McCulloch County
Population 7,472 (2025) 1,066 sq mi
Large wildfires have burned 23,398 acres of McCulloch County since 1984, 81st most of 254 counties in Texas; the largest was the Gate 5 Fire in 2020.
Hazard fingerprint Each spoke is this county’s percentile among U.S. counties where that hazard occurs. How it is computed
- Tornado damage paths since 195030
- Tropical cyclone tracks within 100 miles since 1851, wider where stronger6
- Wildfire burn scars since 19846
At a glance
The record for McCulloch County in eight numbers. Each links to its section below.
Acres burned since 1984
23,398
81st of 254 in Texas
6 large fires; the largest was Gate 5, 2020
DetailsTropical cyclones within 50 mi
2
153rd of 254 in Texas
None at hurricane strength since 1851
DetailsStrongest tornado
F3
May 6, 1969, 41.6 mile path
Strongest tropical cyclone
TS
Tropical storm (unnamed), 1886, 0.0 miles away
Federal disaster declarations
19
Most recent: Severe Storms, Straight-Line Winds, and Flooding, 2025
DetailsTornadoes
About one every 2.5 years since 1950, 2 of them rated F3/EF3 or stronger.
Strongest
May 6, 1969
F3, 41.6 mile path
200 yards wide.
Most recent
Friday, March 15, 2024
EF1, 0.0 mile path
2 years ago.
Every recorded tornado
| Mar 15, 2024 | EF1 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 12, 2020 | EF1 | 5.1 | 0 | 0 |
| May 18, 2019 | EFU | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Oct 13, 2018 | EF0 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 |
| Jan 15, 2017 | EF2 | 2.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Mar 8, 2016 | EF1 | 1.7 | 0 | 0 |
| May 14, 2008 | EF0 | 1.0 | 0 | 0 |
| May 14, 2008 | EF0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| May 9, 2007 | EF0 | 1.5 | 0 | 0 |
| May 1, 2007 | EF0 | 1.8 | 0 | 0 |
| May 1, 2007 | EF0 | 3.3 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 3, 2003 | F0 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 |
| May 4, 2002 | F0 | 3.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Mar 12, 1999 | F2 | 2.0 | 0 | 0 |
| May 31, 1995 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| May 29, 1994 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| May 3, 1991 | F0 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 |
| May 14, 1989 | F2 | 1.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Sep 17, 1988 | F0 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 |
| Sep 17, 1988 | F1 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 16, 1982 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 16, 1982 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| May 15, 1981 | F1 | 2.0 | 0 | 0 |
| May 30, 1976 | F3 | 3.6 | 0 | 0 |
| Jan 20, 1973 | F1 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 |
| May 30, 1971 | F2 | 3.3 | 0 | 0 |
| May 6, 1969 | F3 | 41.6 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 17, 1966 | F1 | 7.7 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 3, 1959 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| May 6, 1955 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
- Injuries and deaths are for the tornado’s whole path, which may extend beyond the county. Deaths recorded within McCulloch County: 0.
- Weak tornadoes were under-recorded before Doppler radar coverage became national in the early 1990s, so earlier decades read low. Ratings use the Fujita scale before February 2007 and the Enhanced Fujita scale after.
Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, 1950 to 2025.
Hurricanes and tropical storms
2 passed within 50 miles since 1851; none at hurricane strength.
Strongest within 50 miles
August 21, 1886
Unnamed storm, Tropical storm
0.0 miles at closest approach, winds near 58 mph.
Most recent
September 12, 1961
Carla, Tropical storm
87.9 miles at closest approach.
Every storm within 100 miles
- Tropical storms and hurricanes (34 kt or more, still tropical) at closest approach. Post-tropical remnants with gale-force winds are listed but not counted. Direct: track within 50 miles; near: within 100 miles. Distance is measured to the county boundary for counties and to the city centre for cities, using positions interpolated hourly between HURDAT2 fixes.
National Hurricane Center HURDAT2, 1851 to 2025.
