Giles County
Population 31,433 (2025) 611 sq mi
Property owners in Giles County have filed 30 federal flood insurance claims since 1978, 54th most of 95 counties in Tennessee.
Hazard fingerprint Each spoke is this county’s percentile among U.S. counties where that hazard occurs. How it is computed
- Tornado damage paths since 195022
- Tropical cyclone tracks within 100 miles since 1851, wider where stronger8
At a glance
The record for Giles County in eight numbers. Each links to its section below.
Tropical cyclones within 50 mi
4
7th of 95 in Tennessee
None at hurricane strength since 1851
DetailsStrongest tornado
F5
April 16, 1998, 69.4 mile path
Strongest tropical cyclone
TS
Tropical storm Frederic, 1979, 0.0 miles away
Tornadoes
About one every 3.5 years since 1950, 6 of them rated F3/EF3 or stronger.
Strongest
April 16, 1998
F5, 69.4 mile path
1,760 yards wide; 3 killed along the whole path.
Most recent
Wednesday, May 8, 2024
EF2, 5.9 mile path
2 years ago.
Every recorded tornado
| May 8, 2024 | EF2 | 5.9 | 1 | 0 |
| Jan 1, 2022 | EF1 | 16.7 | 0 | 0 |
| Dec 11, 2021 | EF0 | 5.0 | 0 | 0 |
| May 1, 2009 | EF1 | 1.1 | 0 | 0 |
| May 8, 2008 | EF0 | 0.8 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 11, 2008 | EF3 | 4.7 | 0 | 0 |
| May 30, 2004 | F1 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 16, 1998 | F5 | 69.4 | 36 | 3 |
| Apr 20, 1996 | F2 | 1.0 | 0 | 0 |
| May 18, 1995 | F0 | 3.0 | 1 | 0 |
| May 18, 1995 | F4 | 29.0 | 32 | 3 |
| May 22, 1989 | F2 | 9.0 | 2 | 1 |
| Aug 16, 1985 | F2 | 5.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Aug 16, 1985 | F3 | 12.0 | 1 | 0 |
| Apr 3, 1974 | F1 | 27.5 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 21, 1972 | F3 | 32.3 | 10 | 0 |
| Mar 6, 1971 | F1 | 39.8 | 0 | 0 |
| Mar 17, 1965 | F1 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 29, 1963 | F2 | 5.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Nov 8, 1957 | F2 | 4.7 | 0 | 0 |
| Feb 17, 1956 | F3 | 10.4 | 0 | 0 |
| Nov 14, 1951 | F2 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 |
- Injuries and deaths are for the tornado’s whole path, which may extend beyond the county. Deaths recorded within Giles County: 1.
- Weak tornadoes were under-recorded before Doppler radar coverage became national in the early 1990s, so earlier decades read low. Ratings use the Fujita scale before February 2007 and the Enhanced Fujita scale after.
Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, 1950 to 2025.
Hurricanes and tropical storms
4 passed within 50 miles since 1851; none at hurricane strength.
Strongest within 50 miles
September 13, 1979
Frederic, Tropical storm
0.0 miles at closest approach, winds near 47 mph.
Most recent
October 29, 2020
Zeta, Tropical storm
98.0 miles at closest approach.
Every storm within 100 miles
| Zeta | 2020 | 98.0 | Tropical storm |
| Opal | 1995 | 59.4 | Tropical storm |
| Frederic | 1979 | 0.0 | Tropical storm |
| Audrey | 1957 | 22.5 | Tropical storm |
| Baker | 1950 | 84.5 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1932 | 75.9 | Post-tropical |
| Unnamed | 1916 | 38.4 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1915 | 2.1 | Post-tropical |
| Unnamed | 1892 | 27.7 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1888 | 77.0 | Tropical storm |
- Tropical storms and hurricanes (34 kt or more, still tropical) at closest approach. Post-tropical remnants with gale-force winds are listed but not counted. Direct: track within 50 miles; near: within 100 miles. Distance is measured to the county boundary for counties and to the city centre for cities, using positions interpolated hourly between HURDAT2 fixes.
