Green Lake County
Population 19,305 (2025) 350 sq mi
Green Lake County has recorded 40 tornadoes since 1950, 10th most of 72 counties in Wisconsin; the most recent was on August 28, 2018.
Hazard fingerprint Each spoke is this county’s percentile among U.S. counties where that hazard occurs. How it is computed
- Tornado damage paths since 195040
- Wildfire burn scars since 19841
At a glance
The record for Green Lake County in eight numbers. Each links to its section below.
Acres burned since 1984
633
8th of 72 in Wisconsin
1 large fire; the largest was Puchyan, 2024
DetailsStrongest tornado
F4
April 3, 1956, 11.5 mile path
Snowiest season
76.4in
Winter of 2007-08
Tornadoes
About one every 1.9 years since 1950, 5 of them rated F3/EF3 or stronger.
Strongest
April 3, 1956
F4, 11.5 mile path
440 yards wide; 7 killed along the whole path.
Most recent
Tuesday, August 28, 2018
EF0, 2.1 mile path
8 years ago.
Every recorded tornado
| Aug 28, 2018 | EF0 | 2.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Aug 28, 2018 | EF1 | 3.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 21, 2011 | EF1 | 1.6 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 21, 2011 | EF1 | 2.2 | 0 | 0 |
| May 22, 2011 | EF0 | 4.2 | 0 | 0 |
| May 22, 2011 | EF0 | 0.4 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 10, 2011 | EF0 | 1.8 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 30, 2010 | EF0 | 8.2 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 30, 2010 | EF0 | 7.2 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 30, 2010 | EF1 | 2.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Jul 27, 2009 | EF1 | 9.6 | 0 | 0 |
| Jul 10, 2008 | EF1 | 1.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Jul 7, 2008 | EF1 | 1.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 12, 2008 | EF0 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 25, 2008 | EF0 | 7.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 23, 2004 | F3 | 7.6 | 1 | 1 |
| Jun 23, 2004 | F3 | 33.3 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 11, 2001 | F0 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 |
| Jul 18, 1996 | F1 | 2.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Aug 27, 1994 | F2 | 10.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Jul 7, 1994 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Jul 6, 1994 | F1 | 1.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Jul 6, 1994 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Jul 6, 1994 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 17, 1993 | F1 | 1.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 8, 1993 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 8, 1993 | F0 | 4.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 8, 1993 | F0 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 8, 1993 | F2 | 28.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 7, 1993 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Sep 26, 1992 | F0 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 |
| Sep 7, 1992 | F2 | 8.5 | 1 | 0 |
| May 24, 1989 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| May 11, 1985 | F1 | 2.0 | 1 | 0 |
| Jun 8, 1984 | F3 | 29.0 | 1 | 0 |
| Sep 20, 1972 | F1 | 3.3 | 0 | 0 |
| Aug 19, 1968 | F2 | 28.7 | 2 | 0 |
| May 28, 1959 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 3, 1956 | F4 | 11.5 | 50 | 7 |
| Jun 25, 1950 | F3 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
- Injuries and deaths are for the tornado’s whole path, which may extend beyond the county. Deaths recorded within Green Lake County: 8.
- Weak tornadoes were under-recorded before Doppler radar coverage became national in the early 1990s, so earlier decades read low. Ratings use the Fujita scale before February 2007 and the Enhanced Fujita scale after.
Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, 1950 to 2025.
Hurricanes and tropical storms
No tropical storm or hurricane has tracked within 100 miles since records began in 1851.
Wildfire and smoke
633 acres burned in 1 large fire since 1984, equal to 0.3% of the land.
Largest
October 18, 2024
Puchyan Fire, 588 acres
633 acres inside Green Lake County.
Most recent
October 18, 2024
Puchyan Fire
588 acres in total.
Every large fire
| Puchyan | 2024 | 633 | 588 |
- Large fires mapped by the Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity program since 1984: 1,000 acres or more in the West, 500 or more in the East. Prescribed burns are excluded. Acres here are the part of each perimeter inside this place.
Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity (USGS and U.S. Forest Service), 1984 to 2026.
Smoke overhead
Smokiest year
2023: 74 days
Heavy smoke on 21 days in 2021, the most of any year.
Last 10 years
27.5 days a year
Medium or heavy smoke, 2016 to 2025.
2025
22 days
Medium or heavy smoke. 41 so far in 2026.
- A smoke day is a date on which a smoke plume traced by NOAA Hazard Mapping System analysts from satellite imagery covered this place's point (the county's population centre or the city centre). Counts here are of medium or heavy smoke. Since 2018 analysts have often drawn light smoke as one area over most of the continent, so light-smoke counts are not comparable from year to year. The plumes show smoke anywhere in the air above, not air quality at the ground, and smoke hidden by cloud is missed.
