Fulton County

Population 20,091 (2025) 368 sq mi

Fulton County has recorded 15 tornadoes since 1950, 70th most of 92 counties in Indiana; the most recent was on March 19, 2025.

Hazard fingerprint for Fulton County Tornado: 53th percentile. Tropical: 0th percentile. Wildfire: 0th percentile. Flood: 29th percentile. Hail & wind: 65th percentile. Heat: 0th percentile. Cold: 34th percentile. Winter: 60th percentile. TORTROPFIREFLOODSEVEREHEATCOLDWINTER

Hazard fingerprint Each spoke is this county’s percentile among U.S. counties where that hazard occurs. How it is computed

2026
  • Tornado damage paths since 195015
  • Major flood years since 19783

At a glance

The record for Fulton County in eight numbers. Each links to its section below.

Tornadoes since 1950

15

70th of 92 in Indiana

Fewer than the typical Indiana county, which has had 23

Details

Flood insurance claims

173

27th of 92 in Indiana

$2.2 million paid since 1981

Details

Strongest tornado

F4

April 3, 1974, 108.7 mile path

Federal disaster declarations

18

Most recent: Severe Storms, Straight-Line Winds, Tornadoes, and Flooding, 2026

Details

Record high

109°F

July 22, 1934

Details

Record low

−30°F

December 28, 1924

Details

Snowiest season

81.1in

Winter of 1981-82

Costliest event since 1996

$250K

Flood, February 20, 2018

Details

Tornadoes

About one every 5.1 years since 1950, 4 of them rated F3/EF3 or stronger.

Strongest

April 3, 1974

F4, 108.7 mile path

1,760 yards wide; 18 killed along the whole path.

Most recent

Wednesday, March 19, 2025

EF0, 2.7 mile path

Within the past year.

Tornadoes by decade Doppler radar era² 1950s: 4 4 1960s: 0 1970s: 4 4 1980s: 2 2 1990s: 2 2 2000s: 1 1 2010s: 1 1 2020s: 1 1 1950s1960s1970s1980s1990s2000s2010s2020s
Recorded tornadoes per decade. The 2020s are incomplete.
Tornadoes by month J: 0 F: 0 M: 1 A: 4 M: 1 J: 7 7 J: 0 A: 1 S: 1 O: 0 N: 0 D: 0 JFMAMJJASOND
By month of occurrence, all years.

Every recorded tornado

Tornadoes in Fulton County since 1950
Mar 19, 2025EF02.710000
May 27, 2019EF313.780000
Aug 13, 2005F10.87500
Jun 7, 1995F10.520100
Apr 26, 1994F220.044000
Sep 1, 1989F21.550030
Jun 3, 1989F00.23030
Jun 17, 1975F00.12300
Jun 14, 1975F00.22300
Apr 3, 1974F4108.71,76028518
Jun 26, 1970F111.92000
Jun 14, 1957F30.11000
Apr 26, 1957F00.11000
Apr 3, 1956F24.15000
Jun 21, 1951F35.41,76040
  1. Injuries and deaths are for the tornado’s whole path, which may extend beyond the county. Deaths recorded within Fulton County: 6.
  2. Weak tornadoes were under-recorded before Doppler radar coverage became national in the early 1990s, so earlier decades read low. Ratings use the Fujita scale before February 2007 and the Enhanced Fujita scale after.

Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, 1950 to 2025.

Hurricanes and tropical storms

No tropical storm or hurricane has tracked within 100 miles since records began in 1851.

Wildfire and smoke

No large wildfire has been mapped here since satellite mapping began in 1984.

Smoke overhead

Smokiest year

2023: 66 days

Heavy smoke on 14 days in 2023, the most of any year.

Last 10 years

21.9 days a year

Medium or heavy smoke, 2016 to 2025.

2025

16 days

Medium or heavy smoke. 40 so far in 2026.

Days with medium or heavy smoke overhead, by year 2011: 6 2012: 8 2013: 7 2014: 14 2015: 12 2016: 2 2017: 11 2018: 13 2019: 10 2020: 12 2021: 47 2022: 15 2023: 66 66 2024: 27 2025: 16 201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022202320242025
Days each year on which a satellite-traced plume of medium or heavy smoke covered the county’s population centre, 2011 to 2025.
  1. A smoke day is a date on which a smoke plume traced by NOAA Hazard Mapping System analysts from satellite imagery covered this place's point (the county's population centre or the city centre). Counts here are of medium or heavy smoke. Since 2018 analysts have often drawn light smoke as one area over most of the continent, so light-smoke counts are not comparable from year to year. The plumes show smoke anywhere in the air above, not air quality at the ground, and smoke hidden by cloud is missed.