National Hurricane Center HURDAT2, 1851 to 2025.
Wildfire and smoke
No large wildfire has been mapped here since satellite mapping began in 1984.
Smoke overhead
Smokiest year
2023: 54 days
Heavy smoke on 6 days in 2023, the most of any year.
Last 10 years
11.8 days a year
Medium or heavy smoke, 2016 to 2025.
2025
8 days
Medium or heavy smoke. 30 so far in 2026.
- A smoke day is a date on which a smoke plume traced by NOAA Hazard Mapping System analysts from satellite imagery covered this place's point (the county's population centre or the city centre). Counts here are of medium or heavy smoke. Since 2018 analysts have often drawn light smoke as one area over most of the continent, so light-smoke counts are not comparable from year to year. The plumes show smoke anywhere in the air above, not air quality at the ground, and smoke hidden by cloud is missed.
NOAA Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, 2011 to 2026, retrieved October 30, 2026.
Floods and flood insurance
30 federal flood insurance claims since 1989, with $457,000 paid.
Claims by ZIP code
| 38478 | 18 | $270,000 |
| 38477 | 5 | $51,000 |
Flood events since 1996
- Flash Flood44
- Flood6
- Heavy Rain3
2 deaths recorded in flood events since 1996.
This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).
OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026. NOAA Storm Events through 2026.
River crests
Most severe crest
March 1, 1902
Elk River near Prospect, 40.90 ft
15.90 feet above the 25.0 ft flood stage; major flooding by today’s categories.
Most recent moderate or major crest
March 14, 1975
Elk River near Prospect, 37.06 ft
Moderate flooding.
| Mar 1, 1902 | Elk River near Prospect | 40.90 | +15.90 |
| Mar 17, 1973 | Elk River near Prospect | 40.12 | +15.12 |
| Mar 22, 1955 | Elk River near Prospect | 38.98 | +13.98 |
| Feb 14, 1948 | Elk River near Prospect | 38.17 | +13.17 |
| Mar 14, 1975 | Elk River near Prospect | 37.06 | +12.06 |
| Jan 11, 1974 | Elk River near Prospect | 36.43 | +11.43 |
| Feb 2, 1957 | Elk River near Prospect | 34.85 | +9.85 |
| Mar 13, 1963 | Elk River near Prospect | 34.26 | +9.26 |
| Feb 20, 1991 | Elk River near Prospect | 34.20 | +9.20 |
| Jan 6, 1949 | Elk River near Prospect | 34.00 | +9.00 |
| Mar 9, 1961 | Elk River near Prospect | 33.86 | +8.86 |
| Feb 2, 1951 | Elk River near Prospect | 33.66 | +8.66 |
| Dec 31, 1969 | Elk River near Prospect | 33.54 | +8.54 |
| Apr 6, 1983 | Elk River near Prospect | 33.51 | +8.51 |
| Nov 19, 1957 | Elk River near Prospect | 33.25 | +8.25 |
| Jan 9, 1946 | Elk River near Prospect | 33.20 | +8.20 |
| Feb 22, 1945 | Elk River near Prospect | 33.01 | +8.01 |
| Mar 21, 1980 | Elk River near Prospect | 32.90 | +7.90 |
| Jan 7, 1950 | Elk River near Prospect | 32.32 | +7.32 |
| Feb 24, 2019 | Elk River near Prospect | 32.31 | +7.31 |
| Mar 30, 1944 | Elk River near Prospect | 32.21 | +7.21 |
| Mar 6, 1989 | Elk River near Prospect | 32.19 | +7.19 |
| Jan 3, 1937 | Elk River near Prospect | 31.85 | +6.85 |
| Feb 16, 1939 | Elk River near Prospect | 31.74 | +6.74 |
| Jan 23, 1954 | Elk River near Prospect | 31.63 | +6.63 |
River gauges
| Elk River near Prospect | 25.0 | 40.90 ft | 2 |
| Richland Creek near Pulaski | 20.0 | 24.04 ft | 0 |
- Crests are the highest and the recent crests the National Weather Service lists for each river gauge in the county that has a flood stage, not every flood. Flood categories use each gauge's current flood stages; crests from before levees, dams or channel changes may not be comparable. Crests measured on an old datum are left out of the rankings.
