Casey County

Population 16,205 (2025) 444 sq mi

Property owners in Casey County have filed 24 federal flood insurance claims since 1978, 77th most of 120 counties in Kentucky.

Hazard fingerprint for Casey County Tornado: 23th percentile. Tropical: 20th percentile. Wildfire: 0th percentile. Flood: 55th percentile. Hail & wind: 49th percentile. Heat: 0th percentile. Cold: 28th percentile. Winter: 16th percentile. TORTROPFIREFLOODSEVEREHEATCOLDWINTER

Hazard fingerprint Each spoke is this county’s percentile among U.S. counties where that hazard occurs. How it is computed

2026
  • Tornado damage paths since 19507
  • Tropical cyclone tracks within 100 miles since 1851, wider where stronger3

At a glance

The record for Casey County in eight numbers. Each links to its section below.

Flood insurance claims

24

77th of 120 in Kentucky

$3.0 million paid since 2010

Details

Tornadoes since 1950

7

79th of 120 in Kentucky

Fewer than the typical Kentucky county, which has had 10

Details

Tropical cyclones within 50 mi

3

6th of 120 in Kentucky

None at hurricane strength since 1851

Details

Strongest tornado

F3

April 3, 1974, 21.1 mile path

Strongest tropical cyclone

TS

Tropical storm (unnamed), 1888, 27.3 miles away

Federal disaster declarations

34

Most recent: Severe Winter Storm, 2026

Details

Record high

105°F

Reached 2 times, most recently June 30, 2012

Details

Record low

−24°F

January 21, 1985

Details

Tornadoes

About one every 11 years since 1950, one of them rated F3/EF3 or stronger.

Strongest

April 3, 1974

F3, 21.1 mile path

10 yards wide; 1 killed along the whole path.

Most recent

Sunday, July 2, 2023

EF1, 0.1 mile path

3 years ago.

Tornadoes by decade Doppler radar era² 1950s: 0 1960s: 0 1970s: 1 1 1980s: 0 1990s: 1 1 2000s: 3 3 2010s: 1 1 2020s: 1 1 1950s1960s1970s1980s1990s2000s2010s2020s
Recorded tornadoes per decade. The 2020s are incomplete.
Tornadoes by month J: 0 F: 1 M: 1 A: 2 2 M: 0 J: 0 J: 1 A: 0 S: 0 O: 1 N: 1 D: 0 JFMAMJJASOND
By month of occurrence, all years.

Every recorded tornado

Tornadoes in Casey County since 1950
Jul 2, 2023EF10.14000
Feb 29, 2012EF27.215000
Oct 9, 2009EF21.322000
Apr 3, 2007EF113.820000
Nov 10, 2002F00.12500
Mar 28, 1997F110.05000
Apr 3, 1974F321.110981
  1. Injuries and deaths are for the tornado’s whole path, which may extend beyond the county. Deaths recorded within Casey County: 0.
  2. Weak tornadoes were under-recorded before Doppler radar coverage became national in the early 1990s, so earlier decades read low. Ratings use the Fujita scale before February 2007 and the Enhanced Fujita scale after.

Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, 1950 to 2025.

Hurricanes and tropical storms

3 passed within 50 miles since 1851; none at hurricane strength.

Strongest within 50 miles

August 21, 1888

Unnamed storm, Tropical storm

27.3 miles at closest approach, winds near 53 mph.

Most recent

September 27, 2024

Helene, Remnant low

13.9 miles at closest approach.

Every storm within 100 miles

Tropical cyclones within 100 miles
Helene202413.9Remnant low46Category 4
Opal199520.6Tropical storm40Category 4
Frederic197920.5Tropical storm40Category 4
Audrey195717.4Tropical storm41Category 3
Unnamed193296.1Post-tropical40Tropical storm
Unnamed191536.1Post-tropical40Category 4
Unnamed18923.8Post-tropical48Tropical storm
Unnamed188827.3Tropical storm53Category 3
  1. Tropical storms and hurricanes (34 kt or more, still tropical) at closest approach. Post-tropical remnants with gale-force winds are listed but not counted. Direct: track within 50 miles; near: within 100 miles. Distance is measured to the county boundary for counties and to the city centre for cities, using positions interpolated hourly between HURDAT2 fixes.

