Blount County
Population 60,156 (2025) 645 sq mi
Blount County has recorded 57 tornadoes since 1950, 14th most of 67 counties in Alabama; the most recent was on November 30, 2022.
Hazard fingerprint Each spoke is this county’s percentile among U.S. counties where that hazard occurs. How it is computed
- Tornado damage paths since 195057
- Tropical cyclone tracks within 100 miles since 1851, wider where stronger16
At a glance
The record for Blount County in eight numbers. Each links to its section below.
Tropical cyclones within 50 mi
4
62nd of 67 in Alabama
None at hurricane strength since 1851
DetailsStrongest tornado
EF4
April 27, 2011, 127.8 mile path
Strongest tropical cyclone
TS
Tropical storm Zeta, 2020, 18.5 miles away
Tornadoes
About one every 1.3 years since 1950, 5 of them rated F3/EF3 or stronger.
Strongest
April 27, 2011
EF4, 127.8 mile path
1,408 yards wide; 13 killed along the whole path.
Most recent
Wednesday, November 30, 2022
EF0, 3.5 mile path
4 years ago.
Every recorded tornado
| Nov 30, 2022 | EF0 | 3.5 | 0 | 0 |
| Mar 31, 2021 | EF0 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 |
| Mar 17, 2021 | EF1 | 12.9 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 12, 2020 | EF1 | 5.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 12, 2020 | EF2 | 21.7 | 3 | 0 |
| Apr 12, 2020 | EF1 | 0.8 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 12, 2020 | EF2 | 5.6 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 12, 2020 | EF1 | 3.8 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 12, 2020 | EF0 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 8, 2019 | EF1 | 6.3 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 8, 2019 | EF0 | 2.2 | 0 | 0 |
| Mar 14, 2019 | EF1 | 17.2 | 0 | 0 |
| Mar 14, 2019 | EF0 | 2.6 | 0 | 0 |
| Mar 19, 2018 | EF1 | 6.4 | 0 | 0 |
| Mar 19, 2018 | EF0 | 0.9 | 0 | 0 |
| Mar 31, 2016 | EF1 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 28, 2014 | EF2 | 14.6 | 2 | 0 |
| Apr 28, 2014 | EF1 | 7.8 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 28, 2014 | EF1 | 8.8 | 4 | 0 |
| Apr 27, 2011 | EF4 | 127.8 | 54 | 13 |
| Apr 27, 2011 | EF1 | 14.8 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 27, 2011 | EF2 | 3.2 | 3 | 0 |
| Nov 30, 2010 | EF1 | 1.7 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 24, 2010 | EF3 | 29.6 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 24, 2010 | EF1 | 0.9 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 8, 2010 | EF0 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 |
| May 6, 2009 | EF0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 19, 2009 | EF2 | 6.3 | 0 | 0 |
| Aug 25, 2008 | EF1 | 0.4 | 0 | 0 |
| Mar 15, 2008 | EF2 | 6.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Sep 22, 2006 | F2 | 4.4 | 3 | 0 |
| Sep 22, 2006 | F2 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 |
| Sep 22, 2006 | F2 | 1.3 | 0 | 0 |
| Mar 13, 2006 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Nov 10, 2002 | F1 | 10.6 | 0 | 0 |
| Nov 24, 2001 | F4 | 10.1 | 22 | 0 |
| May 24, 2001 | F0 | 1.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Feb 27, 1999 | F2 | 0.4 | 1 | 0 |
| Apr 16, 1998 | F0 | 2.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 16, 1998 | F1 | 3.7 | 0 | 0 |
| Nov 28, 1994 | F1 | 1.6 | 5 | 0 |
| Mar 27, 1994 | F0 | 2.5 | 1 | 0 |
| Mar 19, 1986 | F2 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 5, 1985 | F1 | 1.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Nov 15, 1983 | F2 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 |
| Mar 20, 1976 | F3 | 19.2 | 11 | 0 |
| Mar 20, 1976 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Mar 29, 1975 | F1 | 3.0 | 3 | 0 |
| Oct 15, 1974 | F1 | 28.8 | 1 | 0 |
| Apr 1, 1974 | F2 | 16.9 | 11 | 0 |
| Dec 29, 1973 | F1 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Jan 25, 1971 | F0 | 2.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Nov 18, 1957 | F4 | 26.1 | 12 | 3 |
| Apr 12, 1953 | F1 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 |
| Jan 20, 1953 | F1 | 0.1 | 1 | 0 |
| Feb 13, 1952 | F1 | 6.0 | 6 | 0 |
| Nov 16, 1951 | F2 | 1.5 | 1 | 0 |
- Injuries and deaths are for the tornado’s whole path, which may extend beyond the county. Deaths recorded within Blount County: 3.