NOAA National Water Prediction Service gauge records, retrieved October 30, 2026.
Drought
In severe drought or worse for 121 of 1,581 months since 1895 (8%); the longest spell lasted 17 months.
121
Months in severe drought or worse since 1895
30
Months in extreme drought
8%
Share of all months, severe or worse
41
Drought reports to the Weather Service since 1996
Lowest reading
November 1931
−5.06, extreme drought
Longest severe spell
17 months
July 1930 to November 1931.
Latest month
September 2026
+1.05, slightly wet
Last severe month: January 2025.
- The Palmer Drought Severity Index is computed by NOAA each month from the county's average temperature and precipitation, relative to the county's own climate. Zero is normal; -3 or lower is severe drought and -4 or lower extreme drought. It describes the long-term balance of moisture, not water supply or crop losses.
NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, 1895 to September 2026, issued October 6, 2026.
Earthquakes
37 earthquakes of magnitude 2.5 or more within 50 miles since 1959; none reached magnitude 4.
1
Magnitude 2.5+ inside the county since 1973
4
Magnitude 3+ within 50 miles since 1973
0
Magnitude 4+ within 50 miles since 1900
0
Magnitude 5+ within 50 miles since 1900
Largest within 50 miles
December 7, 2001
Magnitude 3.9
5 km SW of Pleasant Groves, Alabama; 39.5 miles away, 0.0 miles deep.
Most recent, magnitude 3 or more
December 7, 2001
Magnitude 3.9
5 km SW of Pleasant Groves, Alabama; 39.5 miles away.
- Earthquakes of magnitude 2.5 or more in the USGS Comprehensive Catalog since 1900. Within 50 miles means the epicentre lies within 50 miles of the county boundary (or inside the county).
- Small earthquakes were under-recorded before the modern seismic networks of the 1970s and are still missed in remote areas, so early decades read low. Magnitudes are as the catalogue reports them and mix scales (moment, local and body-wave).
USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog, 1900 to present, retrieved October 30, 2026.
Severe weather and other events
424 events in the National Weather Service record, 372 of them since 1996.
36
Hail reports, 1 inch or larger
10
Hail, 2 inches or larger
153
Damaging gusts, 58 mph+
41
Winter weather events since 1996
3
Heat events since 1996
2
Cold events since 1996
Largest hail
May 5, 2003
4.50 inches
Strongest measured or estimated gust
May 30, 2004
120 mph
More event types since 1996
| Lightning | 7 | 0 |
Costliest events since 1996
- May 8, 2024Tornado$4.0 million
National Weather Service narrative
This EF-2 tornado touched down along Case Road southwest of Prospect where some trees were damaged. As the tornado continued east, a home sustained roof damage, and a tied-down manufactured home was completely removed from its base and destroyed. One person was critically injured in the manufactured home. As the tornado continued east, major tree damage occurred along Bethel Prospect Road, a metal shop building was destroyed, and another tied-down mobile was completely lifted off its base and wrapped around a tree with the remaining debris blown down a hillside. More trees continued to be blown down with roof damage to some homes and outbuildings as the tornado passed across the…
- Apr 11, 2008Tornado$1.0 million
National Weather Service narrative
A low end EF3 tornado hit northwest Giles County near Liberty Hill. This was part of the same storm complex that hit Lawrence County. Numerous trees were snapped and uprooted. Many homes had roof damage. The hardest hit area was along Rhea Branch Rd. One residential home was completely leveled. Major damage occurred to the back of the Liberty Hill Baptist Church.||A newspaper article stated that 8 homes were completely destroyed, and 30 other homes had serious damage.
- Apr 16, 1998Tornado$1.0 million
National Weather Service narrative
The most extensive damage was north of Yokley. There were downed trees and power lines, a ruptured gas tank, cars overturned, and homes damaged. 5 homes and 8 mobile homes were destroyed in Giles county.
