McCurtain County
Population 30,744 (2025) 1,851 sq mi
McCurtain County has recorded 69 tornadoes since 1950, 31st most of 77 counties in Oklahoma; the most recent was on April 4, 2025.
Hazard fingerprint Each spoke is this county’s percentile among U.S. counties where that hazard occurs. How it is computed
- Tornado damage paths since 195069
- Tropical cyclone tracks within 100 miles since 1851, wider where stronger9
- Wildfire burn scars since 19848
At a glance
The record for McCurtain County in eight numbers. Each links to its section below.
Acres burned since 1984
25,122
36th of 77 in Oklahoma
8 large fires; the largest was Brantley Cabin, 2007
DetailsTropical cyclones within 50 mi
3
2nd of 77 in Oklahoma
None at hurricane strength since 1851
DetailsStrongest tornado
F5
April 2, 1982, 53.0 mile path
Strongest tropical cyclone
TS
Tropical storm Ike, 2008, 0.0 miles away
Federal disaster declarations
22
Most recent: Severe Storms, Straight-Line Winds, and Tornadoes, 2023
DetailsTornadoes
About one every 1.1 years since 1950, 5 of them rated F3/EF3 or stronger.
Strongest
April 2, 1982
F5, 53.0 mile path
500 yards wide.
Deadliest
April 23, 1953
1 killed, F2
14 injured along the whole path.
Most recent
Friday, April 4, 2025
EF1, 24.4 mile path
Within the past year.
Every recorded tornado
| Apr 4, 2025 | EF1 | 24.4 | 0 | 0 |
| Nov 4, 2024 | EF1 | 3.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Mar 14, 2024 | EF1 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 |
| Mar 2, 2023 | EF1 | 4.8 | 0 | 0 |
| Nov 4, 2022 | EF4 | 60.2 | 13 | 0 |
| Nov 4, 2022 | EF1 | 11.3 | 0 | 0 |
| Nov 4, 2022 | EF2 | 2.8 | 1 | 1 |
| May 16, 2020 | EF0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| May 16, 2020 | EFU | 2.2 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 28, 2020 | EF2 | 19.4 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 28, 2020 | EF1 | 3.2 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 19, 2019 | EF1 | 0.4 | 0 | 0 |
| May 29, 2019 | EF0 | 1.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Dec 12, 2015 | EF2 | 7.3 | 3 | 0 |
| Nov 5, 2015 | EF1 | 4.2 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 17, 2015 | EF0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| May 30, 2013 | EF2 | 8.6 | 5 | 0 |
| Nov 8, 2011 | EF1 | 6.2 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 25, 2011 | EF0 | 2.5 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 25, 2011 | EF0 | 9.2 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 14, 2011 | EF0 | 1.2 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 14, 2011 | EF0 | 4.6 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 14, 2011 | EF0 | 1.7 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 9, 2009 | EF3 | 37.2 | 7 | 0 |
| May 10, 2008 | EF0 | 0.4 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 9, 2008 | EF0 | 1.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 9, 2008 | EF0 | 1.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Mar 31, 2008 | EF1 | 4.9 | 0 | 0 |
| May 14, 2003 | F2 | 78.3 | 0 | 0 |
| May 1, 2003 | F2 | 13.0 | 0 | 0 |
| May 1, 2003 | F0 | 2.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 23, 2000 | F1 | 17.2 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 23, 2000 | F2 | 20.1 | 2 | 0 |
| May 4, 1999 | F2 | 14.6 | 7 | 0 |
| Feb 11, 1999 | F1 | 0.9 | 0 | 0 |
| Nov 13, 1993 | F0 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 |
| Nov 18, 1985 | F1 | 3.0 | 4 | 0 |
| Oct 31, 1984 | F1 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| May 2, 1984 | F1 | 8.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Dec 23, 1982 | F2 | 3.0 | 1 | 0 |
