Dickinson County

Population 25,827 (2025) 761 sq mi

Property owners in Dickinson County have filed 6 federal flood insurance claims since 1978, 65th most of 83 counties in Michigan.

Hazard fingerprint for Dickinson County Tornado: 19th percentile. Tropical: 0th percentile. Wildfire: 0th percentile. Flood: 27th percentile. Hail & wind: 26th percentile. Heat: 43th percentile. Cold: 91th percentile. Winter: 87th percentile. TORTROPFIREFLOODSEVEREHEATCOLDWINTER

Hazard fingerprint Each spoke is this county’s percentile among U.S. counties where that hazard occurs. How it is computed

2026
  • Tornado damage paths since 19509

At a glance

The record for Dickinson County in eight numbers. Each links to its section below.

Flood insurance claims

6

65th of 83 in Michigan

$15,000 paid since 1987

Details

Tornadoes since 1950

9

51st of 83 in Michigan

Fewer than the typical Michigan county, which has had 13

Details

Strongest tornado

F3

July 11, 1987, 71.0 mile path

Federal disaster declarations

5

Most recent: Covid-19 Pandemic, 2020

Details

Record high

104°F

July 29, 1917

Details

Record low

−39°F

Reached 2 times, most recently February 4, 1996

Details

Snowiest season

128.5in

Winter of 1938-39

Costliest event since 1996

$7.0M

Tornado, September 30, 2002

Details

Tornadoes

About one every 8.4 years since 1950, one of them rated F3/EF3 or stronger.

Strongest

July 11, 1987

F3, 71.0 mile path

150 yards wide.

Most recent

Tuesday, July 27, 2010

EF0, 0.2 mile path

16 years ago.

Tornadoes by decade Doppler radar era² 1950s: 0 1960s: 0 1970s: 1 1 1980s: 2 2 1990s: 0 2000s: 4 4 2010s: 2 2 2020s: 0 1950s1960s1970s1980s1990s2000s2010s2020s
Recorded tornadoes per decade. The 2020s are incomplete.
Tornadoes by month J: 0 F: 0 M: 0 A: 1 M: 0 J: 2 J: 3 3 A: 0 S: 3 O: 0 N: 0 D: 0 JFMAMJJASOND
By month of occurrence, all years.

Every recorded tornado

Tornadoes in Dickinson County since 1950
Jul 27, 2010EF00.29000
Jul 27, 2010EF00.310000
Sep 30, 2002F00.810000
Sep 30, 2002F03.010000
Sep 30, 2002F15.240000
Jun 10, 2000F17.530000
Jul 11, 1987F371.015000
Jun 14, 1981F22.69000
Apr 21, 1974F10.11000
  1. Injuries and deaths are for the tornado’s whole path, which may extend beyond the county. Deaths recorded within Dickinson County: 0.
  2. Weak tornadoes were under-recorded before Doppler radar coverage became national in the early 1990s, so earlier decades read low. Ratings use the Fujita scale before February 2007 and the Enhanced Fujita scale after.

Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, 1950 to 2025.

Hurricanes and tropical storms

No tropical storm or hurricane has tracked within 100 miles since records began in 1851.

Wildfire and smoke

No large wildfire has been mapped here since satellite mapping began in 1984.

Smoke overhead

Smokiest year

2023: 76 days

Heavy smoke on 22 days in 2023, the most of any year.

Last 10 years

28.6 days a year

Medium or heavy smoke, 2016 to 2025.

2025

24 days

Medium or heavy smoke. 39 so far in 2026.

