Plant City

Population 44,118 (2025)

47 tropical storms and hurricanes have passed within 50 miles of Plant City since 1851; the strongest at closest approach was Charley in 2004 (Category 2).

Hazard fingerprint for Plant City Tornado: 99th percentile. Tropical: 97th percentile. Wildfire: 39th percentile. Flood: 70th percentile. Hail & wind: 70th percentile. Heat: 13th percentile. Cold: 91th percentile. Winter: 0th percentile. TORTROPFIREFLOODSEVEREHEATCOLDWINTER

Hazard fingerprint Each spoke is this county’s percentile among U.S. counties where that hazard occurs. How it is computed

2026
  • Tornado damage paths within 25 miles since 1950248
  • Tropical cyclone tracks within 100 miles since 1851, wider where stronger96
  • Wildfire burn scars within 25 miles since 198442
  • Major flood years since 1978, Hillsborough County3

At a glance

Tornado paths within 25 miles, tropical cyclone tracks within 100 miles and wildfire perimeters within 25 miles of the city centre. Storm events, flood insurance claims and disaster declarations are for Hillsborough County. Earthquakes within 50 miles, volcanoes within 100 miles and smoke days are measured from the city centre; river and tide gauges, tsunami and landslide records and the drought index are for Hillsborough County.

Tornadoes since 1950, within 25 mi

248

1 rated F3/EF3 or stronger

Details

Tropical cyclones within 50 mi

47

15 at hurricane strength since 1851

Details

Flood insurance claims

18,556

Hillsborough County

$1.2 billion paid since 1978

Details

Large wildfires within 25 mi

42

Largest: Stagecoach Complex, 2001

Details

Strongest tornado

F4

April 4, 1966, 135.8 mile path

Strongest tropical cyclone

Cat. 2

Hurricane Charley, 2004, 29.7 miles away

Federal disaster declarations

47

Most recent: Hurricane Milton, 2024

Details

Record high

104°F

Reached 8 times, most recently August 14, 2023

Details

Tornadoes

About 3 tornados a year since 1950, one of them rated F3/EF3 or stronger.

Strongest

April 4, 1966

F4, 135.8 mile path

300 yards wide; 11 killed along the whole path.

Most recent

Friday, August 8, 2025

EF0, 0.0 mile path

Within the past year.

Tornadoes by decade, within 25 miles Doppler radar era² 1950s: 10 10 1960s: 28 28 1970s: 60 60 1980s: 35 35 1990s: 64 64 2000s: 29 29 2010s: 18 18 2020s: 4 4 1950s1960s1970s1980s1990s2000s2010s2020s
Recorded tornadoes per decade. The 2020s are incomplete.
Tornadoes by month J: 15 F: 11 M: 28 A: 17 M: 33 J: 51 51 J: 33 A: 15 S: 12 O: 15 N: 7 D: 11 JFMAMJJASOND
By month of occurrence, all years.