- Weak tornadoes were under-recorded before Doppler radar coverage became national in the early 1990s, so earlier decades read low. Ratings use the Fujita scale before February 2007 and the Enhanced Fujita scale after.
Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, 1950 to 2025.
Hurricanes and tropical storms
4 passed within 50 miles since 1851; none at hurricane strength.
Strongest within 50 miles
October 29, 2020
Zeta, Tropical storm
18.5 miles at closest approach, winds near 63 mph.
Most recent
October 29, 2020
Zeta, Tropical storm
18.5 miles at closest approach.
Every storm within 100 miles
| Zeta | 2020 | 18.5 | Tropical storm |
| Katrina | 2005 | 94.2 | Tropical storm |
| Opal | 1995 | 16.8 | Tropical storm |
| Frederic | 1979 | 54.3 | Tropical storm |
| Eloise | 1975 | 59.9 | Tropical storm |
| Baker | 1950 | 77.2 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1932 | 6.5 | Post-tropical |
| Unnamed | 1916 | 36.6 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1915 | 47.1 | Post-tropical |
| Unnamed | 1915 | 79.5 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1912 | 61.8 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1907 | 57.4 | Post-tropical |
| Unnamed | 1903 | 85.8 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1902 | 78.9 | Post-tropical |
| Unnamed | 1893 | 94.2 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1892 | 6.7 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1881 | 56.3 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1860 | 82.6 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1859 | 93.4 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1855 | 95.9 | Tropical storm |
- Tropical storms and hurricanes (34 kt or more, still tropical) at closest approach. Post-tropical remnants with gale-force winds are listed but not counted. Direct: track within 50 miles; near: within 100 miles. Distance is measured to the county boundary for counties and to the city centre for cities, using positions interpolated hourly between HURDAT2 fixes.
National Hurricane Center HURDAT2, 1851 to 2025.
Wildfire and smoke
No large wildfire has been mapped here since satellite mapping began in 1984.
Smoke overhead
Smokiest year
2023: 50 days
Heavy smoke on 5 days in 2023, the most of any year.
Last 10 years
10.6 days a year
Medium or heavy smoke, 2016 to 2025.
2025
7 days
Medium or heavy smoke. 37 so far in 2026.
- A smoke day is a date on which a smoke plume traced by NOAA Hazard Mapping System analysts from satellite imagery covered this place's point (the county's population centre or the city centre). Counts here are of medium or heavy smoke. Since 2018 analysts have often drawn light smoke as one area over most of the continent, so light-smoke counts are not comparable from year to year. The plumes show smoke anywhere in the air above, not air quality at the ground, and smoke hidden by cloud is missed.
NOAA Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, 2011 to 2026, retrieved October 30, 2026.
Floods and flood insurance
27 federal flood insurance claims since 1979, with $814,000 paid.
Claims by ZIP code
| 35121 | 18 | $705,000 |
Flood events since 1996
- Flash Flood39
- Flood7
- Heavy Rain2
This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).
OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026. NOAA Storm Events through 2026.
River crests
Most severe crest
February 16, 1990
Mulberry Fork near Arkadelphia, 42.90 ft
17.90 feet above the 25.0 ft flood stage; moderate flooding by today’s categories.
