Wayne County

Population 19,597 (2025) 458 sq mi

Property owners in Wayne County have filed 1 federal flood insurance claims since 1978, 112th most of 120 counties in Kentucky.

Hazard fingerprint for Wayne County Tornado: 27th percentile. Tropical: 20th percentile. Wildfire: 21th percentile. Flood: 47th percentile. Hail & wind: 69th percentile. Heat: 43th percentile. Cold: 56th percentile. Winter: 35th percentile. TORTROPFIREFLOODSEVEREHEATCOLDWINTER

Hazard fingerprint Each spoke is this county’s percentile among U.S. counties where that hazard occurs. How it is computed

2026
  • Tornado damage paths since 19509
  • Tropical cyclone tracks within 100 miles since 1851, wider where stronger3
  • Wildfire burn scars since 19843

At a glance

The record for Wayne County in eight numbers. Each links to its section below.

Flood insurance claims

1

112th of 120 in Kentucky

$3,107 paid since 2021

Details

Tornadoes since 1950

9

67th of 120 in Kentucky

About as many as the typical Kentucky county

Details

Acres burned since 1984

1,215

30th of 120 in Kentucky

3 large fires; the largest was Sand Mine, 2022

Details

Tropical cyclones within 50 mi

2

47th of 120 in Kentucky

None at hurricane strength since 1851

Details

Strongest tornado

F4

April 3, 1974, 38.4 mile path

Strongest tropical cyclone

TS

Tropical storm Frederic, 1979, 0.0 miles away

Federal disaster declarations

26

Most recent: Severe Storms, Straight-Line Winds, Flooding, Landslides, and Mudslides, 2026

Details

Record high

103°F

Reached 2 times, most recently July 2, 2012

Details

Tornadoes

About one every 8.4 years since 1950, 5 of them rated F3/EF3 or stronger.

Strongest

April 3, 1974

F4, 38.4 mile path

10 yards wide; 10 killed along the whole path.

Most recent

Sunday, February 28, 2021

EF1, 3.7 mile path

5 years ago.

Tornadoes by decade Doppler radar era² 1950s: 0 1960s: 0 1970s: 5 5 1980s: 0 1990s: 1 1 2000s: 1 1 2010s: 1 1 2020s: 1 1 1950s1960s1970s1980s1990s2000s2010s2020s
Recorded tornadoes per decade. The 2020s are incomplete.
Tornadoes by month J: 0 F: 1 M: 0 A: 7 7 M: 1 J: 0 J: 0 A: 0 S: 0 O: 0 N: 0 D: 0 JFMAMJJASOND
By month of occurrence, all years.

Every recorded tornado

Tornadoes in Wayne County since 1950
Feb 28, 2021EF13.77500
May 2, 2010EF20.210000
Apr 11, 2008EF28.740010
Apr 16, 1998F218.610000
Apr 3, 1974F416.11000
Apr 3, 1974F313.910452
Apr 3, 1974F411.030065
Apr 3, 1974F318.01050
Apr 3, 1974F438.41011310
  1. Injuries and deaths are for the tornado’s whole path, which may extend beyond the county. Deaths recorded within Wayne County: 4.
  2. Weak tornadoes were under-recorded before Doppler radar coverage became national in the early 1990s, so earlier decades read low. Ratings use the Fujita scale before February 2007 and the Enhanced Fujita scale after.

Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, 1950 to 2025.

Hurricanes and tropical storms

2 passed within 50 miles since 1851; none at hurricane strength.

Strongest within 50 miles

September 14, 1979

Frederic, Tropical storm

0.0 miles at closest approach, winds near 41 mph.

Most recent

September 27, 2024

Helene, Remnant low

0.0 miles at closest approach.

Every storm within 100 miles

Tropical cyclones within 100 miles
Helene20240.0Remnant low46Category 4
Opal19954.0Tropical storm40Category 4
Frederic19790.0Tropical storm41Category 4
Audrey195712.7Tropical storm41Category 3
Unnamed193265.4Post-tropical40Tropical storm
Unnamed19157.2Post-tropical40Category 4
Unnamed189219.0Post-tropical46Tropical storm
Unnamed188861.6Tropical storm53Category 3
  1. Tropical storms and hurricanes (34 kt or more, still tropical) at closest approach. Post-tropical remnants with gale-force winds are listed but not counted. Direct: track within 50 miles; near: within 100 miles. Distance is measured to the county boundary for counties and to the city centre for cities, using positions interpolated hourly between HURDAT2 fixes.

