Benton County

Population 7,502 (2025) 407 sq mi

8 tropical storms and hurricanes have passed within 50 miles of Benton County since 1851, 0 of them at hurricane strength; the strongest was an unnamed storm in 1888 (Tropical storm).

Hazard fingerprint for Benton County Tornado: 38th percentile. Tropical: 46th percentile. Wildfire: 44th percentile. Flood: 11th percentile. Hail & wind: 15th percentile. Heat: 94th percentile. Cold: 53th percentile. Winter: 32th percentile. TORTROPFIREFLOODSEVEREHEATCOLDWINTER

Hazard fingerprint Each spoke is this county’s percentile among U.S. counties where that hazard occurs. How it is computed

2026
  • Tornado damage paths since 195012
  • Tropical cyclone tracks within 100 miles since 1851, wider where stronger12
  • Wildfire burn scars since 19845

At a glance

The record for Benton County in eight numbers. Each links to its section below.

Tropical cyclones within 50 mi

8

78th of 82 in Mississippi

None at hurricane strength since 1851

Details

Acres burned since 1984

4,201

19th of 82 in Mississippi

5 large fires; the largest was Holly Springs Rx, 2011

Details

Tornadoes since 1950

12

80th of 82 in Mississippi

Fewer than the typical Mississippi county, which has had 36

Details

Flood insurance claims

3

76th of 82 in Mississippi

$798 paid since 1978

Details

Strongest tornado

EF4

December 23, 2015, 75.1 mile path

Strongest tropical cyclone

TS

Tropical storm (unnamed), 1888, 21.5 miles away

Federal disaster declarations

17

Most recent: Severe Winter Storm, 2026

Details

Record high

106°F

August 16, 2007

Details

Tornadoes

About one every 6.3 years since 1950, 4 of them rated F3/EF3 or stronger.

Strongest

December 23, 2015

EF4, 75.1 mile path

1,300 yards wide; 9 killed along the whole path.

Most recent

Thursday, April 3, 2025

EF3, 39.5 mile path

Within the past year.

Tornadoes by decade Doppler radar era² 1950s: 0 1960s: 0 1970s: 2 2 1980s: 1 1 1990s: 2 2 2000s: 2 2 2010s: 3 3 2020s: 2 2 1950s1960s1970s1980s1990s2000s2010s2020s
Recorded tornadoes per decade. The 2020s are incomplete.
Tornadoes by month J: 0 F: 1 M: 2 A: 2 M: 4 4 J: 0 J: 0 A: 1 S: 1 O: 0 N: 0 D: 1 JFMAMJJASOND
By month of occurrence, all years.

Every recorded tornado

Tornadoes in Benton County since 1950
Apr 3, 2025EF339.51,20032
Apr 2, 2025EF212.545030
Aug 31, 2017EF00.33000
Dec 23, 2015EF475.11,300369
May 2, 2010EF329.688093
May 5, 2003F00.55000
Sep 13, 2001F05.05000
May 15, 1995F00.22000
Mar 22, 1991F323.050030
Mar 18, 1986F11.310000
May 27, 1973F15.410000
Feb 21, 1971F20.11000
  1. Injuries and deaths are for the tornado’s whole path, which may extend beyond the county. Deaths recorded within Benton County: 8.
  2. Weak tornadoes were under-recorded before Doppler radar coverage became national in the early 1990s, so earlier decades read low. Ratings use the Fujita scale before February 2007 and the Enhanced Fujita scale after.

Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, 1950 to 2025.

Hurricanes and tropical storms

8 passed within 50 miles since 1851; none at hurricane strength.

Strongest within 50 miles

August 21, 1888

Unnamed storm, Tropical storm

21.5 miles at closest approach, winds near 62 mph.

Most recent

October 26, 2019

Olga, Post-tropical

14.3 miles at closest approach.

Tropical cyclones within 50 miles by decade 50s: 0 60s: 1 70s: 0 80s: 2 2 90s: 0 00s: 1 10s: 0 20s: 1 30s: 1 40s: 0 50s: 1 60s: 0 70s: 0 80s: 0 90s: 0 00s: 1 10s: 0 20s: 0 50s60s70s80s90s00s10s20s30s40s50s60s70s80s90s00s10s20s
Storms within 50 miles, by decade. Records before about 1900 miss storms that never reached land or ships.

