Rush County

Population 16,767 (2025) 408 sq mi

Rush County has recorded 25 tornadoes since 1950, 34th most of 92 counties in Indiana; the most recent was on May 7, 2024.

Hazard fingerprint for Rush County Tornado: 77th percentile. Tropical: 0th percentile. Wildfire: 0th percentile. Flood: 48th percentile. Hail & wind: 56th percentile. Heat: 13th percentile. Cold: 34th percentile. Winter: 25th percentile. TORTROPFIREFLOODSEVEREHEATCOLDWINTER

Hazard fingerprint Each spoke is this county’s percentile among U.S. counties where that hazard occurs. How it is computed

2026
  • Tornado damage paths since 195025
  • Tropical cyclone tracks within 100 miles since 1851, wider where stronger1

At a glance

The record for Rush County in eight numbers. Each links to its section below.

Tornadoes since 1950

25

34th of 92 in Indiana

About as many as the typical Indiana county

Details

Flood insurance claims

23

74th of 92 in Indiana

$205,000 paid since 1978

Details

Tropical cyclones within 100 mi

1

None within 50 miles since 1851

Details

Strongest tornado

F4

April 25, 1961, 63.1 mile path

Federal disaster declarations

17

Most recent: Severe Storms, Straight-Line Winds, Tornadoes, and Flooding, 2026

Details

Record high

108°F

July 22, 1901

Details

Record low

−31°F

January 17, 1994

Details

Snowiest season

45.6in

Winter of 1909-10

Tornadoes

About one every 3 years since 1950, 5 of them rated F3/EF3 or stronger.

Strongest

April 25, 1961

F4, 63.1 mile path

550 yards wide.

Deadliest

July 9, 1980

2 killed, F4

25 injured along the whole path.

Most recent

Tuesday, May 7, 2024

EF1, 0.2 mile path

2 years ago.

Tornadoes by decade Doppler radar era² 1950s: 2 2 1960s: 4 4 1970s: 1 1 1980s: 3 3 1990s: 3 3 2000s: 5 5 2010s: 3 3 2020s: 4 4 1950s1960s1970s1980s1990s2000s2010s2020s
Recorded tornadoes per decade. The 2020s are incomplete.
Tornadoes by month J: 0 F: 2 M: 1 A: 3 M: 5 J: 6 6 J: 2 A: 1 S: 2 O: 0 N: 2 D: 1 JFMAMJJASOND
By month of occurrence, all years.

Every recorded tornado

Tornadoes in Rush County since 1950
May 7, 2024EF10.23000
May 7, 2024EF14.67500
May 7, 2024EFU0.83000
Jun 8, 2022EF19.710000
Jun 15, 2019EF214.520000
Dec 23, 2015EF10.85000
Feb 20, 2014EF00.02500
Jun 3, 2008EF39.715081
Aug 28, 2006F00.67500
Nov 24, 2004F12.15000
Jul 30, 2004F10.35000
Sep 20, 2002F01.010000
Nov 22, 1992F27.55000
Jun 18, 1992F12.08020
Jun 3, 1990F00.11000
May 7, 1986F10.21000
Jul 9, 1980F411.0267252
Jun 2, 1980F00.11010
Apr 3, 1974F418.910170
May 10, 1969F233.21000
Apr 21, 1967F10.11000
Apr 25, 1961F463.155070
Sep 19, 1960F30.110000
Feb 25, 1956F12.01000
Mar 11, 1955F234.888030
  1. Injuries and deaths are for the tornado’s whole path, which may extend beyond the county. Deaths recorded within Rush County: 3.
  2. Weak tornadoes were under-recorded before Doppler radar coverage became national in the early 1990s, so earlier decades read low. Ratings use the Fujita scale before February 2007 and the Enhanced Fujita scale after.

Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, 1950 to 2025.

Hurricanes and tropical storms

1 tropical cyclone passed within 100 miles since 1851, none within 50.

Most recent

September 14, 2008

Ike, Post-tropical

77.2 miles at closest approach.

