Stanley County
Population 3,018 (2025) 1,444 sq mi
Large wildfires have burned 18,783 acres of Stanley County since 1984, 14th most of 66 counties in South Dakota; the largest was the Houck Ranch Fire in 2000.
Hazard fingerprint Each spoke is this county’s percentile among U.S. counties where that hazard occurs. How it is computed
- Tornado damage paths since 195023
- Wildfire burn scars since 19845
- Major flood years since 19781
At a glance
The record for Stanley County in eight numbers. Each links to its section below.
Acres burned since 1984
18,783
14th of 66 in South Dakota
5 large fires; the largest was Houck Ranch, 2000
DetailsTornadoes since 1950
23
43rd of 66 in South Dakota
Fewer than the typical South Dakota county, which has had 29
DetailsStrongest tornado
F2
August 24, 1960, 13.6 mile path
Federal disaster declarations
15
Most recent: Severe Storms, Straight-Line Winds, Tornadoes, and Flooding, 2026
DetailsSnowiest season
82.0in
Winter of 1951-52
Tornadoes
About one every 3.3 years since 1950, none rated F3/EF3 or stronger.
Strongest
August 24, 1960
F2, 13.6 mile path
200 yards wide.
Most recent
Tuesday, July 18, 2023
EF0, 0.1 mile path
3 years ago.
Every recorded tornado
| Jul 18, 2023 | EF0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 15, 2009 | EF0 | 0.7 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 15, 2009 | EF0 | 0.4 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 15, 2009 | EF0 | 1.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 10, 2004 | F1 | 1.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Jul 6, 1994 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 7, 1994 | F0 | 10.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Sep 24, 1986 | F1 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Jul 21, 1982 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Jul 20, 1982 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Sep 25, 1981 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| May 7, 1975 | F1 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| May 19, 1974 | F2 | 5.6 | 0 | 0 |
| Aug 14, 1973 | F1 | 1.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Jul 8, 1973 | F0 | 0.9 | 0 | 0 |
| Aug 8, 1969 | F1 | 0.1 | 3 | 0 |
| Jun 20, 1968 | F2 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| May 8, 1965 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 8, 1964 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 8, 1964 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| May 2, 1964 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 20, 1962 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Aug 24, 1960 | F2 | 13.6 | 1 | 0 |
- Injuries and deaths are for the tornado’s whole path, which may extend beyond the county. Deaths recorded within Stanley County: 0.
- Weak tornadoes were under-recorded before Doppler radar coverage became national in the early 1990s, so earlier decades read low. Ratings use the Fujita scale before February 2007 and the Enhanced Fujita scale after.
Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, 1950 to 2025.
Hurricanes and tropical storms
No tropical storm or hurricane has tracked within 100 miles since records began in 1851.
Wildfire and smoke
18,783 acres burned in 5 large fires since 1984, equal to 2.0% of the land.
Largest
September 17, 2000
Houck Ranch Fire, 8,743 acres
8,746 acres inside Stanley County.
Most recent
July 16, 2006
Thompson Complex
3,229 acres in total.
Every large fire
| Thompson Complex | 2006 | 3,229 | 3,229 |
| Ft Pierre Complex | 2006 | 1,812 | 1,810 |
| Van Metre | 2001 | 368 | 1,336 |
| Houck Ranch | 2000 | 8,746 | 8,743 |
| Hayes | 2000 | 4,627 | 4,626 |
- Large fires mapped by the Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity program since 1984: 1,000 acres or more in the West, 500 or more in the East. Prescribed burns are excluded. Acres here are the part of each perimeter inside this place.
Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity (USGS and U.S. Forest Service), 1984 to 2026.
Smoke overhead
Smokiest year
2021: 61 days
Heavy smoke on 36 days in 2021, the most of any year.
Last 10 years
30.8 days a year
Medium or heavy smoke, 2016 to 2025.
