Fergus County

Population 11,825 (2025) 4,339 sq mi

Large wildfires have burned 61,472 acres of Fergus County since 1984, 35th most of 56 counties in Montana; the largest was the Taylor Fire in 2021.

Hazard fingerprint for Fergus County Tornado: 13th percentile. Tropical: 0th percentile. Wildfire: 49th percentile. Flood: 8th percentile. Hail & wind: 15th percentile. Heat: 0th percentile. Cold: 77th percentile. Winter: 86th percentile. TORTROPFIREFLOODSEVEREHEATCOLDWINTER

Hazard fingerprint Each spoke is this county’s percentile among U.S. counties where that hazard occurs. How it is computed

2026
  • Tornado damage paths since 195028
  • Wildfire burn scars since 198417

At a glance

The record for Fergus County in eight numbers. Each links to its section below.

Acres burned since 1984

61,472

35th of 56 in Montana

17 large fires; the largest was Taylor, 2021

Details

Tornadoes since 1950

28

2nd of 56 in Montana

4.7 times the typical Montana county

Details

Flood insurance claims

27

17th of 56 in Montana

$244,000 paid since 1978

Details

Strongest tornado

F2

July 8, 2002, 10.0 mile path

Federal disaster declarations

10

Most recent: Severe Winter Storm and Flooding, 2024

Details

Record high

105°F

Reached 2 times, most recently July 31, 1900

Details

Record low

−46°F

January 28, 1929

Details

Costliest event since 1996

$4.0M

Tornado, August 14, 1999

Details

Tornadoes

About one every 2.7 years since 1950, none rated F3/EF3 or stronger.

Strongest

July 8, 2002

F2, 10.0 mile path

200 yards wide.

Most recent

Tuesday, June 28, 2005

F0, 0.3 mile path

21 years ago.

Tornadoes by decade Doppler radar era² 1950s: 0 1960s: 1 1 1970s: 3 3 1980s: 2 2 1990s: 13 13 2000s: 9 9 2010s: 0 2020s: 0 1950s1960s1970s1980s1990s2000s2010s2020s
Recorded tornadoes per decade. The 2020s are incomplete.
Tornadoes by month J: 0 F: 0 M: 0 A: 1 M: 1 J: 13 13 J: 6 A: 7 S: 0 O: 0 N: 0 D: 0 JFMAMJJASOND
By month of occurrence, all years.

Every recorded tornado

Tornadoes in Fergus County since 1950
Jun 28, 2005F00.3500
Jun 25, 2005F01.0800
Jun 17, 2005F00.1500
Jun 5, 2004F02.010000
Apr 25, 2003F02.02500
Aug 5, 2002F04.01000
Jul 8, 2002F210.020000
Jun 28, 2002F011.05000
Jul 8, 2000F02.02000
Aug 14, 1999F00.52000
Aug 14, 1999F25.010030
Jul 20, 1999F00.11000
Jul 7, 1999F00.22000
Jun 30, 1999F00.1000
Jun 21, 1999F00.21000
Aug 23, 1998F00.33000
Aug 23, 1998F13.53000
Aug 23, 1998F04.03000
Jun 6, 1997F00.12000
Jun 25, 1996F22.03000
Jul 7, 1993F00.11000
Jun 21, 1991F00.21000
Jun 8, 1988F00.21000
May 28, 1981F21.510000
Jun 8, 1976F20.11000
Aug 19, 1975F00.11000
Jun 3, 1971F12.33000
Jul 20, 1964F22.01000
  1. Injuries and deaths are for the tornado’s whole path, which may extend beyond the county. Deaths recorded within Fergus County: 0.
  2. Weak tornadoes were under-recorded before Doppler radar coverage became national in the early 1990s, so earlier decades read low. Ratings use the Fujita scale before February 2007 and the Enhanced Fujita scale after.

Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, 1950 to 2025.

Hurricanes and tropical storms

No tropical storm or hurricane has tracked within 100 miles since records began in 1851.

Wildfire and smoke

61,472 acres burned in 17 large fires since 1984, equal to 2.2% of the land.

Largest

August 1, 2021

Taylor Fire, 21,707 acres

21,713 acres inside Fergus County.

Most recent

July 3, 2025

Wilder Fire

3,023 acres in total.