Days with medium or heavy smoke overhead, by year 2011: 6 2012: 11 2013: 15 2014: 10 2015: 18 2016: 8 2017: 15 2018: 23 2019: 17 2020: 14 2021: 50 2022: 18 2023: 76 76 2024: 41 2025: 24 201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022202320242025
Days each year on which a satellite-traced plume of medium or heavy smoke covered the county’s population centre, 2011 to 2025.
  1. A smoke day is a date on which a smoke plume traced by NOAA Hazard Mapping System analysts from satellite imagery covered this place's point (the county's population centre or the city centre). Counts here are of medium or heavy smoke. Since 2018 analysts have often drawn light smoke as one area over most of the continent, so light-smoke counts are not comparable from year to year. The plumes show smoke anywhere in the air above, not air quality at the ground, and smoke hidden by cloud is missed.

NOAA Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, 2011 to 2026, retrieved October 30, 2026.

Floods and flood insurance

6 federal flood insurance claims since 1987, with $15,000 paid.

Federal flood insurance claims by year
Claims per year since 1987. Years with fewer than five claims are not shown.

Flood events since 1996

  • Flash Flood13
  • Heavy Rain12
  • Flood4

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026. NOAA Storm Events through 2026.

River crests

Most severe crest

April 20, 2002

Michigamme River near Witch Lake, 13.10 ft

4.10 feet above the 9.0 ft flood stage; major flooding by today’s categories.

Most recent moderate or major crest

April 20, 2026

Michigamme River near Witch Lake, 12.03 ft

Major flooding.

Highest river crests above flood stage
Apr 20, 2002Michigamme River near Witch Lake13.10+4.10Major
Apr 20, 2026Michigamme River near Witch Lake12.03+3.03Major
Apr 19, 2023Michigamme River near Witch Lake11.97+2.97Moderate
Apr 19, 2002Menominee River at Vulcan17.72+2.72Moderate
May 11, 1965Michigamme River near Witch Lake11.60+2.60Moderate
Apr 27, 1996Menominee River at Vulcan17.39+2.39Moderate
Apr 16, 2023Menominee River at Vulcan17.36+2.36Moderate
Apr 15, 2026Menominee River at Vulcan17.23+2.23Moderate
Apr 28, 1979Michigamme River near Witch Lake11.22+2.22Moderate
Apr 21, 1976Michigamme River near Witch Lake11.01+2.01Moderate
Apr 27, 2019Michigamme River near Witch Lake11.00+2.00Moderate
Apr 25, 2019Menominee River at Vulcan15.95+0.95Minor
May 7, 1975Michigamme River near Witch Lake9.90+0.90Minor
Apr 19, 1967Michigamme River near Witch Lake9.85+0.85Minor
Apr 22, 2004Michigamme River near Witch Lake9.78+0.78Minor
May 6, 2013Michigamme River near Witch Lake9.58+0.58Minor
Apr 24, 1969Michigamme River near Witch Lake9.55+0.55Minor
Apr 26, 2008Michigamme River near Witch Lake9.35+0.35Minor
May 13, 2014Michigamme River near Witch Lake9.29+0.29Minor
Apr 27, 2025Michigamme River near Witch Lake8.75−0.25Action
Apr 28, 2022Michigamme River near Witch Lake8.74−0.26Action
Apr 27, 1966Michigamme River near Witch Lake8.63−0.37Action
Apr 26, 2001Michigamme River near Witch Lake8.60−0.40Action
Apr 22, 1977Michigamme River near Witch Lake8.53−0.47Action
May 3, 2013Menominee River at Vulcan14.46−0.54Action

River gauges

River gauges and their highest listed crests
Menominee River at Vulcan15.017.72 ftApr 19, 20020
Michigamme River near Witch Lake9.013.10 ftApr 20, 20022
  1. Crests are the highest and the recent crests the National Weather Service lists for each river gauge in the county that has a flood stage, not every flood. Flood categories use each gauge's current flood stages; crests from before levees, dams or channel changes may not be comparable. Crests measured on an old datum are left out of the rankings.

NOAA National Water Prediction Service gauge records, retrieved October 30, 2026.

Drought

In severe drought or worse for 147 of 1,581 months since 1895 (9%); the longest spell lasted 16 months.