NOAA Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, 2011 to 2026, retrieved October 30, 2026.

Floods and flood insurance

173 federal flood insurance claims since 1981, with $2.2 million paid.

Federal flood insurance claims by year 1981: 12 1982: 20 1985: 18 1990: 31 1993: 5 2008: 33 33 2009: 29 2013: 6 2018: 7 19812008
Claims per year since 1981. Years with fewer than five claims are not shown.

Most claims in one year

2008: 33 claims

$606,000 paid.

2nd most

1990: 31 claims

$248,000 paid.

3rd most

2009: 29 claims

$642,000 paid.

Claims by ZIP code

Flood insurance claims by ZIP code
46975129$1.6 million
4692218$218,000
465118$166,000
469517$41,000

Flood events since 1996

  • Flood9
  • Flash Flood3

2 deaths recorded in flood events since 1996.

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026. NOAA Storm Events through 2026.

Drought

In severe drought or worse for 141 of 1,581 months since 1895 (9%); the longest spell lasted 15 months.

141

Months in severe drought or worse since 1895

45

Months in extreme drought

9%

Share of all months, severe or worse

Lowest reading

July 1934

−5.26, extreme drought

Longest severe spell

15 months

July 1940 to September 1941.

Latest month

September 2026

+3.07, very wet

Last severe month: March 2026.

Months in severe drought or worse, by year 1895: 6 1896: 0 1897: 3 1898: 0 1899: 5 1900: 5 1901: 5 1902: 0 1903: 0 1904: 0 1905: 0 1906: 0 1907: 0 1908: 3 1909: 0 1910: 0 1911: 0 1912: 0 1913: 0 1914: 3 1915: 4 1916: 0 1917: 0 1918: 0 1919: 0 1920: 0 1921: 1 1922: 2 1923: 0 1924: 0 1925: 1 1926: 0 1927: 0 1928: 0 1929: 0 1930: 1 1931: 7 1932: 0 1933: 0 1934: 3 1935: 0 1936: 1 1937: 0 1938: 0 1939: 1 1940: 10 1941: 9 1942: 0 1943: 0 1944: 3 1945: 2 1946: 0 1947: 0 1948: 0 1949: 0 1950: 0 1951: 0 1952: 0 1953: 2 1954: 2 1955: 0 1956: 2 1957: 3 1958: 0 1959: 0 1960: 0 1961: 0 1962: 0 1963: 6 1964: 11 11 1965: 0 1966: 0 1967: 0 1968: 0 1969: 0 1970: 0 1971: 0 1972: 0 1973: 0 1974: 0 1975: 0 1976: 0 1977: 5 1978: 2 1979: 0 1980: 0 1981: 0 1982: 0 1983: 0 1984: 0 1985: 0 1986: 0 1987: 0 1988: 2 1989: 0 1990: 0 1991: 0 1992: 0 1993: 0 1994: 0 1995: 0 1996: 0 1997: 0 1998: 0 1999: 2 2000: 4 2001: 0 2002: 2 2003: 4 2004: 0 2005: 1 2006: 0 2007: 0 2008: 0 2009: 0 2010: 0 2011: 0 2012: 8 2013: 0 2014: 0 2015: 0 2016: 0 2017: 0 2018: 0 2019: 0 2020: 1 2021: 4 2022: 0 2023: 0 2024: 0 2025: 2 18951905191519251935194519551965197519851995200520152025
Months each year with a Palmer index of −3 or lower, 1895 to 2025. Twelve means the whole year.
  1. The Palmer Drought Severity Index is computed by NOAA each month from the county's average temperature and precipitation, relative to the county's own climate. Zero is normal; -3 or lower is severe drought and -4 or lower extreme drought. It describes the long-term balance of moisture, not water supply or crop losses.

NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, 1895 to September 2026, issued October 6, 2026.

Earthquakes

2 earthquakes of magnitude 2.5 or more within 50 miles since 2010; none reached magnitude 4.

0

Magnitude 2.5+ inside the county since 1973

2

Magnitude 3+ within 50 miles since 1973

0

Magnitude 4+ within 50 miles since 1900

0

Magnitude 5+ within 50 miles since 1900

Largest within 50 miles

December 30, 2010

Magnitude 3.8

6 km SE of Greentown, Indiana; 35.7 miles away, 3.1 miles deep.

