Morris County

Population 12,133 (2025) 252 sq mi

Morris County has recorded 18 tornadoes since 1950, 197th most of 254 counties in Texas; the most recent was on April 4, 2025.

Hazard fingerprint for Morris County Tornado: 85th percentile. Tropical: 46th percentile. Wildfire: 0th percentile. Flood: 35th percentile. Hail & wind: 64th percentile. Heat: 90th percentile. Cold: 39th percentile. Winter: 26th percentile. TORTROPFIREFLOODSEVEREHEATCOLDWINTER

Hazard fingerprint Each spoke is this county’s percentile among U.S. counties where that hazard occurs. How it is computed

2026
  • Tornado damage paths since 195018
  • Tropical cyclone tracks within 100 miles since 1851, wider where stronger10

At a glance

The record for Morris County in eight numbers. Each links to its section below.

Tornadoes since 1950

18

197th of 254 in Texas

Fewer than the typical Texas county, which has had 35

Details

Tropical cyclones within 50 mi

5

105th of 254 in Texas

None at hurricane strength since 1851

Details

Flood insurance claims

5

181st of 254 in Texas

$27,000 paid since 1979

Details

Strongest tornado

F3

April 30, 1954, 86.3 mile path

Strongest tropical cyclone

TS

Tropical storm (unnamed), 1918, 1.0 miles away

Federal disaster declarations

18

Most recent: Hurricane Beryl, 2024

Details

Record high

118°F

August 10, 1936

Details

Record low

−12°F

February 2, 1951

Details

Tornadoes

About one every 4.2 years since 1950, 2 of them rated F3/EF3 or stronger.

Strongest

April 30, 1954

F3, 86.3 mile path

50 yards wide.

Deadliest

November 4, 2022

1 killed, EF3

8 injured along the whole path.

Most recent

Friday, April 4, 2025

EF2, 4.3 mile path

Within the past year.

Tornadoes by decade Doppler radar era² 1950s: 3 3 1960s: 1 1 1970s: 3 3 1980s: 0 1990s: 2 2 2000s: 3 3 2010s: 2 2 2020s: 4 4 1950s1960s1970s1980s1990s2000s2010s2020s
Recorded tornadoes per decade. The 2020s are incomplete.
Tornadoes by month J: 2 F: 1 M: 2 A: 7 7 M: 1 J: 0 J: 0 A: 1 S: 0 O: 2 N: 2 D: 0 JFMAMJJASOND
By month of occurrence, all years.

Every recorded tornado

Tornadoes in Morris County since 1950
Apr 4, 2025EF24.367300
Mar 4, 2025EF19.073500
Nov 4, 2022EF316.965081
Mar 21, 2022EF240.070080
Oct 24, 2010EF00.97500
Oct 24, 2010EF03.07500
Apr 9, 2009EF15.815000
Apr 23, 2000F27.018000
Apr 23, 2000F216.815000
Jan 11, 1998F16.63000
May 16, 1990F20.21000
Jan 10, 1975F20.321300
Nov 24, 1973F21.020000
Apr 25, 1970F214.910000
Aug 12, 1964F00.220000
Apr 3, 1957F20.11000
Apr 30, 1954F386.35010
Feb 11, 1950F24.56760
  1. Injuries and deaths are for the tornado’s whole path, which may extend beyond the county. Deaths recorded within Morris County: 1.
  2. Weak tornadoes were under-recorded before Doppler radar coverage became national in the early 1990s, so earlier decades read low. Ratings use the Fujita scale before February 2007 and the Enhanced Fujita scale after.

Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, 1950 to 2025.

Hurricanes and tropical storms

5 passed within 50 miles since 1851; none at hurricane strength.

Strongest within 50 miles

August 7, 1918

Unnamed storm, Tropical storm

1.0 miles at closest approach, winds near 46 mph.

Most recent

September 14, 2008

Ike, Tropical storm

10.7 miles at closest approach.

