Randolph County

Population 6,156 (2025) 428 sq mi

26 tropical storms and hurricanes have passed within 50 miles of Randolph County since 1851, 6 of them at hurricane strength; the strongest was Michael in 2018 (Category 1).

Hazard fingerprint for Randolph County Tornado: 49th percentile. Tropical: 74th percentile. Wildfire: 0th percentile. Flood: 8th percentile. Hail & wind: 19th percentile. Heat: 19th percentile. Cold: 16th percentile. Winter: 4th percentile. TORTROPFIREFLOODSEVEREHEATCOLDWINTER

Hazard fingerprint Each spoke is this county’s percentile among U.S. counties where that hazard occurs. How it is computed

2026
  • Tornado damage paths since 195016
  • Tropical cyclone tracks within 100 miles since 1851, wider where stronger62

At a glance

The record for Randolph County in eight numbers. Each links to its section below.

Tropical cyclones within 50 mi

26

69th of 159 in Georgia

6 at hurricane strength since 1851

Details

Tornadoes since 1950

16

54th of 159 in Georgia

About as many as the typical Georgia county

Details

Flood insurance claims

1

129th of 159 in Georgia

$1,035 paid since 2020

Details

Strongest tornado

F3

April 23, 1971, 13.9 mile path

Strongest tropical cyclone

Cat. 1

Hurricane Michael, 2018, 8.8 miles away

Federal disaster declarations

13

Most recent: Hurricane Isaias, 2026

Details

Record high

106°F

August 7, 2007

Details

Record low

12°F

January 22, 2025

Details

Tornadoes

About one every 4.8 years since 1950, one of them rated F3/EF3 or stronger.

Strongest

April 23, 1971

F3, 13.9 mile path

500 yards wide.

Deadliest

January 20, 1963

1 killed, F1

4 injured along the whole path.

Most recent

Wednesday, June 14, 2023

EF1, 1.4 mile path

3 years ago.

Tornadoes by decade Doppler radar era² 1950s: 2 2 1960s: 1 1 1970s: 1 1 1980s: 1 1 1990s: 1 1 2000s: 1 1 2010s: 5 5 2020s: 4 4 1950s1960s1970s1980s1990s2000s2010s2020s
Recorded tornadoes per decade. The 2020s are incomplete.
Tornadoes by month J: 2 F: 1 M: 3 A: 4 4 M: 2 J: 3 J: 0 A: 0 S: 1 O: 0 N: 0 D: 0 JFMAMJJASOND
By month of occurrence, all years.

Every recorded tornado

Tornadoes in Randolph County since 1950
Jun 14, 2023EF11.430000
Jun 14, 2023EF13.342500
Jun 19, 2021EF129.040000
Mar 31, 2020EF230.035010
May 23, 2017EF010.25000
Apr 5, 2017EF216.91,32000
Jan 22, 2017EF212.040010
Apr 7, 2016EF215.825050
Mar 26, 2011EF10.42000
May 2, 2004F18.010060
Sep 29, 1998F10.57010
Mar 17, 1980F10.25000
Apr 23, 1971F313.950010
Jan 20, 1963F170.250041
Apr 8, 1957F25.220010
Feb 3, 1956F00.33300
  1. Injuries and deaths are for the tornado’s whole path, which may extend beyond the county. Deaths recorded within Randolph County: 0.
  2. Weak tornadoes were under-recorded before Doppler radar coverage became national in the early 1990s, so earlier decades read low. Ratings use the Fujita scale before February 2007 and the Enhanced Fujita scale after.

Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, 1950 to 2025.

Hurricanes and tropical storms

26 passed within 50 miles since 1851; 6 at hurricane strength.

Strongest within 50 miles

October 11, 2018

Michael, Category 1

8.8 miles at closest approach, winds near 92 mph.

Most recent

September 27, 2024

Helene, Category 1

76.7 miles at closest approach.

Tropical cyclones within 50 miles by decade 50s: 2 60s: 1 70s: 1 80s: 5 5 90s: 2 00s: 3 10s: 3 20s: 2 30s: 0 40s: 1 50s: 1 60s: 2 70s: 0 80s: 1 90s: 1 00s: 0 10s: 1 20s: 0 50s60s70s80s90s00s10s20s30s40s50s60s70s80s90s00s10s20s
Storms within 50 miles, by decade. Records before about 1900 miss storms that never reached land or ships.

