Logan County

Population 27,182 (2025) 618 sq mi

Logan County has recorded 73 tornadoes since 1950, 7th most of 102 counties in Illinois; the most recent was on May 20, 2025.

Hazard fingerprint for Logan County Tornado: 97th percentile. Tropical: 0th percentile. Wildfire: 0th percentile. Flood: 52th percentile. Hail & wind: 75th percentile. Heat: 65th percentile. Cold: 46th percentile. Winter: 42th percentile. TORTROPFIREFLOODSEVEREHEATCOLDWINTER

Hazard fingerprint Each spoke is this county’s percentile among U.S. counties where that hazard occurs. How it is computed

2026
  • Tornado damage paths since 195073

At a glance

The record for Logan County in eight numbers. Each links to its section below.

Tornadoes since 1950

73

7th of 102 in Illinois

2.4 times the typical Illinois county

Details

Flood insurance claims

58

60th of 102 in Illinois

$113,000 paid since 1979

Details

Strongest tornado

F4

May 5, 1977, 7.3 mile path

Largest earthquake within 50 mi

4.5magnitude

July 18, 1909, 10.7 miles away

Details

Federal disaster declarations

12

Most recent: Severe Storms and Flooding, 2023

Details

Record high

113°F

July 15, 1936

Details

Record low

−34°F

January 15, 1927

Details

Snowiest season

46.2in

Winter of 2013-14

Tornadoes

About one tornado a year since 1950, 7 of them rated F3/EF3 or stronger.

Strongest

May 5, 1977

F4, 7.3 mile path

1,000 yards wide.

Deadliest

June 27, 1951

1 killed, F3

15 injured along the whole path.

Most recent

Tuesday, May 20, 2025

EFU, 1.1 mile path

Within the past year.

Tornadoes by decade Doppler radar era² 1950s: 5 5 1960s: 2 2 1970s: 8 8 1980s: 4 4 1990s: 10 10 2000s: 29 29 2010s: 4 4 2020s: 11 11 1950s1960s1970s1980s1990s2000s2010s2020s
Recorded tornadoes per decade. The 2020s are incomplete.
Tornadoes by month J: 1 F: 0 M: 8 A: 19 19 M: 18 J: 17 J: 4 A: 2 S: 3 O: 0 N: 1 D: 0 JFMAMJJASOND
By month of occurrence, all years.

Every recorded tornado

Tornadoes in Logan County since 1950
May 20, 2025EFU1.13000
May 13, 2025EFU0.11000
Apr 2, 2025EF012.73000
Apr 18, 2024EF12.130000
Apr 18, 2024EF13.820010
Jun 29, 2023EF114.280000
Jun 29, 2023EF14.810000
Mar 31, 2023EF221.020000
Jan 3, 2023EFU0.01000
Aug 1, 2022EF11.96000
Jun 26, 2021EF00.27500
Sep 29, 2019EF02.75000
May 22, 2019EF12.710000
May 22, 2019EF115.215000
Jun 5, 2010EF05.930000
Aug 19, 2009EF324.3880190
Mar 28, 2007EF00.11000
Apr 30, 2006F00.75000
Apr 18, 2006F00.15020
Apr 13, 2006F03.812500
Apr 13, 2006F00.110000
Apr 2, 2006F02.55000
Apr 2, 2006F01.08000
Mar 12, 2006F110.040000
Mar 12, 2006F23.520000
Mar 12, 2006F22.540000
Jul 3, 2004F00.11000
Jul 3, 2004F00.11000
May 30, 2004F00.14030
Sep 26, 2003F10.85000
Jun 11, 2003F00.11000
Jun 11, 2003F00.11000
Jun 11, 2003F00.11000
May 30, 2003F214.088000
May 30, 2003F00.11000
May 30, 2003F05.05000
May 28, 2003F01.22000
May 28, 2003F00.11000
Apr 4, 2003F00.11000
Apr 4, 2003F11.03000
Jun 20, 2000F00.310000
May 18, 2000F02.52000
May 12, 2000F00.32000
Apr 20, 2000F00.21000
Jun 4, 1999F00.12000
Jun 4, 1999F02.510020
Jun 4, 1999F00.12000
May 19, 1998F00.23000
May 12, 1998F00.13000
Apr 7, 1998F00.13000
Apr 7, 1998F00.13000
Jun 6, 1996F08.55000
Apr 19, 1996F39.488000
May 9, 1995F350.088060
Mar 28, 1985F24.580000
May 30, 1982F00.11000
Apr 13, 1981F146.110000
Sep 16, 1980F00.11000
May 5, 1977F47.31,00020
Nov 29, 1975F10.11010
Jun 1, 1975F00.11000
Apr 3, 1974F116.717700
Jul 23, 1973F00.11000
Jul 23, 1973F00.11000
Jun 16, 1973F00.11000
Jun 19, 1972F10.11010
May 15, 1968F312.6600250
Apr 30, 1960F10.23000
Mar 14, 1957F20.11000
Mar 12, 1954F138.61030
Apr 9, 1953F26.53030
Jun 27, 1951F318.2200151
Jun 27, 1951F39.6300350
  1. Injuries and deaths are for the tornado’s whole path, which may extend beyond the county. Deaths recorded within Logan County: 1.
  2. Weak tornadoes were under-recorded before Doppler radar coverage became national in the early 1990s, so earlier decades read low. Ratings use the Fujita scale before February 2007 and the Enhanced Fujita scale after.

Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, 1950 to 2025.

Hurricanes and tropical storms

No tropical storm or hurricane has tracked within 100 miles since records began in 1851.

Wildfire and smoke

No large wildfire has been mapped here since satellite mapping began in 1984.

Smoke overhead

Smokiest year

2023: 56 days

Heavy smoke on 16 days in 2021, the most of any year.

Last 10 years

21.4 days a year

Medium or heavy smoke, 2016 to 2025.

2025

16 days

Medium or heavy smoke. 37 so far in 2026.

Days with medium or heavy smoke overhead, by year 2011: 11 2012: 14 2013: 11 2014: 8 2015: 17 2016: 2 2017: 6 2018: 15 2019: 11 2020: 16 2021: 49 2022: 14 2023: 56 56 2024: 29 2025: 16 201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022202320242025
Days each year on which a satellite-traced plume of medium or heavy smoke covered the county’s population centre, 2011 to 2025.
  1. A smoke day is a date on which a smoke plume traced by NOAA Hazard Mapping System analysts from satellite imagery covered this place's point (the county's population centre or the city centre). Counts here are of medium or heavy smoke. Since 2018 analysts have often drawn light smoke as one area over most of the continent, so light-smoke counts are not comparable from year to year. The plumes show smoke anywhere in the air above, not air quality at the ground, and smoke hidden by cloud is missed.

NOAA Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, 2011 to 2026, retrieved October 30, 2026.

Floods and flood insurance

58 federal flood insurance claims since 1979, with $113,000 paid.

Federal flood insurance claims by year 1979: 10 1981: 11 1982: 14 14 1979
Claims per year since 1979. Years with fewer than five claims are not shown.

Most claims in one year

1982: 14 claims

$26,000 paid.

2nd most

1981: 11 claims

$6,128 paid.

3rd most

1979: 10 claims

$25,000 paid.

Claims by ZIP code

Flood insurance claims by ZIP code
6265650$109,000

Flood events since 1996

  • Flash Flood45
  • Flood5
  • Heavy Rain1

1 death recorded in flood events since 1996.

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026. NOAA Storm Events through 2026.

Drought

In severe drought or worse for 123 of 1,581 months since 1895 (8%); the longest spell lasted 15 months.

123

Months in severe drought or worse since 1895

51

Months in extreme drought

8%

Share of all months, severe or worse

17

Drought reports to the Weather Service since 1996

Lowest reading

June 1934

−6.02, extreme drought

Longest severe spell

15 months

June 1940 to August 1941.

Latest month

September 2026

+0.86, incipient wet spell

Last severe month: February 2026.