Acres burned since 1984, cumulative 1985: 1,1591988: 1,5331991: 4,6441999: 1,7402005: 2,0602006: 1,1802010: 4,4832012: 1,4492014: 9962015: 1,9202018: 1,1312019: 6422020: 1,0472021: 34,4422025: 3,043 61,472 acres 198519901995200020052010201520202025
Running total of acres burned inside the county (line) and each year’s acres (bars).

Every large fire

Large wildfires since 1984
Wilder20253,0433,023
South Moccasin202112,72912,725
Taylor202121,71321,707
Louse Creek202025,229
Judith River Road 220201,0441,045
Ridgetop201964210,327
Rose Creek20181,1311,131
Trophy Ridge20151,9204,478
Blakslee20149961,182
Dove Tail20121,4491,533
Raven20104,48326,643
Box Elder20061,1801,181
Knox20052,0592,060
Willow 119991,7401,859
Burnettepk19914,6434,643
P N19881,5331,532
West Gulch19851,1591,159
  1. Large fires mapped by the Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity program since 1984: 1,000 acres or more in the West, 500 or more in the East. Prescribed burns are excluded. Acres here are the part of each perimeter inside this place.

Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity (USGS and U.S. Forest Service), 1984 to 2026.

Smoke overhead

Smokiest year

2021: 56 days

Heavy smoke on 40 days in 2021, the most of any year.

Last 10 years

29.4 days a year

Medium or heavy smoke, 2016 to 2025.

2025

21 days

Medium or heavy smoke. 39 so far in 2026.

Days with medium or heavy smoke overhead, by year 2011: 4 2012: 23 2013: 13 2014: 14 2015: 23 2016: 4 2017: 32 2018: 29 2019: 9 2020: 22 2021: 56 56 2022: 24 2023: 46 2024: 51 2025: 21 201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022202320242025
Days each year on which a satellite-traced plume of medium or heavy smoke covered the county’s population centre, 2011 to 2025.
  1. A smoke day is a date on which a smoke plume traced by NOAA Hazard Mapping System analysts from satellite imagery covered this place's point (the county's population centre or the city centre). Counts here are of medium or heavy smoke. Since 2018 analysts have often drawn light smoke as one area over most of the continent, so light-smoke counts are not comparable from year to year. The plumes show smoke anywhere in the air above, not air quality at the ground, and smoke hidden by cloud is missed.

NOAA Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, 2011 to 2026, retrieved October 30, 2026.

Floods and flood insurance

27 federal flood insurance claims since 1978, with $244,000 paid.

Federal flood insurance claims by year 2011: 14 14 2011
Claims per year since 1978. Years with fewer than five claims are not shown.

Most claims in one year

2011: 14 claims

$198,000 paid.

Claims by ZIP code

Flood insurance claims by ZIP code
5945719$232,000
594305$11,000

Flood events since 1996

  • Heavy Rain21
  • Flood11
  • Flash Flood6

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026. NOAA Storm Events through 2026.

Drought

In severe drought or worse for 161 of 1,581 months since 1895 (10%); the longest spell lasted 27 months.

161

Months in severe drought or worse since 1895

70

Months in extreme drought

10%

Share of all months, severe or worse

Lowest reading

September 1936

−6.36, extreme drought

Longest severe spell

27 months

June 2000 to August 2002.

Latest month

September 2026

−1.02, mild drought

Last severe month: September 2022.

