Fergus County
Population 11,825 (2025) 4,339 sq mi
Large wildfires have burned 61,472 acres of Fergus County since 1984, 35th most of 56 counties in Montana; the largest was the Taylor Fire in 2021.
Hazard fingerprint Each spoke is this county’s percentile among U.S. counties where that hazard occurs. How it is computed
- Tornado damage paths since 195028
- Wildfire burn scars since 198417
At a glance
The record for Fergus County in eight numbers. Each links to its section below.
Acres burned since 1984
61,472
35th of 56 in Montana
17 large fires; the largest was Taylor, 2021
DetailsStrongest tornado
F2
July 8, 2002, 10.0 mile path
Tornadoes
About one every 2.7 years since 1950, none rated F3/EF3 or stronger.
Strongest
July 8, 2002
F2, 10.0 mile path
200 yards wide.
Most recent
Tuesday, June 28, 2005
F0, 0.3 mile path
21 years ago.
Every recorded tornado
| Jun 28, 2005 | F0 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 25, 2005 | F0 | 1.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 17, 2005 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 5, 2004 | F0 | 2.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 25, 2003 | F0 | 2.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Aug 5, 2002 | F0 | 4.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Jul 8, 2002 | F2 | 10.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 28, 2002 | F0 | 11.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Jul 8, 2000 | F0 | 2.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Aug 14, 1999 | F0 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 |
| Aug 14, 1999 | F2 | 5.0 | 3 | 0 |
| Jul 20, 1999 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Jul 7, 1999 | F0 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 30, 1999 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 21, 1999 | F0 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 |
| Aug 23, 1998 | F0 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 |
| Aug 23, 1998 | F1 | 3.5 | 0 | 0 |
| Aug 23, 1998 | F0 | 4.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 6, 1997 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 25, 1996 | F2 | 2.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Jul 7, 1993 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 21, 1991 | F0 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 8, 1988 | F0 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 |
| May 28, 1981 | F2 | 1.5 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 8, 1976 | F2 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Aug 19, 1975 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 3, 1971 | F1 | 2.3 | 0 | 0 |
| Jul 20, 1964 | F2 | 2.0 | 0 | 0 |
- Injuries and deaths are for the tornado’s whole path, which may extend beyond the county. Deaths recorded within Fergus County: 0.
- Weak tornadoes were under-recorded before Doppler radar coverage became national in the early 1990s, so earlier decades read low. Ratings use the Fujita scale before February 2007 and the Enhanced Fujita scale after.
Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, 1950 to 2025.
Hurricanes and tropical storms
No tropical storm or hurricane has tracked within 100 miles since records began in 1851.
Wildfire and smoke
61,472 acres burned in 17 large fires since 1984, equal to 2.2% of the land.
Largest
August 1, 2021
Taylor Fire, 21,707 acres
21,713 acres inside Fergus County.
Most recent
July 3, 2025
Wilder Fire
3,023 acres in total.
Every large fire
| Wilder | 2025 | 3,043 | 3,023 |
| South Moccasin | 2021 | 12,729 | 12,725 |
| Taylor | 2021 | 21,713 | 21,707 |
| Louse Creek | 2020 | 2 | 5,229 |
| Judith River Road 2 | 2020 | 1,044 | 1,045 |
| Ridgetop | 2019 | 642 | 10,327 |
| Rose Creek | 2018 | 1,131 | 1,131 |
| Trophy Ridge | 2015 | 1,920 | 4,478 |
| Blakslee | 2014 | 996 | 1,182 |
| Dove Tail | 2012 | 1,449 | 1,533 |
| Raven | 2010 | 4,483 | 26,643 |
| Box Elder | 2006 | 1,180 | 1,181 |
| Knox | 2005 | 2,059 | 2,060 |
| Willow 1 | 1999 | 1,740 | 1,859 |
| Burnettepk | 1991 | 4,643 | 4,643 |
| P N | 1988 | 1,533 | 1,532 |
| West Gulch | 1985 | 1,159 | 1,159 |
- Large fires mapped by the Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity program since 1984: 1,000 acres or more in the West, 500 or more in the East. Prescribed burns are excluded. Acres here are the part of each perimeter inside this place.
Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity (USGS and U.S. Forest Service), 1984 to 2026.
Smoke overhead
Smokiest year
2021: 56 days
Heavy smoke on 40 days in 2021, the most of any year.
Last 10 years
29.4 days a year
Medium or heavy smoke, 2016 to 2025.
2025
21 days
Medium or heavy smoke. 39 so far in 2026.
- A smoke day is a date on which a smoke plume traced by NOAA Hazard Mapping System analysts from satellite imagery covered this place's point (the county's population centre or the city centre). Counts here are of medium or heavy smoke. Since 2018 analysts have often drawn light smoke as one area over most of the continent, so light-smoke counts are not comparable from year to year. The plumes show smoke anywhere in the air above, not air quality at the ground, and smoke hidden by cloud is missed.
NOAA Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, 2011 to 2026, retrieved October 30, 2026.
Floods and flood insurance
27 federal flood insurance claims since 1978, with $244,000 paid.
Most claims in one year
2011: 14 claims
$198,000 paid.
Claims by ZIP code
| 59457 | 19 | $232,000 |
| 59430 | 5 | $11,000 |
Flood events since 1996
- Heavy Rain21
- Flood11
- Flash Flood6
This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).
OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026. NOAA Storm Events through 2026.
Drought
In severe drought or worse for 161 of 1,581 months since 1895 (10%); the longest spell lasted 27 months.
161
Months in severe drought or worse since 1895
70
Months in extreme drought
10%
Share of all months, severe or worse
Lowest reading
September 1936
−6.36, extreme drought
Longest severe spell
27 months
June 2000 to August 2002.
Latest month
September 2026
−1.02, mild drought
Last severe month: September 2022.
- The Palmer Drought Severity Index is computed by NOAA each month from the county's average temperature and precipitation, relative to the county's own climate. Zero is normal; -3 or lower is severe drought and -4 or lower extreme drought. It describes the long-term balance of moisture, not water supply or crop losses.
NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, 1895 to September 2026, issued October 6, 2026.
Earthquakes and landslides
1 earthquake of magnitude 4 or more within 50 miles since 1900; the largest was magnitude 4.1 in 2007.
3
Magnitude 2.5+ inside the county since 1973
9
Magnitude 3+ within 50 miles since 1973
1
Magnitude 4+ within 50 miles since 1900
0
Magnitude 5+ within 50 miles since 1900
Largest within 50 miles
November 25, 2007
Magnitude 4.1
12 km SSW of Grass Range, Montana; inside the county, 1.1 miles deep.
Most recent, magnitude 3 or more
February 12, 2026
Magnitude 3.7
3 km SE of Black Eagle, Montana; 48.6 miles away.
Every earthquake of magnitude 4 or more within 50 miles
| Nov 25, 2007 | 4.1 | Inside |
- Earthquakes of magnitude 2.5 or more in the USGS Comprehensive Catalog since 1900. Within 50 miles means the epicentre lies within 50 miles of the county boundary (or inside the county).
- Small earthquakes were under-recorded before the modern seismic networks of the 1970s and are still missed in remote areas, so early decades read low. Magnitudes are as the catalogue reports them and mix scales (moment, local and body-wave).
USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog, 1900 to present, retrieved October 30, 2026.
Mapped landslides
1
Landslides mapped, probable or better
0
With a recorded date
1
Source inventory
Mapped by USGS Conterminous (1).
- Landslides mapped in the USGS compilation of landslide inventories across the United States (version 3.0, 2025), rated probable or better. The compilation joins inventories made by federal and state agencies for different purposes and areas, so the number mapped in a county reflects how closely it has been surveyed as much as how often its slopes fail. An area with few records may simply not have been mapped. Deaths are as recorded in the inventories; a slide listed in two inventories is counted once.
