recent: Severe Storms, Straight-Line Winds, Tornadoes, and Flooding, 2025
DetailsTornadoes
About one every 3.3 years since 1950, one of them rated F3/EF3 or stronger.
Strongest
May 22, 2011
EF3, 17.9 mile path
1,550 yards wide.
Deadliest
November 15, 1988
1 killed, F2
12 injured along the whole path.
Most recent
Wednesday, May 22, 2019
EF2, 16.6 mile path
7 years ago.
Every recorded tornado
| May 22, 2019 | EF2 | 16.6 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 30, 2019 | EF1 | 12.3 | 0 | 0 |
| May 19, 2017 | EF1 | 2.0 | 0 | 0 |
| May 18, 2017 | EF1 | 1.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 4, 2017 | EF2 | 16.5 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 2, 2015 | EF1 | 12.4 | 0 | 0 |
| May 22, 2011 | EF3 | 17.9 | 4 | 0 |
| May 11, 2011 | EF0 | 0.8 | 0 | 0 |
| Dec 27, 2008 | EF0 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 28, 2008 | EF0 | 1.4 | 2 | 0 |
| Jan 7, 2008 | EF1 | 7.4 | 0 | 0 |
| Jan 7, 2008 | EF0 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 |
| May 26, 1997 | F0 | 4.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Oct 8, 1993 | F2 | 7.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Oct 8, 1993 | F1 | 4.0 | 0 | 0 |
| May 18, 1989 | F1 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 |
| Nov 15, 1988 | F2 | 28.0 | 12 | 1 |
| Apr 7, 1986 | F1 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 |
| Dec 14, 1971 | F1 | 24.2 | 3 | 0 |
| Jun 10, 1967 | F1 | 1.0 | 0 | 0 |
| May 9, 1959 | F2 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 3, 1956 | F1 | 8.8 | 1 | 0 |
| Mar 24, 1954 | F2 | 26.1 | 1 | 0 |
- Injuries and deaths are for the tornado’s whole path, which may extend beyond the county. Deaths recorded within McDonald County: 0.
- Weak tornadoes were under-recorded before Doppler radar coverage became national in the early 1990s, so earlier decades read low. Ratings use the Fujita scale before February 2007 and the Enhanced Fujita scale after.
Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, 1950 to 2025.
Hurricanes and tropical storms
1 tropical cyclone passed within 100 miles since 1851, none within 50.
Most recent
September 14, 2008
Ike, Tropical storm
64.3 miles at closest approach.
Every storm within 100 miles
- Tropical storms and hurricanes (34 kt or more, still tropical) at closest approach. Post-tropical remnants with gale-force winds are listed but not counted. Direct: track within 50 miles; near: within 100 miles. Distance is measured to the county boundary for counties and to the city centre for cities, using positions interpolated hourly between HURDAT2 fixes.
National Hurricane Center HURDAT2, 1851 to 2025.
Wildfire and smoke
3,640 acres burned in 4 large fires since 1984, equal to 1.1% of the land.
Largest
April 1, 1995
Unnamed Fire, 1,280 acres
1,279 acres inside McDonald County.
Most recent
April 1, 1995
Unnamed Fire
1,280 acres in total.
Every large fire
| Unnamed | 1995 | 1,279 | 1,280 |
| Unnamed | 1992 | 581 | 580 |
| Unnamed | 1992 | 911 | 909 |
| Unnamed | 1992 | 867 | 867 |
- Large fires mapped by the Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity program since 1984: 1,000 acres or more in the West, 500 or more in the East. Prescribed burns are excluded. Acres here are the part of each perimeter inside this place.
Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity (USGS and U.S. Forest Service), 1984 to 2026.
Smoke overhead
Smokiest year
2023: 50 days
Heavy smoke on 11 days in 2021, the most of any year.
Last 10 years
18.9 days a year
Medium or heavy smoke, 2016 to 2025.
2025
12 days
Medium or heavy smoke. 26 so far in 2026.
- A smoke day is a date on which a smoke plume traced by NOAA Hazard Mapping System analysts from satellite imagery covered this place's point (the county's population centre or the city centre). Counts here are of medium or heavy smoke. Since 2018 analysts have often drawn light smoke as one area over most of the continent, so light-smoke counts are not comparable from year to year. The plumes show smoke anywhere in the air above, not air quality at the ground, and smoke hidden by cloud is missed.
NOAA Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, 2011 to 2026, retrieved October 30, 2026.
Floods and flood insurance
386 federal flood insurance claims since 1995, with $12.8 million paid.
Most claims in one year
2019: 63 claims
$1.9 million paid.