Every storm within 100 miles

Tropical cyclones within 100 miles
Helene202476.7Category 192Category 4
Mindy202186.4Tropical storm40Tropical storm
Nestor201935.6Post-tropical40Tropical storm
Michael20188.8Category 192Category 5
Hermine201681.8Tropical storm67Category 1
Fay200895.8Tropical storm46Tropical storm
Earl199839.1Tropical storm52Category 2
Opal199593.1Category 175Category 4
Allison199574.2Tropical storm48Category 1
Kate198548.8Category 181Category 3
Eloise197559.9Category 189Category 3
Alma196685.8Tropical storm63Category 3
Unnamed19650.9Tropical storm49Tropical storm
Hilda196457.4Post-tropical52Category 4
Dora196420.4Tropical storm48Category 4
Unnamed195792.1Tropical storm46Category 1
Flossy195629.3Tropical storm45Category 1
Florence195325.4Post-tropical46Category 3
Unnamed194996.5Category 175Category 4
Unnamed194130.4Tropical storm69Category 3
Unnamed194078.7Tropical storm39Category 2
Unnamed193773.2Tropical storm40Tropical storm
Unnamed193598.5Tropical storm72Category 5
Unnamed193388.9Tropical storm58Category 4
Unnamed192947.2Post-tropical62Category 4
Unnamed192831.1Tropical storm40Category 1
Unnamed19268.0Tropical storm40Category 4
Unnamed192497.5Tropical storm63Category 1
Unnamed192494.4Tropical storm54Category 1
Unnamed19170.0Tropical storm58Category 4
Unnamed191520.1Tropical storm58Category 2
Unnamed191432.5Tropical storm40Tropical storm
Unnamed191292.5Tropical storm43Tropical storm
Unnamed190751.9Tropical storm46Tropical storm
Unnamed190770.2Tropical storm54Tropical storm
Unnamed190643.1Tropical storm41Tropical storm
Unnamed190361.2Tropical storm48Category 1
Unnamed190270.4Post-tropical40Category 2
Unnamed190290.4Tropical storm46Tropical storm
Unnamed190118.1Tropical storm40Tropical storm
Unnamed19010.0Tropical storm44Category 1
Unnamed189956.1Tropical storm48Category 2
Unnamed189856.2Tropical storm55Category 4
Unnamed189856.5Tropical storm44Category 1
Unnamed189897.7Tropical storm61Category 1
Unnamed18965.3Tropical storm63Category 2
Unnamed189447.4Category 192Category 3
Unnamed189363.8Tropical storm58Category 4
Unnamed188912.1Tropical storm55Category 2
Unnamed188737.9Tropical storm48Category 2
Unnamed188667.0Category 175Category 2
Unnamed188649.3Category 175Category 2
Unnamed188593.6Tropical storm52Category 1
Unnamed188576.1Tropical storm49Tropical storm
Unnamed188211.1Tropical storm66Category 3
Unnamed188112.9Tropical storm58Category 2
Unnamed187883.2Tropical storm46Category 1
Unnamed187748.0Tropical storm69Category 3
Unnamed187754.7Tropical storm54Category 1
Unnamed187393.0Tropical storm69Category 1
Unnamed186890.3Tropical storm54Category 1
Unnamed18608.4Tropical storm46Category 3
Unnamed185964.7Tropical storm46Category 1
Unnamed185618.0Category 177Category 3
Unnamed185276.4Category 184Category 2
Unnamed185254.1Tropical storm46Category 3
Unnamed185120.3Category 184Category 3
  1. Tropical storms and hurricanes (34 kt or more, still tropical) at closest approach. Post-tropical remnants with gale-force winds are listed but not counted. Direct: track within 50 miles; near: within 100 miles. Distance is measured to the county boundary for counties and to the city centre for cities, using positions interpolated hourly between HURDAT2 fixes.

National Hurricane Center HURDAT2, 1851 to 2025.