| Apr 2, 1982 | F3 | 52.0 | 4 | 1 |
| Apr 2, 1982 | F5 | 53.0 | 29 | 0 |
| Apr 11, 1979 | F2 | 42.0 | 20 | 0 |
| Feb 23, 1977 | F2 | 3.3 | 4 | 0 |
| May 14, 1974 | F1 | 1.0 | 0 | 0 |
| May 14, 1974 | F1 | 1.0 | 0 | 0 |
| May 1, 1974 | F1 | 5.2 | 1 | 0 |
| Nov 24, 1973 | F1 | 11.8 | 0 | 0 |
| Jul 6, 1973 | F1 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 |
| Oct 22, 1972 | F3 | 1.5 | 1 | 0 |
| Oct 22, 1972 | F2 | 0.5 | 1 | 0 |
| Dec 14, 1971 | F2 | 9.9 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 1, 1971 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Feb 4, 1971 | F1 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 |
| Oct 6, 1970 | F0 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 28, 1967 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 12, 1967 | F2 | 28.7 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 30, 1962 | F2 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Jul 23, 1961 | F2 | 1.0 | 0 | 0 |
| May 5, 1961 | F2 | 9.5 | 0 | 0 |
| May 20, 1960 | F1 | 0.8 | 0 | 0 |
| Nov 3, 1959 | F1 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Mar 4, 1959 | F2 | 0.8 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 2, 1957 | F1 | 11.2 | 0 | 0 |
| Feb 25, 1956 | F0 | 6.6 | 0 | 0 |
| May 2, 1954 | F1 | 2.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 23, 1953 | F2 | 0.8 | 14 | 1 |
| Apr 23, 1953 | F1 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 23, 1953 | F2 | 1.0 | 1 | 0 |
- Injuries and deaths are for the tornado’s whole path, which may extend beyond the county. Deaths recorded within McCurtain County: 2.
- Weak tornadoes were under-recorded before Doppler radar coverage became national in the early 1990s, so earlier decades read low. Ratings use the Fujita scale before February 2007 and the Enhanced Fujita scale after.
Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, 1950 to 2025.
Hurricanes and tropical storms
3 passed within 50 miles since 1851; none at hurricane strength.
Strongest within 50 miles
September 14, 2008
Ike, Tropical storm
0.0 miles at closest approach, winds near 40 mph.
Most recent
September 14, 2008
Ike, Tropical storm
0.0 miles at closest approach.
Every storm within 100 miles
- Tropical storms and hurricanes (34 kt or more, still tropical) at closest approach. Post-tropical remnants with gale-force winds are listed but not counted. Direct: track within 50 miles; near: within 100 miles. Distance is measured to the county boundary for counties and to the city centre for cities, using positions interpolated hourly between HURDAT2 fixes.
National Hurricane Center HURDAT2, 1851 to 2025.
Wildfire and smoke
25,122 acres burned in 8 large fires since 1984, equal to 2.1% of the land.
Largest
March 20, 2007
Brantley Cabin Fire, 9,662 acres
9,665 acres inside McCurtain County.
Most recent
October 14, 2022
Bethel Fire
3,292 acres in total.
Every large fire
| Bethel Fire | 2022 | 3,292 | 3,292 |
| Blue Hole Fire | 2022 | 1,241 | 1,243 |
| Unnamed | 2017 | 4,044 | 4,045 |
| 5 Mile | 2016 | 1,160 | 1,159 |
| Unnamed | 2015 | 2,408 | 2,407 |
| Unnamed | 2015 | 2,091 | 2,090 |
| Alikchi | 2011 | 1,217 | 1,216 |
| Brantley Cabin | 2007 | 9,665 | 9,662 |
- Large fires mapped by the Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity program since 1984: 1,000 acres or more in the West, 500 or more in the East. Prescribed burns are excluded. Acres here are the part of each perimeter inside this place.
Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity (USGS and U.S. Forest Service), 1984 to 2026.
Smoke overhead
Smokiest year
2023: 46 days
Heavy smoke on 5 days in 2021, the most of any year.