147

Months in severe drought or worse since 1895

81

Months in extreme drought

9%

Share of all months, severe or worse

Lowest reading

January 1977

−7.35, extreme drought

Longest severe spell

16 months

October 2011 to January 2013.

Latest month

September 2026

−3.53, severe drought

Months in severe drought or worse, by year 1895: 3 1896: 3 1897: 0 1898: 0 1899: 0 1900: 0 1901: 0 1902: 0 1903: 0 1904: 0 1905: 0 1906: 0 1907: 0 1908: 3 1909: 5 1910: 7 1911: 6 1912: 0 1913: 0 1914: 0 1915: 0 1916: 0 1917: 0 1918: 0 1919: 0 1920: 0 1921: 2 1922: 1 1923: 0 1924: 0 1925: 1 1926: 0 1927: 0 1928: 0 1929: 0 1930: 2 1931: 8 1932: 0 1933: 4 1934: 2 1935: 0 1936: 0 1937: 2 1938: 0 1939: 2 1940: 1 1941: 0 1942: 0 1943: 0 1944: 0 1945: 0 1946: 0 1947: 0 1948: 5 1949: 1 1950: 0 1951: 0 1952: 0 1953: 0 1954: 0 1955: 0 1956: 0 1957: 0 1958: 0 1959: 0 1960: 0 1961: 0 1962: 0 1963: 3 1964: 3 1965: 0 1966: 0 1967: 0 1968: 0 1969: 0 1970: 0 1971: 0 1972: 0 1973: 0 1974: 0 1975: 0 1976: 4 1977: 6 1978: 0 1979: 0 1980: 0 1981: 0 1982: 0 1983: 0 1984: 0 1985: 0 1986: 0 1987: 3 1988: 4 1989: 3 1990: 4 1991: 0 1992: 0 1993: 0 1994: 0 1995: 0 1996: 0 1997: 0 1998: 4 1999: 0 2000: 0 2001: 0 2002: 0 2003: 0 2004: 0 2005: 0 2006: 0 2007: 6 2008: 4 2009: 10 2010: 3 2011: 3 2012: 12 12 2013: 1 2014: 0 2015: 0 2016: 0 2017: 0 2018: 0 2019: 0 2020: 0 2021: 3 2022: 5 2023: 2 2024: 5 2025: 0 18951905191519251935194519551965197519851995200520152025
Months each year with a Palmer index of −3 or lower, 1895 to 2025. Twelve means the whole year.
  1. The Palmer Drought Severity Index is computed by NOAA each month from the county's average temperature and precipitation, relative to the county's own climate. Zero is normal; -3 or lower is severe drought and -4 or lower extreme drought. It describes the long-term balance of moisture, not water supply or crop losses.

NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, 1895 to September 2026, issued October 6, 2026.

Earthquakes

2 earthquakes of magnitude 2.5 or more within 50 miles since 1905; none reached magnitude 4.

0

Magnitude 2.5+ inside the county since 1973

0

Magnitude 3+ within 50 miles since 1973

0

Magnitude 4+ within 50 miles since 1900

0

Magnitude 5+ within 50 miles since 1900

Largest within 50 miles

March 13, 1905

Magnitude 3.4

Near Marinette, Wisconsin; 50.0 miles away.

Most recent, magnitude 3 or more

March 13, 1905

Magnitude 3.4

Near Marinette, Wisconsin; 50.0 miles away.

  1. Earthquakes of magnitude 2.5 or more in the USGS Comprehensive Catalog since 1900. Within 50 miles means the epicentre lies within 50 miles of the county boundary (or inside the county).
  2. Small earthquakes were under-recorded before the modern seismic networks of the 1970s and are still missed in remote areas, so early decades read low. Magnitudes are as the catalogue reports them and mix scales (moment, local and body-wave).

USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog, 1900 to present, retrieved October 30, 2026.

Severe weather and other events

505 events in the National Weather Service record, 478 of them since 1996.

