Avoyelles Parish
Population 37,941 (2025) 831 sq mi
30 tropical storms and hurricanes have passed within 50 miles of Avoyelles Parish since 1851, 5 of them at hurricane strength; the strongest was an unnamed storm in 1909 (Category 1).
Hazard fingerprint Each spoke is this county’s percentile among U.S. counties where that hazard occurs. How it is computed
- Tornado damage paths since 195054
- Tropical cyclone tracks within 100 miles since 1851, wider where stronger50
- Wildfire burn scars since 19841
- Major flood years since 19788
At a glance
The record for Avoyelles Parish in eight numbers. Each links to its section below.
Tropical cyclones within 50 mi
30
36th of 64 in Louisiana
5 at hurricane strength since 1851
DetailsAcres burned since 1984
865
20th of 64 in Louisiana
1 large fire; the largest was Farm Unit, 2002
DetailsStrongest tornado
F3
January 31, 1983, 5.0 mile path
Strongest tropical cyclone
Cat. 1
Hurricane (unnamed), 1909, 4.4 miles away
Tornadoes
About one every 1.4 years since 1950, 2 of them rated F3/EF3 or stronger.
Strongest
January 31, 1983
F3, 5.0 mile path
100 yards wide; 1 killed along the whole path.
Most recent
Monday, November 20, 2023
EF1, 6.7 mile path
3 years ago.
Every recorded tornado
| Nov 20, 2023 | EF1 | 6.7 | 0 | 0 |
| Nov 20, 2023 | EF1 | 14.9 | 0 | 0 |
| Nov 20, 2023 | EF1 | 9.6 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 7, 2021 | EF1 | 3.4 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 7, 2021 | EF1 | 1.8 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 23, 2020 | EF1 | 1.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 23, 2020 | EF2 | 3.6 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 22, 2020 | EF1 | 7.6 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 22, 2020 | EF1 | 5.4 | 0 | 0 |
| Nov 1, 2018 | EF1 | 12.6 | 0 | 0 |
| Nov 1, 2018 | EF2 | 5.7 | 0 | 0 |
| Oct 31, 2018 | EF2 | 7.8 | 0 | 0 |
| Mar 11, 2018 | EF2 | 0.4 | 4 | 0 |
| Apr 30, 2017 | EF1 | 0.6 | 0 | 0 |
| Jan 2, 2017 | EF1 | 1.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Jan 2, 2017 | EF1 | 2.8 | 0 | 0 |
| Jan 2, 2017 | EF1 | 1.6 | 0 | 0 |
| Nov 28, 2016 | EF0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Feb 15, 2016 | EF0 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 |
| Dec 24, 2009 | EF0 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 |
| Dec 24, 2009 | EF0 | 5.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Dec 24, 2009 | EF0 | 3.7 | 0 | 0 |
| Sep 2, 2008 | EF0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Sep 1, 2008 | EF0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Feb 21, 2008 | EF0 | 0.7 | 0 | 0 |
| Oct 16, 2006 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Nov 1, 2004 | F0 | 1.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Nov 18, 2003 | F1 | 4.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Mar 18, 2003 | F0 | 1.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Nov 24, 2001 | F2 | 1.0 | 3 | 0 |
| Nov 6, 2000 | F2 | 3.0 | 3 | 0 |
| Dec 17, 1995 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Jan 7, 1995 | F1 | 17.0 | 0 | 0 |
| May 29, 1994 | F1 | 1.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Dec 4, 1993 | F1 | 20.5 | 3 | 0 |
| Apr 20, 1992 | F1 | 0.5 | 1 | 0 |
| Nov 19, 1991 | F2 | 10.0 | 1 | 0 |
| Dec 21, 1990 | F1 | 8.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 7, 1989 | F1 | 0.3 | 2 | 0 |
| Mar 29, 1988 | F1 | 1.0 | 2 | 0 |
| Jun 7, 1984 | F2 | 1.0 | 3 | 0 |
| May 20, 1983 | F3 | 2.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Jan 31, 1983 | F3 | 5.0 | 2 | 1 |
| Dec 27, 1982 | F0 | 2.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Dec 27, 1982 | F1 | 1.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Sep 11, 1982 | F2 | 0.8 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 23, 1974 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Feb 18, 1974 | F2 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 17, 1973 | F1 | 1.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Jul 11, 1965 | F0 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 |
| Jan 22, 1965 | F2 | 2.3 | 2 | 0 |
| Nov 27, 1964 | F2 | 6.9 | 1 | 0 |
| Mar 30, 1961 | F2 | 6.2 | 1 | 0 |
| May 13, 1950 | F1 | 2.0 | 0 | 0 |
- Injuries and deaths are for the tornado’s whole path, which may extend beyond the county. Deaths recorded within Avoyelles Parish: 1.