2nd most
2011: 60 claims
$2.2 million paid.
3rd most
2017: 55 claims
$2.9 million paid.
Claims by ZIP code
| 64854 | 288 | $8.2 million |
| 64831 | 59 | $3.1 million |
| 64856 | 24 | $818,000 |
| 64863 | 7 | $461,000 |
Flood events since 1996
- Flash Flood154
- Flood73
- Heavy Rain29
5 deaths recorded in flood events since 1996.
This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).
OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026. NOAA Storm Events through 2026.
River crests
Most severe crest
August 8, 2013
Big Sugar Creek near Powell, 24.69 ft
14.69 feet above the 10.0 ft flood stage; major flooding by today’s categories.
Most recent moderate or major crest
September 24, 2023
Big Sugar Creek near Powell, 17.79 ft
Moderate flooding.
River gauges
| Big Sugar Creek near Powell | 10.0 | 24.69 ft | 3 |
| Buffalo Creek (MO) near Tiff City | 10.0 | 18.13 ft | 0 |
| Elk River (MO) near Tiff City | 15.0 | 28.40 ft | 5 |
| Indian Creek (MO) near Lanagan | 12.0 | 16.66 ft | 0 |
| Little Sugar Creek near Pineville | 9.0 | 22.49 ft | 0 |
- Crests are the highest and the recent crests the National Weather Service lists for each river gauge in the county that has a flood stage, not every flood. Flood categories use each gauge's current flood stages; crests from before levees, dams or channel changes may not be comparable. Crests measured on an old datum are left out of the rankings.
NOAA National Water Prediction Service gauge records, retrieved October 30, 2026.
Drought
In severe drought or worse for 86 of 1,581 months since 1895 (5%); the longest spell lasted 24 months.
86
Months in severe drought or worse since 1895
37
Months in extreme drought
5%
Share of all months, severe or worse
36
Drought reports to the Weather Service since 1996
Lowest reading
August 1954
−6.47, extreme drought
Longest severe spell
24 months
June 1953 to May 1955.
Latest month
September 2026
−2.36, moderate drought
Last severe month: December 2012.
- The Palmer Drought Severity Index is computed by NOAA each month from the county's average temperature and precipitation, relative to the county's own climate. Zero is normal; -3 or lower is severe drought and -4 or lower extreme drought. It describes the long-term balance of moisture, not water supply or crop losses.
NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, 1895 to September 2026, issued October 6, 2026.
Earthquakes
4 earthquakes of magnitude 2.5 or more within 50 miles since 1987; none reached magnitude 4.
0
Magnitude 2.5+ inside the county since 1973
0
Magnitude 3+ within 50 miles since 1973
0
Magnitude 4+ within 50 miles since 1900
0
Magnitude 5+ within 50 miles since 1900
Largest within 50 miles
March 23, 2024
Magnitude 2.8
9 km SE of Foyil, Oklahoma; 47.4 miles away, 3.1 miles deep.
- Earthquakes of magnitude 2.5 or more in the USGS Comprehensive Catalog since 1900. Within 50 miles means the epicentre lies within 50 miles of the county boundary (or inside the county).
- Small earthquakes were under-recorded before the modern seismic networks of the 1970s and are still missed in remote areas, so early decades read low. Magnitudes are as the catalogue reports them and mix scales (moment, local and body-wave).
USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog, 1900 to present, retrieved October 30, 2026.
Severe weather and other events
779 events in the National Weather Service record, 714 of them since 1996.
130
Hail reports, 1 inch or larger
6
Hail, 2 inches or larger
152
Damaging gusts, 58 mph+
47
Winter weather events since 1996
9
Heat events since 1996
8
Cold events since 1996
Largest hail
May 22, 2011
2.75 inches
Strongest measured or estimated gust
April 4, 2017
81 mph
More event types since 1996
| Lightning | 1 | 0 |
Costliest events since 1996
- Apr 28, 2026Hail$22.4 million
National Weather Service narrative
Hail from nickels to hen eggs in size fell along a path from Pineville to Rocky Comfort as a developing and intensifying left moving supercell move to the northeast across the County. Along the storms path numerous homes, vehicles, businesses, equipment, crops, livestock and other structures were damaged by hail.
- Dec 27, 2015Flood$10.0 million
National Weather Service narrative
At least 10 homes were flooded and there were numerous water rescues conducted. Several homes and business sustained flood damage. Numerous roads also suffered flood damage throughout the county. This storm report will contain the damage estimates for the entire county for this event.