Most recent moderate or major crest
April 7, 2025
Mulberry Fork near Arkadelphia, 33.23 ft
Moderate flooding.
River gauges
| Blue Springs Creek near Blountsville | 8.0 | 11.77 ft | 0 |
| Mulberry Fork near Arkadelphia | 25.0 | 42.90 ft | 0 |
- Crests are the highest and the recent crests the National Weather Service lists for each river gauge in the county that has a flood stage, not every flood. Flood categories use each gauge's current flood stages; crests from before levees, dams or channel changes may not be comparable. Crests measured on an old datum are left out of the rankings.
NOAA National Water Prediction Service gauge records, retrieved October 30, 2026.
Drought
In severe drought or worse for 88 of 1,581 months since 1895 (6%); the longest spell lasted 16 months.
88
Months in severe drought or worse since 1895
32
Months in extreme drought
6%
Share of all months, severe or worse
38
Drought reports to the Weather Service since 1996
Lowest reading
September 1925
−5.65, extreme drought
Longest severe spell
16 months
June 1897 to September 1898.
Latest month
September 2026
+1.34, slightly wet
Last severe month: April 2017.
- The Palmer Drought Severity Index is computed by NOAA each month from the county's average temperature and precipitation, relative to the county's own climate. Zero is normal; -3 or lower is severe drought and -4 or lower extreme drought. It describes the long-term balance of moisture, not water supply or crop losses.
NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, 1895 to September 2026, issued October 6, 2026.
Earthquakes
4 earthquakes of magnitude 4 or more within 50 miles since 1900; the largest was magnitude 5.1 in 1916.
2
Magnitude 2.5+ inside the county since 1973
18
Magnitude 3+ within 50 miles since 1973
4
Magnitude 4+ within 50 miles since 1900
1
Magnitude 5+ within 50 miles since 1900
Largest within 50 miles
October 18, 1916
Near Irondale, Alabama; 18.6 miles away, 8.7 miles deep.
Most recent, magnitude 3 or more
September 13, 2011
Magnitude 3.0
1 km NNW of Leeds, Alabama; 14.2 miles away.
Every earthquake of magnitude 4 or more within 50 miles
| Apr 29, 2003 | 4.6 | 47.1 |
| Apr 23, 1957 | 4.1 | 4.3 |
| May 5, 1931 | 4.0 | 4.7 |
| Oct 18, 1916 | 5.1 | 18.6 |
- Earthquakes of magnitude 2.5 or more in the USGS Comprehensive Catalog since 1900. Within 50 miles means the epicentre lies within 50 miles of the county boundary (or inside the county).
- Small earthquakes were under-recorded before the modern seismic networks of the 1970s and are still missed in remote areas, so early decades read low. Magnitudes are as the catalogue reports them and mix scales (moment, local and body-wave).
USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog, 1900 to present, retrieved October 30, 2026.
Severe weather and other events
681 events in the National Weather Service record, 586 of them since 1996.
