Grant County

Population 18,756 (2025) 632 sq mi

Grant County has recorded 27 tornadoes since 1950, 41st most of 75 counties in Arkansas; the most recent was on April 30, 2022.

Hazard fingerprint for Grant County Tornado: 55th percentile. Tropical: 42th percentile. Wildfire: 0th percentile. Flood: 52th percentile. Hail & wind: 40th percentile. Heat: 53th percentile. Cold: 39th percentile. Winter: 40th percentile. TORTROPFIREFLOODSEVEREHEATCOLDWINTER

Hazard fingerprint Each spoke is this county’s percentile among U.S. counties where that hazard occurs. How it is computed

2026
  • Tornado damage paths since 195027
  • Tropical cyclone tracks within 100 miles since 1851, wider where stronger12

At a glance

The record for Grant County in eight numbers. Each links to its section below.

Tornadoes since 1950

27

41st of 75 in Arkansas

About as many as the typical Arkansas county

Details

Flood insurance claims

16

56th of 75 in Arkansas

$145,000 paid since 2007

Details

Tropical cyclones within 50 mi

7

8th of 75 in Arkansas

None at hurricane strength since 1851

Details

Strongest tornado

F3

January 21, 1999, 11.0 mile path

Strongest tropical cyclone

TS

Tropical storm (unnamed), 1909, 47.3 miles away

Federal disaster declarations

19

Most recent: Severe Winter Storm, 2026

Details

Record high

108°F

Reached 3 times, most recently July 31, 2012

Details

Record low

−8°F

December 23, 1989

Details

Tornadoes

About one every 2.8 years since 1950, 2 of them rated F3/EF3 or stronger.

Strongest

January 21, 1999

F3, 11.0 mile path

400 yards wide.

Deadliest

May 2, 2008

1 killed, EF2

3 injured along the whole path.

Most recent

Saturday, April 30, 2022

EF0, 0.3 mile path

4 years ago.

Tornadoes by decade Doppler radar era² 1950s: 1 1 1960s: 2 2 1970s: 3 3 1980s: 2 2 1990s: 4 4 2000s: 9 9 2010s: 5 5 2020s: 1 1 1950s1960s1970s1980s1990s2000s2010s2020s
Recorded tornadoes per decade. The 2020s are incomplete.
Tornadoes by month J: 3 F: 2 M: 2 A: 7 7 M: 7 J: 0 J: 0 A: 0 S: 0 O: 2 N: 1 D: 3 JFMAMJJASOND
By month of occurrence, all years.

Every recorded tornado

Tornadoes in Grant County since 1950
Apr 30, 2022EF00.35000
Dec 17, 2016EF10.510000
May 30, 2013EF10.420001
Dec 20, 2012EF10.620010
Apr 30, 2010EF218.055080
Apr 30, 2010EF12.87500
Oct 29, 2009EF10.67500
Oct 29, 2009EF11.620000
May 2, 2008EF222.920000
May 2, 2008EF240.730031
Apr 10, 2008EF115.117500
Nov 1, 2004F06.010000
May 16, 2003F225.850000
May 16, 2003F116.010000
May 7, 2003F127.215000
Mar 5, 1999F112.010000
Jan 22, 1999F13.010000
Jan 21, 1999F311.040000
Feb 2, 1990F00.55000
Dec 3, 1982F26.06000
Apr 25, 1982F10.11000
Apr 1, 1979F00.12700
May 12, 1978F00.32700
Jan 7, 1978F135.05000
Apr 12, 1966F34.51020
Mar 12, 1961F19.233300
Feb 12, 1950F20.110000
  1. Injuries and deaths are for the tornado’s whole path, which may extend beyond the county. Deaths recorded within Grant County: 1.
  2. Weak tornadoes were under-recorded before Doppler radar coverage became national in the early 1990s, so earlier decades read low. Ratings use the Fujita scale before February 2007 and the Enhanced Fujita scale after.

Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, 1950 to 2025.

Hurricanes and tropical storms

7 passed within 50 miles since 1851; none at hurricane strength.

Strongest within 50 miles

September 21, 1909

Unnamed storm, Tropical storm

47.3 miles at closest approach, winds near 55 mph.