Wildfire and smoke

No large wildfire has been mapped here since satellite mapping began in 1984.

Smoke overhead

Smokiest year

2023: 37 days

Heavy smoke on 3 days in 2025, the most of any year.

Last 10 years

8.9 days a year

Medium or heavy smoke, 2016 to 2025.

2025

6 days

Medium or heavy smoke. 25 so far in 2026.

Days with medium or heavy smoke overhead, by year 2011: 9 2012: 1 2013: 0 2014: 0 2015: 1 2016: 1 2017: 1 2018: 3 2019: 3 2020: 2 2021: 10 2022: 20 2023: 37 37 2024: 6 2025: 6 201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022202320242025
Days each year on which a satellite-traced plume of medium or heavy smoke covered the county’s population centre, 2011 to 2025.
  1. A smoke day is a date on which a smoke plume traced by NOAA Hazard Mapping System analysts from satellite imagery covered this place's point (the county's population centre or the city centre). Counts here are of medium or heavy smoke. Since 2018 analysts have often drawn light smoke as one area over most of the continent, so light-smoke counts are not comparable from year to year. The plumes show smoke anywhere in the air above, not air quality at the ground, and smoke hidden by cloud is missed.

NOAA Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, 2011 to 2026, retrieved October 30, 2026.

Floods and flood insurance

1 federal flood insurance claims since 2020, with $1,035 paid.

Federal flood insurance claims by year
Claims per year since 2020. Years with fewer than five claims are not shown.

Flood events since 1996

  • Flash Flood3
  • Flood1
  • Heavy Rain1

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026. NOAA Storm Events through 2026.

Drought

In severe drought or worse for 106 of 1,581 months since 1895 (7%); the longest spell lasted 21 months.

106

Months in severe drought or worse since 1895

32

Months in extreme drought

7%

Share of all months, severe or worse

44

Drought reports to the Weather Service since 1996

Lowest reading

March 1955

−5.45, extreme drought

Longest severe spell

21 months

May 2011 to January 2013.

Latest month

September 2026

−1.33, mild drought

Last severe month: April 2026.

Months in severe drought or worse, by year 1895: 0 1896: 0 1897: 0 1898: 5 1899: 0 1900: 0 1901: 0 1902: 0 1903: 0 1904: 0 1905: 0 1906: 0 1907: 0 1908: 0 1909: 2 1910: 2 1911: 8 1912: 0 1913: 0 1914: 3 1915: 0 1916: 1 1917: 0 1918: 0 1919: 0 1920: 0 1921: 0 1922: 0 1923: 0 1924: 0 1925: 4 1926: 0 1927: 5 1928: 0 1929: 0 1930: 0 1931: 2 1932: 1 1933: 1 1934: 1 1935: 0 1936: 0 1937: 0 1938: 0 1939: 0 1940: 0 1941: 0 1942: 0 1943: 0 1944: 0 1945: 0 1946: 0 1947: 0 1948: 0 1949: 0 1950: 0 1951: 2 1952: 0 1953: 0 1954: 5 1955: 9 1956: 4 1957: 0 1958: 0 1959: 0 1960: 0 1961: 0 1962: 0 1963: 0 1964: 0 1965: 0 1966: 0 1967: 0 1968: 2 1969: 0 1970: 0 1971: 0 1972: 0 1973: 0 1974: 0 1975: 0 1976: 0 1977: 0 1978: 0 1979: 0 1980: 0 1981: 2 1982: 0 1983: 0 1984: 0 1985: 0 1986: 4 1987: 0 1988: 0 1989: 3 1990: 2 1991: 0 1992: 0 1993: 0 1994: 0 1995: 0 1996: 0 1997: 0 1998: 0 1999: 0 2000: 4 2001: 0 2002: 0 2003: 0 2004: 0 2005: 0 2006: 0 2007: 7 2008: 2 2009: 0 2010: 0 2011: 8 2012: 12 12 2013: 1 2014: 0 2015: 0 2016: 3 2017: 0 2018: 0 2019: 0 2020: 0 2021: 0 2022: 0 2023: 0 2024: 0 2025: 0 18951905191519251935194519551965197519851995200520152025
Months each year with a Palmer index of −3 or lower, 1895 to 2025. Twelve means the whole year.
  1. The Palmer Drought Severity Index is computed by NOAA each month from the county's average temperature and precipitation, relative to the county's own climate. Zero is normal; -3 or lower is severe drought and -4 or lower extreme drought. It describes the long-term balance of moisture, not water supply or crop losses.

NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, 1895 to September 2026, issued October 6, 2026.

Earthquakes

1 earthquake of magnitude 2.5 or more within 50 miles since 1982; none reached magnitude 4.

0

Magnitude 2.5+ inside the county since 1973

1

Magnitude 3+ within 50 miles since 1973

0

Magnitude 4+ within 50 miles since 1900

0

Magnitude 5+ within 50 miles since 1900

Largest within 50 miles

October 30, 1982

Magnitude 3.1

12 km S of Hamilton, Georgia; 49.7 miles away, 0.0 miles deep.

Most recent, magnitude 3 or more

October 30, 1982

Magnitude 3.1

12 km S of Hamilton, Georgia; 49.7 miles away.

  1. Earthquakes of magnitude 2.5 or more in the USGS Comprehensive Catalog since 1900. Within 50 miles means the epicentre lies within 50 miles of the county boundary (or inside the county).
  2. Small earthquakes were under-recorded before the modern seismic networks of the 1970s and are still missed in remote areas, so early decades read low. Magnitudes are as the catalogue reports them and mix scales (moment, local and body-wave).

USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog, 1900 to present, retrieved October 30, 2026.

Severe weather and other events

196 events in the National Weather Service record, 166 of them since 1996.

6

Hail reports, 1 inch or larger

0

Hail, 2 inches or larger

73

Damaging gusts, 58 mph+

6

Winter weather events since 1996

3

Heat events since 1996

3

Cold events since 1996

Largest hail

June 17, 2016

1.75 inches

Strongest measured or estimated gust

March 4, 2020

75 mph

More event types since 1996

Other Storm Events types since 1996
Lightning100May 30, 1998

Costliest events since 1996

  1. Oct 10, 2018Tropical Storm, Randolph$1.0 million
    National Weather Service narrative

    Hurricane Michael started as typical weak October Caribbean tropical system. However, after approximately a week of slow development, the system moved into warm Gulf of Mexico waters and rapidly intensified into a major hurricane as it moved north towards the Florida Panhandle. After a 2-day long intensification period over the eastern Gulf, Michael made landfall as an unprecedented (for the region) high-end category 4 hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale in the Florida Panhandle with maximum sustained wind speed of 155 mph and a minimum pressure 919 mb. Based on wind, Michael is the fourth most powerful hurricane to hit the United States, behind the Labor Day…

  2. Sep 29, 1998Tornado$500,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Tornado touched down two miles east of Cuthbert off U.S. 82 bypass. A manufacturing plant was destroyed where one employee was injured by falling debris. Several large pine trees were uprooted.

  3. Jan 22, 2017Tornado$200,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    The tornado touched down in Clay County and moved northeast through the northwest corner of Calhoun County and into southern Randolph County. It caused extensive tree damage with nearly every tree in its path snapped through the Clay and Calhoun portions of the track. In addition, it flipped a mobile home in Clay County, injuring one person who was inside. The tornado caused major roof damage in Clay and Calhoun counties removing the roofing structure from two homes. It also caused minor roofing damage to several homes in all three counties. Damage cost was estimated.

  4. Sep 10, 2017Tropical Storm, Randolph$200,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Hurricane Irma brought numerous impacts to the Florida Big Bend, southwest Georgia and southeast Alabama including widespread downed trees and power lines, roads blocked by trees, power outages, and trees on homes. Two people died during the event - one due to a car crash (Liberty County, FL) and another that had a heart attack (Worth County, GA). Two indirect deaths occurred due to carbon monoxide from a generator (Taylor County, FL). While many counties across the Florida Big Bend and southwest Georgia were impacted, the greatest impacts were across the eastern portion of the area near the I-75 corridor. There were over 6.5 million customers without power in Florida, over…