41

Hail reports, 1 inch or larger

5

Hail, 2 inches or larger

104

Damaging gusts, 58 mph+

175

Winter weather events since 1996

7

Heat events since 1996

52

Cold events since 1996

Largest hail

June 9, 2000

2.75 inches

Strongest measured or estimated gust

July 4, 2012

90 mph

More event types since 1996

Other Storm Events types since 1996
Lightning300May 20, 2012
Dense fog and smoke600Jul 15, 2026

Costliest events since 1996

  1. Sep 30, 2002Tornado$7.0 million
    National Weather Service narrative

    This tornado developed over northeast Florence County, WI (See Storm Data for Wisconsin, Northeastern, for more information on the beginning portion of this tornado) and crossed the Menominee River just south of the Iron Mountain-Kingsford airport. The storm moved east-northeast into Kingsford and Iron Mountain. As the storm moved into Iron Mountain, the track shifted more to the east and the damage path became more sporadic before the tornado lifted completely on the east side of Iron Mountain. Numerous trees and power lines were knocked down, blocking highway US-2 and disrupting electric power and telephone service. Gas lines were ruptured and several commercial buildings…

  2. Jul 30, 1999Thunderstorm Wind$500,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Scattered reports of trees down. Part of the roof on the North Dickinson School was torn off and carried several hundered yards east over the football field. The wood framed, sheet metal-sided bus garage was considered a total loss and a bus inside the garage was slightly damaged. Near Merriman, an all-terrain vehicle was crushed, two houses suffered roof damage, and a shed and a van were seriously damaged by falling trees. A pick-up truck was crushed by a falling tree in Hardwood.

  3. Jun 9, 2000Hail$225,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Warm air and gulf moisture surging north ahead of a surface low pressure area over the Northern Plains helped fuel thunderstorms which developed late on June 8th and the early morning of the 9th. The thunderstorms developed along and north of a warm front and were aided by widespread converging air in the low levels and divergence aloft. Shortly after midnight, a line of thunderstorms moved from Gogebic County, east, through southern Iron and central Dickinson Counties, producing large hail which damaged homes and vehicles in Iron River and Randville. An eye-witness reported hail falling so hard, it seemed like a snowstorm. About 700 vehicles and 575 homes suffered hail damage,…

  4. Oct 17, 2016Flash Flood$200,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    The Dickinson County Emergency Manager reported two county roads completely cut in two from flooding, one of which was CR-581. Seven other county roads were partially washed out. The total damage estimate was near $200,000.

  5. Oct 5, 2005Lightning$140,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    One home in the Breitung Township was totally destroyed by a lightning-strike induced fire. Another home on North Evergreen Drive sustained major damage when lightning struck a nearby pine tree.

  6. Apr 13, 2023Flood$100,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Flooding along the Michigamme River including secondary roads and property constituted much of the flood impacts in April for Dickinson County. County Road 577 in Vulcan was also closed from the 15th into the 17th due to high water. Governor Whitmer declared a state of emergency for Dickinson County on the 21st to open up state funds to assist in flood recovery efforts.

  7. Jun 25, 1998Thunderstorm Wind$100,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Thunderstorm downburst winds downed trees up to 12 inches in diameter in Iron Mountain, Kingsford and Vulcan. A 60 mph wind gust downed traffic signals in Norway. Several vehicles damaged. There were a total of 16 house and tree fires started by lightning from this storm.

  8. Jul 20, 2010Thunderstorm Wind$75,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Numerous trees and power lines were reported down. Damage was also reported to homes and cars from downed trees. Street flooding also occurred.

  9. Jul 4, 2012Thunderstorm Wind$70,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    The storm survey indicated a four-mile path of straight line wind damage across the Sawyer and Edey Lake area east of Channing. There was evidence of gustnadoes along the main straight line wind core. Straight-line wind speeds were estimated at 60-70 mph with pockets of near 90 mph winds within the gustnado damage. Numerous large trees were uprooted with smaller trees snapped off from the strong winds. Within the area of strongest wind damage several of the large trees fell on houses and vehicles and knocked down power poles and power lines. The 911 call center also reported that numerous witnesses saw a waterspout on Sawyer Lake which moved onshore towards Woodlawn Lane.

