Concho County

Population 3,607 (2025) 984 sq mi

Concho County has recorded 29 tornadoes since 1950, 150th most of 254 counties in Texas; the most recent was on May 2, 2024.

Hazard fingerprint for Concho County Tornado: 38th percentile. Tropical: 7th percentile. Wildfire: 32th percentile. Flood: 9th percentile. Hail & wind: 17th percentile. Heat: 0th percentile. Cold: 34th percentile. Winter: 24th percentile. TORTROPFIREFLOODSEVEREHEATCOLDWINTER

Hazard fingerprint Each spoke is this county’s percentile among U.S. counties where that hazard occurs. How it is computed

2026
  • Tornado damage paths since 195029
  • Tropical cyclone tracks within 100 miles since 1851, wider where stronger4
  • Wildfire burn scars since 19842

At a glance

The record for Concho County in eight numbers. Each links to its section below.

Tornadoes since 1950

29

150th of 254 in Texas

About as many as the typical Texas county

Details

Acres burned since 1984

5,128

149th of 254 in Texas

2 large fires; the largest was Unnamed, 1996

Details

Flood insurance claims

1

200th of 254 in Texas

$26,000 paid since 2013

Details

Tropical cyclones within 50 mi

3

128th of 254 in Texas

None at hurricane strength since 1851

Details

Strongest tornado

EF2

May 2, 2024, 6.1 mile path

Strongest tropical cyclone

TS

Tropical storm (unnamed), 1886, 0.0 miles away

Federal disaster declarations

15

Most recent: Severe Storms, Straight-Line Winds, and Flooding, 2025

Details

Record high

114°F

Reached 2 times, most recently June 21, 2023

Details

Tornadoes

About one every 2.6 years since 1950, none rated F3/EF3 or stronger.

Strongest

May 2, 2024

EF2, 6.1 mile path

395 yards wide.

Most recent

Thursday, May 2, 2024

EF2, 6.1 mile path

2 years ago.

Tornadoes by decade Doppler radar era² 1950s: 0 1960s: 1 1 1970s: 2 2 1980s: 10 10 1990s: 8 8 2000s: 4 4 2010s: 3 3 2020s: 1 1 1950s1960s1970s1980s1990s2000s2010s2020s
Recorded tornadoes per decade. The 2020s are incomplete.
Tornadoes by month J: 0 F: 0 M: 0 A: 3 M: 17 17 J: 1 J: 1 A: 0 S: 7 O: 0 N: 0 D: 0 JFMAMJJASOND
By month of occurrence, all years.

Every recorded tornado

Tornadoes in Concho County since 1950
May 2, 2024EF26.139500
Jun 24, 2019EFU0.125000
May 30, 2012EF00.12500
May 30, 2012EF00.12500
May 4, 2006F00.32000
May 4, 2002F02.05000
May 4, 2002F02.07500
May 4, 2002F01.05000
May 26, 1998F00.13000
May 10, 1996F00.18000
May 31, 1995F00.11000
May 31, 1995F00.11000
May 28, 1995F00.23000
May 14, 1995F00.23000
May 14, 1995F00.23000
May 7, 1995F00.22000
May 15, 1989F12.010000
May 14, 1989F10.515000
Sep 17, 1988F01.04000
Sep 17, 1988F01.54000
Sep 17, 1988F02.05000
Sep 17, 1988F01.03000
Sep 17, 1988F00.53000
Sep 17, 1988F03.58000
Jul 11, 1986F00.21000
Apr 20, 1981F00.11000
Apr 9, 1978F00.11000
Sep 10, 1977F10.11000
Apr 26, 1960F11.31300
  1. Injuries and deaths are for the tornado’s whole path, which may extend beyond the county. Deaths recorded within Concho County: 0.
  2. Weak tornadoes were under-recorded before Doppler radar coverage became national in the early 1990s, so earlier decades read low. Ratings use the Fujita scale before February 2007 and the Enhanced Fujita scale after.

Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, 1950 to 2025.

Hurricanes and tropical storms

3 passed within 50 miles since 1851; none at hurricane strength.