National Hurricane Center HURDAT2, 1851 to 2025.

Wildfire and smoke

1,215 acres burned in 3 large fires since 1984, equal to 0.4% of the land.

Largest

November 9, 2022

Sand Mine Fire, 613 acres

467 acres inside Wayne County.

Most recent

November 9, 2022

Sand Mine Fire

613 acres in total.

Acres burned since 1984, cumulative 2000: 4642009: 2842022: 467 1,215 acres 198519901995200020052010201520202025
Running total of acres burned inside the county (line) and each year’s acres (bars).

Every large fire

Large wildfires since 1984
Sand Mine2022467613
Group Camp2009284646
Unnamed2000463721
  1. Large fires mapped by the Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity program since 1984: 1,000 acres or more in the West, 500 or more in the East. Prescribed burns are excluded. Acres here are the part of each perimeter inside this place.

Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity (USGS and U.S. Forest Service), 1984 to 2026.

Smoke overhead

Smokiest year

2023: 52 days

Heavy smoke on 7 days in 2023, the most of any year.

Last 10 years

13.3 days a year

Medium or heavy smoke, 2016 to 2025.

2025

12 days

Medium or heavy smoke. 32 so far in 2026.

Days with medium or heavy smoke overhead, by year 2011: 3 2012: 5 2013: 2 2014: 3 2015: 4 2016: 1 2017: 1 2018: 4 2019: 7 2020: 9 2021: 25 2022: 12 2023: 52 52 2024: 10 2025: 12 201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022202320242025
Days each year on which a satellite-traced plume of medium or heavy smoke covered the county’s population centre, 2011 to 2025.
  1. A smoke day is a date on which a smoke plume traced by NOAA Hazard Mapping System analysts from satellite imagery covered this place's point (the county's population centre or the city centre). Counts here are of medium or heavy smoke. Since 2018 analysts have often drawn light smoke as one area over most of the continent, so light-smoke counts are not comparable from year to year. The plumes show smoke anywhere in the air above, not air quality at the ground, and smoke hidden by cloud is missed.

NOAA Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, 2011 to 2026, retrieved October 30, 2026.

Floods and flood insurance

1 federal flood insurance claims since 2021, with $3,107 paid.

Federal flood insurance claims by year
Claims per year since 2021. Years with fewer than five claims are not shown.

Flood events since 1996

  • Flash Flood22
  • Flood8
  • Heavy Rain4

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026. NOAA Storm Events through 2026.

Drought

In severe drought or worse for 83 of 1,581 months since 1895 (5%); the longest spell lasted 18 months.

83

Months in severe drought or worse since 1895

11

Months in extreme drought

5%

Share of all months, severe or worse

3

Drought reports to the Weather Service since 1996

Lowest reading

January 1931

−4.63, extreme drought

Longest severe spell

18 months

June 1930 to November 1931.

Latest month

September 2026

−1.48, mild drought

Last severe month: November 2008.