73
Hail reports, 1 inch or larger
10
Hail, 2 inches or larger
246
Damaging gusts, 58 mph+
34
Winter weather events since 1996
6
Heat events since 1996
6
Cold events since 1996
Largest hail
May 9, 2024
4.50 inches
Strongest measured or estimated gust
April 27, 2011
90 mph
More event types since 1996
| Lightning | 11 | 1 |
Costliest events since 1996
- Apr 27, 2011Tornado$19.5 million
National Weather Service narrative
The fourteenth segment of this long track tornado crossed back over the Mulberry Fork of the Black Warrior River from eastern Cullman County (See Storm Data for Huntsville) into western Blount County southwest of Bangor. This tornado began in Pickens County, 5 miles northeast of Pickensville, and tracked through Tuscaloosa, Fayette, Walker, Cullman (See Storm Data for Huntsville), and Blount Counties, before dissipating in Marshall (See Storm Data for Huntsville) County. As the tornado moved northeast, the path width gradually increased from 0.25 mi (440 yds) to a maximum of 0.70 mi (1232 yds) in Blountsville. The tornado continued its path of significant tree damage as it crossed…
- Apr 27, 2011Tornado$4.0 million
National Weather Service narrative
A tornado developed along a Quasi-Linear Convective System. It initially touched down in far northern Jefferson County, northeast of Warrior, and tracked northeastward into Blount County and across the western bank of Mountain Woods Lake before it lifted northeast of Sagefield Rd. As the tornado moved into Blount County near Sibleyville Rd, it intensified to an EF2 rating with winds of 135 mph. An outbuilding was destroyed and many trees downed near the county line. The tornado continued northeast, before making a slight eastward turn and moving along the western edge of Mountain Woods Lake. Along the lake, twenty to twenty-five homes were damaged with at least 3 homes destroyed.…
- Sep 22, 2006Tornado$1.5 million
National Weather Service narrative
The tornado touched down just southwest of the Allgood community, north of Highway 75. The tornado then tracked northeastward, remaining north of Highway 75 the entire time. It dissipated in the city of Oneonta, just north of the Blount County Courthouse near 7th Street. Numerous trees and power lines were blown down along the tornado path. Oneonta High School suffered significant damage to its football field press box, and two concession stands were destroyed. The high school structure also sustained roof damage. The Blount County Courthouse sustained roof damage and many flagpoles were broken down. Several homes and out-buildings received major damage and a local gas station had…
- Mar 15, 2008Tornado$960,000
National Weather Service narrative
The tornado touched down just east of CR-27, about 5 miles south-southeast of Oneonta. It then moved north of River Road, through the Highland Lake community, and across CR-29 near the Appalachian Community. The Appalachian School property sustained damage, but the school was spared any significant damage. The tornado continued northeastward and strengthened as it nearly paralleled CR-12, before lifting just north of the intersection of CR-12 and US-231. Along the entire path, several hundred trees were either snapped off or were uprooted. A few dozen chicken houses were damaged and many were destroyed. Many outbuildings, garages, and sheds were destroyed. At least 25 homes…
- Nov 24, 2001Tornado$800,000
National Weather Service narrative
The F4 tornado first touched down in the vicinity of the Mt. Carmel Church, south of US 231 on CR 29, where several trees were snapped off. The tornado tracked northeast and produced extensive F2-type damage to homes and trailer homes along Tidwell Road where several injuries occurred. All trees in the neighborhood were snapped mid-trunk. As the tornado crossed US 231, it completely destroyed a frame house with F4 magnitude damage. Large trees around the house were uprooted and snapped at mid-trunk. From there, the tornado continued moving northeast and produced it's worst, F4 magnitude damage, between Robbins Lake and Airport Road. Large trees were completely snapped off at…
- Dec 23, 1998Ice Storm, Blount$700,000
National Weather Service narrative
A winter storm brought a mixture of freezing rain...sleet...and rain to the northern half of Alabama. The northwestern quarter of Alabama was especially hard hit. The precipitation began in a narrow band across Fayette, Walker, Cullman, and Marshall counties around 2 am and then around 5am in the rest of the counties and lasted until early afternoon on the 24th. The northwestern quarter of the state saw temperatures at or below freezing for the majority of the event. Liquid equivalent precipitation ranged from one to three inches. Significant ice accumulations of one half to one inch were common across the area. Numerous trees were down across every county. Significant power…
- Apr 27, 2011Tornado$480,000
National Weather Service narrative
The eighth segment of this long track tornado entered southwestern Blount County just north of Albright Rd from southern Cullman County (See Storm Data for Huntsville). This tornado began in Pickens County, 5 miles northeast of Pickensville, and tracked through Tuscaloosa, Fayette, Walker, Cullman (See Storm Data for Huntsville), and Blount Counties, before dissipating in Marshall (See Storm Data for Huntsville) County. While the average path width of this tornado in this portion of Blount County was around 0.4 mile (704 yds), the tornado maximum path width was 0.5 mile (880 yds). As the storm moved northeast, it caused significant roof damage to a single family home on Acton Bend…
- Apr 19, 2009Tornado$400,000
National Weather Service narrative
The tornado touched down at the intersection of CR-27 and Jones Chapel Road. It then traveled northeastward and crossed Lake Rd, CR-29, Putman Road, and Hicks Road, before moving into Saint Clair County. Six chicken houses were completely destroyed, killing nearly 100,000 chickens. One home had its second story destroyed, and another home suffered a complete roof collapse. One large industrial barn was destroyed. Two additional homes, several more chicken sheds, and about 9 outbuilding also received varying degrees of damage. About 200 trees were snapped and uprooted.
