Henderson

Population 15,013 (2025)

24 tropical storms and hurricanes have passed within 50 miles of Henderson since 1851; the strongest at closest approach was an unnamed storm in 1893 (Category 1).

Hazard fingerprint for Henderson Tornado: 46th percentile. Tropical: 69th percentile. Wildfire: 0th percentile. Flood: 54th percentile. Hail & wind: 74th percentile. Heat: 33th percentile. Cold: 9th percentile. Winter: 51th percentile. TORTROPFIREFLOODSEVEREHEATCOLDWINTER

Hazard fingerprint Each spoke is this county’s percentile among U.S. counties where that hazard occurs. How it is computed

2026
  • Tornado damage paths within 25 miles since 195041
  • Tropical cyclone tracks within 100 miles since 1851, wider where stronger53
  • Wildfire burn scars within 25 miles since 19841

At a glance

Tornado paths within 25 miles, tropical cyclone tracks within 100 miles and wildfire perimeters within 25 miles of the city centre. Storm events, flood insurance claims and disaster declarations are for Vance County. Earthquakes within 50 miles, volcanoes within 100 miles and smoke days are measured from the city centre; river and tide gauges, tsunami and landslide records and the drought index are for Vance County.

Tropical cyclones within 50 mi

24

3 at hurricane strength since 1851

Details

Flood insurance claims

12

Vance County

$174,000 paid since 1983

Details

Tornadoes since 1950, within 25 mi

41

1 rated F3/EF3 or stronger

Details

Large wildfires within 25 mi

1

Largest: Highway 1, 2008

Details

Strongest tornado

F4

November 27, 1988, 83.0 mile path

Strongest tropical cyclone

Cat. 1

Hurricane (unnamed), 1893, 6.5 miles away

Federal disaster declarations

23

Most recent: Severe Winter Storm, 2026

Details

Record high

106°F

July 21, 1926

Details

Tornadoes

About one every 1.9 years since 1950, one of them rated F3/EF3 or stronger.

Strongest

November 27, 1988

F4, 83.0 mile path

400 yards wide; 4 killed along the whole path.

Most recent

Friday, September 27, 2024

EF1, 0.5 mile path

2 years ago.

Tornadoes by decade, within 25 miles Doppler radar era² 1950s: 4 4 1960s: 4 4 1970s: 1 1 1980s: 4 4 1990s: 8 8 2000s: 5 5 2010s: 9 9 2020s: 6 6 1950s1960s1970s1980s1990s2000s2010s2020s
Recorded tornadoes per decade. The 2020s are incomplete.
Tornadoes by month J: 1 F: 2 M: 5 A: 1 M: 12 12 J: 3 J: 0 A: 4 S: 4 O: 6 N: 3 D: 0 JFMAMJJASOND
By month of occurrence, all years.

Every recorded tornado

Tornadoes within 25 miles since 1950
Sep 27, 2024EF10.55000
Sep 27, 2024EF10.65000
Aug 8, 2024EF11.610000
Aug 8, 2024EF01.07500
Aug 8, 2024EF12.912500
May 27, 2020EF00.215000
Sep 17, 2018EF09.210000
May 5, 2017EF114.87500
May 5, 2017EF11.025000
Feb 24, 2016EF15.015000
Feb 24, 2016EF25.112500
Jun 18, 2013EF01.215000
Oct 27, 2010EF02.95000
Oct 27, 2010EF04.710000
Mar 28, 2010EF14.07500
May 14, 2006F00.55000
May 9, 2003F00.52000
May 9, 2003F05.05000
May 19, 2001F00.12500
May 19, 2001F00.12500
Mar 20, 1998F10.15000
Mar 20, 1998F21.510000
Mar 20, 1998F22.510010
Oct 27, 1995F01.05000
Oct 27, 1995F23.05000
Oct 27, 1995F22.07300
Jun 4, 1993F00.22000
Apr 16, 1993F00.21000
May 5, 1989F12.54000
Nov 27, 1988F483.04001544
Aug 28, 1988F10.55010
May 8, 1984F10.35000
May 28, 1973F16.41020
Oct 2, 1969F25.610000
May 14, 1967F00.11000
Nov 2, 1966F264.57790
Jan 6, 1962F20.11000
Sep 29, 1959F10.11000
Mar 18, 1956F11.05000
Nov 19, 1952F21.05010
Jun 9, 1951F13.83000
  1. Injuries and deaths are for the tornado’s whole path, which may extend beyond this area.
  2. Weak tornadoes were under-recorded before Doppler radar coverage became national in the early 1990s, so earlier decades read low. Ratings use the Fujita scale before February 2007 and the Enhanced Fujita scale after.

Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, 1950 to 2025.

Hurricanes and tropical storms

24 passed within 50 miles since 1851; 3 at hurricane strength.

Strongest within 50 miles

October 13, 1893

Unnamed storm, Category 1

6.5 miles at closest approach, winds near 86 mph.

Most recent

September 23, 2023

Ophelia, Tropical storm

50.0 miles at closest approach.

Tropical cyclones within 50 miles by decade 50s: 1 60s: 0 70s: 0 80s: 6 6 90s: 3 00s: 2 10s: 0 20s: 0 30s: 1 40s: 2 50s: 2 60s: 0 70s: 1 80s: 0 90s: 1 00s: 2 10s: 1 20s: 2 50s60s70s80s90s00s10s20s30s40s50s60s70s80s90s00s10s20s
Storms within 50 miles, by decade. Records before about 1900 miss storms that never reached land or ships.

Every storm within 100 miles

Tropical cyclones within 100 miles
Ophelia202350.0Tropical storm43Tropical storm
Elsa202117.1Tropical storm52Category 1
Claudette202166.6Tropical storm46Tropical storm
Zeta202082.3Tropical storm52Category 3
Isaias202051.1Tropical storm69Category 1
Nestor201934.5Post-tropical46Tropical storm
Michael20189.2Tropical storm55Category 5
Andrea201343.7Post-tropical46Tropical storm
Hanna200836.0Tropical storm52Category 1
Alberto200674.0Post-tropical40Tropical storm
Charley200490.1Tropical storm58Category 4
Isabel200347.4Category 175Category 5
Helene200066.5Tropical storm41Tropical storm
Earl199868.5Post-tropical58Category 2
Danny199744.7Tropical storm40Category 1
Fran199628.4Tropical storm55Category 3
Bertha199669.0Tropical storm71Category 3
Diana198493.7Tropical storm47Category 4
David197985.8Tropical storm46Category 5
Agnes197293.2Tropical storm46Category 1
Alma197029.4Tropical storm40Category 1
Unnamed196570.4Post-tropical43Tropical storm
Isbell196469.7Post-tropical40Category 3
Brenda196077.0Tropical storm60Tropical storm
Cindy195941.1Tropical storm40Category 1
Flossy195698.3Post-tropical58Category 1
Diane195513.7Tropical storm59Category 2
Hazel195423.4Post-tropical92Category 4
Able195279.1Tropical storm48Category 2
Unnamed194994.8Tropical storm58Category 4
Unnamed194788.3Post-tropical40Tropical storm
Unnamed194520.2Tropical storm48Category 4
Unnamed194425.6Post-tropical49Category 4
Unnamed194417.6Tropical storm46Category 1
Unnamed193527.9Tropical storm58Category 5
Unnamed19299.9Post-tropical58Category 4
Unnamed192856.3Post-tropical77Category 5
Unnamed192473.2Post-tropical71Category 1
Unnamed191659.9Tropical storm43Tropical storm
Unnamed191576.1Tropical storm46Category 1
Unnamed191377.8Tropical storm46Category 1
Unnamed191287.9Post-tropical40Tropical storm
Unnamed190429.5Tropical storm64Category 1
Unnamed190264.7Post-tropical40Category 2
Unnamed19029.9Tropical storm44Tropical storm
Unnamed189910.8Tropical storm63Category 2
Unnamed189637.2Category 178Category 3
Unnamed189487.3Tropical storm70Category 3
Unnamed18936.5Category 186Category 3
Unnamed189387.9Tropical storm40Category 4
Unnamed189373.5Tropical storm69Category 3
Unnamed189393.1Tropical storm58Category 1
Unnamed18896.5Tropical storm46Category 2
Unnamed18884.0Tropical storm40Tropical storm
Unnamed188775.1Tropical storm39Category 1
Unnamed188627.9Tropical storm40Category 2
Unnamed188527.5Tropical storm46Tropical storm
Unnamed188321.2Tropical storm46Category 3
Unnamed188219.4Tropical storm46Category 3
Unnamed188180.0Tropical storm61Category 2
Unnamed187877.1Category 2101Category 2
Unnamed187877.9Tropical storm58Category 2
Unnamed187721.6Post-tropical58Category 3
Unnamed187662.1Category 178Category 3
Unnamed187455.8Tropical storm63Category 1
Unnamed187277.5Tropical storm46Category 1
Unnamed186761.0Tropical storm46Category 1
Unnamed186198.1Tropical storm69Category 1
Unnamed185915.0Tropical storm54Category 1
Unnamed185456.8Tropical storm46Category 3
Unnamed185177.2Tropical storm46Category 3
  1. Tropical storms and hurricanes (34 kt or more, still tropical) at closest approach. Post-tropical remnants with gale-force winds are listed but not counted. Direct: track within 50 miles; near: within 100 miles. Distance is measured to the county boundary for counties and to the city centre for cities, using positions interpolated hourly between HURDAT2 fixes.