National Hurricane Center HURDAT2, 1851 to 2025.

Wildfire and smoke

No large wildfire has been mapped here since satellite mapping began in 1984.

Smoke overhead

Smokiest year

2023: 54 days

Heavy smoke on 9 days in 2023, the most of any year.

Last 10 years

14.2 days a year

Medium or heavy smoke, 2016 to 2025.

2025

9 days

Medium or heavy smoke. 30 so far in 2026.

Days with medium or heavy smoke overhead, by year 2011: 5 2012: 6 2013: 1 2014: 3 2015: 6 2016: 2 2017: 2 2018: 4 2019: 8 2020: 11 2021: 30 2022: 11 2023: 54 54 2024: 11 2025: 9 201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022202320242025
Days each year on which a satellite-traced plume of medium or heavy smoke covered the county’s population centre, 2011 to 2025.
  1. A smoke day is a date on which a smoke plume traced by NOAA Hazard Mapping System analysts from satellite imagery covered this place's point (the county's population centre or the city centre). Counts here are of medium or heavy smoke. Since 2018 analysts have often drawn light smoke as one area over most of the continent, so light-smoke counts are not comparable from year to year. The plumes show smoke anywhere in the air above, not air quality at the ground, and smoke hidden by cloud is missed.

NOAA Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, 2011 to 2026, retrieved October 30, 2026.

Floods and flood insurance

24 federal flood insurance claims since 2010, with $3.0 million paid.

Federal flood insurance claims by year 2010: 12 12 2021: 7 2010
Claims per year since 2010. Years with fewer than five claims are not shown.

Most claims in one year

2010: 12 claims

$1.8 million paid.

2nd most

2021: 7 claims

$997,000 paid.

Claims by ZIP code

Flood insurance claims by ZIP code
4253924$3.0 million

Flood events since 1996

  • Flash Flood26
  • Flood14
  • Heavy Rain1

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026. NOAA Storm Events through 2026.

Drought

In severe drought or worse for 146 of 1,581 months since 1895 (9%); the longest spell lasted 17 months.

146

Months in severe drought or worse since 1895

40

Months in extreme drought

9%

Share of all months, severe or worse

Lowest reading

January 1931

−6.59, extreme drought

Longest severe spell

17 months

January 1941 to May 1942.

Latest month

September 2026

+0.58, incipient wet spell

Last severe month: December 2023.

Months in severe drought or worse, by year 1895: 1 1896: 5 1897: 0 1898: 0 1899: 2 1900: 6 1901: 7 1902: 4 1903: 0 1904: 4 1905: 6 1906: 0 1907: 0 1908: 1 1909: 1 1910: 0 1911: 0 1912: 0 1913: 3 1914: 4 1915: 0 1916: 0 1917: 0 1918: 0 1919: 1 1920: 0 1921: 0 1922: 0 1923: 0 1924: 0 1925: 0 1926: 0 1927: 0 1928: 0 1929: 0 1930: 7 1931: 7 1932: 0 1933: 0 1934: 0 1935: 0 1936: 4 1937: 0 1938: 0 1939: 0 1940: 0 1941: 12 12 1942: 5 1943: 2 1944: 3 1945: 0 1946: 0 1947: 0 1948: 0 1949: 0 1950: 0 1951: 0 1952: 2 1953: 6 1954: 12 1955: 1 1956: 0 1957: 0 1958: 0 1959: 0 1960: 0 1961: 0 1962: 0 1963: 1 1964: 2 1965: 0 1966: 1 1967: 0 1968: 0 1969: 0 1970: 0 1971: 0 1972: 0 1973: 0 1974: 0 1975: 0 1976: 0 1977: 0 1978: 0 1979: 0 1980: 1 1981: 2 1982: 0 1983: 0 1984: 0 1985: 0 1986: 2 1987: 0 1988: 3 1989: 0 1990: 0 1991: 0 1992: 0 1993: 0 1994: 0 1995: 0 1996: 0 1997: 0 1998: 0 1999: 5 2000: 9 2001: 5 2002: 0 2003: 0 2004: 0 2005: 3 2006: 4 2007: 1 2008: 0 2009: 0 2010: 0 2011: 0 2012: 0 2013: 0 2014: 0 2015: 0 2016: 0 2017: 0 2018: 0 2019: 0 2020: 0 2021: 0 2022: 0 2023: 1 2024: 0 2025: 0 18951905191519251935194519551965197519851995200520152025
Months each year with a Palmer index of −3 or lower, 1895 to 2025. Twelve means the whole year.
  1. The Palmer Drought Severity Index is computed by NOAA each month from the county's average temperature and precipitation, relative to the county's own climate. Zero is normal; -3 or lower is severe drought and -4 or lower extreme drought. It describes the long-term balance of moisture, not water supply or crop losses.

NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, 1895 to September 2026, issued October 6, 2026.

Earthquakes and landslides

12 earthquakes of magnitude 2.5 or more within 50 miles since 1980; none reached magnitude 4.

0

Magnitude 2.5+ inside the county since 1973

5

Magnitude 3+ within 50 miles since 1973

0

Magnitude 4+ within 50 miles since 1900

0

Magnitude 5+ within 50 miles since 1900

Largest within 50 miles

September 17, 2004

Magnitude 3.7

8 km ESE of Corbin, Kentucky; 44.8 miles away, 0.8 miles deep.

Most recent, magnitude 3 or more

December 28, 2025

Magnitude 3.1

11 km ENE of Lancaster, Kentucky; 22.8 miles away.

Earthquakes of magnitude 3 or more within 50 miles, by year 1973: 0 1974: 0 1975: 0 1976: 0 1977: 0 1978: 0 1979: 0 1980: 1 1 1981: 0 1982: 0 1983: 0 1984: 0 1985: 0 1986: 0 1987: 1 1988: 0 1989: 0 1990: 0 1991: 0 1992: 0 1993: 0 1994: 0 1995: 0 1996: 0 1997: 0 1998: 0 1999: 0 2000: 0 2001: 0 2002: 0 2003: 0 2004: 1 2005: 0 2006: 0 2007: 0 2008: 0 2009: 1 2010: 0 2011: 0 2012: 0 2013: 0 2014: 0 2015: 0 2016: 0 2017: 0 2018: 0 2019: 0 2020: 0 2021: 0 2022: 0 2023: 0 2024: 0 2025: 1 19731978198319881993199820032008201320182023
Per year, 1973 to 2025.
  1. Earthquakes of magnitude 2.5 or more in the USGS Comprehensive Catalog since 1900. Within 50 miles means the epicentre lies within 50 miles of the county boundary (or inside the county).
  2. Small earthquakes were under-recorded before the modern seismic networks of the 1970s and are still missed in remote areas, so early decades read low. Magnitudes are as the catalogue reports them and mix scales (moment, local and body-wave).

USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog, 1900 to present, retrieved October 30, 2026.

Mapped landslides

35

Landslides mapped, probable or better

7

With a recorded date

1

Source inventory

Mapped by KY GS (35).

  1. Landslides mapped in the USGS compilation of landslide inventories across the United States (version 3.0, 2025), rated probable or better. The compilation joins inventories made by federal and state agencies for different purposes and areas, so the number mapped in a county reflects how closely it has been surveyed as much as how often its slopes fail. An area with few records may simply not have been mapped. Deaths are as recorded in the inventories; a slide listed in two inventories is counted once.

USGS Landslide Inventories across the United States, version 3.0, retrieved October 27, 2026.

Severe weather and other events

288 events in the National Weather Service record, 263 of them since 1996.

38

Hail reports, 1 inch or larger

3

Hail, 2 inches or larger

138

Damaging gusts, 58 mph+

23

Winter weather events since 1996

0

Heat events since 1996

5

Cold events since 1996

Largest hail

May 1, 2002

2.75 inches

Strongest measured or estimated gust

February 6, 2008

96 mph

More event types since 1996

Other Storm Events types since 1996
Lightning110Apr 5, 2025

Costliest events since 1996

  1. Apr 16, 1998Thunderstorm Wind$5.0 million
    National Weather Service narrative

    DES reported an 8 mile path of destruction resulted from severe thunderstorm winds. 16 structures received major damage, while 35 received minor damage. Losses were estimated at 5 million dollars.