- Apr 4, 2017Tornado$1.0 million
National Weather Service narrative
An EF-2 tornado hit the town of Goodman in McDonald County and continued northeastward into southern Newton County southeast of Neosho. Numerous homes and buildings were damaged. The school in Goodman was destroyed. The tornado started southwest of Goodman and ended on the southwest side of Granby.
- May 22, 2011Tornado$1.0 million
National Weather Service narrative
A storm survey concluded that an EF-3 tornado crossed into McDonald County from adjacent Delaware County, Oklahoma. The tornado crossed Stateline Road 2.8 miles north of Southwest City, Missouri at 7:26 pm and destroyed a single family resident and vehicles near the residence. The vehicles rolled up to 200 yards away from the house. Several trees were uprooted along the path of the tornado as it tracked southeast towards chicken houses near the intersection of Highway 43 and Farm Road 4385. The tornado lifted right before reaching Highway 43 about 2.2 miles north northeast of Southwest City. Maximum wind speeds were estimated between 150 and 160 mph. The maximum width of the path…
- Apr 25, 2011Flash Flood$1.0 million
National Weather Service narrative
Emergency manager reported Highway W and Highway H just north of Pineville was closed due to high water.||The total cost estimate for flooding damages for McDonald County for this entire episode has been included. This includes roads, bridges, and structures which were affected.
- Jun 23, 2019Flash Flood$800,000
National Weather Service narrative
Excessive heavy rainfall caused rapid rises to occur on the Beaver Branch and Indian Creek. A home along Beaver Branch was swept off its foundation and washed downstream. An elderly woman in the home was unable to escape and perished in the flood waters. A bridge on Main Street received significant damage from rapidly moving high water where Beaver Branch flows through the middle of town. Significant damage occurred to a building in the vicinity of the bridge. Numerous evacuations were performed by emergency crews from homes, apartments and businesses. Around 80 homes and businesses received water damage as water several inches deep entered the structures. Some structures had as…
- Apr 30, 2017Flash Flood$750,000
National Weather Service narrative
Several homes and business sustained flood damage across the county. Numerous roads and bridges were severely damaged or washed away across the county. This report will contain the total dollar estimate for flood damage to infrastructure, businesses, and homes across McDonald County.
- Jun 3, 2001Flash Flood$700,000
National Weather Service narrative
Rainfall amounts of three to eight inches fell over a large portion of McDonald County during a three hour period, which caused extensive damage to homes, cars, roadways, and businesses. Some of the Kansas City Southern railroad beds were washed out, but the tracks remained intact. Major routes throughout McDonald County were washed out and closed for several hours during the height of the storm. Although nobody was injured, numerous cars were stranded or washed off the road into drainage ditches where people had to be rescued.
- Jan 7, 2008Flash Flood$500,000
National Weather Service narrative
Training supercell thunderstorms caused major flash flooding in countless locations of McDonald County. Numerous roads and low water crossings were washed away. A picket fence two miles south of Noel along Higwhay 59 was completely washed away and destroyed.
- Aug 8, 2013Flash Flood$500,000
National Weather Service narrative
This storm report will contain the total estimated damages and cost for the flooding event including one fatality for the county. A vehicle was washed off the road on Highway 90 at Brush Creek just west of Jane. She was driving eastbound at 4:50 am when her car was swept into the stream, according to the Missouri State Highway Patrol. Multiple people had to be rescued at campgrounds along the Elk River near Noel. Several roads and low water crossings were severely damaged due to flooding. Several homes were flooded.
- Storm Events records before 1996 cover only tornadoes, thunderstorm wind and hail. Damage figures are as reported by the National Weather Service at the time, not adjusted for inflation.
NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, 1950 to 2026, issued October 26, 2026.
Weather records
From Gravette, 13.4 miles from the county’s population centre, with records from 1898.
- All-time high
- 114°F2 times, most recently Aug 3, 2011
- All-time low
- −29°FFeb 13, 1905
- Warmest night
- 86°FAug 13, 1932
- Coldest day
- 0°FFeb 12, 1899
- Wettest day
- 8.42 inOct 6, 2019
- Snowiest day
- 17.0 inFeb 9, 2011
- Hottest year
- 2012mean 63.4°F
- Coldest year
- 1912mean 55.6°F
- Wettest year
- 201984.86 in
- Driest year
- 196322.28 in
- Snowiest season
- 33.0 in1978-79
Median first snow
December 14
Earliest: October 30, 1993
Median last snow
February 26
Latest: April 12, 1957
4 of 64 winters had no measurable snow.
Station Gravette (USC00032930), 1,260 ft elevation, 13.4 miles from the population centre. Daily records from 1898 to September 29, 2026; 97.6% of days in the last 30 years are complete. Records at a single station can differ from a city’s official threaded record, which may combine several stations.
NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily.
Federal disaster declarations
26 since 1953. The most recent: Severe Storms, Straight-Line Winds, Tornadoes, and Flooding, June 9, 2025.
| Jun 9, 2025 | Severe Storm | DR-4876-MO |
| Jul 23, 2024 | Severe Storm | DR-4803-MO |
| Mar 26, 2020 | Biological | DR-4490-MO |
| Mar 13, 2020 | Biological | EM-3482-MO |
| Jul 9, 2019 | Severe Storm | DR-4451-MO |
| Jun 2, 2017 | Flood | DR-4317-MO |
| Jan 21, 2016 | Flood | DR-4250-MO |
| Jan 2, 2016 | Flood | EM-3374-MO |
| Aug 7, 2015 | Severe Storm | DR-4238-MO |
| Sep 6, 2013 | Severe Storm | DR-4144-MO |
| May 9, 2011 | Severe Storm | DR-1980-MO |
| Mar 23, 2011 | Severe Storm | DR-1961-MO |
| Feb 3, 2011 | Severe Storm | EM-3317-MO |
| Jan 30, 2009 | Severe Ice Storm | EM-3303-MO |
| Mar 19, 2008 | Severe Storm | DR-1749-MO |
| Feb 5, 2008 | Severe Storm | DR-1742-MO |
| Dec 27, 2007 | Severe Ice Storm | DR-1736-MO |
| Dec 12, 2007 | Severe Ice Storm | EM-3281-MO |
| Jan 15, 2007 | Severe Ice Storm | DR-1676-MO |
| Sep 10, 2005 | Hurricane | EM-3232-MO |
| May 6, 2003 | Severe Storm | DR-1463-MO |
| May 6, 2002 | Severe Storm | DR-1412-MO |
| Jun 2, 1995 | Severe Storm | DR-1054-MO |
| Jul 9, 1993 | Flood | DR-995-MO |
| Oct 14, 1986 | Flood | DR-779-MO |
| Apr 19, 1973 | Severe Storm | DR-372-MO |
This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).
OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries, retrieved October 30, 2026. Statewide declarations are not listed.
How this compares
Where McDonald County stands among 115 counties in Missouri and 3,143 in the United States.
| Tornadoes since 1950 | 23 | 66 / 115 |
| Tornadoes rated F3/EF3 or stronger | 1 | 68 / 115 |
| Tropical cyclones within 50 mi | 0 | — |
| Hurricane-strength passes within 50 mi | 0 | — |
| Wildfire acres since 1984 | 3,640 | 20 / 115 |
| Flood insurance claims | 386 | 20 / 115 |
| Flood insurance paid | $12.8 million | 11 / 115 |
| Disaster declarations | 26 | 38 / 115 |
| Flood events since 1996 | 256 | 10 / 115 |
| Hail and wind events since 1996 | 344 | 33 / 115 |
| Winter storm events since 1996 | 47 | 86 / 115 |
| Reported damage since 1996 | $43.1 million | 36 / 115 |
| River crests at major flood stage | 8 | 30 / 115 |
| High tide flooding days a year, last 10 years | 0.0 | — |
| Months in severe drought since 1895 | 86 | 108 / 115 |
| Medium or heavy smoke days a year, last 10 years | 18.9 | 103 / 115 |
| Earthquakes M4+ within 50 mi since 1900 | 0 | — |
| Earthquakes M2.5+ in the county since 1973 | 0 | — |
Neighbouring counties
| Barry County | 50 | 1 |
| Benton County AR | 68 | 1 |
| Delaware County OK | 70 | 0 |
| Newton County | 54 | 0 |
| Ottawa County OK | 49 | 0 |
Sources and vintage
Every number on this page comes from these public records.
- Tornadoes NOAA Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, through 2025.
- Tropical cyclones NOAA National Hurricane Center HURDAT2 (Atlantic; Northeast and Central Pacific), through 2025.
- Wildfire USGS/USFS Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity, through 2026.
- Storm events NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, through 2026.
- Flood insurance OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026.
- Declarations OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries v2, retrieved October 30, 2026.
- Weather records NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily, station USC00032930.
- River crests NOAA National Weather Service, National Water Prediction Service river gauges, retrieved October 30, 2026.
- Drought NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, through September 2026.
- Smoke NOAA NESDIS Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, retrieved October 30, 2026.
- Earthquakes USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog (ComCat), retrieved October 30, 2026.
Joins, thresholds and known limits are set out in the methodology. Found an error? Report it. Page built October 30, 2026.