NOAA Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, 2011 to 2026, retrieved October 30, 2026.
Floods and flood insurance
53 federal flood insurance claims since 1979, with $471,000 paid.
Most claims in one year
2008: 19 claims
$169,000 paid.
2nd most
2004: 12 claims
$164,000 paid.
3rd most
2012: 6 claims
$14,000 paid.
Claims by ZIP code
| 54923 | 30 | $270,000 |
| 53946 | 9 | $107,000 |
| 54968 | 8 | $18,000 |
Flood events since 1996
- Flood11
- Flash Flood3
- Heavy Rain1
This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).
OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026. NOAA Storm Events through 2026.
River crests
Most severe crest
June 18, 2004
Fox River (North) at Berlin, 16.23 ft
3.23 feet above the 13.0 ft flood stage; major flooding by today’s categories.
Most recent moderate or major crest
March 24, 2019
Fox River (North) at Berlin, 15.20 ft
Moderate flooding.
River gauges
| Fox River (North) at Berlin | 13.0 | 16.23 ft | 2 |
| Fox River (North) at Princeton | 9.5 | 11.49 ft | 0 |
- Crests are the highest and the recent crests the National Weather Service lists for each river gauge in the county that has a flood stage, not every flood. Flood categories use each gauge's current flood stages; crests from before levees, dams or channel changes may not be comparable. Crests measured on an old datum are left out of the rankings.
NOAA National Water Prediction Service gauge records, retrieved October 30, 2026.
Drought
In severe drought or worse for 109 of 1,581 months since 1895 (7%); the longest spell lasted 16 months.
109
Months in severe drought or worse since 1895
46
Months in extreme drought
7%
Share of all months, severe or worse
17
Drought reports to the Weather Service since 1996
Lowest reading
February 1977
−5.87, extreme drought
Longest severe spell
16 months
November 1963 to February 1965.
Latest month
September 2026
−0.80, incipient dry spell
Last severe month: March 2024.
- The Palmer Drought Severity Index is computed by NOAA each month from the county's average temperature and precipitation, relative to the county's own climate. Zero is normal; -3 or lower is severe drought and -4 or lower extreme drought. It describes the long-term balance of moisture, not water supply or crop losses.
NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, 1895 to September 2026, issued October 6, 2026.
Earthquakes
No earthquake of magnitude 2.5 or more is recorded within 50 miles of the county in the USGS catalogue, which begins in 1900.
Severe weather and other events
612 events in the National Weather Service record, 568 of them since 1996.
40
Hail reports, 1 inch or larger
3
Hail, 2 inches or larger
72
Damaging gusts, 58 mph+
211
Winter weather events since 1996
41
Heat events since 1996
37
Cold events since 1996
Largest hail
August 3, 1997
3.00 inches
Strongest measured or estimated gust
August 20, 2010
100 mph
More event types since 1996
| Lightning | 3 | 0 |
| Dense fog and smoke | 45 | 0 |
Costliest events since 1996
- Jun 1, 2004Flood, Green Lake$2.7 million
National Weather Service narrative
Scattered to widespread heavy rains across south-central and southeast Wisconsin during the period of June 9-12, 2004 kept many rivers and streams at or above flood stage for a good part, or most of the month. Monthly rainfall totals generally ranged from 4 to 7 inches across south-central and southeast Wisconsin, with some scattered spots in Sauk, Columbia, Dodge, Walworth, Racine, and Kenosha Counties picking up 7 to 9.5 inches, or 50 to 100% above normal. In some cases, stretches of some rivers actually went above flood stage in May, 2004. Refer to flood and flash flood events in May, 2004, for additional information. During June, 2004, the high water levels kept much of the…
- May 12, 2000Hail$1.5 million
National Weather Service narrative
Probably the costliest southern Wisconsin hailstorm in the past 100 years struck the northern parts of Marquette and Green Lake Counties during the mid to late morning hours. This was the third round of severe thunderstorms to strike southern Wisconsin due to the same basic weather pattern. Hailstones the size of baseballs (up to 3 inches in diameter) pounded the northern 3 mile stretch of these two counties, resulting in substantial damage to hundreds of homes (roofs and siding) and hundreds of vehicles. Two people in Marquette County and 4 people in Green Lake County were injured by the large hailstones and needed medical treatment. The hailstones left impact marks on sidewalks…
- Jun 23, 2004Tornado$1.4 million
National Weather Service narrative
A strong tornado spun up near the intersection of STH 73 and CTH H, about 2 miles north of the village of Manchester. It increased its strength to F3 (estimated 175-200 mph) as it moved southeast across the southern part of the city of Markesan. Numerous trees were uprooted. At least 18 homes or ag-buildings had minor damage, at least 9 homes or ag-buildings had major damage, and at least 21 homes or ag-buildings were destroyed. This tornado exited Green Lake County at a point 6.4 miles southeast of Markesan, just south of Lake Maria Rd., and continued southeast through Fond du Lac County. The responsible supercell also spun up different tornadoes earlier in Adams and Marquette…