Every storm within 100 miles

Tropical cyclones within 100 miles
Ike200877.2Post-tropical58Category 4
Unnamed19157.2Post-tropical40Category 4
Unnamed190246.4Post-tropical40Category 1
Unnamed189256.1Post-tropical52Tropical storm
Unnamed188898.6Tropical storm52Category 3
  1. Tropical storms and hurricanes (34 kt or more, still tropical) at closest approach. Post-tropical remnants with gale-force winds are listed but not counted. Direct: track within 50 miles; near: within 100 miles. Distance is measured to the county boundary for counties and to the city centre for cities, using positions interpolated hourly between HURDAT2 fixes.

National Hurricane Center HURDAT2, 1851 to 2025.

Wildfire and smoke

No large wildfire has been mapped here since satellite mapping began in 1984.

Smoke overhead

Smokiest year

2023: 56 days

Heavy smoke on 14 days in 2023, the most of any year.

Last 10 years

18.4 days a year

Medium or heavy smoke, 2016 to 2025.

2025

12 days

Medium or heavy smoke. 39 so far in 2026.

Days with medium or heavy smoke overhead, by year 2011: 6 2012: 8 2013: 3 2014: 10 2015: 10 2016: 2 2017: 6 2018: 9 2019: 9 2020: 16 2021: 39 2022: 17 2023: 56 56 2024: 18 2025: 12 201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022202320242025
Days each year on which a satellite-traced plume of medium or heavy smoke covered the county’s population centre, 2011 to 2025.
  1. A smoke day is a date on which a smoke plume traced by NOAA Hazard Mapping System analysts from satellite imagery covered this place's point (the county's population centre or the city centre). Counts here are of medium or heavy smoke. Since 2018 analysts have often drawn light smoke as one area over most of the continent, so light-smoke counts are not comparable from year to year. The plumes show smoke anywhere in the air above, not air quality at the ground, and smoke hidden by cloud is missed.

NOAA Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, 2011 to 2026, retrieved October 30, 2026.

Floods and flood insurance

23 federal flood insurance claims since 1978, with $205,000 paid.

Federal flood insurance claims by year
Claims per year since 1978. Years with fewer than five claims are not shown.

Claims by ZIP code

Flood insurance claims by ZIP code
4617320$179,000

Flood events since 1996

  • Flood19
  • Flash Flood12

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026. NOAA Storm Events through 2026.

River crests

Most severe crest

March 4, 1963

Big Blue River (IN) at Carthage, 14.62 ft

7.62 feet above the 7.0 ft flood stage; major flooding by today’s categories.

Most recent moderate or major crest

August 13, 2026

Big Blue River (IN) at Carthage, 12.30 ft

Moderate flooding.

Highest river crests above flood stage
Mar 4, 1963Big Blue River (IN) at Carthage14.62+7.62Major
Aug 13, 2026Flatrock River at Rushville18.22+7.22Major
Jan 21, 1959Big Blue River (IN) at Carthage13.28+6.28Major
Aug 13, 2026Flatrock River near Raleigh11.40+4.40Major
Dec 22, 2013Flatrock River near Raleigh10.83+3.83Major
Apr 6, 2025Flatrock River near Raleigh10.77+3.77Major
Dec 22, 2013Flatrock River at Rushville16.92+5.92Moderate
Nov 15, 1993Big Blue River (IN) at Carthage12.91+5.91Moderate
Apr 3, 2018Flatrock River at Rushville16.60+5.60Moderate
Jun 14, 1958Big Blue River (IN) at Carthage12.42+5.42Moderate
Dec 30, 1990Big Blue River (IN) at Carthage12.31+5.31Moderate
Aug 13, 2026Big Blue River (IN) at Carthage12.30+5.30Moderate
Apr 5, 2025Flatrock River at Rushville16.22+5.22Moderate
Apr 25, 1961Big Blue River (IN) at Carthage12.08+5.08Moderate
Feb 8, 2019Flatrock River at Rushville16.01+5.01Moderate
Dec 22, 2013Big Blue River (IN) at Carthage11.96+4.96Moderate
Nov 6, 2017Flatrock River at Rushville15.96+4.96Moderate
Nov 16, 1955Big Blue River (IN) at Carthage11.52+4.52Moderate
Jan 6, 2005Big Blue River (IN) at Carthage11.22+4.22Moderate
Apr 5, 2025Big Blue River (IN) at Carthage11.21+4.21Moderate
Feb 21, 1951Big Blue River (IN) at Carthage11.20+4.20Moderate
Jan 27, 1952Big Blue River (IN) at Carthage11.02+4.02Moderate
Jun 27, 1973Big Blue River (IN) at Carthage10.99+3.99Moderate
Aug 1, 1958Big Blue River (IN) at Carthage10.98+3.98Moderate
Jun 4, 2008Big Blue River (IN) at Carthage10.91+3.91Moderate