Every recorded tornado

Tornadoes within 25 miles since 1950
Aug 8, 2025EF00.01000
Aug 4, 2024EF01.52500
Apr 11, 2021EF01.45000
Dec 16, 2020EF112.925000
Oct 18, 2019EF211.452500
Dec 9, 2018EF12.85000
Nov 2, 2018EF11.27500
Jun 29, 2018EF00.22500
Sep 10, 2017EF20.65000
May 30, 2014EF00.55000
Jun 6, 2013EF09.85000
Feb 26, 2013EF00.75000
Aug 27, 2012EF00.02000
Jun 24, 2012EF01.15000
Jul 7, 2011EF00.22000
Mar 31, 2011EF09.46000
Mar 31, 2011EF10.83000
Mar 31, 2011EF15.210000
Mar 31, 2011EF11.610000
Mar 31, 2011EF05.55000
Mar 31, 2011EF05.63000
Mar 11, 2010EF00.42000
Aug 12, 2009EF00.13000
Jul 1, 2009EF02.93000
Jun 30, 2009EF00.12000
May 13, 2009EF01.43000
May 12, 2009EF00.01500
Apr 14, 2009EF00.22500
Dec 25, 2006F20.810020
Jul 20, 2006F00.33000
Jun 24, 2006F00.34000
Jun 12, 2006F00.54000
Oct 23, 2005F01.05000
Jul 9, 2005F00.54000
Jul 9, 2005F00.64000
Jun 30, 2005F00.54000
Apr 23, 2005F17.015000
Sep 6, 2004F00.33000
Sep 4, 2004F03.65000
Feb 24, 2004F00.33000
Jul 8, 2003F12.220000
Jun 29, 2003F00.710000
May 24, 2003F00.23000
Aug 14, 2002F00.54000
Jul 25, 2002F01.04000
Jun 21, 2001F00.51500
Jun 15, 2001F00.1300
Mar 29, 2001F02.31500
Jul 30, 2000F00.2000
Jul 14, 2000F00.1000
Jun 27, 2000F00.1000
May 21, 1999F11.55000
May 19, 1999F01.55000
May 18, 1999F11.82000
Jan 2, 1999F10.210000
Jan 2, 1999F12.31010
Sep 25, 1998F00.53000
Sep 25, 1998F00.53000
Aug 6, 1998F00.13000
Feb 2, 1998F00.13000
Jan 23, 1998F00.93000
Dec 27, 1997F01.03000
Oct 31, 1997F01.01000
Oct 31, 1997F10.53000
Oct 31, 1997F14.02300
Oct 27, 1997F13.81000
Oct 27, 1997F00.21000
Jun 11, 1997F00.11000
Jun 5, 1997F00.11000
May 22, 1997F00.81000
Apr 28, 1997F02.75010
Dec 7, 1996F22.08301
Oct 7, 1996F06.01000
Oct 7, 1996F00.31000
Oct 7, 1996F011.01000
Mar 30, 1996F02.51000
Nov 8, 1995F01.27300
Aug 25, 1995F00.11000
Aug 24, 1995F00.11000
Jun 10, 1995F00.11000
Mar 8, 1995F04.02300
Sep 19, 1994F00.11000
Jun 27, 1994F00.11000
Jun 14, 1994F00.11000
May 18, 1994F00.11000
May 18, 1994F00.11000
May 16, 1994F00.11000
Apr 26, 1994F00.11000
Apr 7, 1994F00.11000
Mar 13, 1993F00.11000
Mar 12, 1993F00.11000
Mar 3, 1993F11.06000
Jan 4, 1993F00.11000
Nov 5, 1992F00.11000
Oct 3, 1992F12.025020
Oct 3, 1992F00.550000
Jun 28, 1992F00.11000
Jun 21, 1992F10.54000
Jul 11, 1991F00.11000
Jun 24, 1991F00.11000
Jun 1, 1991F00.11000
Apr 25, 1991F00.55000
Apr 25, 1991F00.54000
Apr 25, 1991F00.54000
Apr 25, 1991F11.06000
Mar 18, 1991F12.010020
Mar 3, 1991F00.22000
Jan 19, 1991F00.84000
Jan 19, 1991F00.53000
Aug 13, 1990F00.21000
Jul 11, 1990F00.11000
Jul 7, 1990F00.21000
Jun 22, 1990F00.21000
Jun 22, 1990F00.21000
Jun 10, 1990F00.21000
Sep 12, 1989F00.21000
Jun 20, 1989F00.21000
Jun 10, 1989F00.21000
Jun 10, 1989F00.21000
Apr 13, 1989F00.21000
Aug 30, 1988F11.03000
Jun 22, 1988F11.03000
Jun 5, 1988F00.53020
Aug 19, 1987F00.53000
Jun 29, 1987F02.03010
May 7, 1987F01.03000
Mar 29, 1987F00.52000
Jun 3, 1986F00.52000
May 9, 1986F00.53000
Feb 11, 1986F10.51040
Feb 8, 1986F22.01000
Oct 31, 1985F13.02000
Jul 25, 1985F00.51000
Jul 1, 1984F00.53000
Jun 11, 1984F01.03000
Sep 6, 1983F01.010000
Jul 25, 1983F10.53000
Jun 8, 1983F11.03020
Mar 24, 1983F10.88020
Feb 2, 1983F24.04020
Jul 31, 1982F10.31000
Jul 20, 1982F00.21000
Jun 18, 1982F10.51000
Jun 17, 1982F10.31000
Jun 15, 1982F01.01000
Jul 30, 1981F10.53000
Jun 25, 1981F00.12000
Jun 17, 1981F10.55000
May 17, 1981F11.03000
Feb 2, 1981F10.51000
May 8, 1979F00.12000
May 8, 1979F00.12000
May 8, 1979F00.23000
May 8, 1979F00.22010
May 8, 1979F00.12000
May 8, 1979F00.12000
May 8, 1979F00.12000
May 8, 1979F10.33010
May 8, 1979F00.12010
Mar 23, 1979F14.53060
Dec 1, 1978F20.63000
Dec 1, 1978F20.83000
Jul 12, 1978F00.11000
Jul 12, 1978F00.51000
May 26, 1978F00.11300
May 4, 1978F00.11300
Jan 8, 1978F210.010020
Jul 7, 1977F00.11300
Jun 5, 1977F00.11300
Jul 1, 1976F00.12000
Jun 28, 1976F00.12000
Jun 27, 1976F00.12000
Jun 4, 1976F10.12000
May 23, 1976F19.63320
Sep 11, 1975F00.12000
Sep 3, 1975F10.53000
Aug 8, 1975F10.13000
Jun 3, 1975F10.53000
May 27, 1975F09.27000
May 16, 1975F17.35000
May 9, 1975F12.55000
Aug 26, 1974F00.11000
Jun 18, 1974F10.21000
Jun 10, 1974F00.11000
May 16, 1974F10.51700
May 15, 1974F00.11000
May 6, 1974F12.02000
Oct 31, 1973F227.9100170
Jun 15, 1973F00.21000
Apr 3, 1973F10.22000
Mar 17, 1973F10.55000
Mar 17, 1973F20.32010
Jan 28, 1973F12.02010
Jan 22, 1973F10.33080
Jan 22, 1973F11.52000
Jun 18, 1972F10.25040
Mar 31, 1972F21.03000
Feb 7, 1972F10.525000
Nov 29, 1971F20.55000
Oct 17, 1971F10.31000
Aug 2, 1971F10.32000
Jul 28, 1971F10.32000
Jul 20, 1971F00.32000
Jul 10, 1971F11.05000
Jul 2, 1971F01.05000
Apr 15, 1971F00.33300
Mar 3, 1971F10.55000
Mar 3, 1971F00.11000
Mar 3, 1971F00.31000
Jan 6, 1970F00.11000
Dec 10, 1969F20.11000
Jul 2, 1969F20.11020
Jul 1, 1969F10.11000
Jun 6, 1969F00.11000
Jun 6, 1969F20.11000
Jun 4, 1969F10.11000
Nov 11, 1968F157.21000
Nov 9, 1968F169.31030
Aug 13, 1968F10.11000
Jan 24, 1968F00.11000
Dec 11, 1967F10.11000
Jul 14, 1967F15.415000
Sep 10, 1966F10.11000
Apr 4, 1966F2123.315000
Apr 4, 1966F4135.830053011
Jul 2, 1964F20.11060
Jun 30, 1964F10.11000
Jun 11, 1964F00.11000
Jan 12, 1964F14.72000
Jul 28, 1963F20.810000
Feb 19, 1963F20.11000
Nov 23, 1961F10.11000
Feb 25, 1961F10.35000
Sep 29, 1960F10.11000
Mar 16, 1960F00.55000
Mar 16, 1960F10.11000
Mar 15, 1960F11.010000
Feb 18, 1960F10.510000
Apr 2, 1959F20.110120
Jul 21, 1958F00.11000
Jan 21, 1958F02.010000
Dec 11, 1957F00.11000
May 16, 1957F00.115000
Mar 4, 1957F00.52000
Jul 2, 1956F00.11000
Apr 30, 1954F00.11000
Jan 9, 1953F29.2100120
Dec 4, 1951F10.12700
  1. Injuries and deaths are for the tornado’s whole path, which may extend beyond this area.
  2. Weak tornadoes were under-recorded before Doppler radar coverage became national in the early 1990s, so earlier decades read low. Ratings use the Fujita scale before February 2007 and the Enhanced Fujita scale after.

Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, 1950 to 2025.