2025
23 days
Medium or heavy smoke. 38 so far in 2026.
- A smoke day is a date on which a smoke plume traced by NOAA Hazard Mapping System analysts from satellite imagery covered this place's point (the county's population centre or the city centre). Counts here are of medium or heavy smoke. Since 2018 analysts have often drawn light smoke as one area over most of the continent, so light-smoke counts are not comparable from year to year. The plumes show smoke anywhere in the air above, not air quality at the ground, and smoke hidden by cloud is missed.
NOAA Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, 2011 to 2026, retrieved October 30, 2026.
Floods and flood insurance
117 federal flood insurance claims since 1982, with $2.6 million paid.
Most claims in one year
2011: 103 claims
$2.5 million paid.
2nd most
1997: 8 claims
$7,466 paid.
Claims by ZIP code
| 57532 | 117 | $2.6 million |
Flood events since 1996
- Flood25
- Flash Flood10
This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).
OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026. NOAA Storm Events through 2026.
River crests
Most severe crest
July 3, 1905
Bad River (SD) near Fort Pierre, 32.90 ft
11.90 feet above the 21.0 ft flood stage; major flooding by today’s categories.
Most recent moderate or major crest
June 21, 2011
Bad River (SD) near Fort Pierre, 27.53 ft
Major flooding.
River gauges
| Bad River (SD) near Fort Pierre | 21.0 | 32.90 ft | 8 |
- Crests are the highest and the recent crests the National Weather Service lists for each river gauge in the county that has a flood stage, not every flood. Flood categories use each gauge's current flood stages; crests from before levees, dams or channel changes may not be comparable. Crests measured on an old datum are left out of the rankings.
NOAA National Water Prediction Service gauge records, retrieved October 30, 2026.
Drought
In severe drought or worse for 122 of 1,581 months since 1895 (8%); the longest spell lasted 13 months.
122
Months in severe drought or worse since 1895
43
Months in extreme drought
8%
Share of all months, severe or worse
49
Drought reports to the Weather Service since 1996
Lowest reading
September 1936
−6.99, extreme drought
Longest severe spell
13 months
May 1936 to May 1937.
Latest month
September 2026
−0.72, incipient dry spell
Last severe month: July 2021.
- The Palmer Drought Severity Index is computed by NOAA each month from the county's average temperature and precipitation, relative to the county's own climate. Zero is normal; -3 or lower is severe drought and -4 or lower extreme drought. It describes the long-term balance of moisture, not water supply or crop losses.
NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, 1895 to September 2026, issued October 6, 2026.
Earthquakes and landslides
2 earthquakes of magnitude 4 or more within 50 miles since 1900; the largest was magnitude 4.4 in 1983.
1
Magnitude 2.5+ inside the county since 1973
6
Magnitude 3+ within 50 miles since 1973
2
Magnitude 4+ within 50 miles since 1900
0
Magnitude 5+ within 50 miles since 1900
Largest within 50 miles
March 4, 1983
Magnitude 4.4
16 km N of Fort Thompson, South Dakota; 24.0 miles away, 3.1 miles deep.
Most recent, magnitude 3 or more
May 30, 2024
Magnitude 3.7
38 km NNW of Pierre, South Dakota; 3.4 miles away.
Every earthquake of magnitude 4 or more within 50 miles
| Mar 4, 1983 | 4.4 | 24.0 |
| Dec 31, 1961 | 4.2 | Inside |
- Earthquakes of magnitude 2.5 or more in the USGS Comprehensive Catalog since 1900. Within 50 miles means the epicentre lies within 50 miles of the county boundary (or inside the county).
- Small earthquakes were under-recorded before the modern seismic networks of the 1970s and are still missed in remote areas, so early decades read low. Magnitudes are as the catalogue reports them and mix scales (moment, local and body-wave).
USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog, 1900 to present, retrieved October 30, 2026.