  5. Jul 9, 2005Hurricane (Typhoon), Randolph$150,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Hurricane Dennis came ashore along the central Gulf coast on July 10. The lowest sea-level pressure and peak wind gust recorded were 1007.5 mb and 42 mph, respectively, at Albany, GA. Heavy rainfall commenced July 10, and persisted into the early morning hours of July 11. A nearly stationary feeder band from the eastern Florida Panhandle into southwest Georgia produced four to eight inches, with isolated amounts up to a foot. In Colquitt County, flash flooding along the Okapilco Creek in Moultrie damaged many homes, washed out roads, and forced the evacuation of 100 homes. Heavy rains in the upper Flint River basin generated high flows which reached as far south as Bainbridge, GA.…

  6. May 30, 1998Lightning$100,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Fire destroyed more than 4,000 tons of peanuts after lightning struck a warehouse at the Locke Farm Center in Shellman.

  7. May 2, 2004Tornado$100,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    The tornado continued on a northeast track from Clay County, downing trees and power lines along its path through southern Randolph County. Before lifting, it destroyed a mobile home on County Road 6, off Fountain Bridge Road. Its six occupants sustained minor injuries. Reported by the Cuthbert Fire/EMS and Albany Herald.

  8. Mar 4, 2020Thunderstorm Wind$100,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    There were multiple homes with trees blown onto them along with numerous trees and power lines down across the city. Three injuries resulted due to trees falling.

  9. Sep 15, 2004Tropical Storm, Randolph$75,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Hurricane Ivan weakened to a tropical storm as it moved into southwest Alabama on September 16. The maximum sustained wind recorded was 29 knots at Albany, GA. The peak wind gust recorded was 37 knots at Valdosta, GA. The lowest sea-level pressure was 1003 mb at Albany. Rainfall totals varied from 0.75 inches at Tifton and Valdosta, GA to 6.50 inches at Blakely, GA. Minor flooding was reported in Early County. Minor rises were observed on the Kinchafoonee and Muckalee creeks. An estimated 20,000 customers were without power. There were numerous reports of downed trees and power lines. Intense outer rain bands from Ivan spawned several tornadoes in southwest Georgia on September…

  10. Mar 26, 2011Tornado$65,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    The Randolph county sheriff's department and emergency management reported a tornado touchdown in the city of Benevolence. Damage included several trees and power lines down, one mobile home destroyed, one mobile home severely damaged, and several outbuildings destroyed. The monetary damage figure provided is a rough estimate.

  1. Storm Events records before 1996 cover only tornadoes, thunderstorm wind and hail. Damage figures are as reported by the National Weather Service at the time, not adjusted for inflation.

NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, 1950 to 2026, issued October 26, 2026.

Weather records

From Albany Sw Georgia Regional Airport, 36.5 miles from the county’s population centre, with records from 1948.

All-time high
106°FAug 7, 2007
All-time low
12°FJan 22, 2025
Warmest night
80°F2 times, most recently Aug 9, 2007
Coldest day
30°F2 times, most recently Jan 7, 2014
Wettest day
5.29 inMar 28, 2009
Snowiest day
0.9 inJan 18, 2026
Hottest year
2019mean 70.1°F
Coldest year
2014mean 65.8°F
Wettest year
194866.72 in
Driest year
201126.79 in
Average monthly high and low temperature and precipitation, last 30 years, Albany Sw Georgia Regional Airport 32°F 62° 38° 3.5 Jan 67° 42° 3.8 Feb 74° 48° 3.9 Mar 80° 55° 3.9 Apr 87° 63° 2.8 May 92° 71° 5.0 Jun 93° 73° 5.1 Jul 93° 73° 5.3 Aug 89° 68° 3.2 Sep 81° 57° 1.8 Oct 72° 47° 2.3 Nov 65° 42° 4.4 Dec Precipitation, inches
Average daily high and low by month, and average monthly precipitation, over the last 30 years.
Days reaching 95°F per year 2001: 15 2002: 25 2003: 1 2004: 16 2005: 23 2006: 56 2007: 46 2008: 32 2009: 30 2010: 71 2011: 96 96 2012: 32 2013: 5 2014: 27 2015: 32 2016: 61 2017: 19 2018: 37 2019: 68 2020: 41 2021: 47 2022: 38 2023: 26 2024: 57 2025: 39 200120112021
Days reaching 95°F each complete year, last 50 years. Thirty-year average: 37.6.