Most recent

August 28, 2020

Laura, Tropical storm

0.0 miles at closest approach.

Tropical cyclones within 50 miles by decade 50s: 0 60s: 1 70s: 1 80s: 0 90s: 1 00s: 2 2 10s: 0 20s: 0 30s: 0 40s: 1 50s: 0 60s: 0 70s: 0 80s: 0 90s: 0 00s: 0 10s: 0 20s: 1 50s60s70s80s90s00s10s20s30s40s50s60s70s80s90s00s10s20s
Storms within 50 miles, by decade. Records before about 1900 miss storms that never reached land or ships.

Every storm within 100 miles

Tropical cyclones within 100 miles
Laura20200.0Tropical storm40Category 4
Ike200886.4Tropical storm40Category 4
Audrey195779.4Tropical storm46Category 3
Unnamed19410.0Tropical storm40Category 3
Unnamed192353.6Tropical storm52Category 1
Unnamed190947.3Tropical storm55Category 3
Unnamed19050.0Tropical storm39Tropical storm
Unnamed189120.7Tropical storm39Category 1
Unnamed188898.1Tropical storm68Category 3
Unnamed188666.8Tropical storm40Category 3
Unnamed18790.0Tropical storm46Category 2
Unnamed186521.1Tropical storm46Category 2
  1. Tropical storms and hurricanes (34 kt or more, still tropical) at closest approach. Post-tropical remnants with gale-force winds are listed but not counted. Direct: track within 50 miles; near: within 100 miles. Distance is measured to the county boundary for counties and to the city centre for cities, using positions interpolated hourly between HURDAT2 fixes.

National Hurricane Center HURDAT2, 1851 to 2025.

Wildfire and smoke

No large wildfire has been mapped here since satellite mapping began in 1984.

Smoke overhead

Smokiest year

2023: 59 days

Heavy smoke on 8 days in 2021, the most of any year.

Last 10 years

16.9 days a year

Medium or heavy smoke, 2016 to 2025.

2025

12 days

Medium or heavy smoke. 32 so far in 2026.

Days with medium or heavy smoke overhead, by year 2011: 10 2012: 11 2013: 10 2014: 5 2015: 6 2016: 1 2017: 4 2018: 4 2019: 3 2020: 7 2021: 30 2022: 30 2023: 59 59 2024: 19 2025: 12 201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022202320242025
Days each year on which a satellite-traced plume of medium or heavy smoke covered the county’s population centre, 2011 to 2025.
  1. A smoke day is a date on which a smoke plume traced by NOAA Hazard Mapping System analysts from satellite imagery covered this place's point (the county's population centre or the city centre). Counts here are of medium or heavy smoke. Since 2018 analysts have often drawn light smoke as one area over most of the continent, so light-smoke counts are not comparable from year to year. The plumes show smoke anywhere in the air above, not air quality at the ground, and smoke hidden by cloud is missed.

NOAA Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, 2011 to 2026, retrieved October 30, 2026.

Floods and flood insurance

16 federal flood insurance claims since 2007, with $145,000 paid.

Federal flood insurance claims by year 2009: 6 6 2009
Claims per year since 2007. Years with fewer than five claims are not shown.

Most claims in one year

2009: 6 claims

$34,000 paid.

Claims by ZIP code

Flood insurance claims by ZIP code
7215010$93,000

Flood events since 1996

  • Flash Flood37
  • Heavy Rain10
  • Flood7

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026. NOAA Storm Events through 2026.

Drought

In severe drought or worse for 91 of 1,581 months since 1895 (6%); the longest spell lasted 14 months.

91

Months in severe drought or worse since 1895

19

Months in extreme drought

6%

Share of all months, severe or worse

17

Drought reports to the Weather Service since 1996

Lowest reading

September 1954

−5.19, extreme drought

Longest severe spell

14 months

March 1954 to April 1955.