Last 10 years
14.8 days a year
Medium or heavy smoke, 2016 to 2025.
2025
5 days
Medium or heavy smoke. 22 so far in 2026.
- A smoke day is a date on which a smoke plume traced by NOAA Hazard Mapping System analysts from satellite imagery covered this place's point (the county's population centre or the city centre). Counts here are of medium or heavy smoke. Since 2018 analysts have often drawn light smoke as one area over most of the continent, so light-smoke counts are not comparable from year to year. The plumes show smoke anywhere in the air above, not air quality at the ground, and smoke hidden by cloud is missed.
NOAA Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, 2011 to 2026, retrieved October 30, 2026.
Floods and flood insurance
54 federal flood insurance claims since 1993, with $923,000 paid.
Most claims in one year
2015: 13 claims
$191,000 paid.
2nd most
2011: 7 claims
$142,000 paid.
3rd most
1993: 6 claims
$21,000 paid.
Claims by ZIP code
| 74745 | 52 | $839,000 |
Flood events since 1996
- Flash Flood112
- Flood11
- Heavy Rain4
2 deaths recorded in flood events since 1996.
This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).
OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026. NOAA Storm Events through 2026.
River crests
Most severe crest
May 20, 1960
Mountain Fork near Eagletown, 26.73 ft
15.73 feet above the 11.0 ft flood stage; major flooding by today’s categories.
Most recent moderate or major crest
June 9, 2021
Little River near Idabel, 35.27 ft
Major flooding.
River gauges
| Glover River at Glover | 16.0 | 29.72 ft | 11 |
| Little River near Idabel | 30.0 | 39.70 ft | 18 |
| Mountain Fork near Eagletown | 11.0 | 26.73 ft | 27 |
- Crests are the highest and the recent crests the National Weather Service lists for each river gauge in the county that has a flood stage, not every flood. Flood categories use each gauge's current flood stages; crests from before levees, dams or channel changes may not be comparable. Crests measured on an old datum are left out of the rankings.
NOAA National Water Prediction Service gauge records, retrieved October 30, 2026.
Drought
In severe drought or worse for 148 of 1,581 months since 1895 (9%); the longest spell lasted 30 months.
148
Months in severe drought or worse since 1895
47
Months in extreme drought
9%
Share of all months, severe or worse
49
Drought reports to the Weather Service since 1996
Lowest reading
March 1911
−5.55, extreme drought
Longest severe spell
30 months
September 1909 to February 1912.
Latest month
September 2026
−2.87, moderate drought
Last severe month: April 2013.
- The Palmer Drought Severity Index is computed by NOAA each month from the county's average temperature and precipitation, relative to the county's own climate. Zero is normal; -3 or lower is severe drought and -4 or lower extreme drought. It describes the long-term balance of moisture, not water supply or crop losses.
NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, 1895 to September 2026, issued October 6, 2026.
Earthquakes
2 earthquakes of magnitude 4 or more within 50 miles since 1900; the largest was magnitude 4.3 in 1977.
1
Magnitude 2.5+ inside the county since 1973
18
Magnitude 3+ within 50 miles since 1973
2
Magnitude 4+ within 50 miles since 1900
0
Magnitude 5+ within 50 miles since 1900
Largest within 50 miles
June 2, 1977
Magnitude 4.3
5 km ENE of Mena, Arkansas; 17.0 miles away, 6.2 miles deep.
Most recent, magnitude 3 or more
June 3, 2022
Magnitude 3.2
10 km W of Quinton, Oklahoma; 49.3 miles away.
Every earthquake of magnitude 4 or more within 50 miles
| Apr 3, 2012 | 4.1 | 47.9 |
| Jun 2, 1977 | 4.3 | 17.0 |
- Earthquakes of magnitude 2.5 or more in the USGS Comprehensive Catalog since 1900. Within 50 miles means the epicentre lies within 50 miles of the county boundary (or inside the county).