Months in severe drought or worse, by year 1895: 0 1896: 0 1897: 0 1898: 0 1899: 0 1900: 0 1901: 0 1902: 0 1903: 0 1904: 1 1905: 2 1906: 0 1907: 0 1908: 0 1909: 0 1910: 0 1911: 0 1912: 0 1913: 2 1914: 6 1915: 0 1916: 0 1917: 0 1918: 0 1919: 0 1920: 0 1921: 0 1922: 0 1923: 0 1924: 0 1925: 2 1926: 0 1927: 0 1928: 0 1929: 0 1930: 7 1931: 11 11 1932: 0 1933: 0 1934: 0 1935: 0 1936: 2 1937: 0 1938: 0 1939: 1 1940: 2 1941: 5 1942: 4 1943: 0 1944: 0 1945: 0 1946: 0 1947: 1 1948: 1 1949: 0 1950: 0 1951: 0 1952: 0 1953: 3 1954: 9 1955: 1 1956: 0 1957: 0 1958: 0 1959: 0 1960: 0 1961: 0 1962: 0 1963: 0 1964: 0 1965: 0 1966: 1 1967: 0 1968: 0 1969: 0 1970: 0 1971: 0 1972: 0 1973: 0 1974: 0 1975: 0 1976: 0 1977: 0 1978: 0 1979: 0 1980: 1 1981: 3 1982: 0 1983: 0 1984: 0 1985: 0 1986: 2 1987: 0 1988: 3 1989: 0 1990: 0 1991: 0 1992: 0 1993: 0 1994: 0 1995: 0 1996: 0 1997: 0 1998: 0 1999: 0 2000: 0 2001: 0 2002: 0 2003: 0 2004: 0 2005: 2 2006: 1 2007: 5 2008: 5 2009: 0 2010: 0 2011: 0 2012: 0 2013: 0 2014: 0 2015: 0 2016: 0 2017: 0 2018: 0 2019: 0 2020: 0 2021: 0 2022: 0 2023: 0 2024: 0 2025: 0 18951905191519251935194519551965197519851995200520152025
Months each year with a Palmer index of −3 or lower, 1895 to 2025. Twelve means the whole year.
  1. The Palmer Drought Severity Index is computed by NOAA each month from the county's average temperature and precipitation, relative to the county's own climate. Zero is normal; -3 or lower is severe drought and -4 or lower extreme drought. It describes the long-term balance of moisture, not water supply or crop losses.

NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, 1895 to September 2026, issued October 6, 2026.

Earthquakes and landslides

1 earthquake of magnitude 4 or more within 50 miles since 1900; the largest was magnitude 4.0 in 1976.

0

Magnitude 2.5+ inside the county since 1973

7

Magnitude 3+ within 50 miles since 1973

1

Magnitude 4+ within 50 miles since 1900

0

Magnitude 5+ within 50 miles since 1900

Largest within 50 miles

January 19, 1976

Magnitude 4.0

5 km NNE of Artemus, Kentucky; 41.4 miles away, 3.1 miles deep.

Most recent, magnitude 3 or more

December 28, 2025

Magnitude 3.1

11 km ENE of Lancaster, Kentucky; 48.7 miles away.

Earthquakes of magnitude 3 or more within 50 miles, by year 1973: 0 1974: 0 1975: 0 1976: 1 1 1977: 0 1978: 0 1979: 0 1980: 0 1981: 0 1982: 0 1983: 1 1984: 0 1985: 0 1986: 0 1987: 0 1988: 0 1989: 0 1990: 0 1991: 0 1992: 0 1993: 0 1994: 0 1995: 0 1996: 0 1997: 0 1998: 0 1999: 1 2000: 0 2001: 0 2002: 0 2003: 0 2004: 1 2005: 0 2006: 0 2007: 0 2008: 0 2009: 1 2010: 0 2011: 0 2012: 0 2013: 0 2014: 0 2015: 0 2016: 0 2017: 0 2018: 0 2019: 0 2020: 1 2021: 0 2022: 0 2023: 0 2024: 0 2025: 1 19731978198319881993199820032008201320182023
Per year, 1973 to 2025.

Every earthquake of magnitude 4 or more within 50 miles

Earthquakes of magnitude 4 or more within 50 miles
Jan 19, 19764.041.43.15 km NNE of Artemus, Kentucky
  1. Earthquakes of magnitude 2.5 or more in the USGS Comprehensive Catalog since 1900. Within 50 miles means the epicentre lies within 50 miles of the county boundary (or inside the county).
  2. Small earthquakes were under-recorded before the modern seismic networks of the 1970s and are still missed in remote areas, so early decades read low. Magnitudes are as the catalogue reports them and mix scales (moment, local and body-wave).

USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog, 1900 to present, retrieved October 30, 2026.

Mapped landslides

2

Landslides mapped, probable or better

0

With a recorded date

1

Source inventory

Mapped by KY GS (2).

  1. Landslides mapped in the USGS compilation of landslide inventories across the United States (version 3.0, 2025), rated probable or better. The compilation joins inventories made by federal and state agencies for different purposes and areas, so the number mapped in a county reflects how closely it has been surveyed as much as how often its slopes fail. An area with few records may simply not have been mapped. Deaths are as recorded in the inventories; a slide listed in two inventories is counted once.