National Hurricane Center HURDAT2, 1851 to 2025.

Wildfire and smoke

1 large fire burned within 25 miles since 1984.

Largest

February 10, 2008

Highway 1 Fire, 769 acres

11.5 miles from the city centre.

Most recent

February 10, 2008

Highway 1 Fire

769 acres in total.

Acres burned by large fires within 25 miles, cumulative 2008: 769 769 acres 198519901995200020052010201520202025
Running total of acres burned (line) and each year’s acres (bars).

Every large fire

Large wildfires since 1984
Highway 1200811.5769
  1. Large fires mapped by the Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity program since 1984: 1,000 acres or more in the West, 500 or more in the East. Prescribed burns are excluded. Acres here are the part of each perimeter inside this place.

Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity (USGS and U.S. Forest Service), 1984 to 2026.

Smoke overhead

Smokiest year

2023: 43 days

Heavy smoke on 7 days in 2023, the most of any year.

Last 10 years

9.8 days a year

Medium or heavy smoke, 2016 to 2025.

2025

8 days

Medium or heavy smoke. 29 so far in 2026.

Days with medium or heavy smoke overhead, by year 2011: 3 2012: 3 2013: 0 2014: 0 2015: 4 2016: 1 2017: 1 2018: 3 2019: 2 2020: 4 2021: 17 2022: 11 2023: 43 43 2024: 8 2025: 8 201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022202320242025
Days each year on which a satellite-traced plume of medium or heavy smoke covered the city centre, 2011 to 2025.
  1. A smoke day is a date on which a smoke plume traced by NOAA Hazard Mapping System analysts from satellite imagery covered this place's point (the county's population centre or the city centre). Counts here are of medium or heavy smoke. Since 2018 analysts have often drawn light smoke as one area over most of the continent, so light-smoke counts are not comparable from year to year. The plumes show smoke anywhere in the air above, not air quality at the ground, and smoke hidden by cloud is missed.

NOAA Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, 2011 to 2026, retrieved October 30, 2026.

Floods and flood insurance

12 federal flood insurance claims since 1983, with $174,000 paid.

Flood insurance figures are for Vance County, the county that contains Henderson.

Federal flood insurance claims by year
Claims per year since 1983. Years with fewer than five claims are not shown.

Claims by ZIP code

Flood insurance claims by ZIP code
275366$37,000
275375$134,000

Flood events since 1996

  • Flash Flood16
  • Heavy Rain5
  • Flood2

1 death recorded in flood events since 1996.

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026. NOAA Storm Events through 2026.

Drought

In severe drought or worse for 83 of 1,581 months since 1895 (5%); the longest spell lasted 10 months.

The drought index is for Vance County, the county that contains Henderson.

83

Months in severe drought or worse since 1895

10

Months in extreme drought

5%

Share of all months, severe or worse

Lowest reading

January 1934

−4.54, extreme drought

Longest severe spell

10 months

November 2010 to August 2011.