Hurricanes and tropical storms

47 passed within 50 miles since 1851; 15 at hurricane strength.

Strongest within 50 miles

August 13, 2004

Charley, Category 2

29.7 miles at closest approach, winds near 104 mph.

Most recent

October 10, 2024

Milton, Category 2

21.6 miles at closest approach.

Tropical cyclones within 50 miles by decade 50s: 3 60s: 0 70s: 5 5 80s: 3 90s: 4 00s: 2 10s: 2 20s: 3 30s: 3 40s: 4 50s: 3 60s: 2 70s: 0 80s: 2 90s: 3 00s: 4 10s: 2 20s: 2 50s60s70s80s90s00s10s20s30s40s50s60s70s80s90s00s10s20s
Storms within 50 miles, by decade. Records before about 1900 miss storms that never reached land or ships.

Every storm within 100 miles

Tropical cyclones within 100 miles
Milton202421.6Category 299Category 5
Nicole202222.0Tropical storm60Category 1
Ian202258.6Category 2101Category 5
Elsa202185.3Tropical storm63Category 1
Eta202077.5Tropical storm60Category 4
Irma20173.4Category 178Category 5
Emily201735.8Tropical storm39Tropical storm
Julia201678.6Tropical storm46Tropical storm
Fay200882.5Tropical storm63Tropical storm
Ernesto200684.8Tropical storm40Category 1
Jeanne20046.6Tropical storm71Category 3
Frances20041.5Tropical storm66Category 4
Charley200429.7Category 2104Category 4
Gabrielle200116.0Tropical storm55Category 1
Gordon200095.1Tropical storm71Category 1
Jerry199532.3Tropical storm40Tropical storm
Erin199517.5Tropical storm60Category 2
Gordon199477.0Tropical storm52Category 1
Marco199048.4Tropical storm52Tropical storm
Keith198830.6Tropical storm49Category 1
Isidore198416.2Tropical storm52Tropical storm
Unnamed198262.9Subtropical storm46Tropical storm
Dennis198172.1Tropical storm40Category 1
David197995.6Category 298Category 5
Gladys196857.9Category 298Category 2
Dolly196893.4Tropical storm40Category 1
Abby196844.3Tropical storm52Category 1
Unnamed196656.2Tropical storm46Tropical storm
Alma196686.1Category 2104Category 3
Cleo196478.0Tropical storm52Category 4
Donna196021.7Category 183Category 4
Judith195987.3Tropical storm60Category 1
Unnamed195917.5Tropical storm46Category 1
Unnamed195686.5Tropical storm59Tropical storm
Hazel195377.0Category 175Category 1
How195185.7Tropical storm53Category 2
King195048.2Category 184Category 4
Easy195012.8Tropical storm69Category 3
Unnamed19495.7Category 178Category 4
Unnamed194755.3Tropical storm63Tropical storm
Unnamed194626.5Category 181Category 2
Unnamed194522.5Category 183Category 4
Unnamed194586.7Tropical storm40Tropical storm
Unnamed194553.4Category 175Category 2
Unnamed194410.7Category 190Category 4
Unnamed194173.3Category 175Category 3
Unnamed19392.0Tropical storm59Category 1
Unnamed193792.3Tropical storm58Tropical storm
Unnamed193730.5Tropical storm52Tropical storm
Unnamed193690.0Tropical storm52Tropical storm
Unnamed193565.8Category 3124Category 5
Unnamed19336.6Tropical storm67Category 4
Unnamed193370.2Tropical storm46Category 1
Unnamed19284.7Category 194Category 5
Unnamed192875.1Tropical storm60Category 1
Unnamed192823.7Tropical storm48Category 2
Unnamed192682.1Category 3117Category 4
Unnamed192579.5Post-tropical58Category 1
Unnamed192130.1Category 298Category 4
Unnamed192077.3Tropical storm60Category 1
Unnamed19167.6Tropical storm44Tropical storm
Unnamed191591.4Tropical storm67Category 1
Unnamed191013.3Tropical storm72Category 4
Unnamed190916.4Tropical storm40Tropical storm
Unnamed190484.7Tropical storm40Category 1
Unnamed190342.6Tropical storm60Category 1
Unnamed190175.6Tropical storm48Category 1
Unnamed189916.6Tropical storm46Tropical storm
Unnamed189989.3Tropical storm71Category 2
Unnamed189732.2Tropical storm55Tropical storm
Unnamed189693.9Tropical storm46Category 2
Unnamed189689.1Category 3127Category 3
Unnamed189430.1Category 181Category 3
Unnamed189217.8Tropical storm49Tropical storm
Unnamed188987.1Tropical storm52Category 1
Unnamed188898.9Category 2109Category 2
Unnamed18881.5Tropical storm44Tropical storm
Unnamed188892.9Category 184Category 3
Unnamed188729.7Tropical storm44Category 1
Unnamed188656.2Category 181Category 1
Unnamed188597.7Tropical storm69Tropical storm
Unnamed188070.0Category 181Category 1
Unnamed188032.9Tropical storm69Category 2
Unnamed187976.7Tropical storm69Category 1
Unnamed187849.8Category 2104Category 2
Unnamed187482.1Category 181Category 1
Unnamed187373.4Category 2106Category 3
Unnamed187325.5Tropical storm55Tropical storm
Unnamed187212.3Tropical storm52Category 1
Unnamed187197.7Category 181Category 1
Unnamed187146.0Tropical storm72Category 3
Unnamed187132.2Category 181Category 3
Unnamed186179.7Tropical storm60Category 1
Unnamed18596.7Category 190Category 1
Unnamed185959.6Tropical storm46Tropical storm
Unnamed185810.7Tropical storm58Category 2
Unnamed18527.3Tropical storm67Category 1
  1. Tropical storms and hurricanes (34 kt or more, still tropical) at closest approach. Post-tropical remnants with gale-force winds are listed but not counted. Direct: track within 50 miles; near: within 100 miles. Distance is measured to the county boundary for counties and to the city centre for cities, using positions interpolated hourly between HURDAT2 fixes.

National Hurricane Center HURDAT2, 1851 to 2025.

Wildfire and smoke

42 large fires burned within 25 miles since 1984.