USGS Landslide Inventories across the United States, version 3.0, retrieved October 27, 2026.

Severe weather and other events

406 events in the National Weather Service record, 380 of them since 1996.

34

Hail reports, 1 inch or larger

3

Hail, 2 inches or larger

171

Damaging gusts, 58 mph+

49

Winter weather events since 1996

7

Heat events since 1996

12

Cold events since 1996

Largest hail

April 28, 2002

2.75 inches

Strongest measured or estimated gust

May 11, 2003

115 mph

More event types since 1996

Other Storm Events types since 1996
Lightning100Jun 23, 2019
Dense fog and smoke100Nov 15, 2010

Costliest events since 1996

  1. Apr 11, 2008Tornado$1.0 million
    National Weather Service narrative

    An EF2 tornado with maximum winds near 130 mph entered Wayne County from Clinton County along Pleasant Ridge Road. The tornado maintained a continuous 7 mile track east northeast before lifting 1.5 miles southwest of Monticello near Furnace Mountain.

  2. Jun 23, 2019Lightning$75,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Dispatch relayed a report of a lightning strike causing a tree to fall on a house and powerline in Monticello.

  3. May 16, 2025Thunderstorm Wind$55,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    A tree was blown down onto a mobile home, also causing electrical lines to fall on the home, in the 500 block of South Main Street in Monticello.

  4. May 8, 2025Hail$50,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Multiple pictures on social media showed baseball sized hail in Monticello. One such photo and stone was near the intersection of State Highway 3285 and State Highway 776.

  5. May 2, 2010Tornado$50,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    An EF2 tornado touched down 1 mile south of Betsey in the Meadow Creek area. The tornado had a path length of 1/4 of a mile and a path width of 100 yards. The estimated wind speeds associated with the tornado were 110 to 120 mph. The tornado downed numerous trees. The twister also blew part of the roof off of a brick home, causing the corner of an outside wall to collapse.

  6. Jan 29, 2008Thunderstorm Wind$50,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Trees were blown down across roads throughout the county by winds estimated at 63 mph.

  7. Feb 28, 2021Tornado$40,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    The tornado narrowed as it crossed from Clinton County (Louisville, KY County Warning Area) into Wayne County, with some straight line wind damage noted. The winds|generally were from the west to southwest surrounding the tornado.|The straight line winds of 65 to 75 mph damaged 2 barns.

  8. Apr 3, 2007Thunderstorm Wind$35,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    A cold front moved east from the Upper Midwest and the Central Plains on the afternoon of April 3rd. Very warm, moist, unstable air was in place over much of the region. A line of severe thunderstorms developed out ahead of the front, and plowed through many areas of Eastern Kentucky. This line of thunderstorms is also known as a squall line. Many reports of wind damage were received throughout Eastern Kentucky. Five tornadoes were confirmed to have touched down in Eastern Kentucky. Two tornadoes were confirmed in Pulaski County, and also in Harlan County, with one tornado confirmed in Laurel County. For Harlan County, these were the first tornadoes ever recorded in the County.…

  9. Jul 21, 2008Thunderstorm Wind$35,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Numerous trees and large limbs were blown down in the southern portion of the county.

  10. Jul 21, 2008Thunderstorm Wind$30,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Numerous trees and large limbs were blown down, especially near Lake Cumberland.

  1. Storm Events records before 1996 cover only tornadoes, thunderstorm wind and hail. Damage figures are as reported by the National Weather Service at the time, not adjusted for inflation.

NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, 1950 to 2026, issued October 26, 2026.

Weather records

From Oneida, 29 miles from the county’s population centre, with records from 1959.