Most recent, magnitude 3 or more

January 26, 2012

Magnitude 3.0

5 km NE of Topeka, Indiana; 41.3 miles away.

  1. Earthquakes of magnitude 2.5 or more in the USGS Comprehensive Catalog since 1900. Within 50 miles means the epicentre lies within 50 miles of the county boundary (or inside the county).
  2. Small earthquakes were under-recorded before the modern seismic networks of the 1970s and are still missed in remote areas, so early decades read low. Magnitudes are as the catalogue reports them and mix scales (moment, local and body-wave).

USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog, 1900 to present, retrieved October 30, 2026.

Severe weather and other events

341 events in the National Weather Service record, 303 of them since 1996.

46

Hail reports, 1 inch or larger

3

Hail, 2 inches or larger

102

Damaging gusts, 58 mph+

82

Winter weather events since 1996

0

Heat events since 1996

6

Cold events since 1996

Largest hail

June 19, 2009

4.50 inches

Strongest measured or estimated gust

May 15, 2007

79 mph

More event types since 1996

Other Storm Events types since 1996
Lightning402Aug 7, 2011
Dense fog and smoke100Jan 12, 2005

Costliest events since 1996

  1. Feb 20, 2018Flood$250,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Extensive flooding was reported around the Tippecanoe River and its associated basin, with several roads suffering damage from partial to full washouts. Damage has been estimated in excess of 250,000 dollars.

  2. Mar 10, 2009Flood$200,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Numerous roads were flooded with standing water ranging from six inches to a few feet in depth. Flooding occurred along the Tippecanoe River which flows through the northern part of the county. Little Yellow Creek, which is fed by the Tippecanoe River, rose dramatically over a 24 hour period as rainfall amounts of 2 to 4 inches were observed. This high water resulted in a portion of County Road 825 East, north of County Road 600 North, being washed out, roughly 12 feet deep. The road gave way under a SUV that was traveling along the road. This SUV made it across, but a second SUV behind this first did not and got wedged in the opening. The father of the female driver attempted to…

  3. May 15, 2007Thunderstorm Wind$150,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    At least 6 homes were damaged by trees or tree limbs, with numerous other homes suffering lost shingles, siding and fascia. Numerous vehicles were also damaged from falling trees. Damage of at least $150,000 is estimated.

  4. Jul 22, 1998Flash Flood$150,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    40 PERCENT OF THE COUNTIES ROADS WERE REPORTED WASHED OUT. ONE MAN WAS INJURED WHEN HE DROVE HIS VEHICLE INTO A FALLEN TREE LIMB. HE SUFFERED CUTS AND BRUISES.

  5. Jan 8, 2008Flood$125,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Numerous roads across Fulton county were at least partially, if not fully impassable with flood waters from low areas, creeks, streams and rivers. County officials closed all roads to general travel from the evening of January 8th to the morning hours of the 9th. Reports of a Chevy Tahoe in deep water with children trapped was received by dispatch centers in Fulton and Kosciusko counties around 750 am Tuesday morning. The vehicle was located on County Road 600 North between 825 and 900 East near the Fulton/Kosciusko county line. The driver of the vehicle, a 29 year old female, reported coming over the top of a hill and unknowningly drove into flowing water over 600 North. By the…

  6. Jun 15, 2008Hail$100,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    County officials also reported numerous trees and power lines down across the southern part of the county.

  7. Sep 28, 1999Thunderstorm Wind$100,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    This storm intially developed over white county and intensified as it moved rapidly northeast eventually becoming supercellular across southwestern Fulton county. Initially the public reported a tornado in the Nyona lake area but it was later confirmed by a NWS storm survey team that a microburst had occurred in that area from 2 miles north of the lake to 1 mile south. Numerous trees had limbs broken off and several large pine trees were snapped off taking down many power lines. Extensive damage also occurred to three homes and at least two vehicles from fallen trees. Additionally three boats on the lake were flipped over.

  8. Apr 16, 2006Hail$75,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Hail ranging from penny to softball size was reported in and around the city of Rochester. While damage amounts are estimated, local newspaper articles reported damage to several vehicles as well as siding and roof damage.