Strongest within 50 miles

August 21, 1886

Unnamed storm, Tropical storm

0.0 miles at closest approach, winds near 55 mph.

Most recent

August 31, 1942

Unnamed storm, Tropical storm

47.7 miles at closest approach.

Every storm within 100 miles

Tropical cyclones within 100 miles
Unnamed194247.7Tropical storm49Category 3
Unnamed192987.3Tropical storm59Category 1
Unnamed18860.0Tropical storm55Category 4
Unnamed18517.9Tropical storm46Category 1
  1. Tropical storms and hurricanes (34 kt or more, still tropical) at closest approach. Post-tropical remnants with gale-force winds are listed but not counted. Direct: track within 50 miles; near: within 100 miles. Distance is measured to the county boundary for counties and to the city centre for cities, using positions interpolated hourly between HURDAT2 fixes.

National Hurricane Center HURDAT2, 1851 to 2025.

Wildfire and smoke

5,128 acres burned in 2 large fires since 1984, equal to 0.8% of the land.

Largest

March 7, 1996

Unnamed Fire, 3,946 acres

3,951 acres inside Concho County.

Most recent

July 12, 2020

Sims Fire

1,176 acres in total.

Acres burned since 1984, cumulative 1996: 3,9512020: 1,177 5,128 acres 198519901995200020052010201520202025
Running total of acres burned inside the county (line) and each year’s acres (bars).

Every large fire

Large wildfires since 1984
Sims20201,1771,176
Unnamed19963,9513,946
  1. Large fires mapped by the Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity program since 1984: 1,000 acres or more in the West, 500 or more in the East. Prescribed burns are excluded. Acres here are the part of each perimeter inside this place.

Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity (USGS and U.S. Forest Service), 1984 to 2026.

Smoke overhead

Smokiest year

2021: 19 days

Heavy smoke on 3 days in 2021, the most of any year.

Last 10 years

7.7 days a year

Medium or heavy smoke, 2016 to 2025.

2025

2 days

Medium or heavy smoke. 7 so far in 2026.

Days with medium or heavy smoke overhead, by year 2011: 14 2012: 8 2013: 5 2014: 0 2015: 2 2016: 0 2017: 7 2018: 0 2019: 3 2020: 10 2021: 19 19 2022: 15 2023: 16 2024: 5 2025: 2 201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022202320242025
Days each year on which a satellite-traced plume of medium or heavy smoke covered the county’s population centre, 2011 to 2025.
  1. A smoke day is a date on which a smoke plume traced by NOAA Hazard Mapping System analysts from satellite imagery covered this place's point (the county's population centre or the city centre). Counts here are of medium or heavy smoke. Since 2018 analysts have often drawn light smoke as one area over most of the continent, so light-smoke counts are not comparable from year to year. The plumes show smoke anywhere in the air above, not air quality at the ground, and smoke hidden by cloud is missed.

NOAA Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, 2011 to 2026, retrieved October 30, 2026.

Floods and flood insurance

1 federal flood insurance claims since 2013, with $26,000 paid.

Federal flood insurance claims by year
Claims per year since 2013. Years with fewer than five claims are not shown.

Flood events since 1996

  • Flash Flood12

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026. NOAA Storm Events through 2026.

River crests

Most severe crest

September 17, 1936

Concho River at Paint Rock, 43.40 ft

17.40 feet above the 26.0 ft flood stage; major flooding by today’s categories.

Most recent moderate or major crest

July 4, 2025

Concho River at Paint Rock, 29.40 ft

Moderate flooding.