- Small earthquakes were under-recorded before the modern seismic networks of the 1970s and are still missed in remote areas, so early decades read low. Magnitudes are as the catalogue reports them and mix scales (moment, local and body-wave).
USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog, 1900 to present, retrieved October 30, 2026.
Severe weather and other events
1,240 events in the National Weather Service record, 898 of them since 1996.
275
Hail reports, 1 inch or larger
29
Hail, 2 inches or larger
273
Damaging gusts, 58 mph+
51
Winter weather events since 1996
79
Heat events since 1996
7
Cold events since 1996
Largest hail
May 20, 1975
4.50 inches
Strongest measured or estimated gust
May 4, 2006
105 mph
More event types since 1996
| Lightning | 4 | 0 |
Costliest events since 1996
- Nov 4, 2022Tornado$35.0 million
National Weather Service narrative
This is the continuation of the Red River County Texas EF-4 tornado. This tornado had weakened upon entering Southern McCurtain County Oklahoma, producing EF-2 damage in rural areas southwest of Idabel, ripping the roofs off of several single family homes. Shortly before entering Idabel, the outer edge of this tornado hit the Oklahoma Mesonet observing platform located about 5 miles to the southwest off of Ravens Nest Road. An anemometer located 10 meters above the platform measured a wind gust of 108 mph, with a nearby single family home sustaining roof damage where EF-2 winds estimated near 125 mph removed a large section of the roof structure with a wall collapsing on another…
- Jan 26, 2000Heavy Snow, Mccurtain$6.7 million
National Weather Service narrative
A strong upper level trough moved out of the southern Great Basin and into the lower Mississippi Valley pulling artic air southward across the south central states to the Gulf coast. Moisture laden air from the Gulf of Mexico overran freezing surface temperatures producing heavy snow across all of southeast Oklahoma. Snowfall totals between 6 and 10 inches were common. Numerous chicken house roofs collapsed from the weight of the snow killing thousands of chickens. In addition, numerous homes and businesses suffered from collapsed roofs crushing contents and vehicles.
- Dec 12, 2015Tornado$2.0 million
National Weather Service narrative
An NWS Storm Survey team determined that the damage west of Valliant, Oklahoma was consistent with that of tornado damage. The tornado first touched down near U.S. Hwy. 70 and traveled in a northeast direction before lifting near Tommy Taylor Road or just south of Pine Creek Reservoir. Numerous trees were uprooted and/or snapped along the damage path. Sixteen homes suffered significant damage and 4 mobile homes were completely destroyed. Two persons were injured when their mobile home was destroyed. Another person was injured when their mobile home was rolled by the tornado.
- Dec 24, 2000Ice Storm, Mccurtain$1.2 million
National Weather Service narrative
After trying to recover from an ice storm two week earlier, another even more devastating ice storm struck much of southeast Oklahoma. Freezing rain resulting in accumulations ranging from 1/4 inch to 3 inches which paralyzed the entire county. At one point there was no power anywhere in the county and some locations went without power for almost a month. Numerous trees and utility poles were snapped due to the weight of the ice. The county was declared a disaster area.
- Jan 29, 2022Wildfire, Mccurtain$600,000
National Weather Service narrative
Extreme and severe (D3 and D2) drought conditions across Southern McCurtain County Oklahoma that had developed in late November 2021 contributed to much below normal dryness across this area during January 2022, which was exacerbated by the above normal temperatures observed during the Fall months. The very dry conditions continued throughout January 2022 as well, with less than one-quarter inch of rain falling between January 2nd and the end of the month. A series of strong cold fronts moved through McCurtain County throughout the month, reinforcing the cold and very dry air mass in place. These very dry conditions coupled with the very low relative humidity values in the teens…
- Mar 10, 2026Tornado$500,000
National Weather Service narrative
A line of severe thunderstorms moved into McCurtain County, Oklahoma, late in the evening on March 10th. Circulations were embedded within this line of thunderstorms, with one of which producing an EF2 tornado with estimated maximum winds near 118 mph that began on Old Golden Highway, resulting in snapped trees and the loss of shingles to a local residence. The tornado then continued east, reaching Thomas Road near the intersection of Old Golden Highway where more trees were snapped and uprooted and a barn/shed experienced damage to the roof. The tornado then began to pick up in intensity as it moved across Oak Hill Road where numerous trees were snapped and uprooted. As the…
- Mar 18, 2008Flash Flood$300,000
National Weather Service narrative
Several secondary roads were flooded and under water including Highway 70. Water was reported in several homes in town. Highway 70 was closed.