Largest

February 22, 2001

Stagecoach Complex, 14,069 acres

22.9 miles from the city centre.

Most recent

April 27, 2024

New Wales (53) Fire

810 acres in total.

Acres burned by large fires within 25 miles, cumulative 1992: 6671993: 2,0371994: 1,3681995: 9,2041996: 1,2931997: 1,8712001: 14,0692003: 3,8862004: 2,8372006: 5,4822007: 2,6632008: 1,7042009: 5,7082016: 6382018: 1,7372020: 5212021: 2,3412022: 2,4542024: 3,137 63,617 acres 198519901995200020052010201520202025
Running total of acres burned (line) and each year’s acres (bars).

Every large fire

Large wildfires since 1984
New Wales (53)202416.7810
New Wales202416.1607
Mills Rd202422.6632
Radar202422.31,088
New Wales (53)202214.5976
Cr640 (53)202212.41,478
Weeping Willow202122.21,700
Henry George Road20216.2641
Powerline640202012.9521
Ft Green Road (53)201822.31,737
Thatcher201617.5638
Unnamed200916.21,237
Vbs Command200915.0556
Thatcher Command200915.22,641
New Wales East200912.71,274
Unnamed200812.8511
Thatcher200816.4518
Unnamed200824.1675
Unnamed200720.0610
Unnamed200720.2653
Unnamed200724.7829
Kerry Tully200724.8571
Unnamed200621.51,259
29 Powell200619.7501
Unnamed200611.8928
Unnamed200620.71,132
Unnamed200615.7862
Unnamed200622.4800
Unnamed200422.41,210
Compressco Fire200422.4788
Unnamed200417.3839
Unnamed200312.53,886
Stagecoach Complex200122.914,069
Unnamed199720.71,041
Unnamed199723.3830
Unnamed199612.8601
Unnamed199616.7692
Unnamed199522.13,729
Unnamed199519.85,475
Unnamed199418.81,368
Unnamed199324.32,037
Unnamed199214.5667
  1. Large fires mapped by the Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity program since 1984: 1,000 acres or more in the West, 500 or more in the East. Prescribed burns are excluded. Acres here are the part of each perimeter inside this place.

Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity (USGS and U.S. Forest Service), 1984 to 2026.

Smoke overhead

Smokiest year

2023: 12 days

Heavy smoke on 1 day in 2023, the most of any year.

Last 10 years

2.6 days a year

Medium or heavy smoke, 2016 to 2025.

2025

0 days

Medium or heavy smoke. 3 so far in 2026.

Days with medium or heavy smoke overhead, by year 2011: 9 2012: 0 2013: 0 2014: 0 2015: 1 2016: 1 2017: 0 2018: 1 2019: 0 2020: 0 2021: 2 2022: 9 2023: 12 12 2024: 1 2025: 0 201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022202320242025
Days each year on which a satellite-traced plume of medium or heavy smoke covered the city centre, 2011 to 2025.
  1. A smoke day is a date on which a smoke plume traced by NOAA Hazard Mapping System analysts from satellite imagery covered this place's point (the county's population centre or the city centre). Counts here are of medium or heavy smoke. Since 2018 analysts have often drawn light smoke as one area over most of the continent, so light-smoke counts are not comparable from year to year. The plumes show smoke anywhere in the air above, not air quality at the ground, and smoke hidden by cloud is missed.

NOAA Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, 2011 to 2026, retrieved October 30, 2026.

Floods and flood insurance

18,556 federal flood insurance claims since 1978, with $1.2 billion paid.

Flood insurance figures are for Hillsborough County, the county that contains Plant City.

Federal flood insurance claims by year 1978: 7 1979: 316 1980: 10 1981: 35 1982: 402 1983: 43 1984: 8 1985: 1,268 1986: 8 1987: 49 1988: 422 1989: 22 1990: 8 1991: 32 1992: 22 1993: 426 1994: 36 1995: 77 1996: 726 1997: 361 1998: 179 1999: 15 2000: 91 2001: 141 2002: 88 2003: 75 2004: 821 2005: 26 2006: 68 2007: 21 2008: 29 2009: 66 2010: 31 2011: 71 2012: 222 2013: 33 2014: 66 2015: 675 2016: 98 2017: 357 2018: 43 2019: 48 2020: 200 2021: 67 2022: 112 2023: 324 2024: 10,269 10,269 2025: 31 2026: 11 1978198319881993199820032008201320182023
Claims per year since 1978. Years with fewer than five claims are not shown.

Most claims in one year

2024: 10,269 claims

$1.1 billion paid.

2nd most

1985: 1,268 claims

$12.8 million paid.

3rd most

2004: 821 claims

$12.3 million paid.

Claims by ZIP code

Flood insurance claims by ZIP code
336152,691$227 million
336292,620$193 million
336111,856$102 million
336061,496$142 million
335701,172$49.9 million
336091,003$69.5 million
33572981$86.7 million
33634657$61.5 million
33616630$22.9 million
33619398$15.5 million
33578319$12.2 million
33612295$29.6 million
33534287$13.0 million
33624234$15.2 million
33607224$15.3 million
33635216$4.4 million
33614216$8.8 million
33605196$9.0 million
33569194$5.8 million
33596193$6.6 million
33618169$4.0 million
33604167$7.3 million
33511163$6.0 million
33603141$10.0 million
33563138$9.9 million
33617135$1.2 million
33565129$3.4 million
33556129$2.2 million
33602127$7.9 million
33613107$5.1 million
33584107$8.1 million
3362693$1.5 million
3362189$274,000
3354988$656,000
3352779$4.6 million
3354878$1.7 million
3362575$1.9 million
3364770$905,000
3356764$2.1 million
3351052$1.0 million
3357350$145,000
3361049$1.2 million
3355848$331,000
3356648$4.1 million
3359447$940,000
3357940$533,000
3359233$1.2 million
3356827$137,000
3354722$318,000
14$29,000
3359813$491,000
3363711$353,000
3360110$167,000
3359510$51,000
336238$10,000

Flood events since 1996

  • Flood84
  • Heavy Rain39
  • Flash Flood11
  • Coastal Flood1

1 death recorded in flood events since 1996.

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026. NOAA Storm Events through 2026.

River crests

River gauges in Hillsborough County, the county that contains Plant City.