Highest river crests above flood stage
Sep 17, 1936Concho River at Paint Rock43.40+17.40Major
Aug 1, 1882Concho River at Paint Rock39.90+13.90Major
Aug 1, 1906Concho River at Paint Rock39.50+13.50Major
Oct 4, 1959Concho River at Paint Rock33.95+7.95Major
May 10, 1957Concho River at Paint Rock31.95+5.95Moderate
Jul 24, 1938Concho River at Paint Rock31.95+5.95Moderate
Jul 4, 2025Concho River at Paint Rock29.40+3.40Moderate
Sep 9, 1980Concho River at Paint Rock28.25+2.25Minor
Apr 27, 1922Concho River at Paint Rock27.50+1.50Minor
Aug 24, 1942Concho River at Paint Rock26.94+0.94Minor
May 28, 1949Concho River at Paint Rock26.70+0.70Minor
Sep 29, 2012Concho River at Paint Rock24.45−1.55Action
Apr 27, 1957Concho River at Paint Rock22.10−3.90Below flood stage

River gauges

River gauges and their highest listed crests
Concho River at Paint Rock26.043.40 ftSep 17, 19364
  1. Crests are the highest and the recent crests the National Weather Service lists for each river gauge in the county that has a flood stage, not every flood. Flood categories use each gauge's current flood stages; crests from before levees, dams or channel changes may not be comparable. Crests measured on an old datum are left out of the rankings.

NOAA National Water Prediction Service gauge records, retrieved October 30, 2026.

Drought

In severe drought or worse for 168 of 1,581 months since 1895 (11%); the longest spell lasted 18 months.

168

Months in severe drought or worse since 1895

70

Months in extreme drought

11%

Share of all months, severe or worse

56

Drought reports to the Weather Service since 1996

Lowest reading

August 1918

−5.93, extreme drought

Longest severe spell

18 months

May 1951 to October 1952.

Latest month

September 2026

−3.59, severe drought

Months in severe drought or worse, by year 1895: 0 1896: 0 1897: 0 1898: 0 1899: 0 1900: 0 1901: 0 1902: 0 1903: 0 1904: 0 1905: 0 1906: 0 1907: 0 1908: 0 1909: 1 1910: 7 1911: 3 1912: 0 1913: 0 1914: 0 1915: 0 1916: 0 1917: 7 1918: 9 1919: 0 1920: 0 1921: 3 1922: 3 1923: 0 1924: 0 1925: 4 1926: 0 1927: 0 1928: 0 1929: 0 1930: 1 1931: 0 1932: 0 1933: 3 1934: 5 1935: 1 1936: 0 1937: 0 1938: 0 1939: 0 1940: 0 1941: 0 1942: 0 1943: 2 1944: 0 1945: 0 1946: 0 1947: 0 1948: 8 1949: 0 1950: 0 1951: 8 1952: 10 1953: 0 1954: 7 1955: 11 1956: 12 12 1957: 2 1958: 0 1959: 0 1960: 0 1961: 0 1962: 0 1963: 1 1964: 0 1965: 0 1966: 0 1967: 3 1968: 0 1969: 0 1970: 0 1971: 2 1972: 0 1973: 0 1974: 0 1975: 0 1976: 0 1977: 0 1978: 0 1979: 0 1980: 0 1981: 0 1982: 0 1983: 0 1984: 4 1985: 0 1986: 0 1987: 0 1988: 0 1989: 0 1990: 0 1991: 0 1992: 0 1993: 0 1994: 0 1995: 0 1996: 0 1997: 0 1998: 0 1999: 4 2000: 9 2001: 0 2002: 0 2003: 0 2004: 0 2005: 0 2006: 8 2007: 0 2008: 0 2009: 1 2010: 0 2011: 9 2012: 0 2013: 0 2014: 0 2015: 0 2016: 0 2017: 0 2018: 2 2019: 0 2020: 0 2021: 0 2022: 6 2023: 6 2024: 1 2025: 4 18951905191519251935194519551965197519851995200520152025
Months each year with a Palmer index of −3 or lower, 1895 to 2025. Twelve means the whole year.
  1. The Palmer Drought Severity Index is computed by NOAA each month from the county's average temperature and precipitation, relative to the county's own climate. Zero is normal; -3 or lower is severe drought and -4 or lower extreme drought. It describes the long-term balance of moisture, not water supply or crop losses.

NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, 1895 to September 2026, issued October 6, 2026.

Earthquakes

5 earthquakes of magnitude 2.5 or more within 50 miles since 1984; none reached magnitude 4.