River gauges

River gauges and their highest listed crests
Big Blue River (IN) at Carthage7.014.62 ftMar 4, 19632
Flatrock River at Rushville11.018.22 ftAug 13, 20261
Flatrock River near Raleigh7.011.40 ftAug 13, 20263
  1. Crests are the highest and the recent crests the National Weather Service lists for each river gauge in the county that has a flood stage, not every flood. Flood categories use each gauge's current flood stages; crests from before levees, dams or channel changes may not be comparable. Crests measured on an old datum are left out of the rankings.

NOAA National Water Prediction Service gauge records, retrieved October 30, 2026.

Drought

In severe drought or worse for 120 of 1,581 months since 1895 (8%); the longest spell lasted 17 months.

120

Months in severe drought or worse since 1895

58

Months in extreme drought

8%

Share of all months, severe or worse

7

Drought reports to the Weather Service since 1996

Lowest reading

February 1935

−6.60, extreme drought

Longest severe spell

17 months

July 1930 to November 1931.

Latest month

September 2026

+3.48, very wet

Last severe month: August 2012.

Months in severe drought or worse, by year 1895: 5 1896: 2 1897: 0 1898: 0 1899: 2 1900: 1 1901: 5 1902: 5 1903: 0 1904: 0 1905: 0 1906: 0 1907: 0 1908: 3 1909: 1 1910: 0 1911: 0 1912: 0 1913: 0 1914: 2 1915: 6 1916: 0 1917: 0 1918: 0 1919: 0 1920: 0 1921: 0 1922: 0 1923: 0 1924: 0 1925: 0 1926: 0 1927: 0 1928: 0 1929: 0 1930: 6 1931: 11 1932: 0 1933: 0 1934: 8 1935: 8 1936: 2 1937: 0 1938: 0 1939: 0 1940: 4 1941: 9 1942: 0 1943: 0 1944: 3 1945: 1 1946: 0 1947: 0 1948: 0 1949: 0 1950: 0 1951: 0 1952: 0 1953: 3 1954: 12 12 1955: 1 1956: 0 1957: 0 1958: 0 1959: 0 1960: 0 1961: 0 1962: 0 1963: 3 1964: 6 1965: 0 1966: 0 1967: 0 1968: 0 1969: 0 1970: 0 1971: 0 1972: 0 1973: 0 1974: 0 1975: 0 1976: 0 1977: 0 1978: 0 1979: 0 1980: 0 1981: 0 1982: 0 1983: 0 1984: 0 1985: 0 1986: 0 1987: 0 1988: 2 1989: 0 1990: 0 1991: 0 1992: 0 1993: 0 1994: 0 1995: 0 1996: 0 1997: 0 1998: 0 1999: 3 2000: 3 2001: 0 2002: 0 2003: 0 2004: 0 2005: 0 2006: 0 2007: 1 2008: 0 2009: 0 2010: 0 2011: 0 2012: 2 2013: 0 2014: 0 2015: 0 2016: 0 2017: 0 2018: 0 2019: 0 2020: 0 2021: 0 2022: 0 2023: 0 2024: 0 2025: 0 18951905191519251935194519551965197519851995200520152025
Months each year with a Palmer index of −3 or lower, 1895 to 2025. Twelve means the whole year.
  1. The Palmer Drought Severity Index is computed by NOAA each month from the county's average temperature and precipitation, relative to the county's own climate. Zero is normal; -3 or lower is severe drought and -4 or lower extreme drought. It describes the long-term balance of moisture, not water supply or crop losses.

NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, 1895 to September 2026, issued October 6, 2026.

Earthquakes

2 earthquakes of magnitude 2.5 or more within 50 miles since 2004; none reached magnitude 4.

