Comanche County
Population 122,158 (2025) 1,069 sq mi
Large wildfires have burned 246,146 acres of Comanche County since 1984, 4th most of 77 counties in Oklahoma; the largest was the Ferguson Fire in 2011.
Hazard fingerprint Each spoke is this county’s percentile among U.S. counties where that hazard occurs. How it is computed
- Tornado damage paths since 195067
- Tropical cyclone tracks within 100 miles since 1851, wider where stronger2
- Wildfire burn scars since 198451
- Major flood years since 19789
At a glance
The record for Comanche County in eight numbers. Each links to its section below.
Acres burned since 1984
246,146
4th of 77 in Oklahoma
51 large fires; the largest was Ferguson, 2011
DetailsTropical cyclones within 50 mi
1
31st of 77 in Oklahoma
None at hurricane strength since 1851
DetailsStrongest tornado
F4
May 24, 1957, 21.6 mile path
Strongest tropical cyclone
TS
Tropical storm (unnamed), 1900, 16.5 miles away
Federal disaster declarations
36
Most recent: Severe Storms, Straight-Line Winds, and Tornadoes, 2023
DetailsTornadoes
About one every 1.1 years since 1950, 2 of them rated F3/EF3 or stronger.
Strongest
May 24, 1957
F4, 21.6 mile path
880 yards wide; 4 killed along the whole path.
Most recent
Wednesday, May 1, 2024
EFU, 0.5 mile path
2 years ago.
Every recorded tornado
| May 1, 2024 | EFU | 0.5 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 27, 2024 | EFU | 0.3 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 15, 2023 | EF0 | 3.8 | 0 | 0 |
| Oct 12, 2021 | EFU | 2.6 | 0 | 0 |
| Oct 12, 2021 | EF1 | 8.4 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 21, 2020 | EF1 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 |
| May 18, 2019 | EF2 | 0.5 | 1 | 0 |
| Oct 21, 2017 | EFU | 0.2 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 29, 2016 | EF1 | 4.0 | 0 | 0 |
| May 16, 2015 | EF0 | 6.0 | 0 | 0 |
| May 16, 2015 | EF1 | 7.1 | 0 | 0 |
| May 27, 2014 | EF0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| May 7, 2014 | EF0 | 1.5 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 17, 2013 | EF0 | 3.4 | 0 | 0 |
| Nov 7, 2011 | EF0 | 13.4 | 0 | 0 |
| May 8, 2007 | EF0 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 |
| Sep 30, 2005 | F1 | 4.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 4, 2005 | F0 | 3.5 | 0 | 0 |
| Mar 17, 2003 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| May 3, 1999 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| May 3, 1999 | F0 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 |
| Oct 4, 1998 | F0 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 |
| May 25, 1997 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Jul 23, 1995 | F0 | 0.4 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 16, 1995 | F1 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 23, 1992 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Feb 14, 1987 | F2 | 3.5 | 1 | 0 |
| Oct 19, 1983 | F2 | 2.6 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 13, 1983 | F1 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| May 13, 1983 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| May 20, 1982 | F1 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 |
| May 20, 1982 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| May 16, 1982 | F0 | 4.0 | 0 | 0 |
| May 5, 1982 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Sep 8, 1980 | F1 | 2.5 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 8, 1979 | F1 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 10, 1979 | F3 | 4.5 | 100 | 3 |
| Apr 10, 1979 | F1 | 7.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 10, 1979 | F2 | 74.1 | 3 | 1 |
| Sep 5, 1978 | F0 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 5, 1978 | F2 | 11.5 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 2, 1973 | F2 | 3.6 | 2 | 0 |
| May 24, 1973 | F0 | 0.4 | 0 | 0 |
| Mar 13, 1973 | F2 | 0.1 | 5 | 0 |
| Feb 18, 1971 | F1 | 0.2 | 1 | 0 |
| Jun 15, 1968 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| May 29, 1968 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| May 2, 1968 | F1 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Aug 6, 1965 | F2 | 0.7 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 23, 1964 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| May 24, 1962 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| May 20, 1962 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 7, 1961 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| May 4, 1960 | F1 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| May 4, 1960 | F1 | 0.1 | 3 | 0 |
| May 19, 1959 | F1 | 22.7 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 2, 1958 | F1 | 15.4 | 1 | 0 |
| May 24, 1957 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| May 24, 1957 | F4 | 21.6 | 5 | 4 |
| May 22, 1957 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 29, 1954 | F1 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Mar 29, 1953 | F1 | 1.0 | 0 | 0 |
| May 23, 1952 | F2 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| May 23, 1952 | F2 | 0.3 | 1 | 0 |
| May 18, 1951 | F1 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| May 18, 1951 | F1 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| May 18, 1951 | F1 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
- Injuries and deaths are for the tornado’s whole path, which may extend beyond the county. Deaths recorded within Comanche County: 3.