Every storm within 100 miles

Tropical cyclones within 100 miles
Olga201914.3Post-tropical48Tropical storm
Katrina200537.7Tropical storm44Category 5
Frederic197974.6Tropical storm52Category 4
Audrey19578.2Tropical storm40Category 3
Unnamed19349.7Tropical storm40Category 2
Unnamed19230.0Tropical storm43Tropical storm
Unnamed191663.3Tropical storm44Category 2
Unnamed191654.4Tropical storm46Category 3
Unnamed191576.0Post-tropical45Category 4
Unnamed190631.7Tropical storm46Category 3
Unnamed188821.5Tropical storm62Category 3
Unnamed188126.0Tropical storm43Category 2
Unnamed187975.8Tropical storm43Category 3
Unnamed18600.0Tropical storm46Category 2
  1. Tropical storms and hurricanes (34 kt or more, still tropical) at closest approach. Post-tropical remnants with gale-force winds are listed but not counted. Direct: track within 50 miles; near: within 100 miles. Distance is measured to the county boundary for counties and to the city centre for cities, using positions interpolated hourly between HURDAT2 fixes.

National Hurricane Center HURDAT2, 1851 to 2025.

Wildfire and smoke

4,201 acres burned in 5 large fires since 1984, equal to 1.6% of the land.

Largest

March 12, 2011

Holly Springs Rx Fire, 1,781 acres

1,780 acres inside Benton County.

Most recent

March 12, 2011

Holly Springs Rx Fire

1,781 acres in total.

Acres burned since 1984, cumulative 1994: 2121996: 5872000: 1,6212011: 1,781 4,201 acres 198519901995200020052010201520202025
Running total of acres burned inside the county (line) and each year’s acres (bars).

Every large fire

Large wildfires since 1984
Holly Springs Rx20111,7801,781
Wolfe2000814815
Snake Eyes2000807807
Unnamed1996587585
Unnamed19942111,298
  1. Large fires mapped by the Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity program since 1984: 1,000 acres or more in the West, 500 or more in the East. Prescribed burns are excluded. Acres here are the part of each perimeter inside this place.

Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity (USGS and U.S. Forest Service), 1984 to 2026.

Smoke overhead

Smokiest year

2023: 62 days

Heavy smoke on 5 days in 2021, the most of any year.

Last 10 years

14.3 days a year

Medium or heavy smoke, 2016 to 2025.

2025

11 days

Medium or heavy smoke. 42 so far in 2026.

Days with medium or heavy smoke overhead, by year 2011: 7 2012: 9 2013: 4 2014: 2 2015: 5 2016: 0 2017: 3 2018: 5 2019: 1 2020: 7 2021: 23 2022: 19 2023: 62 62 2024: 12 2025: 11 201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022202320242025
Days each year on which a satellite-traced plume of medium or heavy smoke covered the county’s population centre, 2011 to 2025.
  1. A smoke day is a date on which a smoke plume traced by NOAA Hazard Mapping System analysts from satellite imagery covered this place's point (the county's population centre or the city centre). Counts here are of medium or heavy smoke. Since 2018 analysts have often drawn light smoke as one area over most of the continent, so light-smoke counts are not comparable from year to year. The plumes show smoke anywhere in the air above, not air quality at the ground, and smoke hidden by cloud is missed.

NOAA Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, 2011 to 2026, retrieved October 30, 2026.

Floods and flood insurance

3 federal flood insurance claims since 1978, with $798 paid.

Federal flood insurance claims by year
Claims per year since 1978. Years with fewer than five claims are not shown.

Flood events since 1996

  • Flash Flood6

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026. NOAA Storm Events through 2026.

Drought

In severe drought or worse for 92 of 1,581 months since 1895 (6%); the longest spell lasted 12 months.

92

Months in severe drought or worse since 1895

17

Months in extreme drought

6%

Share of all months, severe or worse

20

Drought reports to the Weather Service since 1996

Lowest reading

September 1925

−4.85, extreme drought

Longest severe spell

12 months

March 1918 to February 1919.

Latest month

September 2026

−2.63, moderate drought

Last severe month: April 2026.