0

Magnitude 2.5+ inside the county since 1973

4

Magnitude 3+ within 50 miles since 1973

0

Magnitude 4+ within 50 miles since 1900

0

Magnitude 5+ within 50 miles since 1900

Largest within 50 miles

June 23, 2024

Magnitude 3.3

26 km WNW of Robert Lee, Texas; 47.0 miles away, 5.3 miles deep.

Most recent, magnitude 3 or more

June 23, 2024

Magnitude 3.3

26 km WNW of Robert Lee, Texas; 47.0 miles away.

Earthquakes of magnitude 3 or more within 50 miles, by year 1973: 0 1974: 0 1975: 0 1976: 0 1977: 0 1978: 0 1979: 0 1980: 0 1981: 0 1982: 0 1983: 0 1984: 2 2 1985: 0 1986: 1 1987: 0 1988: 0 1989: 0 1990: 0 1991: 0 1992: 0 1993: 0 1994: 0 1995: 0 1996: 0 1997: 0 1998: 0 1999: 0 2000: 0 2001: 0 2002: 0 2003: 0 2004: 0 2005: 0 2006: 0 2007: 0 2008: 0 2009: 0 2010: 0 2011: 0 2012: 0 2013: 0 2014: 0 2015: 0 2016: 0 2017: 0 2018: 0 2019: 0 2020: 0 2021: 0 2022: 0 2023: 0 2024: 1 2025: 0 19731978198319881993199820032008201320182023
Per year, 1973 to 2025.
  1. Earthquakes of magnitude 2.5 or more in the USGS Comprehensive Catalog since 1900. Within 50 miles means the epicentre lies within 50 miles of the county boundary (or inside the county).
  2. Small earthquakes were under-recorded before the modern seismic networks of the 1970s and are still missed in remote areas, so early decades read low. Magnitudes are as the catalogue reports them and mix scales (moment, local and body-wave).

USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog, 1900 to present, retrieved October 30, 2026.

Severe weather and other events

373 events in the National Weather Service record, 297 of them since 1996.

134

Hail reports, 1 inch or larger

31

Hail, 2 inches or larger

43

Damaging gusts, 58 mph+

35

Winter weather events since 1996

0

Heat events since 1996

6

Cold events since 1996

Largest hail

May 15, 1981

4.50 inches

Strongest measured or estimated gust

May 26, 2016

81 mph

Costliest events since 1996

  1. May 14, 2008Hail$3.0 million
    National Weather Service narrative

    Hail larger than baseballs of about 3.5 inches was measured on the east side of Eden. This wind driven hail storm damaged and destroyed many buildings across Eden.

  2. Sep 29, 2012Flash Flood$150,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Law enforcement reported Highway 83 along the border of Runnels and Concho Counties was closed with four feet of water over the roadway. Concho County had about 14 to 15 miles of county roads washed away or severely damaged.

  3. May 31, 1997Thunderstorm Wind$100,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Many large oak trees were uprooted by the winds. There was also damage to pens, barns, and windmills on ranches.

  4. May 8, 2005Hail$25,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    A nearly stationary thunderstorm continued to produce golfball size hail in Paint Rock, and caused damage to vehicles and homes.

  5. May 27, 2002Hail$10,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Baseball size hail produced roof damage at Paint Rock.

  6. Jun 4, 1998Thunderstorm Wind$10,000
  7. Jun 3, 2003Thunderstorm Wind$10,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Strong thunderstorm winds caused a porch to blow down onto a house and knocked down several large trees.

  8. Apr 7, 2007Winter Storm, Concho$8,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    A significant winter weather event with unseasonably cold temperatures affected West Central Texas on Easter Weekend. Winter weather events seldom occur in this region during April. An unseasonably cold airmass developed across the northern Plains, Midwest and Great Lakes Regions on April 5th and 6th. A strong high pressure system dropped south from Canada, and pushed this cold air southward across the Plains states and into Texas. Temperatures dropped into the 30 to 35 degree range across West Central Texas, by the early morning of Saturday, April 7th. The temperatures held steady or slowly dropped a few degrees during the day Saturday, and remained in the upper 20s to lower 30s…

  9. May 8, 2005Hail$5,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    As golfball Size hail fell in Paint Rock for the past four minutes, the hail damaged windows and roofs.

