Calhoun County
Population 133,408 (2025) 706 sq mi
Calhoun County has recorded 19 tornadoes since 1950, 28th most of 83 counties in Michigan; the most recent was on May 15, 2025.
Hazard fingerprint Each spoke is this county’s percentile among U.S. counties where that hazard occurs. How it is computed
- Tornado damage paths since 195019
At a glance
The record for Calhoun County in eight numbers. Each links to its section below.
Strongest tornado
F3
March 27, 1991, 2.0 mile path
Snowiest season
113.5in
Winter of 2008-09
Tornadoes
About one every 4 years since 1950, one of them rated F3/EF3 or stronger.
Strongest
March 27, 1991
F3, 2.0 mile path
400 yards wide.
Most recent
Thursday, May 15, 2025
EF0, 8.5 mile path
Within the past year.
Every recorded tornado
| May 15, 2025 | EF0 | 8.5 | 0 | 0 |
| May 15, 2025 | EF0 | 10.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Feb 27, 2024 | EF1 | 5.8 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 5, 2010 | EF1 | 1.6 | 0 | 0 |
| Jul 20, 2003 | F1 | 8.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Jul 27, 2002 | F1 | 6.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 12, 1998 | F1 | 2.5 | 0 | 0 |
| Mar 27, 1991 | F3 | 2.0 | 18 | 0 |
| Aug 5, 1989 | F1 | 1.5 | 0 | 0 |
| Sep 10, 1986 | F1 | 3.8 | 0 | 0 |
| Jul 15, 1986 | F2 | 42.5 | 0 | 0 |
| May 18, 1984 | F0 | 13.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 15, 1982 | F1 | 1.5 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 17, 1981 | F0 | 0.6 | 0 | 0 |
| May 30, 1980 | F1 | 3.3 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 22, 1976 | F1 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 |
| Mar 20, 1976 | F1 | 6.2 | 0 | 0 |
| Aug 22, 1964 | F1 | 7.8 | 3 | 0 |
| May 28, 1955 | F2 | 64.6 | 1 | 0 |
- Injuries and deaths are for the tornado’s whole path, which may extend beyond the county. Deaths recorded within Calhoun County: 0.
- Weak tornadoes were under-recorded before Doppler radar coverage became national in the early 1990s, so earlier decades read low. Ratings use the Fujita scale before February 2007 and the Enhanced Fujita scale after.
Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, 1950 to 2025.
Hurricanes and tropical storms
No tropical storm or hurricane has tracked within 100 miles since records began in 1851.
Wildfire and smoke
No large wildfire has been mapped here since satellite mapping began in 1984.
Smoke overhead
Smokiest year
2023: 73 days
Heavy smoke on 16 days in 2023, the most of any year.
Last 10 years
23.4 days a year
Medium or heavy smoke, 2016 to 2025.
2025
25 days
Medium or heavy smoke. 39 so far in 2026.
- A smoke day is a date on which a smoke plume traced by NOAA Hazard Mapping System analysts from satellite imagery covered this place's point (the county's population centre or the city centre). Counts here are of medium or heavy smoke. Since 2018 analysts have often drawn light smoke as one area over most of the continent, so light-smoke counts are not comparable from year to year. The plumes show smoke anywhere in the air above, not air quality at the ground, and smoke hidden by cloud is missed.
NOAA Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, 2011 to 2026, retrieved October 30, 2026.
Floods and flood insurance
60 federal flood insurance claims since 1978, with $227,000 paid.
Most claims in one year
2008: 10 claims
$46,000 paid.
2nd most
2015: 5 claims
$48,000 paid.
Claims by ZIP code
| 49015 | 22 | $84,000 |
| 49014 | 14 | $87,000 |
| 49224 | 8 | $21,000 |
Flood events since 1996
- Flash Flood7
- Flood6
This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).
OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026. NOAA Storm Events through 2026.
River crests
Most severe crest
April 7, 1947
Battle Creek at Battle Creek, 4.48 ft
0.48 feet above the 4.0 ft flood stage; minor flooding by today’s categories.
