Jasper County
Population 15,785 (2025) 676 sq mi
Jasper County has recorded 61 tornadoes since 1950, 16th most of 82 counties in Mississippi; the most recent was on April 6, 2025.
Hazard fingerprint Each spoke is this county’s percentile among U.S. counties where that hazard occurs. How it is computed
- Tornado damage paths since 195061
- Tropical cyclone tracks within 100 miles since 1851, wider where stronger47
At a glance
The record for Jasper County in eight numbers. Each links to its section below.
Tornadoes since 1950
61
16th of 82 in Mississippi
69% more than the typical Mississippi county
DetailsTropical cyclones within 50 mi
25
26th of 82 in Mississippi
3 at hurricane strength since 1851
DetailsStrongest tornado
EF4
April 27, 2011, 122.0 mile path
Strongest tropical cyclone
Cat. 1
Hurricane Camille, 1969, 31.4 miles away
Tornadoes
About one every 1.2 years since 1950, 12 of them rated F3/EF3 or stronger.
Strongest
April 27, 2011
EF4, 122.0 mile path
1,050 yards wide; 7 killed along the whole path.
Deadliest
April 12, 2020
7 killed, EF4
98 injured along the whole path.
Most recent
Sunday, April 6, 2025
EF2, 12.4 mile path
Within the past year.
Every recorded tornado
| Apr 6, 2025 | EF2 | 12.4 | 0 | 1 |
| Mar 15, 2025 | EF2 | 13.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Mar 15, 2025 | EF1 | 2.6 | 0 | 0 |
| Mar 15, 2025 | EF1 | 8.4 | 0 | 0 |
| Dec 28, 2024 | EF1 | 11.8 | 0 | 0 |
| Dec 28, 2024 | EF2 | 9.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Dec 28, 2024 | EF0 | 1.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Dec 9, 2023 | EF1 | 27.2 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 18, 2023 | EF3 | 6.5 | 25 | 1 |
| Dec 14, 2022 | EF2 | 25.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Nov 29, 2022 | EF2 | 11.8 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 13, 2022 | EF2 | 43.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Dec 24, 2020 | EF1 | 3.9 | 0 | 0 |
| Dec 24, 2020 | EF0 | 2.7 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 12, 2020 | EF1 | 8.9 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 12, 2020 | EF3 | 83.2 | 2 | 0 |
| Apr 12, 2020 | EF4 | 67.4 | 98 | 7 |
| Feb 5, 2020 | EF2 | 59.9 | 0 | 0 |
| Feb 7, 2017 | EF1 | 3.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Jan 2, 2017 | EF1 | 3.9 | 0 | 0 |
| Feb 15, 2016 | EF1 | 14.6 | 0 | 0 |
| Jan 3, 2015 | EF2 | 8.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Mar 21, 2012 | EF0 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 |
| Nov 16, 2011 | EF2 | 12.9 | 15 | 0 |
| Apr 27, 2011 | EF4 | 122.0 | 17 | 7 |
| Apr 15, 2011 | EF1 | 1.6 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 15, 2011 | EF1 | 1.2 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 24, 2010 | EF2 | 22.9 | 0 | 0 |
| May 3, 2009 | EF1 | 0.6 | 0 | 0 |
| May 3, 2009 | EF1 | 4.8 | 0 | 0 |
| Mar 26, 2009 | EF1 | 19.4 | 1 | 0 |
| Sep 2, 2008 | EF0 | 4.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Sep 1, 2008 | EF0 | 0.6 | 0 | 0 |
| Sep 1, 2008 | EF0 | 0.7 | 0 | 0 |
| Feb 12, 2008 | EF1 | 0.9 | 0 | 0 |
| Sep 25, 2005 | F0 | 1.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 6, 2005 | F3 | 28.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Nov 24, 2004 | F2 | 38.0 | 4 | 0 |
| May 17, 2003 | F1 | 12.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Jan 3, 2000 | F2 | 6.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 14, 1999 | F3 | 25.5 | 33 | 1 |
| Mar 7, 1995 | F0 | 1.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Mar 7, 1995 | F0 | 1.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Nov 27, 1994 | F3 | 40.0 | 0 | 2 |
| Nov 22, 1992 | F4 | 40.0 | 20 | 0 |
| Oct 16, 1992 | F0 | 2.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Mar 5, 1989 | F1 | 0.7 | 0 | 0 |
| Feb 20, 1989 | F1 | 5.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Feb 20, 1989 | F1 | 8.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Mar 12, 1986 | F3 | 32.0 | 2 | 0 |
| Apr 25, 1980 | F2 | 46.1 | 8 | 1 |
| Apr 18, 1978 | F1 | 45.8 | 0 | 0 |
| Jan 9, 1972 | F3 | 18.2 | 1 | 0 |
| Feb 26, 1971 | F2 | 1.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Dec 2, 1967 | F1 | 3.8 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 14, 1967 | F1 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 |