  10. May 4, 2002Hail$5,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Baseball size hail over eastern Concho County broke windows out of an automobile.

  1. Storm Events records before 1996 cover only tornadoes, thunderstorm wind and hail. Damage figures are as reported by the National Weather Service at the time, not adjusted for inflation.

NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, 1950 to 2026, issued October 26, 2026.

Weather records

From San Angelo, 37.9 miles from the county’s population centre, with records from 1907.

All-time high
114°F2 times, most recently Jun 21, 2023
All-time low
−4°FDec 23, 1989
Warmest night
84°FAug 30, 2011
Coldest day
15°F2 times, most recently Feb 1, 1985
Wettest day
11.75 inSep 15, 1936
Snowiest day
10.1 inFeb 14, 2021
Hottest year
2024mean 69.4°F
Coldest year
1915mean 62.8°F
Wettest year
201635.72 in
Driest year
19567.41 in
Snowiest season
15.9 in2020-21
Average monthly high and low temperature and precipitation, last 30 years, San Angelo 32°F 61° 33° 0.8 Jan 65° 37° 1.0 Feb 74° 46° 1.4 Mar 82° 53° 1.6 Apr 89° 62° 3.0 May 95° 70° 2.2 Jun 97° 72° 1.4 Jul 97° 72° 2.4 Aug 90° 65° 2.5 Sep 81° 54° 2.3 Oct 70° 43° 1.5 Nov 63° 35° 0.8 Dec Precipitation, inches
Average daily high and low by month, and average monthly precipitation, over the last 30 years.
Days reaching 95°F per year 1976: 22 1977: 90 1978: 46 1979: 45 1980: 71 1981: 27 1982: 53 1983: 54 1984: 62 1985: 61 1986: 39 1987: 31 1988: 50 1989: 70 1990: 53 1991: 38 1992: 46 1993: 64 1994: 74 1995: 62 1996: 74 1997: 67 1998: 95 1999: 64 2000: 103 2001: 84 2002: 61 2003: 65 2004: 46 2005: 53 2006: 88 2007: 11 2008: 71 2009: 87 2010: 96 2011: 133 133 2012: 106 2013: 86 2014: 77 2015: 73 2016: 63 2017: 85 2018: 94 2019: 95 2020: 104 2021: 66 2022: 122 2023: 106 2024: 104 2025: 58 19761986199620062016
Days reaching 95°F each complete year, last 50 years. Thirty-year average: 81.2.
Snowfall by winter 1976: 3.1 in 1977: 9.6 in 1978: 1.0 in 1979: 1.0 in 1980: 4.1 in 1981: 6.8 in 1982: 2.9 in 1983: 1.2 in 1984: 8.8 in 1985: 3.3 in 1986: 4.4 in 1987: 2.7 in 1988: 3.8 in 1989: 0.0 in 1990: 4.4 in 1991: 0.0 in 1992: 0.1 in 1993: 2.4 in 1994: 0.0 in 1996: 5.0 in 1997: 0.0 in 1998: 0.0 in 1999: 0.0 in 2000: 3.0 in 2001: 0.0 in 2002: 0.0 in 2004: 0.5 in 2005: 0.0 in 2006: 2.8 in 2007: 0.0 in 2008: 0.0 in 2009: 5.7 in 2010: 0.6 in 2011: 3.1 in 2012: 2.8 in 2013: 1.6 in 2014: 1.4 in 2015: 3.1 in 2016: 0.0 in 2017: 0.0 in 2018: 0.0 in 2019: 0.3 in 2020: 15.9 in 15.9 2021: 0.8 in 2022: 0.0 in 2023: 1.6 in 2024: 0.0 in 2025: 0.9 in 19761986199720082018
Total snowfall each winter (July to June), last 50 winters.

Median first snow

January 2

Earliest: October 27, 2020

Median last snow

February 4

Latest: April 7, 2007

23 of 77 winters had no measurable snow.