Most severe crest

September 7, 1933

Alafia River at Lithia Pinecrest Road at Lithia, 28.50 ft

15.50 feet above the 13.0 ft flood stage; major flooding by today’s categories.

Most recent moderate or major crest

October 11, 2024

Alafia River at Lithia Pinecrest Road at Lithia, 24.36 ft

Major flooding.

Highest river crests above flood stage
Sep 7, 1933Alafia River at Lithia Pinecrest Road at Lithia28.50+15.50Major
Oct 11, 2024Alafia River at Lithia Pinecrest Road at Lithia24.36+11.36Major
Sep 12, 1960Alafia River at Lithia Pinecrest Road at Lithia23.98+10.98Major
Sep 20, 1947Alafia River at Lithia Pinecrest Road at Lithia23.24+10.24Major
Jul 31, 1960Alafia River at Lithia Pinecrest Road at Lithia22.83+9.83Major
Sep 12, 2017Alafia River at Lithia Pinecrest Road at Lithia22.79+9.79Major
Sep 7, 2004Alafia River at Lithia Pinecrest Road at Lithia22.33+9.33Major
Aug 29, 1949Alafia River at Lithia Pinecrest Road at Lithia22.14+9.14Major
Sep 8, 1988Little Manatee River near Wimauma at US 30120.14+9.14Major
Sep 15, 2001Little Manatee River near Wimauma at US 30119.93+8.93Major
Sep 11, 1960Little Manatee River near Wimauma at US 30119.76+8.76Major
Sep 8, 1988Alafia River at Lithia Pinecrest Road at Lithia21.71+8.71Major
Aug 6, 2024Little Manatee River near Wimauma at US 30119.47+8.47Major
Sep 21, 1962Little Manatee River near Wimauma at US 30118.79+7.79Major
Mar 20, 1998Little Manatee River near Wimauma at US 30118.70+7.70Major
Sep 5, 1935Alafia River at Lithia Pinecrest Road at Lithia20.52+7.52Major
Jun 27, 1992Little Manatee River near Wimauma at US 30118.31+7.31Major
Aug 7, 2024Alafia River at Lithia Pinecrest Road at Lithia20.17+7.17Major
Oct 11, 2024Hillsborough River near Zephyrhills at State Park17.14+7.14Major
Mar 18, 1960Alafia River at Lithia Pinecrest Road at Lithia20.06+7.06Major
Mar 21, 1959Alafia River at Lithia Pinecrest Road at Lithia19.91+6.91Major
Sep 17, 1959Little Manatee River near Wimauma at US 30117.85+6.85Major
Oct 17, 1938Alafia River at Lithia Pinecrest Road at Lithia19.71+6.71Major
Jul 26, 1945Alafia River at Lithia Pinecrest Road at Lithia19.69+6.69Major
Sep 12, 2017Little Manatee River near Wimauma at US 30117.69+6.69Major

River gauges

River gauges and their highest listed crests
Alafia River at Lithia Pinecrest Road at Lithia13.028.50 ftSep 7, 193322
Alafia River at US 301 Riverview4.29.37 ftSep 27, 20245
Bay Dock Rocky Creek (In MHHW)2.0——0
Courtney Campbell Sunset Point (in MHHW)3.0——0
Double Branch Bay (In MHHW)3.5——0
Hillsborough River at Fowler Avenue29.034.67 ftSep 9, 19331
Hillsborough River at Morris Bridge32.034.66 ftSep 14, 20170
Hillsborough River at Platt St at Tampa (in MHHW)2.5——0
Hillsborough River near Zephyrhills at State Park10.017.14 ftOct 11, 20245
Little Manatee River near Wimauma at US 30111.020.14 ftSep 8, 198817
Tampa Bay at Rocky Point (in MHHW)2.0——0
Tide Gauge at Bullfrog Creek (In MHHW)2.0——0
Tide Gauge at East Bay (In MHHW)2.77.20 ftSep 27, 20241
Tide Gauge at Gibsonton (in MHHW)2.07.21 ftSep 27, 20242
Tide Gauge at McKay Bay Entrance (in MHHW)2.74.31 ftOct 8, 19960
Tide Gauge at Old Port Tampa (in MHHW)2.76.86 ftSep 27, 20241
Tide Gauge at Selfors Inlet and Preserve3.0——0
Tide Gauge at Sweetwater Creek2.0——0
Upper Tampa Bay Park (In MHHW)2.5——0
  1. Crests are the highest and the recent crests the National Weather Service lists for each river gauge in the county that has a flood stage, not every flood. Flood categories use each gauge's current flood stages; crests from before levees, dams or channel changes may not be comparable. Crests measured on an old datum are left out of the rankings.

NOAA National Water Prediction Service gauge records, retrieved October 30, 2026.

High tide flooding

Tide gauges in Hillsborough County.

Most in one year, Old Port Tampa

7 days

May 2024 to April 2025.

Last ten years

3.7 days a year

At Old Port Tampa, 2016–26.

Moderate or major

13 days

Since 1999, 2 of them major.

High tide flooding days per year at Old Port Tampa 1999: 0 2000: 2 2002: 0 2003: 0 2005: 2 2006: 2 2007: 1 2008: 3 2009: 1 2010: 0 2011: 1 2012: 3 2013: 1 2014: 0 2015: 3 2016: 6 2017: 4 2018: 5 2019: 3 2020: 2 2021: 1 2022: 3 2023: 6 2024: 7 7 2025: 0 199920112021
Days at or above NOAA’s minor high tide flooding threshold, each meteorological year (May to April) from 1920. Years with less than 80 percent of data are left out.
  1. High tide flooding days are days on which a NOAA tide gauge recorded water at or above NOAA's minor flood threshold, set from the gauge's tide range, counted by meteorological year (May to April). These are the counts in NOAA's annual high tide flooding reports; they are not National Weather Service flood stages. Years with less than 80 percent of data are left out.

NOAA CO-OPS high tide flooding counts, through April 2026, retrieved October 30, 2026.

Drought

In severe drought or worse for 115 of 1,581 months since 1895 (7%); the longest spell lasted 18 months.

The drought index is for Hillsborough County, the county that contains Plant City.