| Dec 11, 1961 | F1 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 4, 1957 | F3 | 40.2 | 75 | 1 |
| Apr 12, 1955 | F2 | 57.6 | 0 | 0 |
| Mar 22, 1953 | F1 | 101.3 | 1 | 0 |
| Apr 21, 1951 | F3 | 33.5 | 16 | 2 |
- Injuries and deaths are for the tornado’s whole path, which may extend beyond the county. Deaths recorded within Jasper County: 4.
- Weak tornadoes were under-recorded before Doppler radar coverage became national in the early 1990s, so earlier decades read low. Ratings use the Fujita scale before February 2007 and the Enhanced Fujita scale after.
Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, 1950 to 2025.
Hurricanes and tropical storms
25 passed within 50 miles since 1851; 3 at hurricane strength.
Strongest within 50 miles
August 18, 1969
Camille, Category 1
31.4 miles at closest approach, winds near 94 mph.
Most recent
October 29, 2020
Zeta, Category 1
25.7 miles at closest approach.
Every storm within 100 miles
| Zeta | 2020 | 25.7 | Category 1 |
| Olga | 2019 | 36.3 | Post-tropical |
| Gordon | 2018 | 19.5 | Tropical storm |
| Nate | 2017 | 38.3 | Tropical storm |
| Lee | 2011 | 37.7 | Post-tropical |
| Katrina | 2005 | 0.0 | Tropical storm |
| Ivan | 2004 | 76.0 | Category 1 |
| Allison | 2001 | 63.9 | Subtropical storm |
| Erin | 1995 | 0.0 | Tropical storm |
| Elena | 1985 | 80.3 | Category 1 |
| Frederic | 1979 | 12.6 | Category 1 |
| Edith | 1971 | 0.0 | Tropical storm |
| Camille | 1969 | 31.4 | Category 1 |
| Hilda | 1964 | 76.2 | Tropical storm |
| Baker | 1950 | 50.5 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1948 | 0.0 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1944 | 91.2 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1934 | 81.4 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1932 | 32.1 | Post-tropical |
| Unnamed | 1932 | 80.8 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1932 | 0.0 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1926 | 97.0 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1923 | 0.0 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1923 | 78.4 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1916 | 92.8 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1916 | 8.6 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1915 | 5.5 | Post-tropical |
| Unnamed | 1912 | 24.2 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1912 | 4.6 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1911 | 65.9 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1907 | 37.6 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1906 | 0.0 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1905 | 93.3 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1901 | 38.0 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1893 | 72.7 | Category 1 |
| Unnamed | 1893 | 0.0 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1892 | 33.0 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1888 | 94.0 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1887 | 83.6 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1885 | 90.0 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1881 | 98.9 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1880 | 24.8 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1879 | 49.7 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1879 | 32.0 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1872 | 4.9 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1863 | 83.8 | Post-tropical |
| Unnamed | 1860 | 66.6 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1860 | 18.3 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1860 | 77.2 | Category 1 |
| Unnamed | 1859 | 97.1 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1855 | 3.6 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1852 | 64.4 | Category 1 |
- Tropical storms and hurricanes (34 kt or more, still tropical) at closest approach. Post-tropical remnants with gale-force winds are listed but not counted. Direct: track within 50 miles; near: within 100 miles. Distance is measured to the county boundary for counties and to the city centre for cities, using positions interpolated hourly between HURDAT2 fixes.