Tropical cyclones within 50 miles by decade 50s: 0 60s: 0 70s: 0 80s: 0 90s: 0 00s: 0 10s: 1 20s: 0 30s: 0 40s: 2 2 50s: 0 60s: 0 70s: 0 80s: 0 90s: 0 00s: 2 10s: 0 20s: 0 50s60s70s80s90s00s10s20s30s40s50s60s70s80s90s00s10s20s
Storms within 50 miles, by decade. Records before about 1900 miss storms that never reached land or ships.

Every storm within 100 miles

Tropical cyclones within 100 miles
Ike200810.7Tropical storm40Category 4
Rita200540.0Tropical storm40Category 5
Unnamed194728.8Tropical storm41Category 4
Unnamed194143.8Tropical storm44Category 3
Unnamed19181.0Tropical storm46Category 3
Unnamed190280.4Tropical storm40Category 1
Unnamed189155.8Tropical storm53Category 1
Unnamed188678.2Tropical storm58Category 3
Unnamed187960.5Tropical storm55Category 2
Unnamed186578.8Tropical storm46Category 2
  1. Tropical storms and hurricanes (34 kt or more, still tropical) at closest approach. Post-tropical remnants with gale-force winds are listed but not counted. Direct: track within 50 miles; near: within 100 miles. Distance is measured to the county boundary for counties and to the city centre for cities, using positions interpolated hourly between HURDAT2 fixes.

National Hurricane Center HURDAT2, 1851 to 2025.

Wildfire and smoke

No large wildfire has been mapped here since satellite mapping began in 1984.

Smoke overhead

Smokiest year

2023: 44 days

Heavy smoke on 4 days in 2021, the most of any year.

Last 10 years

13.9 days a year

Medium or heavy smoke, 2016 to 2025.

2025

5 days

Medium or heavy smoke. 20 so far in 2026.

Days with medium or heavy smoke overhead, by year 2011: 13 2012: 11 2013: 5 2014: 3 2015: 4 2016: 0 2017: 3 2018: 6 2019: 3 2020: 9 2021: 28 2022: 23 2023: 44 44 2024: 18 2025: 5 201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022202320242025
Days each year on which a satellite-traced plume of medium or heavy smoke covered the county’s population centre, 2011 to 2025.
  1. A smoke day is a date on which a smoke plume traced by NOAA Hazard Mapping System analysts from satellite imagery covered this place's point (the county's population centre or the city centre). Counts here are of medium or heavy smoke. Since 2018 analysts have often drawn light smoke as one area over most of the continent, so light-smoke counts are not comparable from year to year. The plumes show smoke anywhere in the air above, not air quality at the ground, and smoke hidden by cloud is missed.

NOAA Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, 2011 to 2026, retrieved October 30, 2026.

Floods and flood insurance

5 federal flood insurance claims since 1979, with $27,000 paid.

Federal flood insurance claims by year
Claims per year since 1979. Years with fewer than five claims are not shown.

Flood events since 1996

  • Flash Flood13

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026. NOAA Storm Events through 2026.

Drought

In severe drought or worse for 171 of 1,581 months since 1895 (11%); the longest spell lasted 18 months.

171

Months in severe drought or worse since 1895

56

Months in extreme drought

11%

Share of all months, severe or worse

57

Drought reports to the Weather Service since 1996

Lowest reading

August 2011

−5.73, extreme drought

Longest severe spell

18 months

September 1910 to February 1912.