Months in severe drought or worse, by year 1895: 0 1896: 5 1897: 5 1898: 0 1899: 5 1900: 3 1901: 1 1902: 0 1903: 0 1904: 0 1905: 0 1906: 0 1907: 0 1908: 0 1909: 0 1910: 1 1911: 0 1912: 0 1913: 0 1914: 1 1915: 1 1916: 0 1917: 0 1918: 10 10 1919: 2 1920: 0 1921: 0 1922: 0 1923: 0 1924: 0 1925: 6 1926: 5 1927: 0 1928: 0 1929: 0 1930: 0 1931: 0 1932: 0 1933: 0 1934: 0 1935: 0 1936: 3 1937: 0 1938: 0 1939: 0 1940: 0 1941: 4 1942: 0 1943: 2 1944: 0 1945: 0 1946: 0 1947: 0 1948: 0 1949: 0 1950: 0 1951: 0 1952: 5 1953: 1 1954: 6 1955: 1 1956: 1 1957: 0 1958: 0 1959: 0 1960: 0 1961: 0 1962: 0 1963: 0 1964: 0 1965: 1 1966: 3 1967: 0 1968: 0 1969: 0 1970: 0 1971: 0 1972: 0 1973: 0 1974: 0 1975: 0 1976: 0 1977: 0 1978: 0 1979: 0 1980: 0 1981: 0 1982: 0 1983: 0 1984: 0 1985: 0 1986: 1 1987: 0 1988: 0 1989: 0 1990: 0 1991: 0 1992: 0 1993: 0 1994: 0 1995: 0 1996: 0 1997: 0 1998: 0 1999: 0 2000: 7 2001: 0 2002: 0 2003: 0 2004: 0 2005: 0 2006: 0 2007: 5 2008: 0 2009: 0 2010: 0 2011: 0 2012: 3 2013: 0 2014: 0 2015: 0 2016: 0 2017: 2 2018: 0 2019: 0 2020: 0 2021: 0 2022: 0 2023: 0 2024: 0 2025: 0 18951905191519251935194519551965197519851995200520152025
Months each year with a Palmer index of −3 or lower, 1895 to 2025. Twelve means the whole year.
  1. The Palmer Drought Severity Index is computed by NOAA each month from the county's average temperature and precipitation, relative to the county's own climate. Zero is normal; -3 or lower is severe drought and -4 or lower extreme drought. It describes the long-term balance of moisture, not water supply or crop losses.

NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, 1895 to September 2026, issued October 6, 2026.

Earthquakes

22 earthquakes of magnitude 2.5 or more within 50 miles since 1977; none reached magnitude 4.

0

Magnitude 2.5+ inside the county since 1973

6

Magnitude 3+ within 50 miles since 1973

0

Magnitude 4+ within 50 miles since 1900

0

Magnitude 5+ within 50 miles since 1900

Largest within 50 miles

August 25, 2015

Magnitude 3.5

9 km W of Henning, Tennessee; 49.9 miles away, 7.9 miles deep.

Most recent, magnitude 3 or more

August 25, 2015

Magnitude 3.5

9 km W of Henning, Tennessee; 49.9 miles away.

Earthquakes of magnitude 3 or more within 50 miles, by year 1973: 0 1974: 0 1975: 0 1976: 0 1977: 1 1978: 0 1979: 0 1980: 0 1981: 1 1982: 0 1983: 0 1984: 0 1985: 0 1986: 0 1987: 0 1988: 0 1989: 0 1990: 0 1991: 0 1992: 0 1993: 0 1994: 1 1995: 0 1996: 0 1997: 0 1998: 0 1999: 0 2000: 0 2001: 0 2002: 0 2003: 0 2004: 0 2005: 0 2006: 0 2007: 0 2008: 1 2009: 0 2010: 0 2011: 0 2012: 0 2013: 0 2014: 0 2015: 2 2 2016: 0 2017: 0 2018: 0 2019: 0 2020: 0 2021: 0 2022: 0 2023: 0 2024: 0 2025: 0 19731978198319881993199820032008201320182023
Per year, 1973 to 2025.
  1. Earthquakes of magnitude 2.5 or more in the USGS Comprehensive Catalog since 1900. Within 50 miles means the epicentre lies within 50 miles of the county boundary (or inside the county).
  2. Small earthquakes were under-recorded before the modern seismic networks of the 1970s and are still missed in remote areas, so early decades read low. Magnitudes are as the catalogue reports them and mix scales (moment, local and body-wave).

USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog, 1900 to present, retrieved October 30, 2026.

Severe weather and other events

270 events in the National Weather Service record, 242 of them since 1996.

21

Hail reports, 1 inch or larger

3

Hail, 2 inches or larger

29

Damaging gusts, 58 mph+

45

Winter weather events since 1996

88

Heat events since 1996

11

Cold events since 1996

Largest hail

March 27, 2017

2.75 inches

Strongest measured or estimated gust

March 31, 2023

81 mph

More event types since 1996

Other Storm Events types since 1996
Lightning200May 9, 2007

Costliest events since 1996

  1. Dec 23, 2015Tornado$2.0 million
    National Weather Service narrative

    The tornado crossed from Marshall County into Benton County near Highway 4 west of Ashland. The tornado appeared to strengthen as it entered Benton County. Several houses west-northwest of Ashland has damage approaching EF-4 with EF-4 damage observed in Northeast Benton County. Six fatalities occurred in Benton County. Eighty-five structures were affected in Benton County. Seventeen homes and fifteen mobile homes were destroyed. Fifteen homes and three mobile homes suffered major damage. Twenty homes and seven mobile homes had minor damage. Many acres of timber were also damaged or destroyed. The tornado then continued into Tippah County.

  2. May 2, 2010Tornado$1.0 million
    National Weather Service narrative

    A tornado touched down near Highway 5 approximately 2 miles south of Ashland. The tornado traveled northeast crossing into Tippah County. Eleven homes and mobile homes were destroyed with six receiving major damage. Twenty-three homes sustained minor damage. Numerous trees were snapped and debarked along the path. Power lines were also knocked down. A free standing transmission tower collapsed and was severely twisted as well. Two deaths and one critical injury occurred when a double wide mobile home was destroyed just east of Ashland. Four additional injuries, three of them critical, occurred when a mobile home was picked up by the tornado.

  3. May 2, 2010Flash Flood$750,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Heavy rain produced flash flooding across Benton County. Twenty roads sustained major damage. Forty roads received minor damage. Highway 4 west of Ashland was one road that was closed as a result of the flooding. Several homes and mobile homes sustained damage from the flooding.

  4. Apr 2, 2025Tornado$300,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    The tornado began along Highway 72, south of Hopewell, and moved northeast towards Jones Road, uprooting trees and damaging several homes before crossing into Tippah County. Estimated peak winds were around 120 mph in Benton County.

  5. May 5, 2003Thunderstorm Wind$150,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    One mobile home was destroyed. Ten homes were damaged. Many trees and power lines were blown down.

  6. Apr 3, 2025Tornado$150,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Once the tornado crossed into Benton County, widespread tree damage could be found along Bryan Road and Breedlove Road. Homes along Dorse Road had exterior walls collapse, roof damage, and uprooted trees before crossing into Fayette County, Tennessee. Estimated peak winds were 135 mph in Benton County.

  7. Jan 23, 2026Ice Storm, Benton$100,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Sleet and snow accumulation of 1 to 2 inches, followed by 1/4 to 1/2 inch of ice.

  8. May 10, 2008Thunderstorm Wind$100,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Straight line winds produced widespread damage from Ashland to Hickory Flat. A large portion of the Holly Springs National Forest just west of Snow Lake Shores, along Highway 4, was completely blown down. Extensive damage, including numerous trees, downed power lines and 15 snapped power poles, was reported in the Snow Lake Shores community. Also in Snow Lake Shores, a carport was destroyed and a vehicle was crushed by a large tree. There was a lot of tree damage along Liberty Road and Pleasant Hill Road.