Months in severe drought or worse, by year 1895: 0 1896: 0 1897: 0 1898: 0 1899: 0 1900: 0 1901: 0 1902: 3 1903: 0 1904: 0 1905: 0 1906: 0 1907: 0 1908: 2 1909: 1 1910: 0 1911: 2 1912: 0 1913: 0 1914: 7 1915: 4 1916: 0 1917: 1 1918: 1 1919: 0 1920: 0 1921: 0 1922: 0 1923: 0 1924: 0 1925: 0 1926: 0 1927: 0 1928: 0 1929: 0 1930: 2 1931: 8 1932: 0 1933: 1 1934: 7 1935: 0 1936: 2 1937: 0 1938: 0 1939: 0 1940: 10 1941: 8 1942: 0 1943: 0 1944: 4 1945: 3 1946: 0 1947: 0 1948: 0 1949: 0 1950: 0 1951: 0 1952: 0 1953: 2 1954: 11 11 1955: 1 1956: 0 1957: 0 1958: 0 1959: 0 1960: 0 1961: 0 1962: 0 1963: 4 1964: 5 1965: 0 1966: 0 1967: 0 1968: 0 1969: 0 1970: 0 1971: 0 1972: 0 1973: 0 1974: 0 1975: 0 1976: 0 1977: 0 1978: 0 1979: 2 1980: 7 1981: 0 1982: 0 1983: 0 1984: 0 1985: 0 1986: 0 1987: 1 1988: 7 1989: 3 1990: 0 1991: 0 1992: 0 1993: 0 1994: 0 1995: 0 1996: 0 1997: 0 1998: 0 1999: 0 2000: 0 2001: 0 2002: 0 2003: 0 2004: 0 2005: 6 2006: 3 2007: 0 2008: 0 2009: 0 2010: 0 2011: 0 2012: 4 2013: 0 2014: 0 2015: 0 2016: 0 2017: 0 2018: 0 2019: 0 2020: 0 2021: 0 2022: 0 2023: 0 2024: 0 2025: 0 18951905191519251935194519551965197519851995200520152025
Months each year with a Palmer index of −3 or lower, 1895 to 2025. Twelve means the whole year.
  1. The Palmer Drought Severity Index is computed by NOAA each month from the county's average temperature and precipitation, relative to the county's own climate. Zero is normal; -3 or lower is severe drought and -4 or lower extreme drought. It describes the long-term balance of moisture, not water supply or crop losses.

NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, 1895 to September 2026, issued October 6, 2026.

Earthquakes

1 earthquake of magnitude 4 or more within 50 miles since 1900; the largest was magnitude 4.5 in 1909.

0

Magnitude 2.5+ inside the county since 1973

1

Magnitude 3+ within 50 miles since 1973

1

Magnitude 4+ within 50 miles since 1900

0

Magnitude 5+ within 50 miles since 1900

Largest within 50 miles

July 18, 1909

Magnitude 4.5

Near Petersburg, Illinois; 10.7 miles away.

Most recent, magnitude 3 or more

January 20, 2026

Magnitude 3.8

4 km NW of Ohlman, Illinois; 37.9 miles away.

Every earthquake of magnitude 4 or more within 50 miles

Earthquakes of magnitude 4 or more within 50 miles
Jul 18, 19094.510.7—Near Petersburg, Illinois
  1. Earthquakes of magnitude 2.5 or more in the USGS Comprehensive Catalog since 1900. Within 50 miles means the epicentre lies within 50 miles of the county boundary (or inside the county).
  2. Small earthquakes were under-recorded before the modern seismic networks of the 1970s and are still missed in remote areas, so early decades read low. Magnitudes are as the catalogue reports them and mix scales (moment, local and body-wave).

USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog, 1900 to present, retrieved October 30, 2026.

Severe weather and other events

685 events in the National Weather Service record, 609 of them since 1996.