- Nov 10, 2002Tornado$400,000
National Weather Service narrative
The F1 rated Oneonta Tornado began at 10:22 pm, about 1.4 miles southwest of Allgood just west of State Route (SR) 75. The tornado traveled across Allgood, downing trees and doing some damage to structures. It traveled across Boat Landing Road where trees were downed and then crossed Springville Boulevard where several structures were damaged. The tornado then clipped the southeastern sections of Oneonta before turning more easterly.The tornado crossed County Road 29, where two more structures were damaged, and then crossed US Highway 231. Additional trees were downed along Montgomery Drive. The tornado continued to down trees as it dissipated just after moving into Etowah County,…
- Apr 27, 2011Tornado$230,000
National Weather Service narrative
The tenth segment of this long track tornado crossed back over the Mulberry Fork of the Black Warrior River into western Blount County north of Ricetown Rd from eastern Cullman County (See Storm Data for Huntsville). This tornado began in Pickens County, 5 miles northeast of Pickensville, and tracked through Tuscaloosa, Fayette, Walker, Cullman (See Storm Data for Huntsville), and Blount Counties, before dissipating in Marshall (See Storm Data for Huntsville) County. The average and maximum path width of this tornado in this portion of Blount County was around 0.3 mile (528 yds). As the tornado crossed the Mulberry Fork of the Black Warrior River several times, it caused…
- Storm Events records before 1996 cover only tornadoes, thunderstorm wind and hail. Damage figures are as reported by the National Weather Service at the time, not adjusted for inflation.
NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, 1950 to 2026, issued October 26, 2026.
Weather records
From Birmingham Airport, 28.3 miles from the county’s population centre, with records from 1930.
- All-time high
- 107°FJul 29, 1930
- All-time low
- −6°FJan 21, 1985
- Warmest night
- 81°F4 times, most recently Jul 8, 2016
- Coldest day
- 13°FDec 12, 1962
- Wettest day
- 9.75 inSep 16, 2004
- Snowiest day
- 10.3 inMar 13, 1993
- Hottest year
- 2016mean 66.3°F
- Coldest year
- 1976mean 60.3°F
- Wettest year
- 196176.48 in
- Driest year
- 200728.86 in
- Snowiest season
- 13.0 in1992-93
Median first snow
January 19
Earliest: November 24, 1938
Median last snow
February 4
Latest: April 3, 1987
37 of 95 winters had no measurable snow.
Station Birmingham Airport (USW00013876), 616 ft elevation, 28.3 miles from the population centre. Daily records from 1930 to October 26, 2026; 99.9% of days in the last 30 years are complete. Records at a single station can differ from a city’s official threaded record, which may combine several stations.
NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily.