Station San Angelo (USW00023034), 2,004 ft elevation, 37.9 miles from the population centre. Daily records from 1907 to October 26, 2026; 99.9% of days in the last 30 years are complete. Records at a single station can differ from a city’s official threaded record, which may combine several stations.

NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily.

Federal disaster declarations

15 since 1953. The most recent: Severe Storms, Straight-Line Winds, and Flooding, July 6, 2025.

Federal disaster declarations
Jul 6, 2025FloodSevere Storms, Straight-Line Winds, and FloodingMajor disasterDR-4879-TX
May 17, 2024FloodSevere Storms, Straight-Line Winds, Tornadoes, and FloodingMajor disasterDR-4781-TX
Feb 19, 2021Severe Ice StormSevere Winter StormsMajor disasterDR-4586-TX
Feb 14, 2021Severe Ice StormSevere Winter StormEmergencyEM-3554-TX
Mar 25, 2020BiologicalCovid-19 PandemicMajor disasterDR-4485-TX
Mar 13, 2020BiologicalCovid-19EmergencyEM-3458-TX
Jul 1, 2011FireWildfiresMajor disasterDR-1999-TX
Mar 14, 2008FireWildfiresEmergencyEM-3284-TX
Jan 11, 2006FireExtreme Wildfire ThreatMajor disasterDR-1624-TX
Sep 24, 2005HurricaneHurricane RitaMajor disasterDR-1606-TX
Sep 21, 2005HurricaneHurricane RitaEmergencyEM-3261-TX
Sep 2, 2005HurricaneHurricane Katrina EvacuationEmergencyEM-3216-TX
Sep 1, 1999FireExtreme Fire HazardsEmergencyEM-3142-TX
Aug 26, 1998Severe StormTropical Storm CharleyMajor disasterDR-1239-TX
Sep 10, 1993DroughtExtreme Fire HazardEmergencyEM-3113-TX

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries, retrieved October 30, 2026. Statewide declarations are not listed.

How this compares

Where Concho County stands among 254 counties in Texas and 3,143 in the United States.

Ranks
Tornadoes since 195029150 / 2541,039 / 3,143
Tornadoes rated F3/EF3 or stronger0——
Tropical cyclones within 50 mi3128 / 2541,131 / 3,143
Hurricane-strength passes within 50 mi0——
Wildfire acres since 19845,128149 / 254960 / 3,143
Flood insurance claims1200 / 2542,799 / 3,143
Flood insurance paid$26,000189 / 2542,610 / 3,143
Disaster declarations15208 / 2542,305 / 3,143
Flood events since 199612239 / 2542,837 / 3,143
Hail and wind events since 1996175159 / 2542,163 / 3,143
Winter storm events since 19963591 / 2542,328 / 3,143
Reported damage since 1996$3.4 million203 / 2542,571 / 3,143
River crests at major flood stage488 / 254981 / 3,143
High tide flooding days a year, last 10 years0.0——
Months in severe drought since 1895168168 / 254578 / 3,143
Medium or heavy smoke days a year, last 10 years7.7217 / 2542,951 / 3,143
Earthquakes M4+ within 50 mi since 19000——
Earthquakes M2.5+ in the county since 19730——

Neighbouring counties

Neighbouring counties
Coleman County4329,91713
McCulloch County30223,3981
Menard County4312,58538
Runnels County56211,3596
Schleicher County11423,6431
Tom Green County573111,373206

Sources and vintage

Every number on this page comes from these public records.

  • Tornadoes NOAA Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, through 2025.
  • Tropical cyclones NOAA National Hurricane Center HURDAT2 (Atlantic; Northeast and Central Pacific), through 2025.
  • Wildfire USGS/USFS Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity, through 2026.
  • Storm events NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, through 2026.
  • Flood insurance OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026.
  • Declarations OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries v2, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Weather records NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily, station USW00023034.
  • River crests NOAA National Weather Service, National Water Prediction Service river gauges, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Drought NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, through September 2026.
  • Smoke NOAA NESDIS Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Earthquakes USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog (ComCat), retrieved October 30, 2026.

Joins, thresholds and known limits are set out in the methodology. Found an error? Report it. Page built October 30, 2026.