115

Months in severe drought or worse since 1895

27

Months in extreme drought

7%

Share of all months, severe or worse

Lowest reading

June 2026

−5.65, extreme drought

Longest severe spell

18 months

February 2000 to July 2001.

Latest month

September 2026

−4.76, extreme drought

Months in severe drought or worse, by year 1895: 0 1896: 0 1897: 0 1898: 1 1899: 0 1900: 0 1901: 0 1902: 0 1903: 0 1904: 0 1905: 0 1906: 0 1907: 4 1908: 0 1909: 0 1910: 0 1911: 0 1912: 0 1913: 0 1914: 0 1915: 0 1916: 0 1917: 0 1918: 0 1919: 0 1920: 0 1921: 0 1922: 0 1923: 0 1924: 0 1925: 0 1926: 0 1927: 3 1928: 3 1929: 0 1930: 0 1931: 1 1932: 8 1933: 0 1934: 0 1935: 1 1936: 0 1937: 0 1938: 0 1939: 0 1940: 0 1941: 0 1942: 0 1943: 0 1944: 0 1945: 2 1946: 0 1947: 0 1948: 0 1949: 5 1950: 0 1951: 0 1952: 0 1953: 0 1954: 0 1955: 0 1956: 0 1957: 0 1958: 0 1959: 0 1960: 0 1961: 3 1962: 2 1963: 0 1964: 0 1965: 0 1966: 0 1967: 0 1968: 0 1969: 0 1970: 3 1971: 4 1972: 0 1973: 0 1974: 0 1975: 3 1976: 0 1977: 0 1978: 0 1979: 0 1980: 0 1981: 0 1982: 0 1983: 0 1984: 0 1985: 4 1986: 0 1987: 0 1988: 0 1989: 0 1990: 3 1991: 3 1992: 1 1993: 0 1994: 0 1995: 0 1996: 0 1997: 2 1998: 0 1999: 8 2000: 11 11 2001: 7 2002: 0 2003: 0 2004: 0 2005: 0 2006: 0 2007: 3 2008: 3 2009: 3 2010: 1 2011: 0 2012: 3 2013: 0 2014: 0 2015: 0 2016: 0 2017: 2 2018: 0 2019: 0 2020: 0 2021: 0 2022: 0 2023: 4 2024: 1 2025: 4 18951905191519251935194519551965197519851995200520152025
Months each year with a Palmer index of −3 or lower, 1895 to 2025. Twelve means the whole year.
  1. The Palmer Drought Severity Index is computed by NOAA each month from the county's average temperature and precipitation, relative to the county's own climate. Zero is normal; -3 or lower is severe drought and -4 or lower extreme drought. It describes the long-term balance of moisture, not water supply or crop losses.

NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, 1895 to September 2026, issued October 6, 2026.

Earthquakes

No earthquake of magnitude 2.5 or more is recorded within 50 miles of the city centre in the USGS catalogue, which begins in 1900.

Severe weather and other events

1,357 events in the National Weather Service record for Hillsborough County, 985 of them since 1996.

149

Hail reports, 1 inch or larger

5

Hail, 2 inches or larger

184

Damaging gusts, 58 mph+

0

Winter weather events since 1996

2

Heat events since 1996

52

Cold events since 1996

Largest hail

April 24, 2023

3.00 inches

Strongest measured or estimated gust

June 22, 1960

102 mph

More event types since 1996

Other Storm Events types since 1996
Rip currents230May 31, 1999
High surf and sneaker waves100Dec 26, 2004
Storm surge and tide1500Oct 9, 2024
Lightning1081071Aug 20, 2023
Dust storms and dust devils300Mar 19, 2009
Dense fog and smoke5100Feb 2, 2004

Costliest events since 1996

  1. Aug 13, 2004Tropical Storm, Hillsborough$78.0 million
    National Weather Service narrative

    Hurricane Charley created tropical storm force winds that brushed the far eastern part of the county with a wind gust of 61 mph recorded in Plant City. Damage was light and was limited to Plant City and areas to the south. The damage included downed trees and branches, sporadic power outages due to downed lines, and homes with fascia ripped off. Protective measures by the county before the storm totaled $425,000. The estimated damage was calculated by doubling the insured losses. The doubling accounted for uninsured losses and damage to the public infrastructure.

  2. Sep 28, 2022Tropical Storm, Coastal Hillsborough$59.0 million
    National Weather Service narrative

    The highest wind reported in Hillsborough County from Hurricane Ian was a gust to 75 mph at Tampa International Airport at 5:12 PM EST on September 28, along with a gust to 88 mph measured over Tampa Bay. Rainfall generally ranged between 5 and 8 inches, with a maximum total of 5.45 inches near Sun City Center. The Little Manatee River near Wimauma reached its 10th highest level of 17.65 feet at 9:45 PM EST on September 29. Multiple record low water levels were set around Tampa Bay; East Bay established a new minimum of -5.67 feet below MLLW at 6:42 PM EST on September 28, surpassing the record set during Hurricane Irma in 2017, and Old Port Tampa���s minimum of at least…

  3. Sep 5, 2004Tropical Storm, Hillsborough$45.0 million
    National Weather Service narrative

    Hurricane Frances made landfall just after midnight on September 5th near Vero Beach as a Category 2 storm. The hurricane continued to move slowly west northwestward across central Florida to near Bartow by 2 pm, and just northeast of Tampa by 8 pm, when it was downgraded to a tropical storm. It then emerged back into the Gulf of Mexico near Hudson shortly before midnight. Hurricane Frances took almost 24 hours to move through the Florida peninsula. Frances continued northwestward through the northern gulf of Mexico, making a second landfall on the afternoon of September 6th in the Florida big bend near Tallahassee as a tropical storm. In Lee County the observation at Big Carlos…

  4. Sep 26, 2004Tropical Storm, Hillsborough$45.0 million
    National Weather Service narrative

    Hurricane Jeanne followed the nearly the same path across Florida as Hurricane Frances three weeks earlier and was the unprecedented fourth hurricane to damage Florida during the 2004 hurricane season. The hurricane moved ashore along the east coast of Florida near Stuart late on September 25th with an eye 30 to 40 miles across. Jeanne took a course north of Lake Okeechobee and decreased to a tropical storm in easter Polk County around 9 AM EDT on the 26th. The center of Jeanne curved north of Tampa Bay during the afternoon and traveled north along the coastal counties before exiting north through Levy County around 10 PM. In Hillsborough County the observation from the Vandenburg…