83

Hail reports, 1 inch or larger

8

Hail, 2 inches or larger

252

Damaging gusts, 58 mph+

57

Winter weather events since 1996

14

Heat events since 1996

9

Cold events since 1996

Largest hail

August 18, 2001

3.75 inches

Strongest measured or estimated gust

April 4, 2003

100 mph

More event types since 1996

Other Storm Events types since 1996
Lightning600Aug 2, 2022
Dust storms and dust devils306May 4, 2026
Dense fog and smoke210Sep 25, 2009

Costliest events since 1996

  1. Aug 19, 2009Tornado$7.2 million
    National Weather Service narrative

    The tornado moved into Logan county from Sangamon county at 326 PM CST and continued heading northeast. It widened to 1/2 mile at several locations along its path. The tornado destroyed 7 houses and damaged 15 others. Numerous grain bins and outbuildings were also destroyed. Crop losses were extensive along the 20 mile path and were estimated to be around $1 Million. Two people sustained injuries when the shed they were seeking shelter in was destroyed.||Wind speeds were estimated at 140 mph as the tornado crossed from Sangamon County, decreasing to 110 to 120 mph as it moved to areas between Lincoln and Mt. Pulaski. The tornado continued northeast before weakening to speeds of 90…

  2. Apr 13, 2006Tornado$2.5 million
    National Weather Service narrative

    A tornado touched down on the northeast side of Lincoln. It tracked through a small subdivision, just northeast of the Logan County Airport. The tornado damaged roofs, siding and outbuildings, and blew down numerous trees and power lines. In addition, before lifting, the tornado damaged several barns in a rural area to the east of Lincoln.

  3. May 30, 2003Tornado$2.5 million
    National Weather Service narrative

    A tornado touched down 4 miles north of the Lincoln Weather Service Office, just southwest of Lawndale (Logan County). It traveled to the southeast blowing down numerous trees, tree limbs, power lines and power poles. It destroyed a mobile home, shoved a two-story house 15 feet off its foundation, destroyed several sheds and barns. Six to seven other homes sustained minor to major damage due to the tornado. It crossed from Logan County into DeWitt County just north of Illinois Route 10 near Beason. No injuries were reported.

  4. Apr 29, 2017Thunderstorm Wind$2.0 million
    National Weather Service narrative

    A downburst with estimated 80mph winds impacted locations from Middeltown to 1.5 miles north of Burton View between 4:56 PM CDT and 5:15 PM CDT. 43 homes were damaged by falling trees and 29 power poles were snapped. Several large outbuildings and two grain bins were severely damaged. In addition, tree limbs were blown onto a car in Middletown.

  5. Jun 28, 1998Thunderstorm Wind$1.0 million
    National Weather Service narrative

    Thunderstorm winds, which were gusting to 79 mph at the weather service office, caused considerable damage throughout Logan county. The winds blew down hundreds of trees, tree limbs, power poles, and power lines. One mile north of Broadwell, an equipment shed was destroyed. Several homes sustained damage from fallen trees and/or tree limbs. One woman was slightly injured when a fireworks tent that she was working in blew down.

  6. Apr 29, 1998Flash Flood$1.0 million
    National Weather Service narrative

    A series of thunderstorms developed over Logan and Mclean Counties...mainly along I-55. The Weather Service office in Lincoln recorded 4 inches of rain in 3 hours. Various other sites recorded between 2 to 3 inches in a short amount of time that evening. The heavy rain was rather localized and areas most affected by the flash flooding were between Lincoln and Ellsworth. In Logan County, over a thousand buildings sustained some kind of water damage with 150 homes having between 6 inches and 4 feet of water in their homes or basements. Fifteen businesses sustained extensive damage. In McLean County, the flash flooding was less damaging with a few areas reporting water in basements,…

  7. Aug 13, 2011Hail$800,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Large hail which increased in size from 1.00 in diameter to 2.50 in diameter damaged roofs and numerous cars in Mount Pulaski. A soybean field just southwest of the city was also destroyed.

  8. Apr 20, 2000Thunderstorm Wind$750,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    As a line of severe thunderstorms raced across Logan County, extensive damage was reported in northern sections of the county from San Jose to Atlanta. In San Jose, a mobile home was blown off of its foundation. No injuries were reported. In the Emden area, 3 homes sustained major damage and one home sustained minor damage. Also, numerous outbuildings and grain bins were either damaged or destroyed. Two miles east of Emden, a semi was blown over on the off ramp of I-155. The driver received minor injuries.