- Aug 3, 1997Thunderstorm Wind$1.0 million
National Weather Service narrative
Two rounds of severe thunderstorms struck southeast and south-central Wisconsin during the evening hours. The first round, consisting of short lines of storms moving southeast, produced scattered reports of damaging, powerful winds uprooting large trees, and large hail up to 3 inches in diameter. Northwest to northeast of Lebanon (Dodge Co.), a wet microburst blanketed the ground like snow with hail up to 1.75 inches in diameter. The accompanying powerful winds twisted and pushed over a cattle trailer, tipped over a corn crib, and shoved a hay wagon into the side of a home which damaged an exterior wall and window. In addition, a hay elevator was damaged and many local trees were…
- Jun 23, 2004Tornado$675,000
National Weather Service narrative
A strong tornado spun up about a mile directly east of Lake Maria in southeastern Green Lake County, or about 4.2 miles SSE of Markesan, moved east along Sunny Drive with F3 strength (estimated 175-200), and exited Green Lake County along Mielke Rd., or about 6.8 miles SE of Markesan. Numerous trees were uprooted. At least 8 homes or ag-buildings had minor damage, at least 5 homes or ag-buildings had major damage, and at least 5 homes or ag-buildings were destroyed. Near the intersection of Sunny Drive and Pleasant Drive, two people and most basement items were "sucked" out of their home's basement while the home was being destroyed. The husband was found dead and his wife was…
- May 25, 2004Flood, Green Lake$300,000
National Weather Service narrative
The Fox River at Berlin rose above its flood stage of 13 feet on May 25th at 2115 CST. The river crested on June 18th at 16.24 feet, 3.24 feet above flood stage. Water damage to road systems, parks, treatment plants, and basements was noted along most rivers and streams. In addition, crop damage and erosion was moderate to severe in low lands. For more information, please refer to the June 2004 edition of StormData.Several all-time monthly record precipitation totals (for any month) were recorded during May across south-central and southeast Wisconsin. Official totals that broke these records include: 13.85" in Union Grove (Racine Co.), 13.55" in Racine (Racine Co.), 13.47" in…
- Aug 28, 2018Thunderstorm Wind$295,000
National Weather Service narrative
A swath of widespread tree and crop damage across the southern portion of the county. Some structural damage from fallen trees or due to the strong downburst winds. Various roads closed due to fallen trees. Several reports of estimated winds of 70 to 75 mph but NWS storm survey reveals maximum winds around 100 mph in some areas.
- Jul 10, 2008Tornado$150,000
National Weather Service narrative
A weak tornado spun up about 1/2 mile southwest of Downtown Dalton near a creek and proceeded to track east across STH 44 just northeast of the intersection of STH 44 and South Main Steet, and ultimately dissipated about 1/2 mile east-southeast of Downtown Dalton just southeast of the intersection of Fountain Lane and Belle Fountain Creek. It took the roof off of a lumberyard pole shed, took part of a roof off an office building, uprooted trees, and brought down some power-lines. The starting and ending lat/long pairs of numbers are 43.65243/-89.21794 and 43.65347/-89.19503. DI#1 (SBO), DOD 5. The winds were estimated at 93 mph. The average path width was about 50 yards.
- Apr 30, 2010Tornado$130,000
National Weather Service narrative
A weak tornado spun up southeast of Berlin near the intersection of CTH AA and Forest Ridge Rd. The tornado moved northeast and disappated near the intersection of CTH V and White Ridge Rd. The average path width was 60 yards. A damage survey noted seven high tension wood power poles were snapped. A few trees were uprooted including one that fell on and damaged a car. There was minor roof damage to a barn. Several small barrels were thrown over 100 yards into a nearby field. A portable toilet was moved about 50 feet. Near the end of the track, a TV antenna was snapped and there was damage to the facia of a home. A small shed was destroyed and a couch that was outdoors was thrown…
- Jun 11, 2001Thunderstorm Wind$100,000
National Weather Service narrative
A powerful squall line plowed through most of south-central and southeast Wisconsin during the late evening hours of June 11, 2001, resulting in widespread damage to trees, power lines, and power poles. There were many reports of damage to residential homes, businesses, and motor vehicles, caused by falling trees/branches. Maximum wind gusts were in the 64 to 78 knot range (74 to 90 mph) in parts of Sheboygan, Dodge, and Washington counties, and 50 to 63 knots (58 to 73 mph) elsewhere. In addition, three (3) tornadoes formed in a meso low-pressure on the left side of a pronounced down-burst located on the leading edge of the squall line. One of the tornadoes, rated F0, briefly…
- Storm Events records before 1996 cover only tornadoes, thunderstorm wind and hail. Damage figures are as reported by the National Weather Service at the time, not adjusted for inflation.
NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, 1950 to 2026, issued October 26, 2026.
Weather records
From Montello Wwtp, 15.7 miles from the county’s population centre, with records from 1954.
- All-time high
- 104°F2 times, most recently Jul 6, 2012
- All-time low
- −35°F2 times, most recently Jan 9, 1977
- Warmest night
- 79°FJun 22, 1988
- Coldest day
- −15°FJan 19, 1994
- Wettest day
- 5.89 inAug 28, 2018
- Snowiest day
- 14.0 inJan 27, 1996
- Hottest year
- 2024mean 49.5°F
- Coldest year
- 2008mean 41.7°F
- Wettest year
- 201855.10 in
- Driest year
- 195814.38 in
- Snowiest season
- 76.4 in2007-08
Median first snow
November 22
Earliest: October 11, 1990
Median last snow
March 28
Latest: May 10, 1990
0 of 54 winters had no measurable snow.
Station Montello Wwtp (USC00475581), 803 ft elevation, 15.7 miles from the population centre. Daily records from 1954 to October 23, 2026; 98.8% of days in the last 30 years are complete. Records at a single station can differ from a city’s official threaded record, which may combine several stations.
NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily.
Federal disaster declarations
9 since 1953. The most recent: Covid-19 Pandemic, April 4, 2020.
| Apr 4, 2020 | Biological | DR-4520-WI |
| Mar 13, 2020 | Biological | EM-3454-WI |
| Oct 18, 2018 | Flood | DR-4402-WI |
| Jun 14, 2008 | Severe Storm | DR-1768-WI |
| Sep 13, 2005 | Hurricane | EM-3249-WI |
| Jun 18, 2004 | Severe Storm | DR-1526-WI |
| Jul 2, 1993 | Severe Storm | DR-994-WI |
| Jun 17, 1976 | Drought | EM-3014-WI |
| Apr 27, 1973 | Flood | DR-376-WI |
This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).
OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries, retrieved October 30, 2026. Statewide declarations are not listed.
How this compares
Where Green Lake County stands among 72 counties in Wisconsin and 3,143 in the United States.
| Tornadoes since 1950 | 40 | 10 / 72 |
| Tornadoes rated F3/EF3 or stronger | 5 | 4 / 72 |
| Tropical cyclones within 50 mi | 0 | — |
| Hurricane-strength passes within 50 mi | 0 | — |
| Wildfire acres since 1984 | 633 | 8 / 72 |
| Flood insurance claims | 53 | 33 / 72 |
| Flood insurance paid | $471,000 | 40 / 72 |
| Disaster declarations | 9 | 53 / 72 |
| Flood events since 1996 | 15 | 59 / 72 |
| Hail and wind events since 1996 | 175 | 63 / 72 |
| Winter storm events since 1996 | 211 | 19 / 72 |
| Reported damage since 1996 | $9.5 million | 48 / 72 |
| River crests at major flood stage | 2 | 29 / 72 |
| High tide flooding days a year, last 10 years | 0.0 | — |
| Months in severe drought since 1895 | 109 | 46 / 72 |
| Medium or heavy smoke days a year, last 10 years | 27.5 | 37 / 72 |
| Earthquakes M4+ within 50 mi since 1900 | 0 | — |
| Earthquakes M2.5+ in the county since 1973 | 0 | — |
Neighbouring counties
| Columbia County | 39 | 0 |
| Dodge County | 68 | 0 |
| Fond du Lac County | 58 | 0 |
| Marquette County | 27 | 0 |
| Waushara County | 29 | 0 |
| Winnebago County | 33 | 0 |
Sources and vintage
Every number on this page comes from these public records.
- Tornadoes NOAA Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, through 2025.
- Tropical cyclones NOAA National Hurricane Center HURDAT2 (Atlantic; Northeast and Central Pacific), through 2025.
- Wildfire USGS/USFS Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity, through 2026.
- Storm events NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, through 2026.
- Flood insurance OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026.
- Declarations OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries v2, retrieved October 30, 2026.
- Weather records NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily, station USC00475581.
- River crests NOAA National Weather Service, National Water Prediction Service river gauges, retrieved October 30, 2026.
- Drought NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, through September 2026.
- Smoke NOAA NESDIS Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, retrieved October 30, 2026.
- Earthquakes USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog (ComCat), retrieved October 30, 2026.
Joins, thresholds and known limits are set out in the methodology. Found an error? Report it. Page built October 30, 2026.