Wildfire and smoke
23,398 acres burned in 6 large fires since 1984, equal to 3.4% of the land.
Largest
July 14, 2020
Gate 5 Fire, 11,456 acres
11,462 acres inside McCulloch County.
Most recent
August 2, 2020
Mays Fire
9,726 acres in total.
Every large fire
| Mays | 2020 | 5,603 | 9,726 |
| Gate 5 | 2020 | 11,462 | 11,456 |
| Waldrop | 2020 | 994 | 1,002 |
| Unnamed | 2005 | 2,181 | 2,183 |
| Unnamed | 2005 | 3,135 | 3,130 |
| Unnamed | 2000 | 20 | 2,924 |
- Large fires mapped by the Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity program since 1984: 1,000 acres or more in the West, 500 or more in the East. Prescribed burns are excluded. Acres here are the part of each perimeter inside this place.
Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity (USGS and U.S. Forest Service), 1984 to 2026.
Smoke overhead
Smokiest year
2023: 21 days
Heavy smoke on 3 days in 2021, the most of any year.
Last 10 years
7.9 days a year
Medium or heavy smoke, 2016 to 2025.
2025
2 days
Medium or heavy smoke. 9 so far in 2026.
- A smoke day is a date on which a smoke plume traced by NOAA Hazard Mapping System analysts from satellite imagery covered this place's point (the county's population centre or the city centre). Counts here are of medium or heavy smoke. Since 2018 analysts have often drawn light smoke as one area over most of the continent, so light-smoke counts are not comparable from year to year. The plumes show smoke anywhere in the air above, not air quality at the ground, and smoke hidden by cloud is missed.
NOAA Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, 2011 to 2026, retrieved October 30, 2026.
Floods and flood insurance
1 federal flood insurance claims since 2025, with $19,000 paid.
Flood events since 1996
- Flash Flood46
- Flood3
- Heavy Rain1
This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).
OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026. NOAA Storm Events through 2026.
River crests
Most severe crest
September 19, 1936
Colorado River (TX) at Winchell, 62.20 ft
36.20 feet above the 26.0 ft flood stage; major flooding by today’s categories.
Most recent moderate or major crest
July 4, 2025
San Saba River near Brady, 30.53 ft
Major flooding.
River gauges
| Brady Creek at Brady | 26.0 | 29.10 ft | 0 |
| Colorado River (TX) at Winchell | 26.0 | 62.20 ft | 18 |
| San Saba River near Brady | 18.0 | 30.53 ft | 2 |
- Crests are the highest and the recent crests the National Weather Service lists for each river gauge in the county that has a flood stage, not every flood. Flood categories use each gauge's current flood stages; crests from before levees, dams or channel changes may not be comparable. Crests measured on an old datum are left out of the rankings.
NOAA National Water Prediction Service gauge records, retrieved October 30, 2026.
Drought
In severe drought or worse for 143 of 1,581 months since 1895 (9%); the longest spell lasted 16 months.
143
Months in severe drought or worse since 1895
50
Months in extreme drought
9%
Share of all months, severe or worse
71
Drought reports to the Weather Service since 1996
Lowest reading
September 2011
−5.99, extreme drought
Longest severe spell
16 months
May 1951 to August 1952.
Latest month
September 2026
−1.75, mild drought
Last severe month: June 2025.
- The Palmer Drought Severity Index is computed by NOAA each month from the county's average temperature and precipitation, relative to the county's own climate. Zero is normal; -3 or lower is severe drought and -4 or lower extreme drought. It describes the long-term balance of moisture, not water supply or crop losses.
NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, 1895 to September 2026, issued October 6, 2026.
Earthquakes
No earthquake of magnitude 2.5 or more is recorded within 50 miles of the county in the USGS catalogue, which begins in 1900.
Severe weather and other events
614 events in the National Weather Service record, 526 of them since 1996.