Station Albany Sw Georgia Regional Airport (USW00013869), 191 ft elevation, 36.5 miles from the population centre. Daily records from 1948 to October 26, 2026; 85.5% of days in the last 30 years are complete. Records at a single station can differ from a city’s official threaded record, which may combine several stations.

NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily.

Federal disaster declarations

13 since 1953. The most recent: Hurricane Isaias, October 9, 2026.

Federal disaster declarations
Oct 9, 2026Tropical StormHurricane IsaiasEmergencyEM-3657-GA
Sep 26, 2024Tropical StormHurricane HeleneEmergencyEM-3616-GA
Mar 29, 2020BiologicalCovid-19 PandemicMajor disasterDR-4501-GA
Mar 13, 2020BiologicalCovid-19EmergencyEM-3464-GA
Oct 14, 2018HurricaneHurricane MichaelMajor disasterDR-4400-GA
Oct 10, 2018HurricaneHurricane MichaelEmergencyEM-3406-GA
Sep 15, 2017HurricaneHurricane IrmaMajor disasterDR-4338-GA
Sep 8, 2017HurricaneHurricane IrmaEmergencyEM-3387-GA
Jan 26, 2017TornadoSevere Storms, Tornadoes, Straight-Line Winds, and FloodingMajor disasterDR-4297-GA
Sep 5, 2005HurricaneHurricane Katrina EvacuationEmergencyEM-3218-GA
Mar 11, 1998Severe StormSevere Storms and FloodingMajor disasterDR-1209-GA
Oct 10, 1995HurricaneHurricane OpalMajor disasterDR-1071-GA
Jul 7, 1994TornadoTornadoes, Flooding Torrential Rain(Trop Storm Alberto)Major disasterDR-1033-GA

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries, retrieved October 30, 2026. Statewide declarations are not listed.

How this compares

Where Randolph County stands among 159 counties in Georgia and 3,143 in the United States.

Ranks
Tornadoes since 19501654 / 1591,804 / 3,143
Tornadoes rated F3/EF3 or stronger140 / 1591,281 / 3,143
Tropical cyclones within 50 mi2669 / 159398 / 3,143
Hurricane-strength passes within 50 mi642 / 159293 / 3,143
Wildfire acres since 19840——
Flood insurance claims1129 / 1592,799 / 3,143
Flood insurance paid$1,035135 / 1592,834 / 3,143
Disaster declarations13150 / 1592,537 / 3,143
Flood events since 19965151 / 1593,040 / 3,143
Hail and wind events since 199686135 / 1592,853 / 3,143
Winter storm events since 19966115 / 1592,927 / 3,143
Reported damage since 1996$3.0 million115 / 1592,617 / 3,143
River crests at major flood stage0——
High tide flooding days a year, last 10 years0.0——
Months in severe drought since 1895106134 / 1592,181 / 3,143
Medium or heavy smoke days a year, last 10 years8.9107 / 1592,807 / 3,143
Earthquakes M4+ within 50 mi since 19000——
Earthquakes M2.5+ in the county since 19730——

Neighbouring counties

Neighbouring counties
Calhoun County143105
Clay County102500
Quitman County82101
Stewart County152700
Terrell County112806
Webster County72200

Sources and vintage

Every number on this page comes from these public records.

  • Tornadoes NOAA Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, through 2025.
  • Tropical cyclones NOAA National Hurricane Center HURDAT2 (Atlantic; Northeast and Central Pacific), through 2025.
  • Wildfire USGS/USFS Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity, through 2026.
  • Storm events NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, through 2026.
  • Flood insurance OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026.
  • Declarations OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries v2, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Weather records NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily, station USW00013869.
  • River crests NOAA National Weather Service, National Water Prediction Service river gauges, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Drought NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, through September 2026.
  • Smoke NOAA NESDIS Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Earthquakes USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog (ComCat), retrieved October 30, 2026.

Joins, thresholds and known limits are set out in the methodology. Found an error? Report it. Page built October 30, 2026.