  10. Nov 10, 1998High Wind, Dickinson$50,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    On the 23rd anniversary of the 1975 storm that sank the Edmond Fitzgerald on Lake Superior, a deep low pressure system (central pressure 28.41 inches of mercury) developed over the central plains and tracked northeast across western Lake Superior. Strong winds spread over Michigan's Upper Peninsula with sustained speeds of 30 to 40 mph and gusts as high as 87 mph. A gust of 94 mph was recorded by the Ontonagon County Road Commission. Damage was reported across the region with business signs blown down and roofs damaged as well as damage to homes, vehicles, utility poles, power lines and transformers from falling trees and branches. The strong winds even blew away a city's holiday…

  1. Storm Events records before 1996 cover only tornadoes, thunderstorm wind and hail. Damage figures are as reported by the National Weather Service at the time, not adjusted for inflation.

NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, 1950 to 2026, issued October 26, 2026.

Weather records

From Iron Mtn-kingsford Wwtp, 4.7 miles from the county’s population centre, with records from 1899.

All-time high
104°FJul 29, 1917
All-time low
−39°F2 times, most recently Feb 4, 1996
Warmest night
85°F2 times, most recently Jul 27, 1919
Coldest day
−15°FJan 18, 1994
Wettest day
4.06 inAug 29, 1941
Snowiest day
21.0 inMar 16, 2026
Hottest year
1931mean 48.4°F
Coldest year
1917mean 38.7°F
Wettest year
195145.42 in
Driest year
190719.82 in
Snowiest season
128.5 in1938-39
Average monthly high and low temperature and precipitation, last 30 years, Iron Mtn-kingsford Wwtp 32°F 24° 6° 1.4 Jan 29° 6° 1.3 Feb 39° 17° 1.9 Mar 52° 30° 3.1 Apr 66° 42° 3.2 May 76° 52° 3.9 Jun 81° 57° 3.4 Jul 78° 55° 3.2 Aug 71° 48° 3.2 Sep 57° 36° 3.1 Oct 42° 25° 1.8 Nov 29° 13° 1.8 Dec Precipitation, inches
Average daily high and low by month, and average monthly precipitation, over the last 30 years.
Nights at or below freezing per year 1976: 203 1977: 167 1978: 193 1979: 194 1980: 190 1981: 181 1982: 180 1983: 187 1984: 184 1985: 178 1986: 178 1987: 152 1988: 205 205 1989: 201 1990: 197 1991: 185 1992: 183 1993: 188 1994: 188 1995: 182 1996: 196 1997: 195 1998: 155 1999: 174 2000: 178 2001: 164 2002: 194 2003: 182 2004: 176 2005: 180 2006: 178 2007: 174 2008: 176 2009: 182 2010: 169 2011: 185 2012: 176 2013: 188 2014: 183 2015: 169 2016: 166 2017: 179 2018: 195 2019: 183 2020: 196 2021: 174 2022: 187 2023: 175 2024: 168 2025: 179 19761986199620062016
Nights at or below freezing each complete year, last 50 years. Thirty-year average: 179.2.
Snowfall by winter 1976: 81.3 in 1977: 60.5 in 1978: 91.5 in 1979: 43.5 in 1980: 38.0 in 1981: 60.5 in 1982: 44.5 in 1983: 47.1 in 1984: 70.9 in 1985: 73.3 in 1987: 51.8 in 1988: 61.4 in 1989: 52.2 in 1990: 39.4 in 1991: 68.3 in 1992: 76.1 in 1994: 35.7 in 1995: 109.4 in 109.4 1996: 85.5 in 1997: 65.1 in 1998: 52.2 in 1999: 58.3 in 2000: 52.0 in 2001: 62.8 in 2002: 50.5 in 2003: 82.2 in 2004: 46.5 in 2005: 56.5 in 2006: 42.4 in 2007: 74.3 in 2008: 60.2 in 2009: 38.7 in 2010: 41.6 in 2011: 47.4 in 2012: 62.7 in 2013: 77.6 in 2014: 62.4 in 2015: 44.2 in 2018: 77.7 in 2019: 72.4 in 2020: 35.7 in 2021: 61.0 in 2022: 88.0 in 2023: 30.9 in 2024: 51.3 in 2025: 73.7 in 19761987199820082020
Total snowfall each winter (July to June), last 50 winters.