  2. Mar 1, 1997Flood, Casey$500,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    In between 3 and 8 inches of rain fell in less than 24 hours causing many streets across these counties to be under water. Larue, Casey and Taylor counties were given financial aid as they were declared disaster areas.

  3. Sep 13, 2020Flood$250,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Cale Brown Road was closed at Caney Fork due to a bridge being out due to flooding.

  4. Mar 28, 1997Tornado$200,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    An F1 tornado destroyed a large part of a farm near Riffe and also damaged a few houses and destroyed several barns on a 10 mile path to Gilpin. Many trees and power lines were also down. Damage to the farm alone was at $150,100. The tornado appeared to skip in spots across south central Casey county. This tornado was produced by the same supercell that produced the F3 tornado that moved across Cane Valley and Pellyton in northern Adair county.

  5. Apr 28, 2002Thunderstorm Wind$100,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Ten barns were damaged or destroyed around the county. There was structural damage to a house near Bethel Ridge. A house and barn were damaged near Yosemite.

  6. Feb 6, 2008Thunderstorm Wind$100,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    A barn was destroyed and several others were heavily damaged norhteast of Middleburg on Highway 198. Several large pine trees were snapped on a golf course on Short Town Road.

  7. Feb 24, 2018Thunderstorm Wind$75,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    NWS Storm Survey found damage consistent of straight line winds in northern Casey County. A porch awning was ripped off a home and thrown over the roof into a free standing antenna. A breezeway also had damage to its ceiling and a door was pushed inward off the frame. Downstream, a fifth wheel RV was knocked over, falling into some dirt. Part of the house roof ended up downstream a quarter mile, where a forest along a downhill slope showed several trees snapped.

  8. Apr 27, 2016Hail$50,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Warm moist air originating in the Gulf of Mexico interacted with a stationary boundary across central Kentucky, resulting in several rounds of strong to severe thunderstorms during the afternoon and evening hours April 26 and April 27. Damaging winds, large hail and flooding were the primary impacts.

  9. Apr 3, 2007Tornado$50,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    The tornado touched down four miles northwest of Dunnville and skipped along the tops of ridges, exiting Casey County near Mintonville. The worst damage, near the upper bound of EF1 around 105 mph, was done to a large barn that was moved 30 feet off it���s 8��� high cement block foundation, with nearly 2/3 of the foundation collapsing. This was near the initial touchdown location. Damage to a well-constructed home southwest of Mintonville also was rated high-end EF1, with estimated winds of 105 mph, just before the tornado exited the county.

  10. May 27, 2017Flash Flood$50,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    The Casey Emergency Manager reported that Highway 70 was closed to mudslides.

  1. Storm Events records before 1996 cover only tornadoes, thunderstorm wind and hail. Damage figures are as reported by the National Weather Service at the time, not adjusted for inflation.

NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, 1950 to 2026, issued October 26, 2026.

Weather records

From Crab Orchard 6 N, 29.8 miles from the county’s population centre, with records from 1979.