- Weak tornadoes were under-recorded before Doppler radar coverage became national in the early 1990s, so earlier decades read low. Ratings use the Fujita scale before February 2007 and the Enhanced Fujita scale after.
Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, 1950 to 2025.
Hurricanes and tropical storms
30 passed within 50 miles since 1851; 5 at hurricane strength.
Strongest within 50 miles
September 21, 1909
Unnamed storm, Category 1
4.4 miles at closest approach, winds near 91 mph.
Most recent
September 12, 2024
Francine, Tropical storm
87.3 miles at closest approach.
Every storm within 100 miles
| Francine | 2024 | 87.3 | Tropical storm |
| Ida | 2021 | 47.9 | Tropical storm |
| Delta | 2020 | 4.8 | Tropical storm |
| Laura | 2020 | 59.8 | Category 1 |
| Olga | 2019 | 81.4 | Post-tropical |
| Barry | 2019 | 44.4 | Tropical storm |
| Cindy | 2017 | 90.2 | Tropical storm |
| Isaac | 2012 | 0.0 | Tropical storm |
| Lee | 2011 | 33.5 | Subtropical storm |
| Gustav | 2008 | 10.9 | Tropical storm |
| Bill | 2003 | 94.0 | Tropical storm |
| Lili | 2002 | 1.1 | Tropical storm |
| Andrew | 1992 | 12.1 | Tropical storm |
| Juan | 1985 | 38.2 | Tropical storm |
| Elena | 1985 | 34.8 | Tropical storm |
| Danny | 1985 | 2.1 | Tropical storm |
| Bob | 1979 | 88.4 | Tropical storm |
| Carmen | 1974 | 40.6 | Category 1 |
| Edith | 1971 | 27.2 | Category 1 |
| Betsy | 1965 | 0.0 | Tropical storm |
| Hilda | 1964 | 54.3 | Category 1 |
| Esther | 1957 | 57.9 | Tropical storm |
| Audrey | 1957 | 49.4 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1955 | 29.7 | Tropical storm |
| Barbara | 1954 | 79.5 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1949 | 61.7 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1947 | 4.0 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1934 | 26.9 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1932 | 13.6 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1931 | 0.0 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1926 | 7.7 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1923 | 40.4 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1920 | 0.0 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1918 | 85.8 | Category 2 |
| Unnamed | 1915 | 98.0 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1912 | 61.5 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1909 | 4.4 | Category 1 |
| Unnamed | 1905 | 71.8 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1905 | 10.8 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1898 | 4.2 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1890 | 66.7 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1888 | 40.2 | Category 1 |
| Unnamed | 1886 | 83.0 | Category 1 |
| Unnamed | 1886 | 0.0 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1879 | 96.5 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1879 | 63.6 | Category 1 |
| Unnamed | 1869 | 85.1 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1865 | 72.3 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1865 | 80.1 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1863 | 43.0 | Post-tropical |
| Unnamed | 1860 | 44.0 | Category 1 |
| Unnamed | 1856 | 9.4 | Tropical storm |
- Tropical storms and hurricanes (34 kt or more, still tropical) at closest approach. Post-tropical remnants with gale-force winds are listed but not counted. Direct: track within 50 miles; near: within 100 miles. Distance is measured to the county boundary for counties and to the city centre for cities, using positions interpolated hourly between HURDAT2 fixes.