All-time high
103°F2 times, most recently Jul 2, 2012
All-time low
−26°FJan 21, 1985
Warmest night
73°FJun 30, 2024
Coldest day
0°FDec 24, 2022
Wettest day
5.00 inJan 30, 2010
Snowiest day
10.0 inJan 30, 1966
Hottest year
1999mean 56.9°F
Coldest year
1976mean 51.4°F
Wettest year
201182.48 in
Driest year
200041.07 in
Snowiest season
25.6 in1983-84
Average monthly high and low temperature and precipitation, last 30 years, Oneida 32°F 45° 24° 5.1 Jan 50° 27° 5.3 Feb 59° 33° 5.4 Mar 68° 41° 5.1 Apr 76° 51° 5.0 May 83° 59° 5.1 Jun 85° 64° 6.2 Jul 85° 62° 4.3 Aug 80° 55° 3.9 Sep 70° 42° 3.2 Oct 58° 32° 3.6 Nov 49° 28° 5.7 Dec Precipitation, inches
Average daily high and low by month, and average monthly precipitation, over the last 30 years.
Nights at or below freezing per year 1976: 152 152 1980: 127 1981: 111 1983: 148 1984: 115 1985: 99 1986: 95 1990: 93 1999: 92 2000: 109 2002: 116 2004: 103 2005: 115 2006: 122 2007: 108 2008: 120 2009: 106 2010: 116 2011: 111 2013: 111 2014: 132 2015: 111 2016: 117 2017: 99 2018: 110 2019: 109 2020: 114 2021: 117 2022: 123 2023: 95 2024: 98 2025: 118 1976200220142024
Nights at or below freezing each complete year, last 50 years. Thirty-year average: 111.3.
Snowfall by winter 1976: 0.0 in 1977: 0.0 in 1979: 17.4 in 1980: 9.0 in 1981: 0.0 in 1982: 6.1 in 1983: 25.6 in 25.6 1984: 21.4 in 1985: 10.5 in 1986: 9.0 in 1988: 8.0 in 1990: 0.0 in 1995: 0.0 in 1996: 0.0 in 1997: 6.5 in 1998: 8.8 in 1999: 5.3 in 2000: 12.3 in 2001: 3.3 in 2002: 11.6 in 2004: 2.8 in 2005: 10.8 in 2006: 2.5 in 2008: 2.0 in 2009: 15.8 in 2014: 7.0 in 2015: 10.0 in 2016: 0.0 in 2017: 2.0 in 2018: 0.0 in 2019: 0.0 in 2020: 13.4 in 2021: 25.4 in 2022: 2.0 in 2023: 7.1 in 2024: 2.5 in 2025: 7.3 in 1976198820042019
Total snowfall each winter (July to June), last 50 winters.

Median first snow

December 29

Earliest: November 3, 1966

Median last snow

February 17

Latest: March 23, 1968

11 of 45 winters had no measurable snow.

Station Oneida (USC00406829), 1,440 ft elevation, 29.0 miles from the population centre. Daily records from 1959 to October 22, 2026; 94.4% of days in the last 30 years are complete. Records at a single station can differ from a city’s official threaded record, which may combine several stations.

NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily.

Federal disaster declarations

26 since 1953. The most recent: Severe Storms, Straight-Line Winds, Flooding, Landslides, and Mudslides, September 1, 2026.