National Hurricane Center HURDAT2, 1851 to 2025.
Wildfire and smoke
No large wildfire has been mapped here since satellite mapping began in 1984.
Smoke overhead
Smokiest year
2023: 45 days
Heavy smoke on 3 days in 2018, the most of any year.
Last 10 years
11.3 days a year
Medium or heavy smoke, 2016 to 2025.
2025
8 days
Medium or heavy smoke. 27 so far in 2026.
- A smoke day is a date on which a smoke plume traced by NOAA Hazard Mapping System analysts from satellite imagery covered this place's point (the county's population centre or the city centre). Counts here are of medium or heavy smoke. Since 2018 analysts have often drawn light smoke as one area over most of the continent, so light-smoke counts are not comparable from year to year. The plumes show smoke anywhere in the air above, not air quality at the ground, and smoke hidden by cloud is missed.
NOAA Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, 2011 to 2026, retrieved October 30, 2026.
Floods and flood insurance
13 federal flood insurance claims since 1979, with $112,000 paid.
Flood events since 1996
- Flash Flood47
- Heavy Rain2
This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).
OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026. NOAA Storm Events through 2026.
Drought
In severe drought or worse for 98 of 1,581 months since 1895 (6%); the longest spell lasted 11 months.
98
Months in severe drought or worse since 1895
13
Months in extreme drought
6%
Share of all months, severe or worse
14
Drought reports to the Weather Service since 1996
Lowest reading
October 1963
−4.85, extreme drought
Longest severe spell
11 months
December 1999 to October 2000.
Latest month
September 2026
−2.13, moderate drought
Last severe month: December 2023.
- The Palmer Drought Severity Index is computed by NOAA each month from the county's average temperature and precipitation, relative to the county's own climate. Zero is normal; -3 or lower is severe drought and -4 or lower extreme drought. It describes the long-term balance of moisture, not water supply or crop losses.
NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, 1895 to September 2026, issued October 6, 2026.
Earthquakes
15 earthquakes of magnitude 2.5 or more within 50 miles since 1976; none reached magnitude 4.
0
Magnitude 2.5+ inside the county since 1973
12
Magnitude 3+ within 50 miles since 1973
0
Magnitude 4+ within 50 miles since 1900
0
Magnitude 5+ within 50 miles since 1900
Largest within 50 miles
July 16, 1993
Magnitude 3.7
2 km SSW of Silas, Alabama; 33.9 miles away, 3.1 miles deep.
Most recent, magnitude 3 or more
March 15, 2025
Magnitude 3.0
5 km NNE of Magee, Mississippi; 23.9 miles away.
- Earthquakes of magnitude 2.5 or more in the USGS Comprehensive Catalog since 1900. Within 50 miles means the epicentre lies within 50 miles of the county boundary (or inside the county).
- Small earthquakes were under-recorded before the modern seismic networks of the 1970s and are still missed in remote areas, so early decades read low. Magnitudes are as the catalogue reports them and mix scales (moment, local and body-wave).
USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog, 1900 to present, retrieved October 30, 2026.
Severe weather and other events
649 events in the National Weather Service record, 534 of them since 1996.