  9. Jun 25, 2023Thunderstorm Wind$50,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    A cold front approached the Mid-South during the afternoon hours of June 25, 2023. A very hot and unstable airmass was in place across the Mid-South with temperatures in mid 90s and dewpoints in the mid to upper 70s. Meanwhile, ample wind shear aided storm organization during the event. Supercells developed over north central Arkansas in the afternoon and pushed into the Mid-South late in the day. The cells bowed out causing swaths of wind damage across the Mid-South. The main swath of damaging winds stretched across the entire region from northeast Arkansas through the Memphis metropolitan area into northeast Mississippi. The most significant damage stretched from northern Shelby…

  10. Jan 31, 2026Cold/Wind Chill, Benton$50,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    A dry, mid-level shortwave aid in the push of another cold front in late January. Another arctic airmass residing behind this boundary resulting in another bitterly cold period. Cold temperatures combined with elevated northerly winds resulted in sub zero wind chill values across north Mississippi.

  1. Storm Events records before 1996 cover only tornadoes, thunderstorm wind and hail. Damage figures are as reported by the National Weather Service at the time, not adjusted for inflation.

NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, 1950 to 2026, issued October 26, 2026.

Weather records

From Ames Plantation, 20.8 miles from the county’s population centre, with records from 1976.

All-time high
106°FAug 16, 2007
All-time low
−12°FJan 21, 1985
Warmest night
79°F2 times, most recently Jul 8, 1998
Coldest day
1°FJan 21, 1985
Wettest day
8.30 inSep 1, 2017
Snowiest day
6.0 inMar 1, 2009
Hottest year
1998mean 62.9°F
Coldest year
1979mean 57.2°F
Wettest year
197974.67 in
Driest year
200741.40 in
Snowiest season
12.0 in2010-11
Average monthly high and low temperature and precipitation, last 30 years, Ames Plantation 32°F 50° 30° 4.7 Jan 55° 33° 5.1 Feb 64° 41° 5.9 Mar 73° 49° 5.6 Apr 80° 58° 5.5 May 88° 66° 5.0 Jun 91° 69° 4.9 Jul 91° 68° 3.7 Aug 86° 61° 4.1 Sep 75° 49° 4.0 Oct 63° 39° 3.8 Nov 54° 33° 5.5 Dec Precipitation, inches
Average daily high and low by month, and average monthly precipitation, over the last 30 years.
Days reaching 95°F per year 1976: 5 1977: 29 1978: 17 1979: 0 1980: 51 1981: 7 1982: 2 1983: 30 1984: 5 1986: 19 1987: 16 1988: 23 1989: 6 1990: 25 1991: 14 1992: 1 1993: 31 1994: 1 1995: 16 1996: 5 1997: 7 1998: 37 1999: 40 2001: 16 2002: 16 2004: 3 2005: 30 2006: 36 2007: 40 2008: 18 2009: 9 2010: 54 54 2011: 44 2012: 36 2013: 11 2014: 4 2015: 16 2016: 35 2018: 26 2019: 30 2020: 7 2021: 12 2022: 30 2023: 7 2024: 9 2025: 5 19761987199720092020
Days reaching 95°F each complete year, last 50 years. Thirty-year average: 21.6.
Snowfall by winter 1980: 0.0 in 1982: 0.0 in 1985: 0.0 in 1987: 0.0 in 1988: 0.0 in 1989: 0.0 in 1990: 0.0 in 1991: 0.4 in 1992: 0.0 in 1993: 0.0 in 1994: 0.0 in 1995: 0.1 in 1996: 0.2 in 1997: 0.0 in 1998: 0.1 in 1999: 0.0 in 2002: 0.0 in 2003: 10.5 in 2004: 0.0 in 2005: 4.1 in 2006: 1.0 in 2007: 3.0 in 2008: 6.0 in 2009: 5.3 in 2010: 12.0 in 12.0 2015: 0.5 in 2016: 3.1 in 2017: 5.5 in 2018: 0.6 in 2019: 0.0 in 2020: 6.2 in 2021: 1.5 in 2022: 0.6 in 2023: 5.5 in 2024: 6.5 in 2025: 3.6 in 1980199420062020
Total snowfall each winter (July to June), last 50 winters.

Median first snow

January 13

Earliest: November 8, 1991

Median last snow

February 2

Latest: April 13, 2004

15 of 36 winters had no measurable snow.

Station Ames Plantation (USC00400137), 543 ft elevation, 20.8 miles from the population centre. Daily records from 1976 to October 22, 2026; 95.7% of days in the last 30 years are complete. Records at a single station can differ from a city’s official threaded record, which may combine several stations.

NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily.

Federal disaster declarations

17 since 1953. The most recent: Severe Winter Storm, February 6, 2026.

Federal disaster declarations
Feb 6, 2026Winter StormSevere Winter StormMajor disasterDR-4899-MS
Jan 24, 2026Winter StormSevere Winter StormEmergencyEM-3640-MS
Oct 22, 2021HurricaneHurricane IdaMajor disasterDR-4626-MS
Aug 28, 2021HurricaneHurricane IdaEmergencyEM-3569-MS
Apr 5, 2020BiologicalCovid-19 PandemicMajor disasterDR-4528-MS
Mar 13, 2020BiologicalCovid-19EmergencyEM-3474-MS
Jan 4, 2016Severe StormSevere Storms, Tornadoes, Straight-Line Winds, and FloodingMajor disasterDR-4248-MS
Apr 29, 2011Severe StormSevere Storms, Tornadoes, Straight-Line Winds, and Associated FloodingMajor disasterDR-1972-MS
May 14, 2010Severe StormSevere Storms, Tornadoes, and FloodingMajor disasterDR-1916-MS
Aug 30, 2008HurricaneHurricane GustavEmergencyEM-3291-MS
Aug 29, 2005HurricaneHurricane KatrinaMajor disasterDR-1604-MS
Dec 7, 2001Severe StormSevere Storms, Tornadoes and FloodingMajor disasterDR-1398-MS
Feb 18, 1994Severe StormSevere Winter Storm, Freeezing Rain and SleetMajor disasterDR-1009-MS
May 17, 1991Severe StormSevere Storms, Tornadoes & FloodingMajor disasterDR-906-MS
Feb 28, 1990Severe StormSevere Storms, Tornadoes & FloodingMajor disasterDR-859-MS
Feb 22, 1977SnowstormDrought & FreezingEmergencyEM-3032-MS
Feb 22, 1971TornadoStorms & TornadoesMajor disasterDR-302-MS

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries, retrieved October 30, 2026. Statewide declarations are not listed.

How this compares

Where Benton County stands among 82 counties in Mississippi and 3,143 in the United States.

Ranks
Tornadoes since 19501280 / 822,080 / 3,143
Tornadoes rated F3/EF3 or stronger441 / 82387 / 3,143
Tropical cyclones within 50 mi878 / 82861 / 3,143
Hurricane-strength passes within 50 mi0——
Wildfire acres since 19844,20119 / 821,000 / 3,143
Flood insurance claims376 / 822,656 / 3,143
Flood insurance paid$79880 / 822,838 / 3,143
Disaster declarations1780 / 822,018 / 3,143
Flood events since 1996682 / 823,022 / 3,143
Hail and wind events since 19966481 / 822,953 / 3,143
Winter storm events since 1996453 / 822,085 / 3,143
Reported damage since 1996$5.0 million78 / 822,383 / 3,143
River crests at major flood stage0——
High tide flooding days a year, last 10 years0.0——
Months in severe drought since 18959255 / 822,584 / 3,143
Medium or heavy smoke days a year, last 10 years14.317 / 821,721 / 3,143
Earthquakes M4+ within 50 mi since 19000——
Earthquakes M2.5+ in the county since 19730——

Neighbouring counties

Neighbouring counties
Fayette County TN2561,01026
Hardeman County TN22803
Marshall County2496,88013
Tippah County2493,4197
Union County2811019

Sources and vintage

Every number on this page comes from these public records.

  • Tornadoes NOAA Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, through 2025.
  • Tropical cyclones NOAA National Hurricane Center HURDAT2 (Atlantic; Northeast and Central Pacific), through 2025.
  • Wildfire USGS/USFS Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity, through 2026.
  • Storm events NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, through 2026.
  • Flood insurance OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026.
  • Declarations OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries v2, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Weather records NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily, station USC00400137.
  • River crests NOAA National Weather Service, National Water Prediction Service river gauges, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Drought NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, through September 2026.
  • Smoke NOAA NESDIS Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Earthquakes USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog (ComCat), retrieved October 30, 2026.

Joins, thresholds and known limits are set out in the methodology. Found an error? Report it. Page built October 30, 2026.