Latest month

September 2026

−4.39, extreme drought

Months in severe drought or worse, by year 1895: 0 1896: 0 1897: 0 1898: 0 1899: 0 1900: 0 1901: 0 1902: 0 1903: 0 1904: 0 1905: 0 1906: 0 1907: 0 1908: 0 1909: 0 1910: 0 1911: 0 1912: 0 1913: 0 1914: 0 1915: 0 1916: 0 1917: 0 1918: 0 1919: 0 1920: 0 1921: 4 1922: 0 1923: 0 1924: 0 1925: 0 1926: 1 1927: 0 1928: 0 1929: 0 1930: 1 1931: 2 1932: 2 1933: 2 1934: 1 1935: 0 1936: 0 1937: 0 1938: 0 1939: 0 1940: 0 1941: 0 1942: 3 1943: 3 1944: 1 1945: 0 1946: 0 1947: 0 1948: 0 1949: 0 1950: 0 1951: 0 1952: 0 1953: 2 1954: 0 1955: 0 1956: 0 1957: 0 1958: 0 1959: 0 1960: 0 1961: 0 1962: 0 1963: 0 1964: 0 1965: 1 1966: 0 1967: 2 1968: 0 1969: 0 1970: 1 1971: 0 1972: 0 1973: 0 1974: 0 1975: 0 1976: 0 1977: 0 1978: 0 1979: 0 1980: 1 1981: 1 1982: 0 1983: 0 1984: 0 1985: 2 1986: 7 1987: 0 1988: 0 1989: 0 1990: 0 1991: 2 1992: 4 1993: 1 1994: 0 1995: 0 1996: 0 1997: 0 1998: 0 1999: 1 2000: 0 2001: 1 2002: 5 2003: 0 2004: 0 2005: 3 2006: 1 2007: 5 2008: 2 2009: 0 2010: 3 2011: 8 8 2012: 4 2013: 0 2014: 0 2015: 0 2016: 0 2017: 0 2018: 0 2019: 0 2020: 0 2021: 0 2022: 0 2023: 0 2024: 0 2025: 0 18951905191519251935194519551965197519851995200520152025
Months each year with a Palmer index of −3 or lower, 1895 to 2025. Twelve means the whole year.
  1. The Palmer Drought Severity Index is computed by NOAA each month from the county's average temperature and precipitation, relative to the county's own climate. Zero is normal; -3 or lower is severe drought and -4 or lower extreme drought. It describes the long-term balance of moisture, not water supply or crop losses.

NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, 1895 to September 2026, issued October 6, 2026.

Earthquakes

No earthquake of magnitude 2.5 or more is recorded within 50 miles of the city centre in the USGS catalogue, which begins in 1900.

Severe weather and other events

311 events in the National Weather Service record for Vance County, 272 of them since 1996.

30

Hail reports, 1 inch or larger

1

Hail, 2 inches or larger

99

Damaging gusts, 58 mph+

69

Winter weather events since 1996

5

Heat events since 1996

2

Cold events since 1996

Largest hail

February 24, 2016

3.00 inches

Strongest measured or estimated gust

August 20, 1997

69 mph

More event types since 1996

Other Storm Events types since 1996
Lightning301Jun 11, 2004

Costliest events since 1996

  1. Oct 29, 2020Strong Wind, Vance$1.0 million
    National Weather Service narrative

    Frequent wind gusts of 40 to 55 mph resulted in scattered to numerous trees and power lines down across Vance County, including some on homes. Numerous customers lost power in Vance County as a result of the strong winds.

  2. Oct 11, 2018Tropical Storm, Vance$500,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Tropical storm wind gusts downed numerous trees, caused widespread power outages and produced a variety of damage to homes throughout the county. An apartment complex in Henderson was evacuated when a gas line was damaged from a downed tree.

  3. Feb 25, 2015Winter Storm, Vance$500,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Snowfall/sleet amounts of 7 to 9 inches fell across the county. The heavy wet snow caused extensive power outages from falling trees and power lines.

  4. Sep 27, 2024Tornado$500,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    A tornado touched down over a large private building near Technology Ln and Poplar Creek Rd east of Oxford. The tornado ripped off the roof of the building and moved two HVAC units. The tornado crossed over Interstate 85 and into the Vance and Granville community college campus, breaking and snapping some soft and hardwood trees. The tornado then lifted just north of the community college, however roof debris from the private building was found lofted into a residential tree north of US Highway 158.