National Hurricane Center HURDAT2, 1851 to 2025.
Wildfire and smoke
865 acres burned in 1 large fire since 1984, equal to 0.2% of the land.
Largest
June 13, 2002
Farm Unit Fire, 867 acres
864 acres inside Avoyelles Parish.
Most recent
June 13, 2002
Farm Unit Fire
867 acres in total.
Every large fire
| Farm Unit | 2002 | 864 | 867 |
- Large fires mapped by the Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity program since 1984: 1,000 acres or more in the West, 500 or more in the East. Prescribed burns are excluded. Acres here are the part of each perimeter inside this place.
Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity (USGS and U.S. Forest Service), 1984 to 2026.
Smoke overhead
Smokiest year
2023: 52 days
Heavy smoke on 2 days in 2023, the most of any year.
Last 10 years
13.0 days a year
Medium or heavy smoke, 2016 to 2025.
2025
9 days
Medium or heavy smoke. 21 so far in 2026.
- A smoke day is a date on which a smoke plume traced by NOAA Hazard Mapping System analysts from satellite imagery covered this place's point (the county's population centre or the city centre). Counts here are of medium or heavy smoke. Since 2018 analysts have often drawn light smoke as one area over most of the continent, so light-smoke counts are not comparable from year to year. The plumes show smoke anywhere in the air above, not air quality at the ground, and smoke hidden by cloud is missed.
NOAA Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, 2011 to 2026, retrieved October 30, 2026.
Floods and flood insurance
1,652 federal flood insurance claims since 1978, with $18.1 million paid.
Most claims in one year
1979: 306 claims
$1.1 million paid.
2nd most
1983: 259 claims
$615,000 paid.
3rd most
1997: 129 claims
$645,000 paid.
Claims by ZIP code
| 71351 | 783 | $4.8 million |
| 71350 | 156 | $2.1 million |
| 122 | $287,000 | |
| 71322 | 119 | $2.1 million |
| 71369 | 107 | $1.6 million |
| 71355 | 84 | $1.8 million |
| 71341 | 65 | $1.3 million |
| 71327 | 60 | $1.1 million |
| 71362 | 43 | $1.6 million |
| 71331 | 27 | $137,000 |
| 71320 | 27 | $506,000 |
| 71339 | 24 | $296,000 |
| 71360 | 8 | $99,000 |
| 71328 | 6 | $73,000 |
| 71323 | 5 | $108,000 |
Flood events since 1996
- Flash Flood24
- Flood5
- Heavy Rain3
This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).
OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026. NOAA Storm Events through 2026.
River crests
Most severe crest
May 16, 1927
Atchafalaya River at Simmesport, 59.13 ft
19.13 feet above the 40.0 ft flood stage; major flooding by today’s categories.
Most recent moderate or major crest
May 24, 2011
Atchafalaya River at Simmesport, 44.93 ft
Moderate flooding.
River gauges
| Atchafalaya River at Simmesport | 40.0 | 59.13 ft | 15 |
| Bayou Des Glaises Diversion Ch near Moreauville | 20.0 | — | 0 |
| Bayou Des Glaises Diversion Ch. at Moreauville | 20.0 | 32.80 ft | 6 |
| Little River at Boggy Bayou Road | 44.0 | — | 0 |
- Crests are the highest and the recent crests the National Weather Service lists for each river gauge in the county that has a flood stage, not every flood. Flood categories use each gauge's current flood stages; crests from before levees, dams or channel changes may not be comparable. Crests measured on an old datum are left out of the rankings.
NOAA National Water Prediction Service gauge records, retrieved October 30, 2026.
Drought
In severe drought or worse for 89 of 1,581 months since 1895 (6%); the longest spell lasted 12 months.