Latest month

September 2026

−3.91, severe drought

Months in severe drought or worse, by year 1895: 0 1896: 4 1897: 4 1898: 0 1899: 0 1900: 0 1901: 2 1902: 0 1903: 0 1904: 0 1905: 0 1906: 0 1907: 0 1908: 0 1909: 0 1910: 0 1911: 0 1912: 0 1913: 0 1914: 0 1915: 0 1916: 0 1917: 0 1918: 5 1919: 0 1920: 0 1921: 0 1922: 0 1923: 0 1924: 0 1925: 8 1926: 0 1927: 0 1928: 0 1929: 0 1930: 0 1931: 0 1932: 0 1933: 0 1934: 1 1935: 0 1936: 7 1937: 0 1938: 0 1939: 0 1940: 0 1941: 0 1942: 0 1943: 5 1944: 2 1945: 0 1946: 0 1947: 0 1948: 0 1949: 0 1950: 0 1951: 0 1952: 0 1953: 2 1954: 10 10 1955: 5 1956: 2 1957: 0 1958: 0 1959: 0 1960: 0 1961: 0 1962: 0 1963: 3 1964: 2 1965: 0 1966: 0 1967: 0 1968: 0 1969: 0 1970: 0 1971: 0 1972: 1 1973: 0 1974: 0 1975: 0 1976: 0 1977: 0 1978: 0 1979: 0 1980: 0 1981: 0 1982: 0 1983: 0 1984: 0 1985: 0 1986: 0 1987: 0 1988: 0 1989: 0 1990: 0 1991: 0 1992: 0 1993: 0 1994: 0 1995: 0 1996: 3 1997: 0 1998: 0 1999: 0 2000: 5 2001: 0 2002: 0 2003: 0 2004: 0 2005: 1 2006: 8 2007: 0 2008: 0 2009: 0 2010: 2 2011: 3 2012: 1 2013: 0 2014: 0 2015: 0 2016: 0 2017: 0 2018: 0 2019: 0 2020: 0 2021: 0 2022: 0 2023: 0 2024: 0 2025: 0 18951905191519251935194519551965197519851995200520152025
Months each year with a Palmer index of −3 or lower, 1895 to 2025. Twelve means the whole year.
  1. The Palmer Drought Severity Index is computed by NOAA each month from the county's average temperature and precipitation, relative to the county's own climate. Zero is normal; -3 or lower is severe drought and -4 or lower extreme drought. It describes the long-term balance of moisture, not water supply or crop losses.

NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, 1895 to September 2026, issued October 6, 2026.

Earthquakes

4 earthquakes of magnitude 4 or more within 50 miles since 1900; the largest was magnitude 4.3 in 1969.

3

Magnitude 2.5+ inside the county since 1973

26

Magnitude 3+ within 50 miles since 1973

4

Magnitude 4+ within 50 miles since 1900

0

Magnitude 5+ within 50 miles since 1900

Largest within 50 miles

January 1, 1969

Magnitude 4.3

4 km S of Houston, Arkansas; 37.4 miles away, 4.3 miles deep.

Most recent, magnitude 3 or more

August 3, 2001

Magnitude 3.2

16 km SW of Lake Hamilton, Arkansas; 33.0 miles away.

Earthquakes of magnitude 3 or more within 50 miles, by year 1973: 0 1974: 4 1975: 0 1976: 0 1977: 1 1978: 1 1979: 0 1980: 0 1981: 0 1982: 13 13 1983: 1 1984: 1 1985: 1 1986: 1 1987: 0 1988: 1 1989: 0 1990: 0 1991: 0 1992: 0 1993: 0 1994: 0 1995: 0 1996: 0 1997: 1 1998: 0 1999: 0 2000: 0 2001: 1 2002: 0 2003: 0 2004: 0 2005: 0 2006: 0 2007: 0 2008: 0 2009: 0 2010: 0 2011: 0 2012: 0 2013: 0 2014: 0 2015: 0 2016: 0 2017: 0 2018: 0 2019: 0 2020: 0 2021: 0 2022: 0 2023: 0 2024: 0 2025: 0 19731978198319881993199820032008201320182023
Per year, 1973 to 2025.

Every earthquake of magnitude 4 or more within 50 miles

Earthquakes of magnitude 4 or more within 50 miles
Feb 28, 19824.149.23.73 km SSE of Mount Vernon, Arkansas
Jan 20, 19824.247.52.52 km ENE of Holland, Arkansas
Jan 1, 19694.337.44.34 km S of Houston, Arkansas
Mar 31, 19114.318.2—South of Rison, Arkansas
  1. Earthquakes of magnitude 2.5 or more in the USGS Comprehensive Catalog since 1900. Within 50 miles means the epicentre lies within 50 miles of the county boundary (or inside the county).
  2. Small earthquakes were under-recorded before the modern seismic networks of the 1970s and are still missed in remote areas, so early decades read low. Magnitudes are as the catalogue reports them and mix scales (moment, local and body-wave).

USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog, 1900 to present, retrieved October 30, 2026.

Severe weather and other events

486 events in the National Weather Service record, 399 of them since 1996.

68

Hail reports, 1 inch or larger

4

Hail, 2 inches or larger

144

Damaging gusts, 58 mph+

55

Winter weather events since 1996

10

Heat events since 1996

7

Cold events since 1996

Largest hail

January 21, 1999

4.00 inches

Strongest measured or estimated gust

October 2, 2014

85 mph

More event types since 1996

Other Storm Events types since 1996
Lightning300May 17, 2025

Costliest events since 1996

  1. May 2, 2008Tornado$3.5 million
    National Weather Service narrative

    This tornado exited Dallas County, north-northeast of Carthage, and moved into Grant County, south-southeast of Leola. About 10 residences (houses and mobile homes) were destroyed, nine had major damage, and approximately 35 had minor damage. Several barns and outbuildings were destroyed. One church also suffered damage. The majority of the damage was in the area around the Crossroads community. There was extensive timber damage. One major power transmission line was knocked down, as were a number of other power lines and poles.

  2. May 2, 2008Tornado$1.5 million
    National Weather Service narrative

    The tornado destroyed three mobile homes and caused major damage to a house. There was extensive damage to timber, both hardwoods and softwoods. Two large, steel, electrical transmission towers were knocked down. The tornado exited Grant County, northeast of Ico, and entered Saline County, south-southeast of East End.

  3. Sep 2, 2008Tropical Depression, Grant$875,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Trees were down on two homes in Sheridan. A tree fell on a power line outside of the post office.

  4. Sep 13, 2008Tropical Storm, Grant$750,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Tropical Storm Ike moved into Arkansas on the evening of the 13th. By mid evening of the 13th, Ike was located in western Arkansas. Ike weakened to a tropical depression during the wee hours of the 14th, when it was located about 105 miles west-northwest of Little Rock. Ike exited northern Arkansas before sunrise on the 14th. In the Little Rock County Warning Area, wind gusts of 35 to 45 mph were common, and some gusts in the northern part of the state exceeded 50 mph. The strongest gusts measured were 67 mph at the Izard County Fairgrounds in Melbourne and 61 mph at the Newport airport. The strongest sustained wind measured was 46 mph at the Newport airport. Power was knocked out…

  5. May 6, 2009Flash Flood$600,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    A number of county roads and state highways across the area were flooded. Several businesses in Sheridan and a skating rink outside of town suffered flood damage.

  6. Dec 24, 2009Flood$500,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Flash flooding, which developed early on the morning of the 24th, became widespread areal flooding later in the morning on the 24th and continued into Christmas morning. Arkansas Highway 229 was closed south of Poyen.

  7. Aug 30, 2012Tropical Depression, Grant$500,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Although Isaac was a hurricane in the Gulf of Mexico, it had weakened to a tropical depression by the time it reached Arkansas. Isaac passed through western Arkansas on the evening of the 30th and during the day on the 31st. Positions from the National Hurricane Center and the Hydrometeorological Prediction Center: August 30th at 10 PM (CDT) 95 miles south-southwest of Little Rock, August 31st at 4 AM 95 miles west of Little Rock, August 31st at 10 AM 25 miles northeast of Fort Smith, and August 31st at 4 PM 40 miles east of Joplin, Missouri. Although Isaac had exited Arkansas by the end of the month, some effects, including bands of thunderstorms spiraling in toward its center,…

  8. Dec 24, 2009Flash Flood$500,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Heavy rain resulted in the development of flash flooding early on the morning of the 24th.

  9. Dec 25, 2012Winter Storm, Grant$500,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Cooperative observers measured 6 inches of snow at Sheridan and 4 inches at Leola.