- Mar 3, 2023High Wind, Giles$1.0 million
National Weather Service narrative
Several hours of non-thunderstorm severe winds led to numerous damage reports, including downed and uprooted trees, downed powerlines, and roof and property damage across all of Giles County. The Pulaski Abernathy Field Airport AWOS lost power due to the high winds for several hours along with other weather stations in the area. Therefore, exact wind speeds are unknown. Damages are estimated.
- Mar 15, 2026Tornado$250,000
National Weather Service narrative
This narrative is a continuation of the tornado that originated in Lauderdale County, Alabama and traveled into Lawrence County and then Giles County. As the tornado crossed into Giles County, damage was mostly trees downed or uprooted and branches snapped. A few structures were impacted in Giles County south to southwest of Minor Hill due to trees falling. A few metal farm outbuildings were also collapsed. The tornado ended quickly south-southeast of Minor Hill. Damages are a rough estimate.
- May 9, 2024Thunderstorm Wind$250,000
National Weather Service narrative
A NWS storm survey team found straight line wind damage in Giles County, particularly around the Pulaski area. Numerous trees were snapped and uprooted in a northwest to southeast direction. Some of the worst damage was found on Cherry Drive and Richland Street where some trees fell onto homes. Winds were estimated up to 75 mph. Damages are a rough estimate.
- May 28, 2017Lightning$200,000
National Weather Service narrative
A business on Liberty Hill Loop was struck by lightning and destroyed in the ensuing fire. A nearby home was also damaged.
- Jul 7, 1999Lightning$150,000
National Weather Service narrative
Four mobile homes were struck by lightning. These homes were fully loaded when they were struck at the Oakwood Homes on Highway 31.
- Sep 16, 2004High Wind, Giles$125,000
National Weather Service narrative
Strong winds from the remains of Hurricane Ivan blew down many trees and power lines across Middle Tennessee from Thursday evening into early Friday morning. There were 30 incidents on Thursday night where trees had fallen across roadways or downed power lines in Lawrence County alone. Many homes in Lawrence County sustained damage from fallen trees and tree limbs. U.S. Highway 64 west and east was blocked for a time in Lawrence County by fallen trees. Lawrence County students enjoyed a day off on Friday due to clean up efforts. In the city of Loretto, a tree fell on a building on Broad Street and caused some structural damage. A pine tree fell on a shed in Tullahoma. A large oak…
- May 3, 2020Thunderstorm Wind$113,000
National Weather Service narrative
Numerous trees and power lines were blown down across Giles County.
- Storm Events records before 1996 cover only tornadoes, thunderstorm wind and hail. Damage figures are as reported by the National Weather Service at the time, not adjusted for inflation.
NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, 1950 to 2026, issued October 26, 2026.
Weather records
From Pulaski Wwtp, 0.9 miles from the county’s population centre, with records from 1957.
- All-time high
- 106°FJun 30, 2012
- All-time low
- −16°F2 times, most recently Jan 21, 1985
- Warmest night
- 82°FSep 11, 1991
- Coldest day
- 8°FDec 24, 2022
- Wettest day
- 7.06 inAug 29, 1963
- Snowiest day
- 11.5 inJan 1, 1964
- Hottest year
- 1986mean 62.3°F
- Coldest year
- 2022mean 55.8°F
- Wettest year
- 198978.12 in
- Driest year
- 200734.89 in
- Snowiest season
- 24.5 in1963-64
Median first snow
January 9
Earliest: December 11, 2019
Median last snow
February 4
Latest: March 22, 1968
15 of 63 winters had no measurable snow.
Station Pulaski Wwtp (USC00407459), 644 ft elevation, 0.9 miles from the population centre. Daily records from 1957 to October 23, 2026; 98.6% of days in the last 30 years are complete. Records at a single station can differ from a city’s official threaded record, which may combine several stations.
NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily.