0

Magnitude 2.5+ inside the county since 1973

2

Magnitude 3+ within 50 miles since 1973

0

Magnitude 4+ within 50 miles since 1900

0

Magnitude 5+ within 50 miles since 1900

Largest within 50 miles

December 30, 2010

Magnitude 3.8

6 km SE of Greentown, Indiana; 46.9 miles away, 3.1 miles deep.

Most recent, magnitude 3 or more

December 30, 2010

Magnitude 3.8

6 km SE of Greentown, Indiana; 46.9 miles away.

  1. Earthquakes of magnitude 2.5 or more in the USGS Comprehensive Catalog since 1900. Within 50 miles means the epicentre lies within 50 miles of the county boundary (or inside the county).
  2. Small earthquakes were under-recorded before the modern seismic networks of the 1970s and are still missed in remote areas, so early decades read low. Magnitudes are as the catalogue reports them and mix scales (moment, local and body-wave).

USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog, 1900 to present, retrieved October 30, 2026.

Severe weather and other events

346 events in the National Weather Service record, 286 of them since 1996.

40

Hail reports, 1 inch or larger

2

Hail, 2 inches or larger

129

Damaging gusts, 58 mph+

36

Winter weather events since 1996

2

Heat events since 1996

6

Cold events since 1996

Largest hail

August 9, 2000

2.50 inches

Strongest measured or estimated gust

August 25, 2018

100 mph

More event types since 1996

Other Storm Events types since 1996
Lightning200Jun 25, 2009
Dense fog and smoke100Feb 20, 1996

Costliest events since 1996

  1. Jun 3, 2008Tornado$1.0 million
    National Weather Service narrative

    The tornado touched down in Shelby County at 2004 EST 200 meters north of the County Road South 500 East and County Road East 500 South intersection. The tornado tracked to the east northeast for 2.93 miles before entering Rush County at 2012 EST near County Road South 1000 West just south of County Road East 450 South. The tornado continued to the northeast for 6.75 miles until lifting at 2030 EST. The tornado lifted 200 meters east of County Road South 400 West and 400 meters north of West State Road 244. The tornado was on the ground for a total of 9.68 miles and 26 minutes. The tornado was an EF-0 with wind speeds around 75 miles per hour while in Shelby County, however…

  2. Sep 20, 2002Tornado$500,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    A tornado formed along a squall line. Two mobile homes and two barns were destroyed.

  3. Mar 15, 2025Thunderstorm Wind$500,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Thunderstorm winds caused damage over 50 locations across Rush County with trees or powerlines down and at least two dozen structures damaged. Three people were injured north of Rushville where winds blew over a security trailer.

  4. Jun 15, 2019Tornado$275,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    The EF-2 rated tornado, with max wind speeds of 130 mph, began near the intersection of County Road 400 South and 550 West and tracked northeast. The worst damage was located just southwest of Rushville along County Road 300 South and Flatrock River Road. Two metal silos and a barn were destroyed at a property near the intersection and debris from these structures were twisted and carried one half to three quarters of a mile to the northeast. An extensive amount of trees were sheared and uprooted along Flatrock River Road.||Additional damage occurred to trailers parked at the Fraley and Schilling Trucking Company along State Route 3 just south of Rushville. The last area of…

  5. Jun 19, 2021Flash Flood$250,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Rapidly flowing water over State Road 244 in southern Rush county. A section of County Road 1000 South was washed out by flood waters.

  6. Sep 21, 2022Thunderstorm Wind$200,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Thunderstorm downburst winds blew down trees through the town of Rushville and along the south side of town...damaging 6 homes, including partial roof damage to a building on the southwest side of Rushville. Winds continued to down trees and powerlines to the southeast side of Rushville.

  7. Dec 22, 2004Heavy Snow, Rush$200,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Several roof collapses were reported, including that of a building on the Rush County Fairgrounds.