  5. Aug 15, 2002Lightning$500,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    A lightning strike resulted in a fire in a manufacturing plant.

  6. May 9, 2003Tornado$400,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Trees were downed and a marina was damaged between Townsville and the Nutbush recreational area at Kerr Lake. Golfball sized hail was also reported.

  7. Sep 18, 2003Hurricane (Typhoon), Vance$369,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Hurricane Isabel made landfall along the Outer Banks just north of Cape Lookout around 1 pm on September 18, 2003. The eye of the storm tracked northeast passing over eastern Halifax County. Winds gusts to near Hurricane force were recorded over Halifax county. Many locations across the Coastal Plain and even back into the Triangle received wind gusts between 50 to 70 mph late in the afternoon until early evening. Many trees were uprooted falling on vehicles and homes all across the area. One person was killed in Franklin county when their vehicle struck a downed tree. Up to 6 inches of rain fell across Edgecombe, Halifax and Wilson counties resulting in flooding of several roads.

  8. Mar 6, 2014Ice Storm, Vance$250,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    One quarter of an inch of ice from freezing rain resulted in widespread downed trees and power-lines. Additionally, snowfall of 1 to 2 inches fell across the county.

  9. Oct 8, 2016Strong Wind, Vance$100,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Frequent wind gusts of 40 to 50 mph resulted in numerous trees down across Vance County, including on homes, cars, and power lines. Numerous customers lost power in Vance County as a result of the strong winds.

  10. Feb 12, 2021Winter Storm, Vance$100,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    One-quarter to one-half of an inch of ice from freezing rain downed numerous trees across the county, causing numerous power outages.

  1. Storm Events records before 1996 cover only tornadoes, thunderstorm wind and hail. Damage figures are as reported by the National Weather Service at the time, not adjusted for inflation.

NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, 1950 to 2026, issued October 26, 2026.

Weather records

From Henderson 2 Nnw, 1.6 miles from the city centre, with records from 1893.

All-time high
106°FJul 21, 1926
All-time low
−8°FJan 28, 1940
Warmest night
86°FJul 9, 1930
Coldest day
10°F2 times, most recently Feb 13, 1899
Wettest day
7.50 inNov 29, 1934
Snowiest day
22.5 inJan 28, 1922
Hottest year
1921mean 62.9°F
Coldest year
1988mean 55.4°F
Wettest year
202069.28 in
Driest year
196826.86 in
Snowiest season
32.0 in1935-36
Average monthly high and low temperature and precipitation, last 30 years, Henderson 2 Nnw 32°F 50° 26° 3.6 Jan 54° 28° 3.2 Feb 62° 34° 4.0 Mar 72° 43° 4.0 Apr 79° 54° 4.4 May 86° 62° 4.2 Jun 89° 67° 5.2 Jul 87° 65° 5.3 Aug 82° 58° 4.9 Sep 72° 46° 3.3 Oct 62° 34° 3.3 Nov 53° 29° 4.0 Dec Precipitation, inches
Average daily high and low by month, and average monthly precipitation, over the last 30 years.
Days reaching 95°F per year 1976: 6 1977: 23 1978: 4 1979: 2 1980: 32 32 1982: 3 1986: 17 1988: 19 1993: 17 1995: 3 1997: 12 1998: 9 1999: 25 2000: 1 2002: 29 2003: 5 2005: 14 2006: 9 2007: 22 2008: 13 2009: 3 2010: 29 2011: 22 2012: 15 2013: 0 2014: 6 2017: 6 2018: 6 2021: 8 2022: 8 2023: 6 2024: 11 1976199720092023
Days reaching 95°F each complete year, last 50 years. Thirty-year average: 11.4.
Snowfall by winter 1965: 14.0 in 1966: 14.5 in 1967: 2.0 in 1968: 0.0 in 1971: 0.0 in 1974: 0.0 in 1975: 0.0 in 1978: 18.4 in 1981: 12.2 in 1982: 2.0 in 1983: 0.0 in 1986: 0.0 in 1987: 7.0 in 1988: 22.5 in 22.5 1992: 0.0 in 1994: 0.0 in 1995: 2.5 in 1996: 0.0 in 1997: 0.0 in 1998: 0.0 in 1999: 2.4 in 2000: 0.2 in 2001: 0.0 in 2002: 4.3 in 2003: 8.1 in 2004: 0.1 in 2005: 0.0 in 2006: 0.0 in 2007: 1.0 in 2008: 5.0 in 2009: 10.3 in 2011: 0.0 in 2012: 1.0 in 2013: 4.3 in 2014: 0.2 in 1965198319992009
Total snowfall each winter (July to June), last 50 winters.