  10. Oct 2, 2014Thunderstorm Wind$400,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Winds up to 85 mph blew through the Sheridan area. Numerous trees and power lines were blown down. Approximately 30 structures were damaged, three of which had major damage. Much of the structural damage was due to falling trees. An automated weather station, belonging to the Arkansas Forestry Commission, recorded a wind gust of 76 mph at the Sheridan airport. Numerous trees were blown down in other sections of Grant County.

  1. Storm Events records before 1996 cover only tornadoes, thunderstorm wind and hail. Damage figures are as reported by the National Weather Service at the time, not adjusted for inflation.

NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, 1950 to 2026, issued October 26, 2026.

Weather records

From Sheridan, 1.2 miles from the county’s population centre, with records from 1977.

All-time high
108°F3 times, most recently Jul 31, 2012
All-time low
−8°FDec 23, 1989
Warmest night
82°F5 times, most recently Aug 1, 2012
Coldest day
11°FDec 25, 1983
Wettest day
8.08 inApr 5, 1997
Snowiest day
13.0 inFeb 18, 2021
Hottest year
2012mean 64.8°F
Coldest year
2014mean 59.2°F
Wettest year
200980.91 in
Driest year
200534.17 in
Snowiest season
19.0 in2020-21
Average monthly high and low temperature and precipitation, last 30 years, Sheridan 32°F 52° 29° 3.5 Jan 57° 33° 4.5 Feb 66° 41° 6.1 Mar 75° 49° 6.1 Apr 82° 59° 6.0 May 89° 67° 4.1 Jun 93° 71° 4.1 Jul 92° 70° 2.8 Aug 87° 62° 3.1 Sep 76° 50° 4.2 Oct 64° 39° 4.1 Nov 55° 33° 4.5 Dec Precipitation, inches
Average daily high and low by month, and average monthly precipitation, over the last 30 years.
Days reaching 95°F per year 1978: 46 1979: 3 1980: 84 84 1981: 16 1982: 14 1984: 16 1985: 31 1986: 26 1987: 37 1988: 35 1989: 12 1990: 40 1991: 19 1992: 2 1993: 56 1994: 4 1995: 43 1996: 9 1997: 27 1998: 64 1999: 42 2000: 54 2001: 21 2002: 19 2003: 17 2004: 5 2005: 37 2007: 24 2008: 19 2009: 18 2010: 62 2011: 61 2012: 57 2013: 29 2014: 7 2015: 38 2016: 24 2017: 9 2018: 37 2019: 30 2020: 12 2021: 26 2023: 40 2024: 32 19781989199920102020
Days reaching 95°F each complete year, last 50 years. Thirty-year average: 30.8.
Snowfall by winter 1977: 10.8 in 1978: 3.7 in 1979: 1.9 in 1981: 7.3 in 1982: 0.0 in 1985: 1.5 in 1986: 2.0 in 1987: 15.0 in 1988: 1.2 in 1989: 0.2 in 1990: 0.8 in 1991: 3.0 in 1992: 0.0 in 1994: 0.0 in 1995: 4.0 in 1996: 4.0 in 1997: 0.0 in 1998: 0.0 in 1999: 10.3 in 2000: 1.8 in 2001: 0.3 in 2002: 6.0 in 2003: 0.0 in 2004: 0.0 in 2005: 0.0 in 2006: 1.0 in 2007: 4.0 in 2008: 0.0 in 2009: 3.1 in 2014: 10.5 in 2015: 5.0 in 2017: 4.0 in 2018: 0.5 in 2019: 0.0 in 2020: 19.0 in 19.0 2021: 3.9 in 2022: 0.0 in 2023: 2.5 in 2024: 5.2 in 2025: 6.0 in 1977199020012015
Total snowfall each winter (July to June), last 50 winters.

Median first snow

January 16

Earliest: November 14, 2018

Median last snow

February 7

Latest: March 12, 2022

11 of 40 winters had no measurable snow.

Station Sheridan (USC00036562), 247 ft elevation, 1.2 miles from the population centre. Daily records from 1977 to October 27, 2026; 95.9% of days in the last 30 years are complete. Records at a single station can differ from a city’s official threaded record, which may combine several stations.

NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily.

Federal disaster declarations

19 since 1953. The most recent: Severe Winter Storm, January 24, 2026.