238
Hail reports, 1 inch or larger
51
Hail, 2 inches or larger
68
Damaging gusts, 58 mph+
31
Winter weather events since 1996
0
Heat events since 1996
8
Cold events since 1996
Largest hail
May 4, 2002
4.50 inches
Strongest measured or estimated gust
June 12, 2014
96 mph
More event types since 1996
| Lightning | 2 | 0 |
Costliest events since 1996
- May 21, 2026Lightning$6.0 million
National Weather Service narrative
A lightning strike started a fire at a hotel in Brady. The Texas State Fire Marshal has ruled the building a total loss due to the extensive fire, smoke, and water damage.
- Apr 20, 1997Thunderstorm Wind$250,000
National Weather Service narrative
Winds blew trees onto power lines in Brady. About three quarters of the town was without power.
- May 14, 2008Tornado$250,000
National Weather Service narrative
A storm survey revealed that a tornado with winds between 65 and 85 mph caused damage to storage buildings, a marina, trees, and other vegetation along the southeast side of Brady Lake.
- Jun 22, 1997Flash Flood$200,000
National Weather Service narrative
Five inches of rain fell in Brady with heavier rains in southwest McCulloch County. There was widespread street and road flooding throughout the county and Highway 71 was closed. The storms also caused numerous power outages.
- Oct 13, 2018Tornado$150,000
National Weather Service narrative
National Weather Service storm survey team found evidence of damage confirming an EFO tornado in Brady. Several trees lost limbs. One tree was uprooted, while another tree fell on a home. Some roof damage was also observed.
- Mar 12, 1999Tornado$100,000
National Weather Service narrative
A tornado touched down southeast of Brady, heavily damaging a house and a barn.
- May 4, 2002Hail$100,000
National Weather Service narrative
Most homes in the Pear Valley community received damage from baseball size hail that fell for several minutes.
- May 27, 2002Thunderstorm Wind$80,000
National Weather Service narrative
The 70 MPH winds were also accompanied by golfball size hail. This combination did significant damage to a school and several homes in the area.
- May 27, 2002Thunderstorm Wind$80,000
National Weather Service narrative
Winds up to 80 mph combined with golfball size hail to produce damage to trees, houses and automobiles.
- Nov 3, 2000Flood, Mcculloch$75,000
National Weather Service narrative
Heavy rainfall of 6 to 10 inches across Menard, McCulloch, and San Saba counties caused the San Saba River to climb out of its banks. The river crested near Menard on the afternoon of the 3rd at the flood stage of 18.0 feet. The river crested near San Saba just after midnight on the 4th at 29.7 feet, or 5.7 feet above flood stage. Minor damage occurred at the Menard City Park and at the Menard Sewage Plant, as well as the treatment plant and city park in Brady. Several homes and businesses suffered water damage, and agricultural damage was considered substantial. Many roads across Menard, McCulloch, and San Saba counties were closed, as low water crossings along both the San Saba…
- Storm Events records before 1996 cover only tornadoes, thunderstorm wind and hail. Damage figures are as reported by the National Weather Service at the time, not adjusted for inflation.
NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, 1950 to 2026, issued October 26, 2026.
Weather records
From Brady, 0.7 miles from the county’s population centre, with records from 1893.
- All-time high
- 110°F3 times, most recently Jun 29, 1980
- All-time low
- −2°FDec 23, 1989
- Warmest night
- 80°F5 times, most recently Aug 11, 2023
- Coldest day
- 15°FDec 23, 1989
- Wettest day
- 9.55 inJul 4, 2025
- Snowiest day
- 5.0 in3 times, most recently Feb 9, 1973
- Hottest year
- 2011mean 68.4°F
- Coldest year
- 1958mean 62.2°F
- Wettest year
- 197146.52 in
- Driest year
- 19548.98 in
- Snowiest season
- 11.0 in1972-73
Median first snow
January 4
Earliest: November 8, 1955
Median last snow
February 13
Latest: March 21, 1970
58 of 83 winters had no measurable snow.
Station Brady (USC00411017), 1,711 ft elevation, 0.7 miles from the population centre. Daily records from 1893 to November 30, 2025; 94.9% of days in the last 30 years are complete. Records at a single station can differ from a city’s official threaded record, which may combine several stations.
NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily.
Federal disaster declarations
19 since 1953. The most recent: Severe Storms, Straight-Line Winds, and Flooding, July 6, 2025.
| Jul 6, 2025 | Flood | DR-4879-TX |
| May 17, 2024 | Flood | DR-4781-TX |
| Feb 19, 2021 | Severe Ice Storm | DR-4586-TX |
| Feb 14, 2021 | Severe Ice Storm | EM-3554-TX |
| Mar 25, 2020 | Biological | DR-4485-TX |
| Mar 13, 2020 | Biological | EM-3458-TX |
| Feb 25, 2019 | Flood | DR-4416-TX |
| Sep 9, 2011 | Fire | DR-4029-TX |
| Mar 14, 2008 | Fire | EM-3284-TX |
| Jun 29, 2007 | Severe Storm | DR-1709-TX |
| Jan 11, 2006 | Fire | DR-1624-TX |
| Sep 24, 2005 | Hurricane | DR-1606-TX |
| Sep 21, 2005 | Hurricane | EM-3261-TX |
| Sep 2, 2005 | Hurricane | EM-3216-TX |
| Sep 8, 2000 | Fire | FM-2335-TX |
| Sep 1, 1999 | Fire | EM-3142-TX |
| Aug 26, 1998 | Severe Storm | DR-1239-TX |
| Sep 10, 1993 | Drought | EM-3113-TX |
| May 19, 1989 | Severe Storm | DR-828-TX |
This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).
OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries, retrieved October 30, 2026. Statewide declarations are not listed.
How this compares
Where McCulloch County stands among 254 counties in Texas and 3,143 in the United States.
| Tornadoes since 1950 | 30 | 144 / 254 |
| Tornadoes rated F3/EF3 or stronger | 2 | 83 / 254 |
| Tropical cyclones within 50 mi | 2 | 153 / 254 |
| Hurricane-strength passes within 50 mi | 0 | — |
| Wildfire acres since 1984 | 23,398 | 81 / 254 |
| Flood insurance claims | 1 | 200 / 254 |
| Flood insurance paid | $19,000 | 194 / 254 |
| Disaster declarations | 19 | 139 / 254 |
| Flood events since 1996 | 50 | 122 / 254 |
| Hail and wind events since 1996 | 346 | 65 / 254 |
| Winter storm events since 1996 | 31 | 104 / 254 |
| Reported damage since 1996 | $7.6 million | 160 / 254 |
| River crests at major flood stage | 20 | 33 / 254 |
| High tide flooding days a year, last 10 years | 0.0 | — |
| Months in severe drought since 1895 | 143 | 222 / 254 |
| Medium or heavy smoke days a year, last 10 years | 7.9 | 210 / 254 |
| Earthquakes M4+ within 50 mi since 1900 | 0 | — |
| Earthquakes M2.5+ in the county since 1973 | 0 | — |
Neighbouring counties
| Brown County | 39 | 1 |
| Coleman County | 43 | 2 |
| Concho County | 29 | 3 |
| Mason County | 11 | 3 |
| Menard County | 4 | 3 |
| San Saba County | 16 | 4 |
Sources and vintage
Every number on this page comes from these public records.
- Tornadoes NOAA Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, through 2025.
- Tropical cyclones NOAA National Hurricane Center HURDAT2 (Atlantic; Northeast and Central Pacific), through 2025.
- Wildfire USGS/USFS Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity, through 2026.
- Storm events NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, through 2026.
- Flood insurance OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026.
- Declarations OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries v2, retrieved October 30, 2026.
- Weather records NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily, station USC00411017.
- River crests NOAA National Weather Service, National Water Prediction Service river gauges, retrieved October 30, 2026.
- Drought NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, through September 2026.
- Smoke NOAA NESDIS Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, retrieved October 30, 2026.
- Earthquakes USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog (ComCat), retrieved October 30, 2026.
Joins, thresholds and known limits are set out in the methodology. Found an error? Report it. Page built October 30, 2026.