- Weak tornadoes were under-recorded before Doppler radar coverage became national in the early 1990s, so earlier decades read low. Ratings use the Fujita scale before February 2007 and the Enhanced Fujita scale after.
Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, 1950 to 2025.
Hurricanes and tropical storms
1 passed within 50 miles since 1851; none at hurricane strength.
Strongest within 50 miles
September 10, 1900
Unnamed storm, Tropical storm
16.5 miles at closest approach, winds near 46 mph.
Most recent
August 19, 2007
Erin, Remnant low
40.3 miles at closest approach.
Every storm within 100 miles
- Tropical storms and hurricanes (34 kt or more, still tropical) at closest approach. Post-tropical remnants with gale-force winds are listed but not counted. Direct: track within 50 miles; near: within 100 miles. Distance is measured to the county boundary for counties and to the city centre for cities, using positions interpolated hourly between HURDAT2 fixes.
National Hurricane Center HURDAT2, 1851 to 2025.
Wildfire and smoke
246,146 acres burned in 51 large fires since 1984, equal to 36% of the land.
Largest
September 1, 2011
Ferguson Fire, 41,395 acres
41,429 acres inside Comanche County.
Most recent
October 24, 2024
Rush Fire
12,224 acres in total.
Every large fire
| Rush | 2024 | 12,230 | 12,224 |
| 115 / Meers | 2022 | 6,139 | 6,134 |
| Coombs Fire | 2021 | 1,501 | 1,498 |
| Winter Valley | 2018 | 3,958 | 3,955 |
| Crater Creek | 2015 | 7,378 | 7,374 |
| Townley Road | 2012 | 17,167 | 24,125 |
| Ferguson | 2011 | 41,429 | 41,395 |
| Ft Sill Fire | 2011 | 4,507 | 4,503 |
| Medicine Park | 2011 | 2,744 | 2,750 |
| Cache Assist | 2011 | 2,314 | 2,311 |
| Indiahoma Wye | 2011 | 3,145 | 3,141 |
| North Mountain | 2010 | 1,840 | 1,839 |
| Unnamed | 2008 | 2,361 | 2,361 |
| Unnamed | 2008 | 3,604 | 3,601 |
| Unnamed | 2008 | 10,391 | 10,394 |
| Deyo36 | 2008 | 1,399 | 1,399 |
| 4 Mile Road | 2008 | 2,456 | 2,607 |
| Flowermound | 2008 | 1,595 | 1,596 |
| Fort-Sill M1N1 | 2006 | 1,098 | 1,099 |
| Pinchot Loop | 2005 | 4,762 | 4,757 |
| Kimball Ranch | 2005 | 465 | 4,104 |
| Ftsill9/7 | 2004 | 1,578 | 1,576 |
| Tarbone Complex | 2004 | 5,932 | 5,930 |
| Elk Mountain | 2004 | 1,853 | 1,851 |
| Unnamed | 2004 | 1,986 | 1,985 |
| Roosevelt | 2003 | 2,497 | 2,499 |
| Unnamed | 2000 | 7,961 | 7,955 |
| Craterlk-L | 2000 | 8,876 | 8,870 |
| Unnamed | 2000 | 2,213 | 2,210 |
| Marcy Rx | 1999 | 3,402 | 3,401 |
| Unnamed | 1999 | 1,542 | 1,528 |
| Black Bear Rx | 1999 | 2,669 | 2,668 |
| Cedar Mountain Rx | 1998 | 1,068 | 1,069 |
| Unnamed | 1998 | 1,773 | 1,770 |
| Unnamed | 1998 | 4,053 | 4,050 |
| Unnamed | 1998 | 1,657 | 1,657 |
| Jedjohnson | 1998 | 1,937 | 1,935 |
| Comanche Rx | 1997 | 4,745 | 4,743 |
| Elk Mountain Rx | 1997 | 1,399 | 1,400 |
| Westside | 1996 | 15,749 | 16,704 |
| Central-P | 1994 | 4,006 | 4,007 |
| Sunset | 1994 | 2,230 | 2,228 |
| Crater Creek | 1993 | 8,963 | 8,958 |
| Dog Run | 1993 | 2,438 | 2,437 |
| Turkey Creek | 1993 | 1,732 | 1,732 |
| Rush Lake | 1992 | 2,113 | 2,109 |
| Blackbear | 1991 | 2,609 | 2,609 |
| Burma | 1991 | 2,157 | 2,155 |
| Unnamed | 1991 | 4,555 | 4,551 |
| Marcy | 1988 | 4,240 | 4,242 |
| Unnamed | 1988 | 5,708 | 5,700 |
- Large fires mapped by the Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity program since 1984: 1,000 acres or more in the West, 500 or more in the East. Prescribed burns are excluded. Acres here are the part of each perimeter inside this place.
Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity (USGS and U.S. Forest Service), 1984 to 2026.
Smoke overhead
Smokiest year
2021: 33 days
Heavy smoke on 8 days in 2021, the most of any year.
Last 10 years
14.3 days a year
Medium or heavy smoke, 2016 to 2025.
2025
4 days
Medium or heavy smoke. 20 so far in 2026.
- A smoke day is a date on which a smoke plume traced by NOAA Hazard Mapping System analysts from satellite imagery covered this place's point (the county's population centre or the city centre). Counts here are of medium or heavy smoke. Since 2018 analysts have often drawn light smoke as one area over most of the continent, so light-smoke counts are not comparable from year to year. The plumes show smoke anywhere in the air above, not air quality at the ground, and smoke hidden by cloud is missed.
NOAA Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, 2011 to 2026, retrieved October 30, 2026.
Floods and flood insurance
835 federal flood insurance claims since 1978, with $23.4 million paid.
Most claims in one year
2016: 136 claims
$6.9 million paid.
2nd most
2015: 130 claims
$8.1 million paid.
3rd most
2007: 91 claims
$2.0 million paid.
Claims by ZIP code
| 73505 | 317 | $3.2 million |
| 73507 | 213 | $9.2 million |
| 73501 | 151 | $3.2 million |
| 73527 | 89 | $4.5 million |
| 73552 | 30 | $1.6 million |
| 73538 | 24 | $1.5 million |
Flood events since 1996
- Flash Flood87
- Flood14
- Heavy Rain1
4 deaths recorded in flood events since 1996.
This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).
OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026. NOAA Storm Events through 2026.
Drought
In severe drought or worse for 168 of 1,581 months since 1895 (11%); the longest spell lasted 17 months.
168
Months in severe drought or worse since 1895
71
Months in extreme drought
11%
Share of all months, severe or worse
116
Drought reports to the Weather Service since 1996
Lowest reading
August 2011
−7.06, extreme drought
Longest severe spell
17 months
July 1910 to November 1911.
Latest month
September 2026
−5.67, extreme drought
- The Palmer Drought Severity Index is computed by NOAA each month from the county's average temperature and precipitation, relative to the county's own climate. Zero is normal; -3 or lower is severe drought and -4 or lower extreme drought. It describes the long-term balance of moisture, not water supply or crop losses.
NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, 1895 to September 2026, issued October 6, 2026.
Earthquakes
3 earthquakes of magnitude 4 or more within 50 miles since 1900; the largest was magnitude 4.4 in 2010.
4
Magnitude 2.5+ inside the county since 1973
66
Magnitude 3+ within 50 miles since 1973
3
Magnitude 4+ within 50 miles since 1900
0
Magnitude 5+ within 50 miles since 1900
Largest within 50 miles
October 13, 2010
Magnitude 4.4
8 km NE of Noble, Oklahoma; 49.4 miles away, 8.1 miles deep.
Most recent, magnitude 3 or more
September 4, 2026
Magnitude 3.3
2 km SSW of Dibble, Oklahoma; 27.9 miles away.
Every earthquake of magnitude 4 or more within 50 miles
| Oct 13, 2010 | 4.4 | 49.4 |
| Jan 18, 1995 | 4.2 | 28.6 |
| Jun 17, 1959 | 4.2 | 3.5 |
- Earthquakes of magnitude 2.5 or more in the USGS Comprehensive Catalog since 1900. Within 50 miles means the epicentre lies within 50 miles of the county boundary (or inside the county).
- Small earthquakes were under-recorded before the modern seismic networks of the 1970s and are still missed in remote areas, so early decades read low. Magnitudes are as the catalogue reports them and mix scales (moment, local and body-wave).
USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog, 1900 to present, retrieved October 30, 2026.
Severe weather and other events
1,748 events in the National Weather Service record, 1,321 of them since 1996.