USGS Landslide Inventories across the United States, version 3.0, retrieved October 27, 2026.
Severe weather and other events
1,046 events in the National Weather Service record, 965 of them since 1996.
188
Hail reports, 1 inch or larger
22
Hail, 2 inches or larger
191
Damaging gusts, 58 mph+
172
Winter weather events since 1996
0
Heat events since 1996
27
Cold events since 1996
Largest hail
June 26, 1996
4.50 inches
Strongest measured or estimated gust
June 10, 2016
116 mph
Costliest events since 1996
- Aug 14, 1999Tornado$4.0 million
National Weather Service narrative
NUMEROUS HAIL REPORTS 1 TO 2 INCHES...ONE WIND ESTIMATE AHEAD OF TORNADO 87KT
- May 7, 2024Winter Weather, Fergus County Below 4500Ft$224,000
National Weather Service narrative
Fergus Electric COOP posted several photos on Facebook showing numerous power poles knocked over due to a combination of strong winds and ice building up on the lines. Areas hit hardest were in Judith Basin and Fergus counties. No snow observation reports were received for the lower elevations of Fergus county. $224,000 in damages were done to utilities.
- Jun 7, 2023Flash Flood$200,000
National Weather Service narrative
Fergus County Sheriff's Office and Emergency Management reported portions of Casino Creek Road washed out from heavy rain and flooding of the creek. The road was washed out completely in at least two locations, per a later NWS survey. Many cattle fields along the creek were also flooded.
- May 7, 2024Winter Weather, Judith Basin County And Judith Gap$164,000
National Weather Service narrative
Fergus Electric COOP posted several photos on Facebook showing numerous power poles knocked over due to a combination of strong winds and ice building up on the lines. Areas hit hardest were in Judith Basin and Fergus counties. 164,000 in damages were done to utilities.
- May 19, 2011Flood$125,000
National Weather Service narrative
Wild Rose Road washed out.|Faron Hill Road washed out.|Middle Fork Road washed out.|Giltedge Road washed out.|Highway 87S from mile marker 31 to 32 a dam was breached.|Highway 191N between Roy and Lewistown road damaged due to a sink hole.|Many homes affected and a shelter was set up in Lewistown for flood victims.
- Jul 8, 2002Tornado$100,000
National Weather Service narrative
A severe thunderstorm moved across the northern half of Fergus County during the late afternoon hours on the 8th. This storm produced a widespread area of one to two inch hail from Brooks to Roy, with wind gusts over 70 mph. When the storm was just north of Brooks, a tornado developed. This tornado was on the ground for several miles, but remained over rural areas of Fergus County. However, this tornado did hit three residences, causing damage to houses and several barns. A few mobile homes were also damaged and one grain elevator near Moulton was toppled.
- Aug 23, 1998Tornado$35,000
- Jun 25, 1996Tornado$25,000
National Weather Service narrative
A tornado touched down for about 20 minutes, damaging several buildings on a ranch 8 miles northeast of Denton.
- Jun 7, 2023Flash Flood$25,000
National Weather Service narrative
Fergus County Sheriff's Office reported portions of Cottonwood Creek Road washed out from flooding.
- Jul 8, 2000Thunderstorm Wind$10,000
- Storm Events records before 1996 cover only tornadoes, thunderstorm wind and hail. Damage figures are as reported by the National Weather Service at the time, not adjusted for inflation.
NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, 1950 to 2026, issued October 26, 2026.
Weather records
From Lewistown Airport, 3.3 miles from the county’s population centre, with records from 1896.