All-time high
105°F2 times, most recently Jun 30, 2012
All-time low
−24°FJan 21, 1985
Warmest night
79°FJul 12, 2025
Coldest day
0°FJan 18, 1994
Wettest day
4.48 inJan 1, 2022
Snowiest day
12.0 inJan 22, 2016
Hottest year
2007mean 59.7°F
Coldest year
1980mean 53.9°F
Wettest year
201873.40 in
Driest year
200533.78 in
Snowiest season
24.0 in2021-22
Average monthly high and low temperature and precipitation, last 30 years, Crab Orchard 6 N 32°F 45° 26° 3.8 Jan 51° 30° 4.3 Feb 61° 37° 4.3 Mar 71° 45° 4.7 Apr 77° 54° 5.1 May 83° 61° 5.2 Jun 86° 65° 5.2 Jul 86° 64° 3.5 Aug 81° 57° 3.5 Sep 71° 47° 3.3 Oct 59° 36° 3.2 Nov 50° 31° 4.0 Dec Precipitation, inches
Average daily high and low by month, and average monthly precipitation, over the last 30 years.
Nights at or below freezing per year 1980: 128 128 1983: 105 1986: 94 1987: 123 1989: 124 1990: 92 1997: 109 1998: 78 1999: 88 2000: 103 2006: 78 2007: 85 2011: 70 2012: 81 2013: 107 2014: 106 2015: 83 2016: 89 2017: 73 2018: 94 2019: 82 2020: 75 2021: 92 2022: 90 2023: 69 2024: 67 2025: 87 198020062019
Nights at or below freezing each complete year, last 50 years. Thirty-year average: 86.0.
Snowfall by winter 1980: 10.5 in 1982: 3.1 in 1983: 16.8 in 1984: 21.0 in 1985: 10.1 in 1986: 7.5 in 1987: 6.0 in 1988: 3.0 in 1989: 10.0 in 1992: 3.0 in 1995: 15.5 in 1996: 0.0 in 1997: 3.0 in 1998: 0.0 in 1999: 4.5 in 2000: 5.5 in 2002: 9.8 in 2003: 4.0 in 2004: 0.8 in 2005: 5.5 in 2006: 6.2 in 2020: 15.0 in 2021: 24.0 in 24.0 2022: 2.0 in 2023: 7.0 in 2024: 18.5 in 2025: 7.0 in 198019952006
Total snowfall each winter (July to June), last 50 winters.

Median first snow

December 20

Earliest: November 15, 1992

Median last snow

February 15

Latest: April 18, 1983

2 of 27 winters had no measurable snow.

Station Crab Orchard 6 N (USC00151890), 1,025 ft elevation, 29.8 miles from the population centre. Daily records from 1979 to September 30, 2026; 89.9% of days in the last 30 years are complete. Records at a single station can differ from a city’s official threaded record, which may combine several stations.

NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily.

Federal disaster declarations

34 since 1953. The most recent: Severe Winter Storm, May 29, 2026.

Federal disaster declarations
May 29, 2026Winter StormSevere Winter StormMajor disasterDR-4913-KY
Jan 24, 2026Winter StormSevere Winter StormEmergencyEM-3633-KY
May 23, 2025Severe StormSevere Storms, Straight-Line Winds, and TornadoesMajor disasterDR-4875-KY
Apr 24, 2025Severe StormSevere Storms, Straight-Line Winds, Tornadoes, Flooding, Landslides, and MudslidesMajor disasterDR-4864-KY
Apr 3, 2025Severe StormSevere Storms, Straight-Line Winds, Tornadoes, and FloodingEmergencyEM-3626-KY
Feb 16, 2025Severe StormSevere Storms, Straight-Line Winds, Flooding, and LandslidesEmergencyEM-3624-KY
Apr 10, 2023Severe StormSevere Storms, Straight-Line Winds, Tornadoes, Flooding, Landslides, and MudslidesMajor disasterDR-4702-KY
Jul 29, 2022FloodSevere Storms, Flooding, Landslides, and MudslidesMajor disasterDR-4663-KY
Apr 23, 2021FloodSevere, Storms, Flooding, Landslides, and MudslidesMajor disasterDR-4595-KY
Mar 31, 2021Severe Ice StormSevere Winter Storms, Landslides, and MudslidesMajor disasterDR-4592-KY
Mar 28, 2020BiologicalCovid-19 PandemicMajor disasterDR-4497-KY
Mar 13, 2020BiologicalCovid-19EmergencyEM-3469-KY
Apr 17, 2019Severe StormSevere Storms, Straight-Line Winds, Flooding, Landslides, and MudslidesMajor disasterDR-4428-KY
May 12, 2015FloodSevere Winter Storm, Snowstorm, Flooding, Landslides, and MudslidesMajor disasterDR-4218-KY
May 11, 2010Severe StormSevere Storms, Flooding, Mudslides, and TornadoesMajor disasterDR-1912-KY
Feb 5, 2009Severe Ice StormSevere Winter Storm and FloodingMajor disasterDR-1818-KY
Jan 28, 2009Severe Ice StormSevere Winter StormEmergencyEM-3302-KY
Feb 21, 2008Severe StormSevere Storms, Tornadoes, Straight-Line Winds, andMajor disasterDR-1746-KY
Sep 10, 2005HurricaneHurricane KatrinaEmergencyEM-3231-KY
Jun 10, 2004Severe StormSevere Storms, Tornadoes, Flooding, and MudslidesMajor disasterDR-1523-KY
Mar 14, 2003Severe StormSevere Winter Ice and Snow Storms, Heavy Rain, Flooding, Tornadoes, and Mud andMajor disasterDR-1454-KY
May 7, 2002Severe StormSevere Storms, Tornadoes and FloodingMajor disasterDR-1414-KY
Apr 29, 1998Severe StormSevere Storms, Tornadoes,and FloodingMajor disasterDR-1216-KY
Mar 3, 1998Severe StormSevere Winter StormMajor disasterDR-1207-KY
Mar 4, 1997Severe StormSevere Storm, Flooding, and TornadoesMajor disasterDR-1163-KY
Jan 13, 1996SnowstormBlizzard of 96Major disasterDR-1089-KY
Jun 13, 1995TornadoTornadoes, Severe Winds, HailMajor disasterDR-1055-KY
Mar 16, 1994SnowstormSevere Weather, Freezing Rain, Sleet, SnwMajor disasterDR-1018-KY
Mar 16, 1993SnowstormSevere Snowfall & Winter StormEmergencyEM-3104-KY
Jan 29, 1991FloodSevere Storms & FloodingMajor disasterDR-893-KY
Feb 24, 1989FloodSevere Storms & FloodingMajor disasterDR-821-KY
May 15, 1984Severe StormHigh Winds, Tornadoes & FloodingMajor disasterDR-705-KY
Dec 12, 1978FloodSevere Storms & FloodingMajor disasterDR-568-KY
Jun 5, 1970FloodSevere Storms & FloodingMajor disasterDR-288-KY