Federal disaster declarations
25 since 1953. The most recent: Hurricane Helene, September 26, 2024.
| Sep 26, 2024 | Hurricane | EM-3618-AL |
| Sep 14, 2020 | Hurricane | EM-3545-AL |
| Jul 10, 2020 | Severe Storm | DR-4555-AL |
| May 21, 2020 | Severe Storm | DR-4546-AL |
| Mar 29, 2020 | Biological | DR-4503-AL |
| Mar 13, 2020 | Biological | EM-3472-AL |
| Apr 17, 2019 | Severe Storm | DR-4426-AL |
| Sep 11, 2017 | Hurricane | EM-3389-AL |
| Jan 21, 2016 | Severe Storm | DR-4251-AL |
| May 2, 2014 | Severe Storm | DR-4176-AL |
| Apr 28, 2011 | Severe Storm | DR-1971-AL |
| Apr 27, 2011 | Severe Storm | EM-3319-AL |
| Aug 30, 2008 | Hurricane | EM-3292-AL |
| Sep 10, 2005 | Hurricane | EM-3237-AL |
| Sep 15, 2004 | Hurricane | DR-1549-AL |
| May 12, 2003 | Severe Storm | DR-1466-AL |
| Nov 14, 2002 | Severe Storm | DR-1442-AL |
| Dec 7, 2001 | Severe Storm | DR-1399-AL |
| Mar 5, 2001 | Severe Storm | DR-1362-AL |
| Feb 23, 1996 | Severe Storm | DR-1104-AL |
| Mar 15, 1993 | Snowstorm | EM-3096-AL |
| Feb 17, 1990 | Severe Storm | DR-856-AL |
| Jul 20, 1977 | Drought | EM-3045-AL |
| Apr 9, 1977 | Flood | DR-532-AL |
| Apr 4, 1974 | Tornado | DR-422-AL |
This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).
OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries, retrieved October 30, 2026. Statewide declarations are not listed.
How this compares
Where Blount County stands among 67 counties in Alabama and 3,143 in the United States.
| Tornadoes since 1950 | 57 | 14 / 67 |
| Tornadoes rated F3/EF3 or stronger | 5 | 23 / 67 |
| Tropical cyclones within 50 mi | 4 | 62 / 67 |
| Hurricane-strength passes within 50 mi | 0 | — |
| Wildfire acres since 1984 | 0 | — |
| Flood insurance claims | 27 | 40 / 67 |
| Flood insurance paid | $814,000 | 29 / 67 |
| Disaster declarations | 25 | 31 / 67 |
| Flood events since 1996 | 48 | 22 / 67 |
| Hail and wind events since 1996 | 405 | 20 / 67 |
| Winter storm events since 1996 | 34 | 12 / 67 |
| Reported damage since 1996 | $32.1 million | 22 / 67 |
| River crests at major flood stage | 0 | — |
| High tide flooding days a year, last 10 years | 0.0 | — |
| Months in severe drought since 1895 | 88 | 61 / 67 |
| Medium or heavy smoke days a year, last 10 years | 10.6 | 38 / 67 |
| Earthquakes M4+ within 50 mi since 1900 | 4 | 4 / 67 |
| Earthquakes M2.5+ in the county since 1973 | 2 | 22 / 67 |
Neighbouring counties
| Cullman County | 93 | 5 |
| Etowah County | 35 | 5 |
| Jefferson County | 110 | 11 |
| Marshall County | 75 | 4 |
| St. Clair County | 44 | 7 |
| Walker County | 59 | 9 |
Sources and vintage
Every number on this page comes from these public records.
- Tornadoes NOAA Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, through 2025.
- Tropical cyclones NOAA National Hurricane Center HURDAT2 (Atlantic; Northeast and Central Pacific), through 2025.
- Wildfire USGS/USFS Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity, through 2026.
- Storm events NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, through 2026.
- Flood insurance OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026.
- Declarations OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries v2, retrieved October 30, 2026.
- Weather records NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily, station USW00013876.
- River crests NOAA National Weather Service, National Water Prediction Service river gauges, retrieved October 30, 2026.
- Drought NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, through September 2026.
- Smoke NOAA NESDIS Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, retrieved October 30, 2026.
- Earthquakes USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog (ComCat), retrieved October 30, 2026.
Joins, thresholds and known limits are set out in the methodology. Found an error? Report it. Page built October 30, 2026.