Months in severe drought or worse, by year 1895: 0 1896: 0 1897: 0 1898: 0 1899: 0 1900: 0 1901: 0 1902: 0 1903: 0 1904: 0 1905: 2 1906: 3 1907: 0 1908: 0 1909: 0 1910: 0 1911: 0 1912: 0 1913: 0 1914: 0 1915: 0 1916: 0 1917: 0 1918: 0 1919: 5 1920: 0 1921: 0 1922: 0 1923: 0 1924: 0 1925: 0 1926: 0 1927: 0 1928: 0 1929: 0 1930: 3 1931: 10 1932: 2 1933: 0 1934: 4 1935: 7 1936: 9 1937: 12 12 1938: 2 1939: 0 1940: 0 1941: 2 1942: 0 1943: 0 1944: 0 1945: 0 1946: 0 1947: 0 1948: 0 1949: 0 1950: 0 1951: 0 1952: 0 1953: 2 1954: 0 1955: 0 1956: 3 1957: 0 1958: 0 1959: 0 1960: 0 1961: 11 1962: 2 1963: 0 1964: 0 1965: 0 1966: 0 1967: 0 1968: 0 1969: 0 1970: 0 1971: 0 1972: 0 1973: 0 1974: 0 1975: 0 1976: 0 1977: 0 1978: 0 1979: 0 1980: 3 1981: 1 1982: 0 1983: 0 1984: 4 1985: 3 1986: 0 1987: 0 1988: 7 1989: 0 1990: 0 1991: 0 1992: 2 1993: 0 1994: 0 1995: 0 1996: 0 1997: 0 1998: 0 1999: 0 2000: 7 2001: 12 2002: 8 2003: 4 2004: 6 2005: 8 2006: 0 2007: 0 2008: 0 2009: 0 2010: 0 2011: 0 2012: 1 2013: 0 2014: 0 2015: 0 2016: 0 2017: 1 2018: 0 2019: 0 2020: 0 2021: 7 2022: 8 2023: 0 2024: 0 2025: 0 18951905191519251935194519551965197519851995200520152025
Months each year with a Palmer index of −3 or lower, 1895 to 2025. Twelve means the whole year.
  1. The Palmer Drought Severity Index is computed by NOAA each month from the county's average temperature and precipitation, relative to the county's own climate. Zero is normal; -3 or lower is severe drought and -4 or lower extreme drought. It describes the long-term balance of moisture, not water supply or crop losses.

NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, 1895 to September 2026, issued October 6, 2026.

Earthquakes and landslides

1 earthquake of magnitude 4 or more within 50 miles since 1900; the largest was magnitude 4.1 in 2007.

3

Magnitude 2.5+ inside the county since 1973

9

Magnitude 3+ within 50 miles since 1973

1

Magnitude 4+ within 50 miles since 1900

0

Magnitude 5+ within 50 miles since 1900

Largest within 50 miles

November 25, 2007

Magnitude 4.1

12 km SSW of Grass Range, Montana; inside the county, 1.1 miles deep.

Most recent, magnitude 3 or more

February 12, 2026

Magnitude 3.7

3 km SE of Black Eagle, Montana; 48.6 miles away.

Earthquakes of magnitude 3 or more within 50 miles, by year 1973: 0 1974: 0 1975: 0 1976: 0 1977: 0 1978: 0 1979: 0 1980: 0 1981: 0 1982: 0 1983: 0 1984: 1 1 1985: 1 1986: 0 1987: 0 1988: 0 1989: 1 1990: 0 1991: 1 1992: 0 1993: 0 1994: 0 1995: 0 1996: 0 1997: 0 1998: 0 1999: 0 2000: 0 2001: 0 2002: 0 2003: 0 2004: 0 2005: 0 2006: 0 2007: 1 2008: 0 2009: 0 2010: 0 2011: 1 2012: 0 2013: 0 2014: 0 2015: 0 2016: 0 2017: 0 2018: 0 2019: 0 2020: 0 2021: 1 2022: 0 2023: 0 2024: 0 2025: 0 19731978198319881993199820032008201320182023
Per year, 1973 to 2025.

Every earthquake of magnitude 4 or more within 50 miles

Earthquakes of magnitude 4 or more within 50 miles
Nov 25, 20074.1Inside1.112 km SSW of Grass Range, Montana
  1. Earthquakes of magnitude 2.5 or more in the USGS Comprehensive Catalog since 1900. Within 50 miles means the epicentre lies within 50 miles of the county boundary (or inside the county).
  2. Small earthquakes were under-recorded before the modern seismic networks of the 1970s and are still missed in remote areas, so early decades read low. Magnitudes are as the catalogue reports them and mix scales (moment, local and body-wave).

USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog, 1900 to present, retrieved October 30, 2026.

Mapped landslides

1

Landslides mapped, probable or better

0

With a recorded date

1

Source inventory

Mapped by USGS Conterminous (1).

  1. Landslides mapped in the USGS compilation of landslide inventories across the United States (version 3.0, 2025), rated probable or better. The compilation joins inventories made by federal and state agencies for different purposes and areas, so the number mapped in a county reflects how closely it has been surveyed as much as how often its slopes fail. An area with few records may simply not have been mapped. Deaths are as recorded in the inventories; a slide listed in two inventories is counted once.

USGS Landslide Inventories across the United States, version 3.0, retrieved October 27, 2026.

Severe weather and other events

1,046 events in the National Weather Service record, 965 of them since 1996.