89
Months in severe drought or worse since 1895
21
Months in extreme drought
6%
Share of all months, severe or worse
5
Drought reports to the Weather Service since 1996
Lowest reading
August 1925
−5.34, extreme drought
Longest severe spell
12 months
November 1999 to October 2000.
Latest month
September 2026
−1.62, mild drought
Last severe month: April 2026.
- The Palmer Drought Severity Index is computed by NOAA each month from the county's average temperature and precipitation, relative to the county's own climate. Zero is normal; -3 or lower is severe drought and -4 or lower extreme drought. It describes the long-term balance of moisture, not water supply or crop losses.
NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, 1895 to September 2026, issued October 6, 2026.
Earthquakes
No earthquake of magnitude 2.5 or more is recorded within 50 miles of the county in the USGS catalogue, which begins in 1900.
Severe weather and other events
367 events in the National Weather Service record, 280 of them since 1996.
37
Hail reports, 1 inch or larger
4
Hail, 2 inches or larger
85
Damaging gusts, 58 mph+
23
Winter weather events since 1996
3
Heat events since 1996
1
Cold events since 1996
Largest hail
April 5, 2012
2.75 inches
Strongest measured or estimated gust
May 8, 2026
90 mph
More event types since 1996
| Lightning | 4 | 0 |
Costliest events since 1996
- Oct 9, 2020Tropical Storm, Avoyelles$40.0 million
National Weather Service narrative
Wind gusts to around 65 mph and heavy rainfall lead to numerous downed trees and power lines across the parish. Flooding in numerous locations was caused by 6 to 12 inches of rainfall.
- Sep 1, 2008Hurricane (Typhoon), Avoyelles$20.0 million
National Weather Service narrative
Hurricane Gustav moved across Avoyelles Parish, causing wind damage between Bunkie and Marksville.
- Aug 26, 2020Tropical Storm, Avoyelles$20.0 million
National Weather Service narrative
Numerous trees and power lines were blown down across the parish. Homes and businesses were damaged from fallen trees or winds. Over 60 percent of the parish was without power immediately after the storm.
- Jan 10, 2013Flood$19.0 million
National Weather Service narrative
Flood waters from rainfall that fell mainly during the 9th and 10th slowly drained across Avoyeles Parish. During the flood event 114 homes were damaged.
- Jun 18, 2026Flash Flood$5.0 million
National Weather Service narrative
Heavy rain trained across Avoyelles Parish for several hours while the remnant circulation of Arthur passed to the north. Widespread flooding occurred with numerous structures inundated. Numerous rescues were also conducted. Cottonport received a storm total 37.58 inches of rain with 29.06 inches falling in under 24 hours. The heavy rain flooded around 200 homes in Avoyelles parish and took days to drain.
- Aug 13, 2016Flash Flood$4.0 million
National Weather Service narrative
Streets began to flood during the morning of the 13th and then structures a couple of hours later as heavy rain kept falling. An estimated 363 structures were flooded during the event.
- Oct 3, 2002Hurricane (Typhoon), Avoyelles$4.0 million
National Weather Service narrative
Hurricane Lili made landfall the morning of October 3rd near Intracoastal City in Vermilion Parish as a category one hurricane. Over 48,000 claims were filed with FEMA by homeowners who received damage. along the path of Lili, from southwest Louisiana into central Louisiana. Only 3 injuries were reported. One injury in Evangeline Parish at Ville Platte occurred when a policeman on patrol had a tree fall on his vehicle, trapping him inside. He received minor injuries and was treated and released from a local hospital. The other two injuries occurred in Acadia Parish. Two Rayne city employees were moving vehicles to a safer location when a brick facade at the water plant fell on…
- Jan 2, 2017Tornado$2.5 million
National Weather Service narrative
A tornado touched down near the airport where one hangar and two|planes were damaged. A Wal-Mart store had some skylights shattered|and parts of the roof was damaged. Neighboring strip mall stores|also received minor facade damage and a portable fireworks shop|was destroyed. Across the street, several large trees fell on homes|and several other buildings were damaged as well. The estimated peak wind was 110 MPH.