- All-time high
- 105°F2 times, most recently Jul 31, 1900
- All-time low
- −46°FJan 28, 1929
- Warmest night
- 71°FJul 17, 1925
- Coldest day
- −28°FJan 29, 1916
- Wettest day
- 4.35 inSep 18, 2024
- Snowiest day
- 21.1 inMay 29, 1982
- Hottest year
- 1934mean 46.8°F
- Coldest year
- 1951mean 37.8°F
- Wettest year
- 195328.61 in
- Driest year
- 202110.91 in
Station Lewistown Airport (USW00024036), 4,125 ft elevation, 3.3 miles from the population centre. Daily records from 1896 to October 25, 2026; 99.2% of days in the last 30 years are complete. Records at a single station can differ from a city’s official threaded record, which may combine several stations.
NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily.
Federal disaster declarations
10 since 1953. The most recent: Severe Winter Storm and Flooding, July 18, 2024.
| Jul 18, 2024 | Severe Storm | DR-4801-MT |
| Oct 11, 2023 | Flood | DR-4745-MT |
| Mar 31, 2020 | Biological | DR-4508-MT |
| Mar 13, 2020 | Biological | EM-3476-MT |
| Jul 10, 2013 | Flood | DR-4127-MT |
| Jun 17, 2011 | Severe Storm | DR-1996-MT |
| Sep 13, 2005 | Hurricane | EM-3253-MT |
| Aug 30, 2000 | Fire | DR-1340-MT |
| Mar 15, 1986 | Flood | DR-761-MT |
| Jun 28, 1975 | Flood | DR-472-MT |
This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).
OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries, retrieved October 30, 2026. Statewide declarations are not listed.
How this compares
Where Fergus County stands among 56 counties in Montana and 3,143 in the United States.
| Tornadoes since 1950 | 28 | 2 / 56 |
| Tornadoes rated F3/EF3 or stronger | 0 | — |
| Tropical cyclones within 50 mi | 0 | — |
| Hurricane-strength passes within 50 mi | 0 | — |
| Wildfire acres since 1984 | 61,472 | 35 / 56 |
| Flood insurance claims | 27 | 17 / 56 |
| Flood insurance paid | $244,000 | 16 / 56 |
| Disaster declarations | 10 | 27 / 56 |
| Flood events since 1996 | 38 | 16 / 56 |
| Hail and wind events since 1996 | 695 | 7 / 56 |
| Winter storm events since 1996 | 172 | 24 / 56 |
| Reported damage since 1996 | $5.0 million | 19 / 56 |
| River crests at major flood stage | 0 | — |
| High tide flooding days a year, last 10 years | 0.0 | — |
| Months in severe drought since 1895 | 161 | 26 / 56 |
| Medium or heavy smoke days a year, last 10 years | 29.4 | 26 / 56 |
| Earthquakes M4+ within 50 mi since 1900 | 1 | 37 / 56 |
| Earthquakes M2.5+ in the county since 1973 | 3 | 22 / 56 |
Neighbouring counties
| Blaine County | 7 | 0 |
| Chouteau County | 17 | 0 |
| Golden Valley County | 0 | 0 |
| Judith Basin County | 18 | 0 |
| Musselshell County | 6 | 0 |
| Petroleum County | 8 | 0 |
| Phillips County | 15 | 0 |
| Wheatland County | 7 | 0 |
Sources and vintage
Every number on this page comes from these public records.
- Tornadoes NOAA Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, through 2025.
- Tropical cyclones NOAA National Hurricane Center HURDAT2 (Atlantic; Northeast and Central Pacific), through 2025.
- Wildfire USGS/USFS Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity, through 2026.
- Storm events NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, through 2026.
- Flood insurance OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026.
- Declarations OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries v2, retrieved October 30, 2026.
- Weather records NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily, station USW00024036.
- River crests NOAA National Weather Service, National Water Prediction Service river gauges, retrieved October 30, 2026.
- Drought NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, through September 2026.
- Smoke NOAA NESDIS Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, retrieved October 30, 2026.
- Landslides USGS Landslide Inventories across the United States, version 3.0 (2025).
- Earthquakes USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog (ComCat), retrieved October 30, 2026.
Joins, thresholds and known limits are set out in the methodology. Found an error? Report it. Page built October 30, 2026.