  9. Dec 1, 2006Winter Storm, Logan$550,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Declared state and federal disaster area. Snow accumulation of 3 to 5 inches fell on top of 1 to 2 inches of ice accumulation.

  10. Jun 29, 1998Thunderstorm Wind$500,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    A large bow echo system developed over eastern Iowa and moved rapidly to the southeast into Illinois. It moved into Central Illinois's County Warning Area (CWA) around 4 pm in Knox County and exited the CWA (Lawrence County) around 830 pm. Damage was reported in all 35 counties with this system. The overall general area of wind damage was produced by the passage of the bow echo's "gust front" on the leading edge of the line of thunderstorms. Wind speeds were measured or estimated to be between 60 to 80 mph, blowing down or uprooting thousands of trees, tree limbs, power poles, and power lines. Hundreds of trees fell onto structures causing damage ranging from just torn guttering…

  1. Storm Events records before 1996 cover only tornadoes, thunderstorm wind and hail. Damage figures are as reported by the National Weather Service at the time, not adjusted for inflation.

NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, 1950 to 2026, issued October 26, 2026.

Weather records

From Lincoln, 1.4 miles from the county’s population centre, with records from 1906.

All-time high
113°FJul 15, 1936
All-time low
−34°FJan 15, 1927
Warmest night
81°FAug 4, 1930
Coldest day
−10°FDec 25, 1983
Wettest day
5.22 inMay 12, 1914
Snowiest day
13.0 inFeb 23, 1914
Hottest year
1921mean 56.7°F
Coldest year
2014mean 49.0°F
Wettest year
200856.25 in
Driest year
194023.87 in
Snowiest season
46.2 in2013-14
Average monthly high and low temperature and precipitation, last 30 years, Lincoln 32°F 34° 17° 2.1 Jan 39° 21° 2.0 Feb 52° 31° 2.9 Mar 64° 41° 3.9 Apr 75° 52° 4.0 May 83° 61° 4.4 Jun 85° 64° 4.5 Jul 84° 61° 3.7 Aug 80° 54° 3.0 Sep 67° 42° 3.3 Oct 52° 32° 2.6 Nov 40° 23° 2.3 Dec Precipitation, inches
Average daily high and low by month, and average monthly precipitation, over the last 30 years.
Nights at or below freezing per year 1976: 132 1977: 108 1978: 130 1979: 126 1980: 129 1981: 122 1982: 122 1983: 122 1984: 121 1991: 110 1992: 106 1993: 135 1994: 116 1995: 132 1996: 153 153 1997: 138 1998: 101 1999: 133 2000: 131 2001: 117 2002: 133 2003: 127 2004: 125 2005: 118 2006: 110 2007: 130 2008: 131 2009: 121 2010: 128 2011: 117 2012: 120 2013: 142 2014: 141 2015: 117 2016: 105 2017: 103 2018: 143 2019: 133 2020: 122 2021: 114 2022: 127 2023: 109 2024: 110 2025: 123 19761992200220122022
Nights at or below freezing each complete year, last 50 years. Thirty-year average: 124.1.
Snowfall by winter 1976: 26.5 in 1977: 38.3 in 1978: 30.1 in 1979: 16.5 in 1980: 21.0 in 1981: 45.0 in 1982: 9.0 in 1983: 20.8 in 1984: 9.9 in 1985: 22.6 in 1986: 20.5 in 1988: 14.8 in 1991: 12.5 in 1992: 26.8 in 1997: 18.5 in 1998: 29.2 in 1999: 19.6 in 2000: 27.1 in 2001: 9.7 in 2002: 22.1 in 2003: 17.0 in 2004: 14.3 in 2005: 17.6 in 2006: 27.0 in 2007: 27.5 in 2008: 16.6 in 2009: 23.5 in 2010: 30.9 in 2011: 7.0 in 2012: 23.0 in 2013: 46.2 in 46.2 2014: 21.9 in 2015: 12.3 in 2016: 10.9 in 2017: 17.3 in 2018: 33.9 in 2019: 21.6 in 2020: 22.5 in 2021: 25.7 in 2022: 7.6 in 2023: 12.4 in 2024: 14.0 in 2025: 29.1 in 19761986200320132023
Total snowfall each winter (July to June), last 50 winters.