74
Hail reports, 1 inch or larger
4
Hail, 2 inches or larger
212
Damaging gusts, 58 mph+
15
Winter weather events since 1996
5
Heat events since 1996
2
Cold events since 1996
Largest hail
March 15, 2025
2.75 inches
Strongest measured or estimated gust
February 12, 2008
86 mph
More event types since 1996
| Lightning | 2 | 0 |
Costliest events since 1996
- Aug 29, 2005Hurricane (Typhoon), Jasper$150 million
National Weather Service narrative
Hurricane Katrina will likely go down as the worst and costliest natural disaster in United States history. The amount of destruction, the cost of damaged property/agriculture and the large loss of life across the affected region has been overwhelming. Catastrophic damage was widespread across a large portion of the Gulf Coast region. The devastation was not only confined to the coastal region, widespread and significant damage occurred well inland up to the Hattiesburg area and northward past Interstate 20. This hurricane has changed life as we know it across the Gulf Coast region which will take many years to return to normal.Hurricane Katrina was a very large and powerful storm…
- Apr 12, 2020Tornado$5.8 million
National Weather Service narrative
This violent, deadly tornado traveled 68 miles through parts of five counties including southeastern Jefferson Davis, central Covington, northwestern Jones, southeastern Jasper, and western Clarke counties. Locations impacted by this tornado include Bassfield, the areas between Collins and Seminary, Soso, Moss, Heidelberg, and Pachuta. This tornado is preliminarily rated EF4 with an estimated peak wind of 190 MPH east of Bassfield in southwestern Jefferson Davis County. Additional EF4 damage was noted near Soso in Jones County and at Moss in Jasper County. The maximum path width was 2.25 miles in the vicinity of Hughes Road west of Seminary in western Covington County. At this…
- Jun 18, 2023Tornado$5.0 million
National Weather Service narrative
An EF-3 tornado touched down along MS Highway 15 north of Bay Springs, moved northeast, and dissipated east of Louin. A few trees and power lines were blown down along Commerce Drive, and the Hol-Mac Plant sustained some minor damage to the roof and facilities. More intense structural damage occurred to buildings at Peco Farms where vehicles were also damaged, and a few loading trucks were flipped. Substantial tree damage began along the railroad tracks on the east side of the facility as the tornado moved across the property of Jones Lumber. There 3 metal building systems were demolished with an additional 3 having moderate to major damage. Estimated winds in this area were up to…
- Nov 24, 2004Tornado$3.0 million
National Weather Service narrative
This tornado moved into Jasper county from Smith county 5.5 miles southwest of Montrose and tracked northeast for 20 miles before moving into Newton county 6 miles east of Garlandville. As this strong tornado tracked across Jasper county a few thousand trees were uprooted and snapped. Seven residential homes sustained major damage along with eleven sustaining minor damage. Eight chicken houses were destroyed with five more sustaining major damage. The total path length of this tornado was 38 miles across Smith, Jasper and Newton counties.
- Feb 5, 2020Tornado$2.4 million
National Weather Service narrative
This long track tornado affected the counties of Jasper, Clarke and Lauderdale. This tornado began in Jasper County south of Bay Springs along County Road 9, where it snapped several softwood trees and some minor peeling of the tin roof of a home also occurred. It progressed northeast and crossed MS Highway 15 where it snapped a few softwood trees. As the tornado moved northeast to County Road 17, it began to ramp up in intensity as it caused a fire tower to bend and pulled the cement foundation several feet out of the ground. Additionally, it destroyed a nearby trailer, a nearby barn and caused some minor damage to the roof of a one-story home. The tornado continued its…
- Mar 9, 2011Flash Flood$2.0 million
National Weather Service narrative
Significant flooding occurred across portions of Jasper County as 6 to 8 inches of rain fell. Dozens of roads (40-50) were under water, including Highway 528. Several roads were washed out along with one bridge. Three businesses and a mobile home were flooded in Heidelburg.
- Apr 14, 1999Tornado$2.0 million
National Weather Service narrative
This strong tornado entered from Jones County and crossed portions of southern Jasper County. There were three injuries. Several houses and businesses were destroyed along with the Moss Firehouse. Overall, many homes and businesses received at least minor damage and numerous trees and power lines were blown down.