  9. Aug 15, 2007Thunderstorm Wind$25,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Trees and tree limbs were blown down onto two mobile homes and a house, as well as several local roads. Damage is estimated at $25,000.

  10. Aug 13, 2005Tornado$25,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    The tornado, which reached a maximum intensity of F1, only lasted for about 2 minutes. The tornado touched down at around 351pm EST about 1/2 mile west of the town of Fulton along Indiana State Route 114. Damage at this location included several large trees and power lines down and a utility trailer which rolled over. There was also minor damage to several homes. This damage was consistent with a tornado of F1 intensity. The tornado continued to produce sporadic damage until reaching just south of the town of Fulton along county road 100 West before lifting off the ground. There was damage to a roof near the end of the tornado path which was consistent with F0 damage. A portion of…

  1. Storm Events records before 1996 cover only tornadoes, thunderstorm wind and hail. Damage figures are as reported by the National Weather Service at the time, not adjusted for inflation.

NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, 1950 to 2026, issued October 26, 2026.

Weather records

From Rochester, 0.6 miles from the county’s population centre, with records from 1904.

All-time high
109°FJul 22, 1934
All-time low
−30°FDec 28, 1924
Warmest night
80°FJun 9, 1914
Coldest day
−14°FJan 19, 1994
Wettest day
6.25 inAug 18, 1990
Snowiest day
14.0 in2 times, most recently Jan 3, 1999
Hottest year
1931mean 54.4°F
Coldest year
1978mean 46.7°F
Wettest year
199062.12 in
Driest year
195326.50 in
Snowiest season
81.1 in1981-82
Average monthly high and low temperature and precipitation, last 30 years, Rochester 32°F 32° 18° 2.7 Jan 37° 20° 2.3 Feb 49° 29° 2.8 Mar 61° 39° 3.8 Apr 71° 50° 4.3 May 81° 60° 4.4 Jun 83° 63° 4.6 Jul 82° 61° 4.2 Aug 77° 54° 3.0 Sep 64° 43° 3.2 Oct 50° 32° 2.6 Nov 38° 24° 2.5 Dec Precipitation, inches
Average daily high and low by month, and average monthly precipitation, over the last 30 years.
Nights at or below freezing per year 1976: 160 160 1977: 130 1978: 155 1979: 140 1980: 148 1981: 141 1982: 135 1983: 148 1984: 117 1985: 114 1986: 127 1987: 132 1988: 143 1989: 151 1990: 130 1991: 128 1992: 123 1993: 134 1994: 125 1995: 136 1996: 149 1997: 147 1998: 100 1999: 127 2000: 126 2001: 128 2002: 137 2003: 133 2004: 119 2005: 121 2006: 113 2007: 131 2008: 134 2009: 124 2010: 130 2011: 123 2012: 122 2015: 120 2016: 111 2017: 110 2018: 152 2019: 133 2020: 132 2021: 135 2022: 128 2023: 111 2024: 103 2025: 136 19761986199620062018
Nights at or below freezing each complete year, last 50 years. Thirty-year average: 126.2.
Snowfall by winter 1978: 26.7 in 1979: 26.0 in 1980: 36.0 in 1981: 81.1 in 81.1 1982: 14.5 in 1983: 53.2 in 1985: 23.0 in 1986: 30.0 in 1987: 22.0 in 1989: 39.6 in 1990: 30.0 in 1992: 27.0 in 1993: 33.0 in 1994: 18.3 in 1995: 31.0 in 1996: 49.0 in 1997: 17.0 in 1998: 43.0 in 1999: 26.0 in 2000: 37.3 in 2001: 23.0 in 2002: 25.0 in 2003: 20.0 in 2004: 40.0 in 2005: 9.0 in 2006: 35.1 in 2007: 50.6 in 2008: 37.0 in 2009: 34.0 in 2010: 39.6 in 2011: 19.0 in 2012: 24.7 in 2013: 74.6 in 2014: 37.1 in 2015: 25.0 in 2016: 12.5 in 2017: 27.1 in 2018: 23.5 in 2019: 14.5 in 2020: 28.0 in 2021: 21.5 in 2022: 6.5 in 2023: 5.0 in 2024: 9.0 in 2025: 34.1 in 19781990200120112021
Total snowfall each winter (July to June), last 50 winters.

Median first snow

November 29

Earliest: October 10, 1906

Median last snow

March 15

Latest: May 2, 1940

0 of 86 winters had no measurable snow.