  5. Jan 9, 1996Frost/Freeze, Hillsborough$7.5 million
    National Weather Service narrative

    In Pasco county, temperatures as low as 22 degrees for up to six hours caused minor damage to the dormant citrus crop. However, the duration of temperatures below freezing caused an electrical overload at the Withlacoochee River Electric Co-op which eliminated service to nearly 4,500 customers from New Port Richey to Zephyrhills.In Hernando county, temperatures in the low 20's for up to eight hours caused an electric overload at the Withlacoochee River Electric Co-op which eliminated service to nearly 8,000 homeowners in Weeki Wachee and Timber Pines for two hours.In Hillsborough county, several tropical fish farms lost over 50 percent of their harvest due to temperatures in the…

  6. Sep 10, 2017Hurricane (Typhoon), Coastal Hillsborough$7.0 million
    National Weather Service narrative

    In coastal portions of Hillsborough County, the highest winds reported from Hurricane Irma was a gust to 79 knots at the WeatherFlow station XEGM at Egmont Key. Rainfall was generally around 5 inches or greater, with the highest rain total being 16.18 inches at the CWOP site D3252 in Tampa. The wind resulted in damage to numerous homes, as well as knocking over trees and power lines. Hillsborough County Emergency Management reported that 41 homes or businesses were destroyed, 130 sustained major damage, 166 had minor damage, and an additional 93 were affected by hurricane Irma throughout Hillsborough County. ||The track of Irma resulted in a much stronger negative surge north of…

  7. Sep 10, 2017Hurricane (Typhoon), Inland Hillsborough$7.0 million
    National Weather Service narrative

    In inland portions of Hillsborough County, winds from Hurricane Irma were estimated to be around 60-70 knots based on surrounding observations. Rainfall was generally around 6 inches or greater, with the highest rain total 7.62 inches at the COOP site PLCF1 in Plant City. The wind resulted in damage to numerous homes, as well as knocking over trees and power lines. Hillsborough County Emergency Management reported that 41 homes or businesses were destroyed, 130 sustained major damage, 166 had minor damage, and an additional 93 were affected by hurricane Irma throughout Hillsborough County. ||Heavy rains across the area also resulted in widespread river flooding, with rising water…

  8. Sep 26, 1997Flash Flood$5.3 million
    National Weather Service narrative

    Thirty hour rainfall totals of eight to fourteen inches caused flooding of roads, highways, homes, commercial buildings, low-lying areas and rivers over much of Pinellas and Hillsborough counties.The heaviest rainfall and subsequent flooding occurred over the cities of Gulfport, Pinellas Park and St. Petersburg in southern Pinellas county. In Hillsborough county, the heaviest rainfall and subsequent flooding occurred from Plant City and Brandon south to Ruskin and Sun City over eastern and southern portions of Hillsborough county.Damage in Hillsborough county from the flooding totalled $5.3 million dollars. Out of 205 homes damaged from the flooding, 55 sustained major damage for…

  9. Aug 1, 2015Flood$4.5 million
    National Weather Service narrative

    Multiple days of heavy rain caused widespread road closures across the Tampa area. Dozens of roads were flooded including the major thoroughfares of Armenia Avenue, Dale Mabry Highway, Gandy Boulevard, Westshore Boulevard, Veteran's Expressway, US 41, and State Road 60. The flooding resulted in 117 road cave-ins across Tampa, 99 homes and 66 business were impacted by the flooding in the City. 9 City of Tampa vehicles were damaged in the flooding. Additionally, a large tree was uprooted due to the saturated ground and fell on a car just west of Bayshore Boulevard on South Gandy Boulevard.||Further north across parts of Temple Terrace, including the University of South Florida,…

  10. Jan 10, 2010Frost/Freeze, Hillsborough$3.0 million
    National Weather Service narrative

    Hillsborough county had below freezing temperatures for 10 to 13 hours, with temperatures below 28 degrees for 4 to 8 hours. The ASOS station at the Tampa International Airport recorded a low of 25 degrees, breaking the previous low of 27 degrees set in 1982. The lowest temperature across the county of 19 degrees was recorded at the Tampa Executive Airport near Vandenburg, and a mesonet station in Valrico. The county has 44,661 acres of harvested farmland, which translates into approximately $5.28 million in crop damages. The Florida Aquaculture Industry suffered approximately $5.2 million in damages across the county. Excessive water pumping occurred at farms during this period…

  1. Storm Events records before 1996 cover only tornadoes, thunderstorm wind and hail. Damage figures are as reported by the National Weather Service at the time, not adjusted for inflation.

NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, 1950 to 2026, issued October 26, 2026.

Weather records

From Plant City, 1.4 miles from the city centre, with records from 1892.

All-time high
104°F8 times, most recently Aug 14, 2023
All-time low
15°FJan 27, 1905
Warmest night
85°FAug 28, 1998
Coldest day
37°FJan 19, 1977
Wettest day
9.70 inOct 10, 2024
Hottest year
2023mean 76.8°F
Coldest year
1930mean 69.2°F
Wettest year
195986.68 in
Driest year
196132.96 in
Average monthly high and low temperature and precipitation, last 30 years, Plant City 73° 49° 2.5 Jan 77° 53° 2.2 Feb 81° 56° 2.5 Mar 85° 61° 2.7 Apr 90° 67° 4.0 May 92° 72° 9.3 Jun 93° 74° 9.0 Jul 93° 74° 9.2 Aug 91° 73° 7.2 Sep 86° 66° 2.8 Oct 79° 58° 2.0 Nov 75° 53° 2.6 Dec Precipitation, inches
Average daily high and low by month, and average monthly precipitation, over the last 30 years.
Days reaching 95°F per year 1976: 0 1977: 13 1979: 3 1981: 52 1982: 12 1983: 30 1984: 17 1985: 22 1986: 10 1987: 14 1988: 5 1989: 18 1990: 8 1991: 8 1992: 9 1993: 15 1994: 0 1995: 11 1996: 7 1997: 6 1998: 20 1999: 1 2000: 11 2001: 10 2002: 8 2003: 2 2005: 12 2006: 5 2007: 12 2008: 2 2009: 15 2010: 23 2011: 24 2012: 3 2013: 6 2014: 1 2015: 16 2016: 33 2017: 91 2018: 61 2019: 63 2020: 87 2021: 63 2022: 95 2023: 113 2024: 131 131 2025: 74 19761988199820092019
Days reaching 95°F each complete year, last 50 years. Thirty-year average: 34.3.