- Apr 28, 2020Tornado$300,000
National Weather Service narrative
An EF-2 tornado with estimated maximum winds near 125 mph touched down in a heavily wooded area along Union Valley Road, snapping and uprooting numerous trees. The tornado moved south southeast, tossing two barges over 100 yards and lifting a large portion of the roof deck of a home, causing it to collapse. The tornado then completely destroyed a single-wide manufactured home, with the base frame of the home twisted and tossed 100 yards to the east. Further to the south, another home sustained significant roof and structural damage when large gas tanks were tossed into it. The tornado then continued to snap numerous trees along Cascade Creek Road and along Wyr 20000 Road, as well…
- Nov 4, 2022Tornado$300,000
National Weather Service narrative
An EF-2 tornado with estimated maximum winds near 125 mph touched down in extreme Northwest McCurtain County near the Pickens community. The tornado touched down off of Pickens Road where it completed destroyed a chicken house, removed large sections of a roof of a home, and snapped multiple hardwood trees. The tornado then impacted a double-wide mobile home that was tied down with straps, which were snapped or footings pulled out of the ground. The mobile home was vaulted to the northwest and led to a fatality of a 90 year old male inside. A vehicle was also tossed and rolled at this location as well. The tornado continued moving northeast and uprooted multiple hardwood and…
- May 1, 2003Tornado$260,000
National Weather Service narrative
A supercell thunderstorm moved southeast across Broken Bow, OK. Two new frame homes under construction had roofs torn off. A total of 30 to 40 wood frame homes had roof and frame damage with windows broken. One home was destroyed. Numerous trees uprooted and snapped. Several power poles blown down.
- Storm Events records before 1996 cover only tornadoes, thunderstorm wind and hail. Damage figures are as reported by the National Weather Service at the time, not adjusted for inflation.
NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, 1950 to 2026, issued October 26, 2026.
Weather records
From Dequeen, 26.9 miles from the county’s population centre, with records from 1902.
- All-time high
- 114°FAug 10, 1936
- All-time low
- −14°FFeb 2, 1951
- Warmest night
- 82°F2 times, most recently Jun 28, 1952
- Coldest day
- 17°F2 times, most recently Feb 16, 2021
- Wettest day
- 8.72 inApr 11, 2017
- Snowiest day
- 9.5 inJan 28, 2000
- Hottest year
- 1938mean 65.0°F
- Coldest year
- 2014mean 59.2°F
- Wettest year
- 195776.94 in
- Driest year
- 194325.09 in
- Snowiest season
- 12.5 in1999-00
Median first snow
January 22
Earliest: November 15, 1997
Median last snow
February 6
Latest: March 15, 1937
35 of 68 winters had no measurable snow.
Station Dequeen (USC00031948), 407 ft elevation, 26.9 miles from the population centre. Daily records from 1902 to October 27, 2026; 98.3% of days in the last 30 years are complete. Records at a single station can differ from a city’s official threaded record, which may combine several stations.
NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily.