188

Hail reports, 1 inch or larger

22

Hail, 2 inches or larger

191

Damaging gusts, 58 mph+

172

Winter weather events since 1996

0

Heat events since 1996

27

Cold events since 1996

Largest hail

June 26, 1996

4.50 inches

Strongest measured or estimated gust

June 10, 2016

116 mph

Costliest events since 1996

  1. Aug 14, 1999Tornado$4.0 million
    National Weather Service narrative

    NUMEROUS HAIL REPORTS 1 TO 2 INCHES...ONE WIND ESTIMATE AHEAD OF TORNADO 87KT

  2. May 7, 2024Winter Weather, Fergus County Below 4500Ft$224,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Fergus Electric COOP posted several photos on Facebook showing numerous power poles knocked over due to a combination of strong winds and ice building up on the lines. Areas hit hardest were in Judith Basin and Fergus counties. No snow observation reports were received for the lower elevations of Fergus county. $224,000 in damages were done to utilities.

  3. Jun 7, 2023Flash Flood$200,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Fergus County Sheriff's Office and Emergency Management reported portions of Casino Creek Road washed out from heavy rain and flooding of the creek. The road was washed out completely in at least two locations, per a later NWS survey. Many cattle fields along the creek were also flooded.

  4. May 7, 2024Winter Weather, Judith Basin County And Judith Gap$164,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Fergus Electric COOP posted several photos on Facebook showing numerous power poles knocked over due to a combination of strong winds and ice building up on the lines. Areas hit hardest were in Judith Basin and Fergus counties. 164,000 in damages were done to utilities.

  5. May 19, 2011Flood$125,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Wild Rose Road washed out.|Faron Hill Road washed out.|Middle Fork Road washed out.|Giltedge Road washed out.|Highway 87S from mile marker 31 to 32 a dam was breached.|Highway 191N between Roy and Lewistown road damaged due to a sink hole.|Many homes affected and a shelter was set up in Lewistown for flood victims.

  6. Jul 8, 2002Tornado$100,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    A severe thunderstorm moved across the northern half of Fergus County during the late afternoon hours on the 8th. This storm produced a widespread area of one to two inch hail from Brooks to Roy, with wind gusts over 70 mph. When the storm was just north of Brooks, a tornado developed. This tornado was on the ground for several miles, but remained over rural areas of Fergus County. However, this tornado did hit three residences, causing damage to houses and several barns. A few mobile homes were also damaged and one grain elevator near Moulton was toppled.

  7. Aug 23, 1998Tornado$35,000
  8. Jun 25, 1996Tornado$25,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    A tornado touched down for about 20 minutes, damaging several buildings on a ranch 8 miles northeast of Denton.

  9. Jun 7, 2023Flash Flood$25,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Fergus County Sheriff's Office reported portions of Cottonwood Creek Road washed out from flooding.

  10. Jul 8, 2000Thunderstorm Wind$10,000
  1. Storm Events records before 1996 cover only tornadoes, thunderstorm wind and hail. Damage figures are as reported by the National Weather Service at the time, not adjusted for inflation.

NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, 1950 to 2026, issued October 26, 2026.

Weather records

From Lewistown Airport, 3.3 miles from the county’s population centre, with records from 1896.

All-time high
105°F2 times, most recently Jul 31, 1900
All-time low
−46°FJan 28, 1929
Warmest night
71°FJul 17, 1925
Coldest day
−28°FJan 29, 1916
Wettest day
4.35 inSep 18, 2024
Snowiest day
21.1 inMay 29, 1982
Hottest year
1934mean 46.8°F
Coldest year
1951mean 37.8°F
Wettest year
195328.61 in
Driest year
202110.91 in
Average monthly high and low temperature and precipitation, last 30 years, Lewistown Airport 32°F 35° 13° 0.6 Jan 34° 13° 0.5 Feb 44° 21° 0.8 Mar 52° 29° 1.7 Apr 62° 37° 2.9 May 71° 45° 3.2 Jun 83° 52° 1.5 Jul 81° 51° 1.6 Aug 71° 43° 1.6 Sep 56° 32° 1.3 Oct 44° 22° 0.6 Nov 35° 14° 0.5 Dec Precipitation, inches
Average daily high and low by month, and average monthly precipitation, over the last 30 years.
Nights at or below freezing per year 1976: 189 1977: 186 1978: 184 1979: 195 1980: 162 1981: 173 1982: 187 1983: 177 1984: 196 1985: 193 1986: 189 1987: 181 1988: 169 1989: 173 1990: 170 1991: 175 1992: 181 1993: 199 1994: 184 1995: 181 1996: 193 1997: 177 1998: 187 1999: 184 2001: 159 2002: 205 205 2003: 177 2004: 181 2005: 175 2006: 184 2007: 170 2008: 200 2009: 203 2010: 191 2011: 192 2012: 181 2013: 194 2014: 173 2015: 157 2016: 155 2017: 186 2018: 192 2019: 198 2020: 192 2021: 187 2022: 191 2023: 178 2024: 185 2025: 185 19761986199620072017
Nights at or below freezing each complete year, last 50 years. Thirty-year average: 183.9.