  8. Jun 8, 2022Tornado$185,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    NWS survey confirmed EF1 tornado tracked from 4.75 miles east-southeast of Morristown to 3.4 miles north of Rushville. Tornado first caused damage around the intersection of County Roads West 200 North and North 900 West. Four homes sustained damage that consisted primarily of roof and siding taken off homes. South facing front porch roof taken off western most house. Clear convergent pattern was observed in this area with several large tree limbs down and a few smaller trees topped or uprooted. Sheet metal was thrown nearly a quarter mile east. A storage shed was lifted and moved 40 feet off of its foundation. Siding and roof loss occurred at 3 other homes at this location. The…

  9. Mar 15, 2026Thunderstorm Wind$150,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Numerous trees and power lines downed across a swath stretching from Manilla to near Arlington.

  10. Apr 29, 2025Thunderstorm Wind$150,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Five power poles and a tree downed on 450 east. Nearby there was a swath of damage from 950 East to 700 East and from 1000 South to 900 South where 4 structures were damaged including one large utility barn.

  1. Storm Events records before 1996 cover only tornadoes, thunderstorm wind and hail. Damage figures are as reported by the National Weather Service at the time, not adjusted for inflation.

NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, 1950 to 2026, issued October 26, 2026.

Weather records

From Rushville, 1.7 miles from the county’s population centre, with records from 1901.

All-time high
108°FJul 22, 1901
All-time low
−31°FJan 17, 1994
Warmest night
77°F3 times, most recently Jul 8, 2012
Coldest day
−12°FJan 17, 1994
Wettest day
5.90 inFeb 18, 2022
Snowiest day
17.0 inDec 22, 2004
Hottest year
1944mean 55.4°F
Coldest year
1904mean 48.3°F
Wettest year
201159.38 in
Driest year
193422.56 in
Snowiest season
45.6 in1909-10
Average monthly high and low temperature and precipitation, last 30 years, Rushville 32°F 35° 19° 3.4 Jan 40° 23° 2.8 Feb 52° 31° 3.9 Mar 63° 41° 4.9 Apr 73° 52° 5.3 May 81° 61° 5.2 Jun 84° 64° 4.5 Jul 83° 62° 3.7 Aug 78° 55° 3.2 Sep 66° 44° 3.1 Oct 52° 33° 3.4 Nov 40° 25° 3.3 Dec Precipitation, inches
Average daily high and low by month, and average monthly precipitation, over the last 30 years.
Nights at or below freezing per year 1976: 154 154 1977: 124 1980: 145 1981: 137 1982: 124 1983: 125 1984: 121 1985: 115 1986: 118 1987: 128 1988: 140 1989: 136 1990: 108 1991: 117 1992: 116 1993: 123 1994: 111 1995: 119 1996: 138 1997: 129 1998: 104 1999: 120 2000: 119 2001: 104 2002: 117 2003: 122 2004: 106 2005: 112 2006: 108 2007: 122 2008: 128 2010: 114 2011: 111 2012: 108 2013: 136 2014: 119 2017: 103 2018: 136 2019: 123 2020: 110 2021: 117 2022: 119 2023: 103 2024: 97 2025: 126 19761988199820082021
Nights at or below freezing each complete year, last 50 years. Thirty-year average: 116.7.
Snowfall by winter 1976: 26.8 in 1978: 31.0 in 1979: 14.6 in 1980: 9.0 in 1981: 27.8 in 1982: 0.5 in 1983: 23.6 in 1984: 25.7 in 1985: 19.6 in 1986: 10.9 in 1987: 6.9 in 1988: 4.6 in 1989: 15.5 in 1990: 10.1 in 1996: 11.6 in 1997: 0.8 in 1998: 18.1 in 1999: 9.3 in 2001: 2.3 in 2008: 17.4 in 2009: 26.3 in 2012: 24.1 in 2013: 40.6 in 40.6 2014: 25.4 in 2015: 11.5 in 2016: 7.3 in 2017: 19.8 in 2018: 16.6 in 2019: 9.0 in 2020: 24.7 in 2021: 4.2 in 2022: 3.0 in 2023: 8.1 in 2024: 20.2 in 2025: 27.6 in 1976198720092021
Total snowfall each winter (July to June), last 50 winters.

Median first snow

November 25

Earliest: October 18, 1989

Median last snow

March 24

Latest: May 9, 1923

0 of 100 winters had no measurable snow.

Station Rushville (USC00127646), 948 ft elevation, 1.7 miles from the population centre. Daily records from 1901 to October 27, 2026; 94.6% of days in the last 30 years are complete. Records at a single station can differ from a city’s official threaded record, which may combine several stations.

NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily.

Federal disaster declarations

17 since 1953. The most recent: Severe Storms, Straight-Line Winds, Tornadoes, and Flooding, August 25, 2026.

Federal disaster declarations
Aug 25, 2026FloodSevere Storms, Straight-Line Winds, Tornadoes, and FloodingMajor disasterDR-4933-IN
Aug 15, 2026FloodSevere Storms, Straight-Line Winds, Tornadoes, and FloodingEmergencyEM-3651-IN
Jan 24, 2026Winter StormSevere Winter StormEmergencyEM-3641-IN
Apr 3, 2020BiologicalCovid-19 PandemicMajor disasterDR-4515-IN
Mar 13, 2020BiologicalCovid-19EmergencyEM-3456-IN
Sep 23, 2008Severe StormSevere Storms and FloodingMajor disasterDR-1795-IN
Jun 8, 2008Severe StormSevere Storms, Flooding, and TornadoesMajor disasterDR-1766-IN
Sep 10, 2005HurricaneHurricane Katrina EvacuationEmergencyEM-3238-IN
Jan 21, 2005Severe StormSevere Winter Storms and FloodingMajor disasterDR-1573-IN
Jan 11, 2005SnowstormSnowEmergencyEM-3197-IN
Sep 25, 2002Severe StormSevere Storms and TornadoesMajor disasterDR-1433-IN
Jan 15, 1999SnowstormIn-Winter Storm 12/23/98EmergencyEM-3135-IN
Jul 22, 1998Severe StormSevere Storms and Tornadoes, and FloodingMajor disasterDR-1234-IN
Apr 2, 1996FloodBlizzard of 96Major disasterDR-1109-IN
Jan 5, 1991FloodSevere Storms & FloodingMajor disasterDR-891-IN
Feb 2, 1977SnowstormSnowstormsEmergencyEM-3028-IN
Apr 4, 1974TornadoTornadoesMajor disasterDR-423-IN

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries, retrieved October 30, 2026. Statewide declarations are not listed.

How this compares

Where Rush County stands among 92 counties in Indiana and 3,143 in the United States.

Ranks
Tornadoes since 19502534 / 921,264 / 3,143
Tornadoes rated F3/EF3 or stronger511 / 92242 / 3,143
Tropical cyclones within 50 mi0——
Hurricane-strength passes within 50 mi0——
Wildfire acres since 19840——
Flood insurance claims2374 / 922,021 / 3,143
Flood insurance paid$205,00077 / 922,117 / 3,143
Disaster declarations1751 / 922,018 / 3,143
Flood events since 19963164 / 922,063 / 3,143
Hail and wind events since 199619151 / 922,040 / 3,143
Winter storm events since 19963674 / 922,306 / 3,143
Reported damage since 1996$5.4 million66 / 922,335 / 3,143
River crests at major flood stage629 / 92771 / 3,143
High tide flooding days a year, last 10 years0.0——
Months in severe drought since 189512073 / 921,742 / 3,143
Medium or heavy smoke days a year, last 10 years18.451 / 921,174 / 3,143
Earthquakes M4+ within 50 mi since 19000——
Earthquakes M2.5+ in the county since 19730——

Neighbouring counties

Neighbouring counties
Decatur County250030
Fayette County100040
Franklin County130053
Hancock County240093
Henry County230033
Shelby County3500232

Sources and vintage

Every number on this page comes from these public records.

  • Tornadoes NOAA Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, through 2025.
  • Tropical cyclones NOAA National Hurricane Center HURDAT2 (Atlantic; Northeast and Central Pacific), through 2025.
  • Wildfire USGS/USFS Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity, through 2026.
  • Storm events NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, through 2026.
  • Flood insurance OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026.
  • Declarations OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries v2, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Weather records NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily, station USC00127646.
  • River crests NOAA National Weather Service, National Water Prediction Service river gauges, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Drought NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, through September 2026.
  • Smoke NOAA NESDIS Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Earthquakes USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog (ComCat), retrieved October 30, 2026.

Joins, thresholds and known limits are set out in the methodology. Found an error? Report it. Page built October 30, 2026.