River gauges
| Battle Creek at Battle Creek | 4.0 | 4.48 ft | 0 |
| Kalamazoo River at Battle Creek | 9.0 | 8.40 ft | 0 |
| Kalamazoo River at Marshall | 8.0 | 8.20 ft | 0 |
| St. Joseph River (MI/IN) at Burlington | 6.5 | 6.93 ft | 0 |
- Crests are the highest and the recent crests the National Weather Service lists for each river gauge in the county that has a flood stage, not every flood. Flood categories use each gauge's current flood stages; crests from before levees, dams or channel changes may not be comparable. Crests measured on an old datum are left out of the rankings.
NOAA National Water Prediction Service gauge records, retrieved October 30, 2026.
Drought
In severe drought or worse for 133 of 1,581 months since 1895 (8%); the longest spell lasted 25 months.
133
Months in severe drought or worse since 1895
44
Months in extreme drought
8%
Share of all months, severe or worse
Lowest reading
April 1931
−6.86, extreme drought
Longest severe spell
25 months
December 1962 to December 1964.
Latest month
September 2026
+1.67, slightly wet
Last severe month: May 2021.
- The Palmer Drought Severity Index is computed by NOAA each month from the county's average temperature and precipitation, relative to the county's own climate. Zero is normal; -3 or lower is severe drought and -4 or lower extreme drought. It describes the long-term balance of moisture, not water supply or crop losses.
NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, 1895 to September 2026, issued October 6, 2026.
Earthquakes
2 earthquakes of magnitude 4 or more within 50 miles since 1900; the largest was magnitude 4.6 in 1947.
1
Magnitude 2.5+ inside the county since 1973
4
Magnitude 3+ within 50 miles since 1973
2
Magnitude 4+ within 50 miles since 1900
0
Magnitude 5+ within 50 miles since 1900
Largest within 50 miles
August 9, 1947
Magnitude 4.6
Near Coldwater, Michigan; 17.9 miles away, 1.2 miles deep.
Most recent, magnitude 3 or more
June 30, 2015
Magnitude 3.3
5 km NNE of Burlington, Michigan; inside the county.
Every earthquake of magnitude 4 or more within 50 miles
| May 2, 2015 | 4.2 | 13.3 |
| Aug 9, 1947 | 4.6 | 17.9 |
- Earthquakes of magnitude 2.5 or more in the USGS Comprehensive Catalog since 1900. Within 50 miles means the epicentre lies within 50 miles of the county boundary (or inside the county).
- Small earthquakes were under-recorded before the modern seismic networks of the 1970s and are still missed in remote areas, so early decades read low. Magnitudes are as the catalogue reports them and mix scales (moment, local and body-wave).
USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog, 1900 to present, retrieved October 30, 2026.
Severe weather and other events
484 events in the National Weather Service record, 327 of them since 1996.
47
Hail reports, 1 inch or larger
6
Hail, 2 inches or larger
193
Damaging gusts, 58 mph+
74
Winter weather events since 1996
0
Heat events since 1996
0
Cold events since 1996
Largest hail
June 1, 2019
2.75 inches
Strongest measured or estimated gust
May 17, 1999
115 mph
More event types since 1996
| Lightning | 1 | 0 |
| Dense fog and smoke | 1 | 0 |
Costliest events since 1996
- May 29, 2011Thunderstorm Wind$25.0 million
National Weather Service narrative
The bowing segment of a line echo wave pattern caused extensive damage to homes, businesses, and utilities on the south side of Battle Creek along E Columbia Ave. Approximately 600 homes were damaged with 76 of those homes having been destroyed. Also, 21 businesses were damaged of which 4 were destroyed. To the north and east of the Battle Creek area, two dozen rural properties also sustained damage. Throughout the county, over 40,000 customers were without power and thousands of trees were either uprooted or snapped. The damage path was 33 miles long and ranged from 0.5 mile up to 2 miles in width.