- Apr 6, 2025Tornado$2.0 million
National Weather Service narrative
This strong, deadly tornado began near Summerland where a few trees were uprooted along highway 28. The tornado progressed northeastward across mostly rural portions of Jones County, crossing into Jasper County near County Road 7 where structural damage began to be observed, primarily shingles and small portions of roofing removed. The tornado was estimated to be of EF-1 intensity at this time. Fluctuating between EF-0 and EF-1 intensities, the tornado carried northeastward crossing County Road 79 producing additional tree damage. After taking an abrupt leftward jog and impacting County Road 10 where trees were downed and a home had shingle/light roofing impacts, the tornado…
- Mar 26, 2009Tornado$2.0 million
National Weather Service narrative
This tornado started just off of County Road 20, on private property, about 1 mile ESE of Montrose. Several trees were uprooted/snapped at this location and again just to the east along County Road 206. The tornado moved across several miles of wooded bottom land before crossing County Road 2414. Substantial damage occurred along County Road 2414, 4 homes were heavily damaged. The worst was where a home on pillars was pushed off its blocks. One quarter of the roof was heavily damaged. Numerous trees were snapped and uprooted with 2 large trees down through a mobile home. An ATV was rolled down a hill over 100 yards. The tornado then crossed Highway 503 and destroyed an old church…
- Apr 12, 2020Tornado$1.4 million
National Weather Service narrative
This strong tornado traveled over 84 miles through parts of six counties including southern Lawrence, central Jefferson Davis, northern Covington, far northwestern Jones, far southeastern Smith, and Jasper counties. Some of the communities impacted include Oak Vale, the area north of Carson, the north side of Collins, Hot Coffee, Summerland, Stringer, and the west side of Paulding. This tornado is preliminarily rated EF3 with an estimated peak wind of 150 MPH near MS Highway 35 northeast of Carson in Jefferson Davis County. The maximum path width was 1.16 miles also near MS Highway 35 in Jefferson Davis County. No fatalities were reported in this tornado, but there was an…
- Storm Events records before 1996 cover only tornadoes, thunderstorm wind and hail. Damage figures are as reported by the National Weather Service at the time, not adjusted for inflation.
NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, 1950 to 2026, issued October 26, 2026.
Weather records
From Laurel, 19.8 miles from the county’s population centre, with records from 1891.
- All-time high
- 108°F3 times, most recently Aug 15, 2007
- All-time low
- 3°F2 times, most recently Dec 24, 1989
- Warmest night
- 83°FJun 22, 1904
- Coldest day
- 18°FDec 23, 1989
- Wettest day
- 9.20 inJun 5, 1928
- Snowiest day
- 10.0 inJan 1, 1964
- Hottest year
- 1911mean 68.1°F
- Coldest year
- 1940mean 62.2°F
- Wettest year
- 194980.61 in
- Driest year
- 195433.89 in
- Snowiest season
- 10.0 in1963-64
65 of 71 winters had no measurable snow.
Station Laurel (USC00224939), 225 ft elevation, 19.8 miles from the population centre. Daily records from 1891 to October 27, 2026; 88.5% of days in the last 30 years are complete. Records at a single station can differ from a city’s official threaded record, which may combine several stations.
NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily.
Federal disaster declarations
27 since 1953. The most recent: Severe Winter Storm, February 6, 2026.