Median first snow

November 30

Earliest: October 20, 1916

Median last snow

March 19

Latest: April 24, 1910

1 of 110 winters had no measurable snow.

Station Lincoln (USC00115079), 583 ft elevation, 1.4 miles from the population centre. Daily records from 1906 to October 26, 2026; 99.5% of days in the last 30 years are complete. Records at a single station can differ from a city’s official threaded record, which may combine several stations.

NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily.

Federal disaster declarations

12 since 1953. The most recent: Severe Storms and Flooding, August 15, 2023.

Federal disaster declarations
Aug 15, 2023Severe StormSevere Storms and FloodingMajor disasterDR-4728-IL
Mar 26, 2020BiologicalCovid-19 PandemicMajor disasterDR-4489-IL
Mar 13, 2020BiologicalCovid-19EmergencyEM-3435-IL
Mar 17, 2011SnowstormSevere Winter Storm and SnowstormMajor disasterDR-1960-IL
Feb 9, 2007Severe Ice StormSevere Winter StormMajor disasterDR-1681-IL
Mar 28, 2006Severe StormTornadoes and Severe StormsMajor disasterDR-1633-IL
Sep 7, 2005HurricaneHurricane Katrina EvacuationEmergencyEM-3230-IL
May 21, 2002TornadoSevere Storms, Tornadoes and FloodingMajor disasterDR-1416-IL
Jan 8, 1999SnowstormIl-Winter Storm 1/1/99EmergencyEM-3134-IL
Jun 10, 1974FloodSevere Storms & FloodingMajor disasterDR-438-IL
Apr 26, 1973FloodSevere Storms & FloodingMajor disasterDR-373-IL
Jun 5, 1968TornadoTornadoes, Severe Storms & FloodingMajor disasterDR-242-IL

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries, retrieved October 30, 2026. Statewide declarations are not listed.

How this compares

Where Logan County stands among 102 counties in Illinois and 3,143 in the United States.

Ranks
Tornadoes since 1950737 / 102150 / 3,143
Tornadoes rated F3/EF3 or stronger73 / 102104 / 3,143
Tropical cyclones within 50 mi0——
Hurricane-strength passes within 50 mi0——
Wildfire acres since 19840——
Flood insurance claims5860 / 1021,576 / 3,143
Flood insurance paid$113,00087 / 1022,327 / 3,143
Disaster declarations1247 / 1022,631 / 3,143
Flood events since 19965153 / 1021,389 / 3,143
Hail and wind events since 199640220 / 102727 / 3,143
Winter storm events since 19965761 / 1021,781 / 3,143
Reported damage since 1996$23.6 million34 / 1021,353 / 3,143
River crests at major flood stage0——
High tide flooding days a year, last 10 years0.0——
Months in severe drought since 189512374 / 1021,664 / 3,143
Medium or heavy smoke days a year, last 10 years21.444 / 102912 / 3,143
Earthquakes M4+ within 50 mi since 1900185 / 1021,397 / 3,143
Earthquakes M2.5+ in the county since 19730——

Neighbouring counties

Neighbouring counties
De Witt County260059
Macon County7900208
Mason County4100452
McLean County12200188
Menard County160035
Sangamon County9300293
Tazewell County7300345

Sources and vintage

Every number on this page comes from these public records.

  • Tornadoes NOAA Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, through 2025.
  • Tropical cyclones NOAA National Hurricane Center HURDAT2 (Atlantic; Northeast and Central Pacific), through 2025.
  • Wildfire USGS/USFS Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity, through 2026.
  • Storm events NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, through 2026.
  • Flood insurance OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026.
  • Declarations OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries v2, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Weather records NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily, station USC00115079.
  • River crests NOAA National Weather Service, National Water Prediction Service river gauges, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Drought NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, through September 2026.
  • Smoke NOAA NESDIS Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Earthquakes USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog (ComCat), retrieved October 30, 2026.

Joins, thresholds and known limits are set out in the methodology. Found an error? Report it. Page built October 30, 2026.