Station Rochester (USC00127482), 760 ft elevation, 0.6 miles from the population centre. Daily records from 1904 to October 26, 2026; 98.2% of days in the last 30 years are complete. Records at a single station can differ from a city’s official threaded record, which may combine several stations.

NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily.

Federal disaster declarations

18 since 1953. The most recent: Severe Storms, Straight-Line Winds, Tornadoes, and Flooding, August 15, 2026.

Federal disaster declarations
Aug 15, 2026FloodSevere Storms, Straight-Line Winds, Tornadoes, and FloodingEmergencyEM-3651-IN
Jan 24, 2026Winter StormSevere Winter StormEmergencyEM-3641-IN
Apr 3, 2020BiologicalCovid-19 PandemicMajor disasterDR-4515-IN
Mar 13, 2020BiologicalCovid-19EmergencyEM-3456-IN
May 4, 2018FloodSevere Storms and FloodingMajor disasterDR-4363-IN
Apr 22, 2014Severe StormSevere Winter Storm and SnowstormMajor disasterDR-4173-IN
Apr 22, 2009Severe StormSevere Storms, Tornadoes, and FloodingMajor disasterDR-1832-IN
Jan 30, 2008Severe StormSevere Storms and FloodingMajor disasterDR-1740-IN
Mar 12, 2007SnowstormSnowEmergencyEM-3274-IN
Sep 10, 2005HurricaneHurricane Katrina EvacuationEmergencyEM-3238-IN
Jan 21, 2005Severe StormSevere Winter Storms and FloodingMajor disasterDR-1573-IN
Jun 3, 2004Severe StormSevere Storms, Tornadoes, and FloodingMajor disasterDR-1520-IN
Jul 11, 2003Severe StormSevere Storms, Tornadoes, and FloodingMajor disasterDR-1476-IN
Jan 24, 2001SnowstormSnowEmergencyEM-3162-IN
Jan 15, 1999SnowstormIn-Winter Storm 12/23/98EmergencyEM-3135-IN
Jan 5, 1991FloodSevere Storms & FloodingMajor disasterDR-891-IN
Feb 2, 1977SnowstormSnowstormsEmergencyEM-3028-IN
Apr 4, 1974TornadoTornadoesMajor disasterDR-423-IN

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries, retrieved October 30, 2026. Statewide declarations are not listed.

How this compares

Where Fulton County stands among 92 counties in Indiana and 3,143 in the United States.

Ranks
Tornadoes since 19501570 / 921,879 / 3,143
Tornadoes rated F3/EF3 or stronger419 / 92387 / 3,143
Tropical cyclones within 50 mi0——
Hurricane-strength passes within 50 mi0——
Wildfire acres since 19840——
Flood insurance claims17327 / 921,013 / 3,143
Flood insurance paid$2.2 million32 / 921,120 / 3,143
Disaster declarations1840 / 921,866 / 3,143
Flood events since 19961284 / 922,837 / 3,143
Hail and wind events since 199619844 / 921,978 / 3,143
Winter storm events since 19968226 / 921,227 / 3,143
Reported damage since 1996$1.5 million88 / 922,861 / 3,143
River crests at major flood stage0——
High tide flooding days a year, last 10 years0.0——
Months in severe drought since 189514121 / 921,162 / 3,143
Medium or heavy smoke days a year, last 10 years21.912 / 92872 / 3,143
Earthquakes M4+ within 50 mi since 19000——
Earthquakes M2.5+ in the county since 19730——

Neighbouring counties

Neighbouring counties
Cass County280063
Kosciusko County3700391
Marshall County3300190
Miami County200031
Pulaski County1700173
Starke County160022
Wabash County200046

Sources and vintage

Every number on this page comes from these public records.

  • Tornadoes NOAA Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, through 2025.
  • Tropical cyclones NOAA National Hurricane Center HURDAT2 (Atlantic; Northeast and Central Pacific), through 2025.
  • Wildfire USGS/USFS Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity, through 2026.
  • Storm events NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, through 2026.
  • Flood insurance OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026.
  • Declarations OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries v2, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Weather records NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily, station USC00127482.
  • River crests NOAA National Weather Service, National Water Prediction Service river gauges, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Drought NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, through September 2026.
  • Smoke NOAA NESDIS Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Earthquakes USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog (ComCat), retrieved October 30, 2026.

Joins, thresholds and known limits are set out in the methodology. Found an error? Report it. Page built October 30, 2026.