- Mar 8, 2017High Wind, Calhoun$10.0 million
National Weather Service narrative
A peak wind gust of 59 mph was measured at the WK Kellogg airport in Battle Creek. Peak wind gusts in the 60 to 70 mph range resulted in numerous downed trees and limbs and power lines and widespread power outages.
- Apr 17, 2013Flood$5.0 million
National Weather Service narrative
Significant flooding occurred on rivers and streams across Calhoun county due to heavy rainfall and antecedent high river levels and saturated grounds.
- Aug 24, 2023Thunderstorm Wind$5.0 million
National Weather Service narrative
There were multiple reports of downed trees and limbs and power lines.
- Feb 24, 2019High Wind, Calhoun$5.0 million
National Weather Service narrative
Wind gusts up to around 60 mph downed tree limbs and power lines and resulted in widespread power outages.
- Jun 5, 2010Tornado$2.0 million
National Weather Service narrative
The tornado touched down near the intersection of Capitol Avenue and East Stafford Avenue just east of Goguac Lake and moved east just missing Riverside Elementary School and then moving along Chapel Hill Drive where it reached its peak intensity. The tornado then weakened as it moved across Interstate 194 before finally dissipating as it crossed 6 1/2 mile road. Three houses and Chapel Hill Methodist Church suffered partial loss of their roofs which along with approximately 100 snapped and uprooted trees resulted in a rating of EF1 along Chapel Hill Drive. The remainder of the track was rated EF0 where clusters of trees were uprooted or snapped with only minor damage occurring to…
- Jul 1, 2014Thunderstorm Wind$2.0 million
National Weather Service narrative
An NWS storm survey indicated that winds reached up to 80 to 90 mph near to northeast of Albion in Calhoun county, where numerous trees and power lines were blown down with extensive power outages. One roof was also blown off a home. A 74 mph wind gust was measured at Brooks field.
- Oct 26, 1997Heavy Snow, Calhoun$1.2 million
National Weather Service narrative
An early season winter storm which tracked south of Michigan, across Indiana and Ohio, produced a band of heavy, wet snow across much of southwest, south central, and central Lower Michigan. This was the first measurable snowfall of the season and because of significant foliage still left on the trees, limbs and branches were more vulnerable to bending and snapping under the added weight of the heavy snow. This resulted in numerous power outages and reports of property damage from downed trees. At the height of the storm, which occurred late Sunday evening, October 26th into early Monday morning, October 27th, power outages affected 333,000 utility customers statewide. Of these,…
- Oct 24, 2001Thunderstorm Wind$1.0 million
National Weather Service narrative
A major severe weather episode occurred across southern lower Michigan, highlighted by three supercell thunderstorms that caused extensive damage. The first supercell storm moved into southwest Kalamazoo county just southwest of Schoolcraft. This storm moved northeast at 50 to 55 m.p.h. across Kalamazoo, extreme northwest Calhoun, southeast Barry, northwest Eaton, southeast Ionia, northwest Clinton and Gratiot counties. It produced a swath of damage 2 miles wide in which thousands of trees were either broken off or uprooted, and some structural damage occurred to homes, barns and larger buildings. Much of the damage resulted from trees falling on homes. A few older homes had major…
- Dec 21, 2013Ice Storm, Calhoun$1.0 million
National Weather Service narrative
An ice storm brought a half to three quarters of an inch of ice accumulation to the northern half of Calhoun county, causing numerous power outages and downed tree limbs and lines.
- Storm Events records before 1996 cover only tornadoes, thunderstorm wind and hail. Damage figures are as reported by the National Weather Service at the time, not adjusted for inflation.
NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, 1950 to 2026, issued October 26, 2026.
Weather records
From Battle Creek 5NW, 9.7 miles from the county’s population centre, with records from 1948.