Mapped landslides
1
Landslides mapped, probable or better
0
With a recorded date
1
Source inventory
Mapped by USGS Conterminous (1).
- Landslides mapped in the USGS compilation of landslide inventories across the United States (version 3.0, 2025), rated probable or better. The compilation joins inventories made by federal and state agencies for different purposes and areas, so the number mapped in a county reflects how closely it has been surveyed as much as how often its slopes fail. An area with few records may simply not have been mapped. Deaths are as recorded in the inventories; a slide listed in two inventories is counted once.
USGS Landslide Inventories across the United States, version 3.0, retrieved October 27, 2026.
Severe weather and other events
716 events in the National Weather Service record, 645 of them since 1996.
136
Hail reports, 1 inch or larger
24
Hail, 2 inches or larger
197
Damaging gusts, 58 mph+
93
Winter weather events since 1996
13
Heat events since 1996
22
Cold events since 1996
Largest hail
July 10, 1987
2.75 inches
Strongest measured or estimated gust
June 22, 2015
122 mph
Costliest events since 1996
- Dec 25, 2016Ice Storm, Stanley$144,000
National Weather Service narrative
An intense surface low pressure area moved from northeast Colorado to South Dakota from the 24th through the 26th. This storm was unusually warm for the region for late December and produced record breaking heavy rain along with flooding in some cases. Significant icing occurred across areas at or just below the freezing point, which resulted in widespread tree and power pole and line damage to the area. Some downed branches and trees fell onto homes across the region. This storm also brought high winds along with snow and blizzard conditions to the region. This significant storm resulted in massive power outages, stranded motorists and closed roads. ||Ice accumulations were…
- Jun 2, 2008Flash Flood$30,000
National Weather Service narrative
Very heavy rains of 2 to 4 inches fell across much of Stanley county causing extensive flash flooding. Many dams were broken along with tens of fences crossing creeks in the county. Seventeen roads also sustained some form of damage from the flooding.
- Sep 2, 1999Flash Flood$20,000
National Weather Service narrative
Very heavy rains from thunderstorms repeatedly going over the same area resulted in extensive flash flooding in a 30 to 40 mile wide band from Fort Pierre in southeast Stanley County to Hecla in northeast Brown County. Rainfall amounts in this corridor ranged from 3 to 7 inches. As a result, the communities of Blunt in Hughes County and Onida in Sully county were severely flooded. Most of the homes and businesses were flooded throughout Blunt and Onida causing severe damage. Only a few homes in these communities were spared from receiving water in there basements. Most homes also experienced sewer backup. The sewer systems in both Onida and Blunt were flooded and shutdown. Many…
- Storm Events records before 1996 cover only tornadoes, thunderstorm wind and hail. Damage figures are as reported by the National Weather Service at the time, not adjusted for inflation.
NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, 1950 to 2026, issued October 26, 2026.
Weather records
From Pierre Regional Airport, 8 miles from the county’s population centre, with records from 1933.
- All-time high
- 117°FJul 15, 2006
- All-time low
- −35°FFeb 9, 1994
- Warmest night
- 85°F2 times, most recently Jul 24, 1936
- Coldest day
- −18°FDec 21, 1989
- Wettest day
- 4.00 inJul 25, 1984
- Snowiest day
- 18.0 inMar 27, 1975
- Hottest year
- 1934mean 52.3°F
- Coldest year
- 1950mean 42.1°F
- Wettest year
- 199731.85 in
- Driest year
- 19767.12 in
- Snowiest season
- 82.0 in1951-52
Median first snow
November 9
Earliest: October 1, 1999
Median last snow
April 6
Latest: May 11, 1966
0 of 76 winters had no measurable snow.
Station Pierre Regional Airport (USW00024025), 1,719 ft elevation, 8.0 miles from the population centre. Daily records from 1933 to October 26, 2026; 99.8% of days in the last 30 years are complete. Records at a single station can differ from a city’s official threaded record, which may combine several stations.
NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily.
Federal disaster declarations
15 since 1953. The most recent: Severe Storms, Straight-Line Winds, Tornadoes, and Flooding, September 1, 2026.
| Sep 1, 2026 | Severe Storm | DR-4938-SD |
| Feb 27, 2023 | Winter Storm | DR-4689-SD |
| Apr 5, 2020 | Biological | DR-4527-SD |
| Mar 13, 2020 | Biological | EM-3475-SD |
| Feb 1, 2017 | Severe Storm | DR-4298-SD |
| Jul 30, 2015 | Severe Storm | DR-4233-SD |
| May 13, 2011 | Flood | DR-1984-SD |
| Jul 9, 2008 | Severe Storm | DR-1774-SD |
| Sep 10, 2005 | Coastal Storm | EM-3234-SD |
| Jul 22, 2005 | Severe Storm | DR-1596-SD |
| Apr 7, 1997 | Flood | DR-1173-SD |
| Jan 10, 1997 | Severe Storm | DR-1156-SD |
| May 26, 1995 | Flood | DR-1052-SD |
| Mar 14, 1995 | Snowstorm | DR-1045-SD |
| Jun 17, 1976 | Drought | EM-3015-SD |
This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).
OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries, retrieved October 30, 2026. Statewide declarations are not listed.
How this compares
Where Stanley County stands among 66 counties in South Dakota and 3,143 in the United States.
| Tornadoes since 1950 | 23 | 43 / 66 |
| Tornadoes rated F3/EF3 or stronger | 0 | — |
| Tropical cyclones within 50 mi | 0 | — |
| Hurricane-strength passes within 50 mi | 0 | — |
| Wildfire acres since 1984 | 18,783 | 14 / 66 |
| Flood insurance claims | 117 | 10 / 66 |
| Flood insurance paid | $2.6 million | 8 / 66 |
| Disaster declarations | 15 | 56 / 66 |
| Flood events since 1996 | 35 | 31 / 66 |
| Hail and wind events since 1996 | 426 | 25 / 66 |
| Winter storm events since 1996 | 93 | 61 / 66 |
| Reported damage since 1996 | $194,000 | 59 / 66 |
| River crests at major flood stage | 8 | 13 / 66 |
| High tide flooding days a year, last 10 years | 0.0 | — |
| Months in severe drought since 1895 | 122 | 45 / 66 |
| Medium or heavy smoke days a year, last 10 years | 30.8 | 29 / 66 |
| Earthquakes M4+ within 50 mi since 1900 | 2 | 23 / 66 |
| Earthquakes M2.5+ in the county since 1973 | 1 | 14 / 66 |
Neighbouring counties
| Dewey County | 28 | 0 |
| Haakon County | 30 | 0 |
| Hughes County | 17 | 0 |
| Jones County | 8 | 0 |
| Lyman County | 43 | 0 |
| Sully County | 22 | 0 |
| Ziebach County | 24 | 0 |
Sources and vintage
Every number on this page comes from these public records.
- Tornadoes NOAA Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, through 2025.
- Tropical cyclones NOAA National Hurricane Center HURDAT2 (Atlantic; Northeast and Central Pacific), through 2025.
- Wildfire USGS/USFS Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity, through 2026.
- Storm events NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, through 2026.
- Flood insurance OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026.
- Declarations OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries v2, retrieved October 30, 2026.
- Weather records NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily, station USW00024025.
- River crests NOAA National Weather Service, National Water Prediction Service river gauges, retrieved October 30, 2026.
- Drought NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, through September 2026.
- Smoke NOAA NESDIS Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, retrieved October 30, 2026.
- Landslides USGS Landslide Inventories across the United States, version 3.0 (2025).
- Earthquakes USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog (ComCat), retrieved October 30, 2026.
Joins, thresholds and known limits are set out in the methodology. Found an error? Report it. Page built October 30, 2026.