- Apr 30, 2017Flash Flood$2.5 million
National Weather Service narrative
A large swath of 5 to 10 inches of rain fell across Southwest and Central Louisiana during the morning of the 30th. In Bunkie water entered at least 35 homes and 5 businesses with up to 1 foot of water. The co-op station in Bunkie received 10.88 inches of rain. 8 homes flooded in Marksville and 3 homes flooded in Cottonport. Numerous reports of rescues from flooded vehicles also occurred.
- Apr 5, 2012Hail$1.0 million
National Weather Service narrative
Public and law enforcement reported hail up to baseball size around Bunkie with a NWS storm survey confirming the damage caused by the massive hail. Numerous homes, businesses, and vehicles received damage across the city with windows broken, roofs damaged, and various other damages sustained. The storm then moved toward the east with the last report of dime and golfball sized hail southeast of the Cottonport area. Saint Anthony School was still closed 5 days after the storm due to broken windows and other damage.
- Storm Events records before 1996 cover only tornadoes, thunderstorm wind and hail. Damage figures are as reported by the National Weather Service at the time, not adjusted for inflation.
NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, 1950 to 2026, issued October 26, 2026.
Weather records
From Bunkie, 9.4 miles from the county’s population centre, with records from 1956.
- All-time high
- 107°F2 times, most recently Aug 14, 2007
- All-time low
- 8°FDec 23, 1989
- Warmest night
- 81°FJul 23, 2018
- Coldest day
- 19°FDec 23, 1989
- Wettest day
- 13.15 inApr 11, 1995
- Snowiest day
- 8.0 inFeb 13, 1960
- Hottest year
- 1998mean 69.6°F
- Coldest year
- 1983mean 64.7°F
- Wettest year
- 197381.71 in
- Driest year
- 200038.22 in
- Snowiest season
- 8.0 in1959-60
48 of 55 winters had no measurable snow.
Station Bunkie (USC00161287), 80 ft elevation, 9.4 miles from the population centre. Daily records from 1956 to October 26, 2026; 97.5% of days in the last 30 years are complete. Records at a single station can differ from a city’s official threaded record, which may combine several stations.
NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily.
Federal disaster declarations
42 since 1953. The most recent: Tropical Storm Arthur, June 30, 2026.
| Jun 30, 2026 | Tropical Storm | DR-4927-LA |
| Jan 24, 2026 | Winter Storm | EM-3638-LA |
| Sep 10, 2024 | Hurricane | EM-3614-LA |
| Sep 13, 2021 | Coastal Storm | EM-3574-LA |
| Aug 29, 2021 | Hurricane | DR-4611-LA |
| Aug 27, 2021 | Hurricane | EM-3568-LA |
| Mar 9, 2021 | Severe Ice Storm | DR-4590-LA |
| Feb 18, 2021 | Severe Ice Storm | EM-3556-LA |
| Oct 27, 2020 | Hurricane | EM-3549-LA |
| Oct 16, 2020 | Hurricane | DR-4570-LA |
| Oct 7, 2020 | Hurricane | EM-3547-LA |
| Sep 14, 2020 | Hurricane | EM-3543-LA |
| Aug 28, 2020 | Hurricane | DR-4559-LA |
| Aug 23, 2020 | Hurricane | EM-3538-LA |
| Jun 7, 2020 | Coastal Storm | EM-3527-LA |
| Mar 24, 2020 | Biological | DR-4484-LA |
| Mar 13, 2020 | Biological | EM-3459-LA |
| Jul 11, 2019 | Coastal Storm | EM-3416-LA |
| Aug 14, 2016 | Flood | DR-4277-LA |
| Mar 13, 2016 | Flood | DR-4263-LA |
| Aug 29, 2012 | Hurricane | DR-4080-LA |
| Aug 27, 2012 | Hurricane | EM-3347-LA |
| Aug 18, 2011 | Flood | DR-4015-LA |
| May 6, 2011 | Flood | EM-3322-LA |
| Sep 2, 2008 | Hurricane | DR-1786-LA |
| Aug 29, 2008 | Hurricane | EM-3289-LA |