Median first snow

November 10

Earliest: September 26, 1965

Median last snow

April 13

Latest: May 29, 1947

0 of 99 winters had no measurable snow.

Station Iron Mtn-kingsford Wwtp (USC00204090), 1,071 ft elevation, 4.7 miles from the population centre. Daily records from 1899 to September 30, 2026; 99.0% of days in the last 30 years are complete. Records at a single station can differ from a city’s official threaded record, which may combine several stations.

NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily.

Federal disaster declarations

5 since 1953. The most recent: Covid-19 Pandemic, March 27, 2020.

Federal disaster declarations
Mar 27, 2020BiologicalCovid-19 PandemicMajor disasterDR-4494-MI
Mar 13, 2020BiologicalCovid-19EmergencyEM-3455-MI
Sep 7, 2005HurricaneHurricane Katrina EvacuationEmergencyEM-3225-MI
Jan 27, 1978SnowstormBlizzards & SnowstormsEmergencyEM-3057-MI
Mar 2, 1977DroughtDroughtEmergencyEM-3035-MI

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries, retrieved October 30, 2026. Statewide declarations are not listed.

How this compares

Where Dickinson County stands among 83 counties in Michigan and 3,143 in the United States.

Ranks
Tornadoes since 1950951 / 832,326 / 3,143
Tornadoes rated F3/EF3 or stronger128 / 831,281 / 3,143
Tropical cyclones within 50 mi0——
Hurricane-strength passes within 50 mi0——
Wildfire acres since 19840——
Flood insurance claims665 / 832,494 / 3,143
Flood insurance paid$15,00068 / 832,665 / 3,143
Disaster declarations579 / 833,081 / 3,143
Flood events since 19962914 / 832,147 / 3,143
Hail and wind events since 199620133 / 831,953 / 3,143
Winter storm events since 199617514 / 83406 / 3,143
Reported damage since 1996$9.1 million55 / 832,011 / 3,143
River crests at major flood stage215 / 831,260 / 3,143
High tide flooding days a year, last 10 years0.0——
Months in severe drought since 189514718 / 831,018 / 3,143
Medium or heavy smoke days a year, last 10 years28.68 / 83304 / 3,143
Earthquakes M4+ within 50 mi since 19000——
Earthquakes M2.5+ in the county since 19730——

Neighbouring counties

Neighbouring counties
Florence County WI5001
Iron County9003
Marinette County WI250022
Marquette County11011,51821
Menominee County90048

Sources and vintage

Every number on this page comes from these public records.

  • Tornadoes NOAA Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, through 2025.
  • Tropical cyclones NOAA National Hurricane Center HURDAT2 (Atlantic; Northeast and Central Pacific), through 2025.
  • Wildfire USGS/USFS Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity, through 2026.
  • Storm events NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, through 2026.
  • Flood insurance OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026.
  • Declarations OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries v2, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Weather records NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily, station USC00204090.
  • River crests NOAA National Weather Service, National Water Prediction Service river gauges, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Drought NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, through September 2026.
  • Smoke NOAA NESDIS Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Earthquakes USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog (ComCat), retrieved October 30, 2026.

Joins, thresholds and known limits are set out in the methodology. Found an error? Report it. Page built October 30, 2026.