Federal disaster declarations
Jan 24, 2026Winter StormSevere Winter StormEmergencyEM-3636-AR
Apr 5, 2025Severe StormSevere Storms, Tornadoes, and FloodingEmergencyEM-3627-AR
Apr 4, 2023Winter StormSevere Winter StormMajor disasterDR-4700-AR
Aug 27, 2020HurricaneHurricane LauraEmergencyEM-3541-AR
Jul 10, 2020TornadoSevere Storms and Straight-Line WindsMajor disasterDR-4556-AR
Apr 3, 2020BiologicalCovid-19 PandemicMajor disasterDR-4518-AR
Mar 13, 2020BiologicalCovid-19EmergencyEM-3461-AR
Jan 29, 2013Severe Ice StormSevere Winter StormMajor disasterDR-4100-AR
Feb 4, 2010Severe StormSevere Storms and FloodingMajor disasterDR-1872-AR
Dec 3, 2009Severe StormSevere Storms, Tornadoes, and FloodingMajor disasterDR-1861-AR
Jun 16, 2009Severe StormSevere Storms, Tornadoes, and FloodingMajor disasterDR-1845-AR
Sep 18, 2008HurricaneSevere Storms and Flooding Associated With Hurricane GustavMajor disasterDR-1793-AR
May 20, 2008Severe StormSevere Storms, Flooding, and TornadoesMajor disasterDR-1758-AR
Sep 2, 2005HurricaneHurricane Katrina EvacuationEmergencyEM-3215-AR
Dec 29, 2000Severe Ice StormSevere Winter Ice StormMajor disasterDR-1354-AR
Dec 28, 2000Severe Ice StormSevere Winter Ice StormEmergencyEM-3159-AR
Jan 23, 1999Severe StormAr Severe Weather 1-21-99Major disasterDR-1266-AR
Apr 14, 1997FloodFlooding, Severe StormsMajor disasterDR-1176-AR
May 29, 1968TornadoTornadoes, Severe Storms & FloodingMajor disasterDR-239-AR

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries, retrieved October 30, 2026. Statewide declarations are not listed.

How this compares

Where Grant County stands among 75 counties in Arkansas and 3,143 in the United States.

Ranks
Tornadoes since 19502741 / 751,140 / 3,143
Tornadoes rated F3/EF3 or stronger250 / 75866 / 3,143
Tropical cyclones within 50 mi78 / 75892 / 3,143
Hurricane-strength passes within 50 mi0——
Wildfire acres since 19840——
Flood insurance claims1656 / 752,156 / 3,143
Flood insurance paid$145,00063 / 752,237 / 3,143
Disaster declarations1969 / 751,704 / 3,143
Flood events since 19965445 / 751,322 / 3,143
Hail and wind events since 199622944 / 751,709 / 3,143
Winter storm events since 19965542 / 751,832 / 3,143
Reported damage since 1996$12.9 million64 / 751,793 / 3,143
River crests at major flood stage0——
High tide flooding days a year, last 10 years0.0——
Months in severe drought since 18959131 / 752,609 / 3,143
Medium or heavy smoke days a year, last 10 years16.953 / 751,365 / 3,143
Earthquakes M4+ within 50 mi since 1900430 / 75793 / 3,143
Earthquakes M2.5+ in the county since 1973318 / 75583 / 3,143

Neighbouring counties

Neighbouring counties
Cleveland County11904
Dallas County29701
Hot Spring County426020
Jefferson County3860596
Pulaski County10146,7101,720
Saline County5537,443275

Sources and vintage

Every number on this page comes from these public records.

  • Tornadoes NOAA Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, through 2025.
  • Tropical cyclones NOAA National Hurricane Center HURDAT2 (Atlantic; Northeast and Central Pacific), through 2025.
  • Wildfire USGS/USFS Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity, through 2026.
  • Storm events NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, through 2026.
  • Flood insurance OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026.
  • Declarations OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries v2, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Weather records NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily, station USC00036562.
  • River crests NOAA National Weather Service, National Water Prediction Service river gauges, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Drought NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, through September 2026.
  • Smoke NOAA NESDIS Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Earthquakes USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog (ComCat), retrieved October 30, 2026.

Joins, thresholds and known limits are set out in the methodology. Found an error? Report it. Page built October 30, 2026.