Federal disaster declarations
22 since 1953. The most recent: Severe Storms, Straight-Line Winds, and Tornadoes, July 19, 2023.
| Jul 19, 2023 | Severe Storm | DR-4721-OK |
| Feb 24, 2021 | Severe Ice Storm | DR-4587-OK |
| Feb 17, 2021 | Severe Ice Storm | EM-3555-OK |
| Apr 5, 2020 | Biological | DR-4530-OK |
| Mar 13, 2020 | Biological | EM-3462-OK |
| Feb 10, 2016 | Severe Storm | DR-4256-OK |
| May 26, 2015 | Severe Storm | DR-4222-OK |
| Jan 30, 2014 | Severe Storm | DR-4164-OK |
| Feb 2, 2011 | Severe Storm | EM-3316-OK |
| Feb 25, 2010 | Severe Storm | DR-1876-OK |
| Jan 30, 2010 | Severe Storm | EM-3308-OK |
| May 5, 2008 | Severe Storm | DR-1752-OK |
| Dec 10, 2007 | Severe Ice Storm | EM-3280-OK |
| Jul 7, 2007 | Severe Storm | DR-1712-OK |
| Jan 14, 2007 | Severe Ice Storm | EM-3272-OK |
| Jan 10, 2006 | Fire | DR-1623-OK |
| Sep 5, 2005 | Hurricane | EM-3219-OK |
| Jun 29, 2001 | Severe Storm | DR-1384-OK |
| Jan 5, 2001 | Severe Ice Storm | DR-1355-OK |
| Dec 28, 2000 | Severe Ice Storm | EM-3158-OK |
| May 18, 1990 | Severe Storm | DR-866-OK |
| Jan 14, 1972 | Flood | DR-317-OK |
This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).
OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries, retrieved October 30, 2026. Statewide declarations are not listed.
How this compares
Where McCurtain County stands among 77 counties in Oklahoma and 3,143 in the United States.
| Tornadoes since 1950 | 69 | 31 / 77 |
| Tornadoes rated F3/EF3 or stronger | 5 | 33 / 77 |
| Tropical cyclones within 50 mi | 3 | 2 / 77 |
| Hurricane-strength passes within 50 mi | 0 | — |
| Wildfire acres since 1984 | 25,122 | 36 / 77 |
| Flood insurance claims | 54 | 27 / 77 |
| Flood insurance paid | $923,000 | 32 / 77 |
| Disaster declarations | 22 | 69 / 77 |
| Flood events since 1996 | 127 | 8 / 77 |
| Hail and wind events since 1996 | 539 | 26 / 77 |
| Winter storm events since 1996 | 51 | 34 / 77 |
| Reported damage since 1996 | $49.6 million | 22 / 77 |
| River crests at major flood stage | 56 | 2 / 77 |
| High tide flooding days a year, last 10 years | 0.0 | — |
| Months in severe drought since 1895 | 148 | 37 / 77 |
| Medium or heavy smoke days a year, last 10 years | 14.8 | 65 / 77 |
| Earthquakes M4+ within 50 mi since 1900 | 2 | 47 / 77 |
| Earthquakes M2.5+ in the county since 1973 | 1 | 50 / 77 |
Neighbouring counties
| Bowie County TX | 58 | 6 |
| Choctaw County | 27 | 4 |
| Le Flore County | 78 | 2 |
| Little River County AR | 23 | 5 |
| Polk County AR | 37 | 3 |
| Pushmataha County | 49 | 3 |
| Red River County TX | 40 | 3 |
| Sevier County AR | 23 | 4 |
Sources and vintage
Every number on this page comes from these public records.
- Tornadoes NOAA Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, through 2025.
- Tropical cyclones NOAA National Hurricane Center HURDAT2 (Atlantic; Northeast and Central Pacific), through 2025.
- Wildfire USGS/USFS Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity, through 2026.
- Storm events NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, through 2026.
- Flood insurance OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026.
- Declarations OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries v2, retrieved October 30, 2026.
- Weather records NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily, station USC00031948.
- River crests NOAA National Weather Service, National Water Prediction Service river gauges, retrieved October 30, 2026.
- Drought NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, through September 2026.
- Smoke NOAA NESDIS Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, retrieved October 30, 2026.
- Earthquakes USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog (ComCat), retrieved October 30, 2026.
Joins, thresholds and known limits are set out in the methodology. Found an error? Report it. Page built October 30, 2026.