530
Hail reports, 1 inch or larger
78
Hail, 2 inches or larger
364
Damaging gusts, 58 mph+
58
Winter weather events since 1996
41
Heat events since 1996
12
Cold events since 1996
Largest hail
June 20, 1969
4.00 inches
Strongest measured or estimated gust
June 15, 2023
104 mph
More event types since 1996
| Lightning | 6 | 0 |
| Dust storms and dust devils | 2 | 0 |
| Dense fog and smoke | 7 | 0 |
Costliest events since 1996
- May 27, 2001Thunderstorm Wind$11.0 million
National Weather Service narrative
Wind damage to buildings, homes, trees, and infrastructure was reported city-wide. A telephone pole fell on and killed a passenger riding on a motorcycle.
- May 27, 2001Thunderstorm Wind$10.0 million
National Weather Service narrative
Damage to buildings, homes, trees, and infrastructure was reported city-wide.
- May 31, 1999Thunderstorm Wind$5.0 million
National Weather Service narrative
Severe thunderstorms affected much of western Oklahoma and portions of central Oklahoma during the afternoon and evening of May 31st, and the early morning of June 1st. Although 7 tornadoes were confirmed across western Oklahoma, all on the 31st, only 2 of them caused damage. The most extensive damage during this severe weather outbreak was caused by straight-line winds and occurred across southern Kiowa and western Comanche Counties during the evening of the 31st. A very large swath of damaging straight-line winds developed on the west side of Tom Steed Lake in southern Kiowa County and expanded in coverage as it moved through all of southern Kiowa County, at times 10 to 15 miles…
- May 23, 2015Flash Flood$800,000
National Weather Service narrative
Flood waters up to roofs of homes in the Rock Creek subdivision.
- Dec 10, 2021Wildfire, Comanche$500,000
National Weather Service narrative
Named the Coombs fire, this fire burned roughly 1464 acres and destroyed at least 19 strucures, including 5 homes and 14 barns. Nine vehicles were also reported destroyed.
- Dec 27, 2015Ice Storm, Comanche$488,000
National Weather Service narrative
Damage estimates reported by local power companies.
- May 23, 2015Flash Flood$300,000
National Weather Service narrative
Homes flooding with vehicles floating away from residences.
- Aug 27, 2002Thunderstorm Wind$250,000
National Weather Service narrative
The roof was damaged at Hugh Bish Elementary School.
- Jun 11, 2026Thunderstorm Wind$250,000
National Weather Service narrative
At least nine homes sustained varying degrees of thunderstorm wind damage near the intersection of Goodin Road and Trail Road. At least two lost significant portions of their roof decking. Additionally, several outbuildings and barns were severely damaged, experiencing roof and/or wall loss. A small broadcast tower also collapsed in this area. The event time is estimated based on radar observations.
- Apr 26, 2025Flash Flood$250,000
National Weather Service narrative
Numerous relayed images and videos showing extensive flash flooding in and around the community of Lawton. Multiple water rescues were performed, and multiple vehicles were stranded in floodwaters. A man drowned when his vehicle became submerged in floodwaters near the intersection of 2nd Street and F Avenue. Event time is approximate.
- Storm Events records before 1996 cover only tornadoes, thunderstorm wind and hail. Damage figures are as reported by the National Weather Service at the time, not adjusted for inflation.
NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, 1950 to 2026, issued October 26, 2026.
Weather records
From Lawton Municipal Airport, 5.2 miles from the county’s population centre, with records from 1996.
- All-time high
- 114°FJul 19, 2022
- All-time low
- −12°FFeb 16, 2021
- Warmest night
- 86°FMay 28, 2011
- Coldest day
- 10°FFeb 15, 2021
- Wettest day
- 5.50 inApr 26, 2025
- Hottest year
- 2024mean 65.5°F
- Coldest year
- 1997mean 60.4°F
- Wettest year
- 201742.22 in
- Driest year
- 200314.25 in
Station Lawton Municipal Airport (USW00003950), 1,070 ft elevation, 5.2 miles from the population centre. Daily records from 1996 to October 26, 2026; 99.3% of days in the last 30 years are complete. Records at a single station can differ from a city’s official threaded record, which may combine several stations.
NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily.