| Feb 6, 2026 | Winter Storm | DR-4899-MS |
| Jan 24, 2026 | Winter Storm | EM-3640-MS |
| Aug 12, 2023 | Severe Storm | DR-4727-MS |
| Oct 22, 2021 | Hurricane | DR-4626-MS |
| Aug 28, 2021 | Hurricane | EM-3569-MS |
| May 4, 2021 | Severe Ice Storm | DR-4598-MS |
| Apr 16, 2020 | Severe Storm | DR-4536-MS |
| Apr 5, 2020 | Biological | DR-4528-MS |
| Mar 13, 2020 | Biological | EM-3474-MS |
| Dec 6, 2019 | Severe Storm | DR-4470-MS |
| Feb 14, 2019 | Severe Storm | DR-4415-MS |
| Aug 29, 2012 | Hurricane | DR-4081-MS |
| Aug 28, 2012 | Hurricane | EM-3348-MS |
| Apr 29, 2011 | Severe Storm | DR-1972-MS |
| Aug 30, 2008 | Hurricane | EM-3291-MS |
| Aug 29, 2005 | Hurricane | DR-1604-MS |
| Jul 10, 2005 | Hurricane | DR-1594-MS |
| Sep 15, 2004 | Hurricane | DR-1550-MS |
| Apr 24, 2003 | Severe Storm | DR-1459-MS |
| Oct 1, 1998 | Hurricane | DR-1251-MS |
| Nov 25, 1992 | Tornado | DR-968-MS |
| Feb 28, 1990 | Severe Storm | DR-859-MS |
| Sep 13, 1979 | Hurricane | DR-599-MS |
| Feb 22, 1977 | Snowstorm | EM-3032-MS |
| Apr 18, 1974 | Flood | DR-430-MS |
| Feb 22, 1971 | Tornado | DR-302-MS |
| Aug 18, 1969 | Hurricane | DR-271-MS |
This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).
OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries, retrieved October 30, 2026. Statewide declarations are not listed.
How this compares
Where Jasper County stands among 82 counties in Mississippi and 3,143 in the United States.
| Tornadoes since 1950 | 61 | 16 / 82 |
| Tornadoes rated F3/EF3 or stronger | 12 | 1 / 82 |
| Tropical cyclones within 50 mi | 25 | 26 / 82 |
| Hurricane-strength passes within 50 mi | 3 | 20 / 82 |
| Wildfire acres since 1984 | 0 | — |
| Flood insurance claims | 13 | 68 / 82 |
| Flood insurance paid | $112,000 | 69 / 82 |
| Disaster declarations | 27 | 28 / 82 |
| Flood events since 1996 | 49 | 26 / 82 |
| Hail and wind events since 1996 | 392 | 16 / 82 |
| Winter storm events since 1996 | 15 | 61 / 82 |
| Reported damage since 1996 | $189 million | 22 / 82 |
| River crests at major flood stage | 0 | — |
| High tide flooding days a year, last 10 years | 0.0 | — |
| Months in severe drought since 1895 | 98 | 48 / 82 |
| Medium or heavy smoke days a year, last 10 years | 11.3 | 55 / 82 |
| Earthquakes M4+ within 50 mi since 1900 | 0 | — |
| Earthquakes M2.5+ in the county since 1973 | 0 | — |
Neighbouring counties
| Clarke County | 56 | 26 |
| Jones County | 85 | 33 |
| Lauderdale County | 69 | 22 |
| Newton County | 61 | 22 |
| Scott County | 70 | 21 |
| Smith County | 97 | 23 |
| Wayne County | 40 | 34 |
Sources and vintage
Every number on this page comes from these public records.
- Tornadoes NOAA Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, through 2025.
- Tropical cyclones NOAA National Hurricane Center HURDAT2 (Atlantic; Northeast and Central Pacific), through 2025.
- Wildfire USGS/USFS Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity, through 2026.
- Storm events NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, through 2026.
- Flood insurance OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026.
- Declarations OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries v2, retrieved October 30, 2026.
- Weather records NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily, station USC00224939.
- River crests NOAA National Weather Service, National Water Prediction Service river gauges, retrieved October 30, 2026.
- Drought NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, through September 2026.
- Smoke NOAA NESDIS Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, retrieved October 30, 2026.
- Earthquakes USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog (ComCat), retrieved October 30, 2026.
Joins, thresholds and known limits are set out in the methodology. Found an error? Report it. Page built October 30, 2026.