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries, retrieved October 30, 2026. Statewide declarations are not listed.

How this compares

Where Casey County stands among 120 counties in Kentucky and 3,143 in the United States.

Ranks
Tornadoes since 1950779 / 1202,459 / 3,143
Tornadoes rated F3/EF3 or stronger155 / 1201,281 / 3,143
Tropical cyclones within 50 mi36 / 1201,131 / 3,143
Hurricane-strength passes within 50 mi0——
Wildfire acres since 19840——
Flood insurance claims2477 / 1201,995 / 3,143
Flood insurance paid$3.0 million34 / 120973 / 3,143
Disaster declarations3422 / 120231 / 3,143
Flood events since 19964192 / 1201,698 / 3,143
Hail and wind events since 199618762 / 1202,066 / 3,143
Winter storm events since 199623111 / 1202,569 / 3,143
Reported damage since 1996$7.0 million65 / 1202,184 / 3,143
River crests at major flood stage0——
High tide flooding days a year, last 10 years0.0——
Months in severe drought since 189514622 / 1201,041 / 3,143
Medium or heavy smoke days a year, last 10 years14.270 / 1201,742 / 3,143
Earthquakes M4+ within 50 mi since 19000——
Earthquakes M2.5+ in the county since 19730——

Neighbouring counties

Neighbouring counties
Adair County13301
Boyle County123015
Lincoln County123027
Marion County123010
Pulaski County27271029
Russell County9303
Taylor County13308

Sources and vintage

Every number on this page comes from these public records.

  • Tornadoes NOAA Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, through 2025.
  • Tropical cyclones NOAA National Hurricane Center HURDAT2 (Atlantic; Northeast and Central Pacific), through 2025.
  • Wildfire USGS/USFS Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity, through 2026.
  • Storm events NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, through 2026.
  • Flood insurance OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026.
  • Declarations OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries v2, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Weather records NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily, station USC00151890.
  • River crests NOAA National Weather Service, National Water Prediction Service river gauges, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Drought NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, through September 2026.
  • Smoke NOAA NESDIS Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Landslides USGS Landslide Inventories across the United States, version 3.0 (2025).
  • Earthquakes USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog (ComCat), retrieved October 30, 2026.

Joins, thresholds and known limits are set out in the methodology. Found an error? Report it. Page built October 30, 2026.