Federal disaster declarations
36 since 1953. The most recent: Severe Storms, Straight-Line Winds, and Tornadoes, July 19, 2023.
| Jul 19, 2023 | Severe Storm | DR-4721-OK |
| Feb 24, 2021 | Severe Ice Storm | DR-4587-OK |
| Feb 17, 2021 | Severe Ice Storm | EM-3555-OK |
| Dec 21, 2020 | Severe Ice Storm | DR-4575-OK |
| Apr 5, 2020 | Biological | DR-4530-OK |
| Mar 13, 2020 | Biological | EM-3462-OK |
| Jul 15, 2016 | Flood | DR-4274-OK |
| Feb 10, 2016 | Severe Storm | DR-4256-OK |
| May 26, 2015 | Severe Storm | DR-4222-OK |
| Sep 3, 2011 | Fire | FM-2956-OK |
| Jun 24, 2011 | Fire | FM-2932-OK |
| Apr 15, 2011 | Fire | FM-2890-OK |
| Feb 2, 2011 | Severe Storm | EM-3316-OK |
| Mar 5, 2010 | Severe Ice Storm | DR-1883-OK |
| Feb 25, 2010 | Severe Storm | DR-1876-OK |
| Jan 30, 2010 | Severe Storm | EM-3308-OK |
| Feb 17, 2009 | Severe Storm | DR-1823-OK |
| Dec 10, 2007 | Severe Ice Storm | EM-3280-OK |
| Aug 31, 2007 | Severe Storm | DR-1723-OK |
| Aug 24, 2007 | Severe Storm | DR-1718-OK |
| Jul 7, 2007 | Severe Storm | DR-1712-OK |
| Jun 7, 2007 | Severe Storm | DR-1707-OK |
| Feb 1, 2007 | Severe Storm | DR-1678-OK |
| Jan 14, 2007 | Severe Ice Storm | EM-3272-OK |
| Jan 10, 2006 | Fire | DR-1623-OK |
| Sep 5, 2005 | Hurricane | EM-3219-OK |
| Jul 22, 2003 | Fire | FM-2482-OK |
| Feb 1, 2002 | Severe Ice Storm | DR-1401-OK |
| Jun 29, 2001 | Severe Storm | DR-1384-OK |
| Jan 5, 2001 | Severe Ice Storm | DR-1355-OK |
| Nov 27, 2000 | Severe Storm | DR-1349-OK |
| Jul 9, 1987 | Flood | DR-794-OK |
| Oct 14, 1986 | Flood | DR-778-OK |
| Oct 26, 1983 | Flood | DR-693-OK |
| Apr 13, 1979 | Tornado | DR-576-OK |
| Jun 13, 1973 | Severe Storm | DR-392-OK |
This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).
OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries, retrieved October 30, 2026. Statewide declarations are not listed.
How this compares
Where Comanche County stands among 77 counties in Oklahoma and 3,143 in the United States.
| Tornadoes since 1950 | 67 | 33 / 77 |
| Tornadoes rated F3/EF3 or stronger | 2 | 64 / 77 |
| Tropical cyclones within 50 mi | 1 | 31 / 77 |
| Hurricane-strength passes within 50 mi | 0 | — |
| Wildfire acres since 1984 | 246,146 | 4 / 77 |
| Flood insurance claims | 835 | 4 / 77 |
| Flood insurance paid | $23.4 million | 4 / 77 |
| Disaster declarations | 36 | 18 / 77 |
| Flood events since 1996 | 102 | 9 / 77 |
| Hail and wind events since 1996 | 954 | 5 / 77 |
| Winter storm events since 1996 | 58 | 25 / 77 |
| Reported damage since 1996 | $32.4 million | 31 / 77 |
| River crests at major flood stage | 0 | — |
| High tide flooding days a year, last 10 years | 0.0 | — |
| Months in severe drought since 1895 | 168 | 12 / 77 |
| Medium or heavy smoke days a year, last 10 years | 14.3 | 70 / 77 |
| Earthquakes M4+ within 50 mi since 1900 | 3 | 41 / 77 |
| Earthquakes M2.5+ in the county since 1973 | 4 | 36 / 77 |
Neighbouring counties
| Caddo County | 132 | 1 |
| Cotton County | 45 | 1 |
| Grady County | 95 | 2 |
| Kiowa County | 95 | 1 |
| Stephens County | 73 | 2 |
| Tillman County | 91 | 1 |
Sources and vintage
Every number on this page comes from these public records.
- Tornadoes NOAA Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, through 2025.
- Tropical cyclones NOAA National Hurricane Center HURDAT2 (Atlantic; Northeast and Central Pacific), through 2025.
- Wildfire USGS/USFS Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity, through 2026.
- Storm events NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, through 2026.
- Flood insurance OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026.
- Declarations OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries v2, retrieved October 30, 2026.
- Weather records NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily, station USW00003950.
- River crests NOAA National Weather Service, National Water Prediction Service river gauges, retrieved October 30, 2026.
- Drought NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, through September 2026.
- Smoke NOAA NESDIS Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, retrieved October 30, 2026.
- Earthquakes USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog (ComCat), retrieved October 30, 2026.
Joins, thresholds and known limits are set out in the methodology. Found an error? Report it. Page built October 30, 2026.