Median first snow

January 19

Earliest: November 6, 1953

Median last snow

February 14

Latest: April 11, 1918

19 of 76 winters had no measurable snow.

Station Henderson 2 Nnw (USC00313969), 480 ft elevation, 1.6 miles from the city centre. Daily records from 1893 to October 27, 2026; 91.9% of days in the last 30 years are complete. Records at a single station can differ from a city’s official threaded record, which may combine several stations.

NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily.

Federal disaster declarations

23 since 1953. The most recent: Severe Winter Storm, January 24, 2026.

Declarations for Vance County.

Federal disaster declarations
Jan 24, 2026Winter StormSevere Winter StormEmergencyEM-3637-NC
Sep 26, 2024Tropical StormHurricane HeleneEmergencyEM-3617-NC
Aug 6, 2024Tropical StormTropical Storm DebbyEmergencyEM-3608-NC
Oct 1, 2022HurricaneHurricane IanEmergencyEM-3586-NC
Aug 2, 2020HurricaneHurricane IsaiasEmergencyEM-3534-NC
Mar 25, 2020BiologicalCovid-19 PandemicMajor disasterDR-4487-NC
Mar 13, 2020BiologicalCovid-19EmergencyEM-3471-NC
Sep 3, 2019HurricaneHurricane DorianEmergencyEM-3423-NC
Jan 31, 2019HurricaneTropical Storm MichaelMajor disasterDR-4412-NC
Sep 10, 2018HurricaneHurricane FlorenceEmergencyEM-3401-NC
Oct 7, 2016HurricaneHurricane MatthewEmergencyEM-3380-NC
Aug 31, 2011HurricaneHurricane IreneMajor disasterDR-4019-NC
Sep 5, 2005HurricaneHurricane Katrina EvacuationEmergencyEM-3222-NC
Sep 18, 2003HurricaneHurricane IsabelMajor disasterDR-1490-NC
Dec 12, 2002Severe Ice StormSevere Ice StormMajor disasterDR-1448-NC
Jan 31, 2000Severe StormSevere Winter StormMajor disasterDR-1312-NC
Sep 16, 1999HurricaneHurricane Floyd Major Disaster DeclarationsMajor disasterDR-1292-NC
Sep 15, 1999HurricaneHurricane Floyd Emergency DeclarationsEmergencyEM-3146-NC
Sep 6, 1996HurricaneHurricane FranMajor disasterDR-1134-NC
Jan 13, 1996SnowstormBlizzard of 96Major disasterDR-1087-NC
Mar 17, 1993SnowstormSevere Snowfall & Winter StormEmergencyEM-3110-NC
Aug 11, 1977DroughtDroughtEmergencyEM-3049-NC
Mar 2, 1977SnowstormDrought & FreezingEmergencyEM-3033-NC

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries, retrieved October 30, 2026. Statewide declarations are not listed.

Sources and vintage

Every number on this page comes from these public records.

  • Tornadoes NOAA Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, through 2025.
  • Tropical cyclones NOAA National Hurricane Center HURDAT2 (Atlantic; Northeast and Central Pacific), through 2025.
  • Wildfire USGS/USFS Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity, through 2026.
  • Storm events NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, through 2026.
  • Flood insurance OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026.
  • Declarations OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries v2, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Weather records NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily, station USC00313969.
  • River crests NOAA National Weather Service, National Water Prediction Service river gauges, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Drought NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, through September 2026.
  • Smoke NOAA NESDIS Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Earthquakes USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog (ComCat), retrieved October 30, 2026.

Joins, thresholds and known limits are set out in the methodology. Found an error? Report it. Page built October 30, 2026.