Federal disaster declarations
Sep 1, 2026Severe StormSevere Storms, Straight-Line Winds, Flooding, Landslides, and MudslidesMajor disasterDR-4937-KY
May 29, 2026Winter StormSevere Winter StormMajor disasterDR-4913-KY
Jan 24, 2026Winter StormSevere Winter StormEmergencyEM-3633-KY
May 23, 2025Severe StormSevere Storms, Straight-Line Winds, and TornadoesMajor disasterDR-4875-KY
Apr 3, 2025Severe StormSevere Storms, Straight-Line Winds, Tornadoes, and FloodingEmergencyEM-3626-KY
Feb 24, 2025Severe StormSevere Storms, Straight-Line Winds, Flooding, Landslides, and MudslidesMajor disasterDR-4860-KY
Feb 16, 2025Severe StormSevere Storms, Straight-Line Winds, Flooding, and LandslidesEmergencyEM-3624-KY
Jul 23, 2024Severe StormSevere Storms, Straight-Line Winds, Tornadoes, Landslides, and MudslidesMajor disasterDR-4804-KY
Apr 10, 2023Severe StormSevere Storms, Straight-Line Winds, Tornadoes, Flooding, Landslides, and MudslidesMajor disasterDR-4702-KY
Mar 31, 2021Severe Ice StormSevere Winter Storms, Landslides, and MudslidesMajor disasterDR-4592-KY
Mar 28, 2020BiologicalCovid-19 PandemicMajor disasterDR-4497-KY
Mar 13, 2020BiologicalCovid-19EmergencyEM-3469-KY
Apr 17, 2019Severe StormSevere Storms, Straight-Line Winds, Flooding, Landslides, and MudslidesMajor disasterDR-4428-KY
Apr 30, 2015SnowstormSevere Winter Storms, Snowstorms, Flooding, Landslides, and MudslidesMajor disasterDR-4216-KY
May 11, 2010Severe StormSevere Storms, Flooding, Mudslides, and TornadoesMajor disasterDR-1912-KY
Sep 10, 2005HurricaneHurricane KatrinaEmergencyEM-3231-KY
Aug 6, 2004Severe StormSevere Storms and FloodingMajor disasterDR-1537-KY
Apr 4, 2002Severe StormSevere Storms and FloodingMajor disasterDR-1407-KY
Mar 3, 1998Severe StormSevere Winter StormMajor disasterDR-1207-KY
Jan 13, 1996SnowstormBlizzard of 96Major disasterDR-1089-KY
Mar 16, 1994SnowstormSevere Weather, Freezing Rain, Sleet, SnwMajor disasterDR-1018-KY
Mar 16, 1993SnowstormSevere Snowfall & Winter StormEmergencyEM-3104-KY
Jan 29, 1991FloodSevere Storms & FloodingMajor disasterDR-893-KY
May 15, 1984Severe StormHigh Winds, Tornadoes & FloodingMajor disasterDR-705-KY
Apr 4, 1974TornadoTornadoesMajor disasterDR-420-KY
May 15, 1972FloodHeavy Rains & FloodingMajor disasterDR-332-KY

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries, retrieved October 30, 2026. Statewide declarations are not listed.

How this compares

Where Wayne County stands among 120 counties in Kentucky and 3,143 in the United States.

Ranks
Tornadoes since 1950967 / 1202,326 / 3,143
Tornadoes rated F3/EF3 or stronger56 / 120242 / 3,143
Tropical cyclones within 50 mi247 / 1201,323 / 3,143
Hurricane-strength passes within 50 mi0——
Wildfire acres since 19841,21530 / 1201,270 / 3,143
Flood insurance claims1112 / 1202,799 / 3,143
Flood insurance paid$3,107113 / 1202,790 / 3,143
Disaster declarations2661 / 120672 / 3,143
Flood events since 199634103 / 1201,944 / 3,143
Hail and wind events since 199626722 / 1201,424 / 3,143
Winter storm events since 19964969 / 1201,994 / 3,143
Reported damage since 1996$2.2 million104 / 1202,746 / 3,143
River crests at major flood stage0——
High tide flooding days a year, last 10 years0.0——
Months in severe drought since 189583114 / 1202,808 / 3,143
Medium or heavy smoke days a year, last 10 years13.3100 / 1201,945 / 3,143
Earthquakes M4+ within 50 mi since 1900176 / 1201,397 / 3,143
Earthquakes M2.5+ in the county since 19730——

Neighbouring counties

Neighbouring counties
Clinton County172311
McCreary County10218,5751
Pickett County TN731282
Pulaski County27271029
Russell County9303
Scott County TN11324,6351

Sources and vintage

Every number on this page comes from these public records.

  • Tornadoes NOAA Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, through 2025.
  • Tropical cyclones NOAA National Hurricane Center HURDAT2 (Atlantic; Northeast and Central Pacific), through 2025.
  • Wildfire USGS/USFS Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity, through 2026.
  • Storm events NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, through 2026.
  • Flood insurance OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026.
  • Declarations OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries v2, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Weather records NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily, station USC00406829.
  • River crests NOAA National Weather Service, National Water Prediction Service river gauges, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Drought NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, through September 2026.
  • Smoke NOAA NESDIS Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Landslides USGS Landslide Inventories across the United States, version 3.0 (2025).
  • Earthquakes USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog (ComCat), retrieved October 30, 2026.

Joins, thresholds and known limits are set out in the methodology. Found an error? Report it. Page built October 30, 2026.