Station Plant City (USC00087205), 109 ft elevation, 1.4 miles from the city centre. Daily records from 1892 to October 27, 2026; 96.9% of days in the last 30 years are complete. Records at a single station can differ from a city’s official threaded record, which may combine several stations.

NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily.

Federal disaster declarations

47 since 1953. The most recent: Hurricane Milton, October 11, 2024.

Declarations for Hillsborough County.

Federal disaster declarations
Oct 11, 2024HurricaneHurricane MiltonMajor disasterDR-4834-FL
Oct 7, 2024HurricaneHurricane MiltonEmergencyEM-3622-FL
Sep 28, 2024HurricaneHurricane HeleneMajor disasterDR-4828-FL
Sep 24, 2024Tropical StormTropical Storm HeleneEmergencyEM-3615-FL
Aug 10, 2024Tropical StormHurricane DebbyMajor disasterDR-4806-FL
Aug 3, 2024Tropical StormTropical Storm DebbyEmergencyEM-3605-FL
Aug 31, 2023HurricaneHurricane IdaliaMajor disasterDR-4734-FL
Aug 28, 2023Tropical StormTropical Storm IdaliaEmergencyEM-3596-FL
Dec 13, 2022HurricaneHurricane NicoleMajor disasterDR-4680-FL
Nov 8, 2022Tropical StormTropical Storm NicoleEmergencyEM-3587-FL
Sep 29, 2022HurricaneHurricane IanMajor disasterDR-4673-FL
Sep 24, 2022HurricaneTropical Storm IanEmergencyEM-3584-FL
Jul 4, 2021Severe StormTropical Storm ElsaEmergencyEM-3561-FL
Nov 11, 2020HurricaneHurricane EtaEmergencyEM-3551-FL
Mar 25, 2020BiologicalCovid-19 PandemicMajor disasterDR-4486-FL
Mar 13, 2020BiologicalCovid-19EmergencyEM-3432-FL
Aug 30, 2019HurricaneHurricane DorianEmergencyEM-3419-FL
Oct 9, 2018HurricaneHurricane MichaelEmergencyEM-3405-FL
Sep 10, 2017HurricaneHurricane IrmaMajor disasterDR-4337-FL
Sep 5, 2017HurricaneHurricane IrmaEmergencyEM-3385-FL
Sep 28, 2016HurricaneHurricane HermineMajor disasterDR-4280-FL
Jul 3, 2012Severe StormTropical Storm DebbyMajor disasterDR-4068-FL
Aug 21, 2008Severe StormTropical Storm FayEmergencyEM-3288-FL
Sep 5, 2005HurricaneHurricane Katrina EvacuationEmergencyEM-3220-FL
Sep 26, 2004HurricaneHurricane JeanneMajor disasterDR-1561-FL
Sep 4, 2004HurricaneHurricane FrancesMajor disasterDR-1545-FL
Aug 13, 2004HurricaneTropical Storm Bonnie and Hurricane CharleyMajor disasterDR-1539-FL
Mar 18, 2001FireFl - Lakeland Complex FireFire managementFM-2353-FL
Feb 5, 2001FreezingSevere FreezeMajor disasterDR-1359-FL
May 20, 2000FireLakeland District FireFire managementFM-2300-FL
Oct 15, 1999HurricaneTropical Storm Irene - FloridaEmergencyEM-3150-FL
Apr 27, 1999FireFl-Fires 04/15/99EmergencyEM-3139-FL
Apr 21, 1999FireFl-Fires 04/13/99Fire managementFM-2259-FL
Sep 25, 1998HurricaneHurricane GrorgesEmergencyEM-3131-FL
Jun 18, 1998FireExtreme Fire HazardMajor disasterDR-1223-FL
Jan 6, 1998Severe StormSevere Storms, High Winds, Tornadoes, and FloodingMajor disasterDR-1195-FL
Oct 15, 1996Severe StormTropical Storm JosephineMajor disasterDR-1141-FL
Mar 13, 1993TornadoTornadoes, Flooding, High Winds & Tides, FreezingMajor disasterDR-982-FL
Oct 8, 1992Severe StormSevere Storms, Tornadoes & FloodingMajor disasterDR-966-FL
Jan 15, 1990FreezingSevere FreezeMajor disasterDR-851-FL
Sep 12, 1985HurricaneHurricane ElenaMajor disasterDR-743-FL
Mar 18, 1985FreezingSevere FreezeMajor disasterDR-732-FL
Sep 29, 1979FloodSevere Storms & FloodingMajor disasterDR-607-FL
May 15, 1979Severe StormSevere Storms, Tornadoes & FloodingMajor disasterDR-586-FL
Jan 31, 1977FreezingSevere Winter WeatherMajor disasterDR-526-FL
Jun 23, 1972Coastal StormTropical Storm AgnesMajor disasterDR-337-FL
Nov 7, 1968HurricaneHurricane GladysMajor disasterDR-252-FL

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries, retrieved October 30, 2026. Statewide declarations are not listed.

Sources and vintage

Every number on this page comes from these public records.

  • Tornadoes NOAA Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, through 2025.
  • Tropical cyclones NOAA National Hurricane Center HURDAT2 (Atlantic; Northeast and Central Pacific), through 2025.
  • Wildfire USGS/USFS Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity, through 2026.
  • Storm events NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, through 2026.
  • Flood insurance OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026.
  • Declarations OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries v2, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Weather records NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily, station USC00087205.
  • River crests NOAA National Weather Service, National Water Prediction Service river gauges, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Tide gauges NOAA CO-OPS high tide flooding counts, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Drought NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, through September 2026.
  • Smoke NOAA NESDIS Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Earthquakes USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog (ComCat), retrieved October 30, 2026.

Joins, thresholds and known limits are set out in the methodology. Found an error? Report it. Page built October 30, 2026.