Station Lewistown Airport (USW00024036), 4,125 ft elevation, 3.3 miles from the population centre. Daily records from 1896 to October 25, 2026; 99.2% of days in the last 30 years are complete. Records at a single station can differ from a city’s official threaded record, which may combine several stations.

NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily.

Federal disaster declarations

10 since 1953. The most recent: Severe Winter Storm and Flooding, July 18, 2024.

Federal disaster declarations
Jul 18, 2024Severe StormSevere Winter Storm and FloodingMajor disasterDR-4801-MT
Oct 11, 2023FloodFloodingMajor disasterDR-4745-MT
Mar 31, 2020BiologicalCovid-19 PandemicMajor disasterDR-4508-MT
Mar 13, 2020BiologicalCovid-19EmergencyEM-3476-MT
Jul 10, 2013FloodFloodingMajor disasterDR-4127-MT
Jun 17, 2011Severe StormSevere Storms and FloodingMajor disasterDR-1996-MT
Sep 13, 2005HurricaneHurricane Katrina EvacuationEmergencyEM-3253-MT
Aug 30, 2000FireWildfiresMajor disasterDR-1340-MT
Mar 15, 1986FloodHeavy Rains, Landslides & FloodingMajor disasterDR-761-MT
Jun 28, 1975FloodRains, Showmelt, Storms & FloodingMajor disasterDR-472-MT

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries, retrieved October 30, 2026. Statewide declarations are not listed.

How this compares

Where Fergus County stands among 56 counties in Montana and 3,143 in the United States.

Ranks
Tornadoes since 1950282 / 561,087 / 3,143
Tornadoes rated F3/EF3 or stronger0——
Tropical cyclones within 50 mi0——
Hurricane-strength passes within 50 mi0——
Wildfire acres since 198461,47235 / 56413 / 3,143
Flood insurance claims2717 / 561,936 / 3,143
Flood insurance paid$244,00016 / 562,060 / 3,143
Disaster declarations1027 / 562,788 / 3,143
Flood events since 19963816 / 561,798 / 3,143
Hail and wind events since 19966957 / 56188 / 3,143
Winter storm events since 199617224 / 56418 / 3,143
Reported damage since 1996$5.0 million19 / 562,392 / 3,143
River crests at major flood stage0——
High tide flooding days a year, last 10 years0.0——
Months in severe drought since 189516126 / 56717 / 3,143
Medium or heavy smoke days a year, last 10 years29.426 / 56250 / 3,143
Earthquakes M4+ within 50 mi since 1900137 / 561,397 / 3,143
Earthquakes M2.5+ in the county since 1973322 / 56583 / 3,143

Neighbouring counties

Neighbouring counties
Blaine County70237,07850
Chouteau County17032,3970
Golden Valley County0011,6040
Judith Basin County18052,9290
Musselshell County60293,10660
Petroleum County80133,6570
Phillips County150128,28339
Wheatland County707,93419

Sources and vintage

Every number on this page comes from these public records.

  • Tornadoes NOAA Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, through 2025.
  • Tropical cyclones NOAA National Hurricane Center HURDAT2 (Atlantic; Northeast and Central Pacific), through 2025.
  • Wildfire USGS/USFS Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity, through 2026.
  • Storm events NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, through 2026.
  • Flood insurance OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026.
  • Declarations OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries v2, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Weather records NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily, station USW00024036.
  • River crests NOAA National Weather Service, National Water Prediction Service river gauges, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Drought NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, through September 2026.
  • Smoke NOAA NESDIS Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Landslides USGS Landslide Inventories across the United States, version 3.0 (2025).
  • Earthquakes USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog (ComCat), retrieved October 30, 2026.

Joins, thresholds and known limits are set out in the methodology. Found an error? Report it. Page built October 30, 2026.