| Sep 24, 2005 | Hurricane | DR-1607-LA |
| Sep 21, 2005 | Hurricane | EM-3260-LA |
| Aug 29, 2005 | Hurricane | DR-1603-LA |
| Aug 27, 2005 | Hurricane | EM-3212-LA |
| Sep 15, 2004 | Hurricane | DR-1548-LA |
| Feb 1, 2003 | Other | EM-3172-LA |
| Oct 3, 2002 | Hurricane | DR-1437-LA |
| Aug 26, 1992 | Hurricane | DR-956-LA |
| May 3, 1991 | Severe Storm | DR-904-LA |
| Nov 30, 1987 | Tornado | DR-804-LA |
| Jan 11, 1983 | Flood | DR-675-LA |
| Feb 22, 1977 | Snowstorm | EM-3031-LA |
| Jun 6, 1975 | Severe Storm | DR-470-LA |
| Apr 12, 1975 | Flood | EM-3011-LA |
| Apr 27, 1973 | Flood | DR-374-LA |
| Sep 10, 1965 | Hurricane | DR-208-LA |
This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).
OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries, retrieved October 30, 2026. Statewide declarations are not listed.
How this compares
Where Avoyelles Parish stands among 64 counties in Louisiana and 3,143 in the United States.
| Tornadoes since 1950 | 54 | 19 / 64 |
| Tornadoes rated F3/EF3 or stronger | 2 | 27 / 64 |
| Tropical cyclones within 50 mi | 30 | 36 / 64 |
| Hurricane-strength passes within 50 mi | 5 | 36 / 64 |
| Wildfire acres since 1984 | 865 | 20 / 64 |
| Flood insurance claims | 1,652 | 24 / 64 |
| Flood insurance paid | $18.1 million | 28 / 64 |
| Disaster declarations | 42 | 28 / 64 |
| Flood events since 1996 | 32 | 45 / 64 |
| Hail and wind events since 1996 | 174 | 33 / 64 |
| Winter storm events since 1996 | 23 | 14 / 64 |
| Reported damage since 1996 | $131 million | 34 / 64 |
| River crests at major flood stage | 21 | 8 / 64 |
| High tide flooding days a year, last 10 years | 0.0 | — |
| Months in severe drought since 1895 | 89 | 56 / 64 |
| Medium or heavy smoke days a year, last 10 years | 13.0 | 26 / 64 |
| Earthquakes M4+ within 50 mi since 1900 | 0 | — |
| Earthquakes M2.5+ in the county since 1973 | 0 | — |
Neighbouring counties
| Catahoula Parish | 34 | 24 |
| Concordia Parish | 38 | 27 |
| Evangeline Parish | 41 | 31 |
| LaSalle Parish | 25 | 20 |
| Pointe Coupee Parish | 26 | 37 |
| Rapides Parish | 82 | 27 |
| St. Landry Parish | 71 | 37 |
| West Feliciana Parish | 12 | 34 |
Sources and vintage
Every number on this page comes from these public records.
- Tornadoes NOAA Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, through 2025.
- Tropical cyclones NOAA National Hurricane Center HURDAT2 (Atlantic; Northeast and Central Pacific), through 2025.
- Wildfire USGS/USFS Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity, through 2026.
- Storm events NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, through 2026.
- Flood insurance OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026.
- Declarations OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries v2, retrieved October 30, 2026.
- Weather records NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily, station USC00161287.
- River crests NOAA National Weather Service, National Water Prediction Service river gauges, retrieved October 30, 2026.
- Drought NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, through September 2026.
- Smoke NOAA NESDIS Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, retrieved October 30, 2026.
- Earthquakes USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog (ComCat), retrieved October 30, 2026.
Joins, thresholds and known limits are set out in the methodology. Found an error? Report it. Page built October 30, 2026.