Federal disaster declarations
24 since 1953. The most recent: Severe Winter Storm, February 6, 2026.
| Feb 6, 2026 | Winter Storm | DR-4898-TN |
| Jan 24, 2026 | Winter Storm | EM-3635-TN |
| Apr 2, 2025 | Severe Storm | EM-3625-TN |
| Jun 17, 2024 | Severe Storm | DR-4792-TN |
| May 17, 2023 | Severe Storm | DR-4712-TN |
| Apr 7, 2023 | Severe Storm | DR-4701-TN |
| Apr 2, 2020 | Biological | DR-4514-TN |
| Mar 13, 2020 | Biological | EM-3473-TN |
| Apr 17, 2019 | Flood | DR-4427-TN |
| Apr 2, 2015 | Severe Ice Storm | DR-4211-TN |
| Aug 13, 2014 | Severe Storm | DR-4189-TN |
| May 1, 2011 | Severe Storm | DR-1974-TN |
| May 4, 2010 | Severe Storm | DR-1909-TN |
| Sep 5, 2005 | Hurricane | EM-3217-TN |
| Oct 7, 2004 | Severe Storm | DR-1568-TN |
| May 8, 2003 | Severe Storm | DR-1464-TN |
| Apr 5, 2002 | Severe Storm | DR-1408-TN |
| Jan 19, 1999 | Severe Storm | DR-1262-TN |
| Jan 15, 1999 | Severe Storm | DR-1260-TN |
| Apr 20, 1998 | Severe Storm | DR-1215-TN |
| Feb 28, 1994 | Severe Storm | DR-1010-TN |
| Mar 22, 1975 | Flood | DR-459-TN |
| Apr 4, 1974 | Tornado | DR-424-TN |
| Mar 21, 1973 | Flood | DR-366-TN |
This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).
OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries, retrieved October 30, 2026. Statewide declarations are not listed.
How this compares
Where Giles County stands among 95 counties in Tennessee and 3,143 in the United States.
| Tornadoes since 1950 | 22 | 30 / 95 |
| Tornadoes rated F3/EF3 or stronger | 6 | 9 / 95 |
| Tropical cyclones within 50 mi | 4 | 7 / 95 |
| Hurricane-strength passes within 50 mi | 0 | — |
| Wildfire acres since 1984 | 0 | — |
| Flood insurance claims | 30 | 54 / 95 |
| Flood insurance paid | $457,000 | 59 / 95 |
| Disaster declarations | 24 | 22 / 95 |
| Flood events since 1996 | 53 | 26 / 95 |
| Hail and wind events since 1996 | 220 | 52 / 95 |
| Winter storm events since 1996 | 41 | 80 / 95 |
| Reported damage since 1996 | $9.7 million | 60 / 95 |
| River crests at major flood stage | 2 | 25 / 95 |
| High tide flooding days a year, last 10 years | 0.0 | — |
| Months in severe drought since 1895 | 121 | 13 / 95 |
| Medium or heavy smoke days a year, last 10 years | 11.8 | 44 / 95 |
| Earthquakes M4+ within 50 mi since 1900 | 0 | — |
| Earthquakes M2.5+ in the county since 1973 | 1 | 35 / 95 |
Neighbouring counties
| Lauderdale County AL | 50 | 5 |
| Lawrence County | 44 | 4 |
| Limestone County AL | 80 | 4 |
| Lincoln County | 45 | 3 |
| Marshall County | 22 | 3 |
| Maury County | 21 | 4 |
Sources and vintage
Every number on this page comes from these public records.
- Tornadoes NOAA Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, through 2025.
- Tropical cyclones NOAA National Hurricane Center HURDAT2 (Atlantic; Northeast and Central Pacific), through 2025.
- Wildfire USGS/USFS Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity, through 2026.
- Storm events NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, through 2026.
- Flood insurance OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026.
- Declarations OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries v2, retrieved October 30, 2026.
- Weather records NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily, station USC00407459.
- River crests NOAA National Weather Service, National Water Prediction Service river gauges, retrieved October 30, 2026.
- Drought NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, through September 2026.
- Smoke NOAA NESDIS Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, retrieved October 30, 2026.
- Earthquakes USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog (ComCat), retrieved October 30, 2026.
Joins, thresholds and known limits are set out in the methodology. Found an error? Report it. Page built October 30, 2026.