- All-time high
- 104°FJul 6, 2012
- All-time low
- −21°FJan 24, 2026
- Warmest night
- 80°FJul 31, 2006
- Coldest day
- −3°FJan 17, 1982
- Wettest day
- 6.44 inJun 26, 1978
- Snowiest day
- 21.1 inJan 26, 1967
- Hottest year
- 2024mean 52.6°F
- Coldest year
- 2014mean 45.8°F
- Wettest year
- 198547.67 in
- Driest year
- 200918.73 in
- Snowiest season
- 113.5 in2008-09
Median first snow
November 12
Earliest: October 11, 1988
Median last snow
April 9
Latest: May 4, 1954
0 of 72 winters had no measurable snow.
Station Battle Creek 5NW (USC00200552), 923 ft elevation, 9.7 miles from the population centre. Daily records from 1948 to October 24, 2026; 89.5% of days in the last 30 years are complete. Records at a single station can differ from a city’s official threaded record, which may combine several stations.
NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily.
Federal disaster declarations
9 since 1953. The most recent: Covid-19 Pandemic, March 27, 2020.
| Mar 27, 2020 | Biological | DR-4494-MI |
| Mar 13, 2020 | Biological | EM-3455-MI |
| Sep 7, 2005 | Hurricane | EM-3225-MI |
| Sep 23, 2003 | Other | EM-3189-MI |
| Jan 10, 2001 | Snowstorm | EM-3160-MI |
| Sep 8, 1980 | Flood | DR-631-MI |
| Jan 27, 1978 | Snowstorm | EM-3057-MI |
| Apr 26, 1975 | Flood | DR-465-MI |
| Apr 5, 1972 | Snowstorm | DR-330-MI |
This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).
OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries, retrieved October 30, 2026. Statewide declarations are not listed.
How this compares
Where Calhoun County stands among 83 counties in Michigan and 3,143 in the United States.
| Tornadoes since 1950 | 19 | 28 / 83 |
| Tornadoes rated F3/EF3 or stronger | 1 | 28 / 83 |
| Tropical cyclones within 50 mi | 0 | — |
| Hurricane-strength passes within 50 mi | 0 | — |
| Wildfire acres since 1984 | 0 | — |
| Flood insurance claims | 60 | 29 / 83 |
| Flood insurance paid | $227,000 | 44 / 83 |
| Disaster declarations | 9 | 39 / 83 |
| Flood events since 1996 | 13 | 43 / 83 |
| Hail and wind events since 1996 | 231 | 26 / 83 |
| Winter storm events since 1996 | 74 | 54 / 83 |
| Reported damage since 1996 | $68.8 million | 17 / 83 |
| River crests at major flood stage | 0 | — |
| High tide flooding days a year, last 10 years | 0.0 | — |
| Months in severe drought since 1895 | 133 | 28 / 83 |
| Medium or heavy smoke days a year, last 10 years | 23.4 | 69 / 83 |
| Earthquakes M4+ within 50 mi since 1900 | 2 | 1 / 83 |
| Earthquakes M2.5+ in the county since 1973 | 1 | 1 / 83 |
Neighbouring counties
| Barry County | 21 | 0 |
| Branch County | 22 | 0 |
| Eaton County | 26 | 0 |
| Hillsdale County | 26 | 0 |
| Jackson County | 20 | 0 |
| Kalamazoo County | 27 | 0 |
| St. Joseph County | 17 | 0 |
Sources and vintage
Every number on this page comes from these public records.
- Tornadoes NOAA Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, through 2025.
- Tropical cyclones NOAA National Hurricane Center HURDAT2 (Atlantic; Northeast and Central Pacific), through 2025.
- Wildfire USGS/USFS Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity, through 2026.
- Storm events NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, through 2026.
- Flood insurance OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026.
- Declarations OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries v2, retrieved October 30, 2026.
- Weather records NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily, station USC00200552.
- River crests NOAA National Weather Service, National Water Prediction Service river gauges, retrieved October 30, 2026.
- Drought NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, through September 2026.
- Smoke NOAA NESDIS Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, retrieved October 30, 2026.
- Earthquakes USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog (ComCat), retrieved October 30, 2026.
Joins, thresholds and known limits are set out in the methodology. Found an error? Report it. Page built October 30, 2026.