Latest month

September 2026

−4.78, extreme drought

Months in severe drought or worse, by year 1895: 0 1896: 6 1897: 3 1898: 2 1899: 2 1900: 4 1901: 0 1902: 0 1903: 0 1904: 0 1905: 0 1906: 0 1907: 0 1908: 0 1909: 2 1910: 4 1911: 12 12 1912: 2 1913: 1 1914: 0 1915: 0 1916: 0 1917: 9 1918: 12 1919: 2 1920: 0 1921: 0 1922: 0 1923: 0 1924: 3 1925: 9 1926: 0 1927: 0 1928: 0 1929: 0 1930: 0 1931: 0 1932: 0 1933: 0 1934: 5 1935: 0 1936: 6 1937: 0 1938: 0 1939: 2 1940: 0 1941: 0 1942: 0 1943: 0 1944: 0 1945: 0 1946: 0 1947: 0 1948: 0 1949: 0 1950: 0 1951: 0 1952: 2 1953: 0 1954: 2 1955: 0 1956: 9 1957: 2 1958: 0 1959: 0 1960: 0 1961: 0 1962: 0 1963: 3 1964: 4 1965: 0 1966: 1 1967: 0 1968: 0 1969: 0 1970: 0 1971: 0 1972: 0 1973: 0 1974: 0 1975: 0 1976: 0 1977: 0 1978: 4 1979: 0 1980: 0 1981: 1 1982: 0 1983: 0 1984: 0 1985: 0 1986: 0 1987: 0 1988: 0 1989: 0 1990: 0 1991: 0 1992: 0 1993: 0 1994: 0 1995: 0 1996: 4 1997: 0 1998: 2 1999: 0 2000: 1 2001: 0 2002: 0 2003: 0 2004: 0 2005: 6 2006: 11 2007: 0 2008: 0 2009: 0 2010: 0 2011: 10 2012: 7 2013: 5 2014: 0 2015: 0 2016: 0 2017: 0 2018: 0 2019: 0 2020: 0 2021: 0 2022: 3 2023: 0 2024: 0 2025: 0 18951905191519251935194519551965197519851995200520152025
Months each year with a Palmer index of −3 or lower, 1895 to 2025. Twelve means the whole year.
  1. The Palmer Drought Severity Index is computed by NOAA each month from the county's average temperature and precipitation, relative to the county's own climate. Zero is normal; -3 or lower is severe drought and -4 or lower extreme drought. It describes the long-term balance of moisture, not water supply or crop losses.

NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, 1895 to September 2026, issued October 6, 2026.

Earthquakes

10 earthquakes of magnitude 2.5 or more within 50 miles since 2021; none reached magnitude 4.

0

Magnitude 2.5+ inside the county since 1973

7

Magnitude 3+ within 50 miles since 1973

0

Magnitude 4+ within 50 miles since 1900

0

Magnitude 5+ within 50 miles since 1900

Largest within 50 miles

January 18, 2025

Magnitude 3.5

0 km WSW of Mooringsport, Louisiana; 41.9 miles away, 3.1 miles deep.

Most recent, magnitude 3 or more

January 18, 2025

Magnitude 3.5

0 km WSW of Mooringsport, Louisiana; 41.9 miles away.

Earthquakes of magnitude 3 or more within 50 miles, by year 1973: 0 1974: 0 1975: 0 1976: 0 1977: 0 1978: 0 1979: 0 1980: 0 1981: 0 1982: 0 1983: 0 1984: 0 1985: 0 1986: 0 1987: 0 1988: 0 1989: 0 1990: 0 1991: 0 1992: 0 1993: 0 1994: 0 1995: 0 1996: 0 1997: 0 1998: 0 1999: 0 2000: 0 2001: 0 2002: 0 2003: 0 2004: 0 2005: 0 2006: 0 2007: 0 2008: 0 2009: 0 2010: 0 2011: 0 2012: 0 2013: 0 2014: 0 2015: 0 2016: 0 2017: 0 2018: 0 2019: 0 2020: 0 2021: 2 2 2022: 1 2023: 0 2024: 2 2025: 2 19731978198319881993199820032008201320182023
Per year, 1973 to 2025.
  1. Earthquakes of magnitude 2.5 or more in the USGS Comprehensive Catalog since 1900. Within 50 miles means the epicentre lies within 50 miles of the county boundary (or inside the county).
  2. Small earthquakes were under-recorded before the modern seismic networks of the 1970s and are still missed in remote areas, so early decades read low. Magnitudes are as the catalogue reports them and mix scales (moment, local and body-wave).

USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog, 1900 to present, retrieved October 30, 2026.

Severe weather and other events

417 events in the National Weather Service record, 342 of them since 1996.

50

Hail reports, 1 inch or larger

5

Hail, 2 inches or larger

81

Damaging gusts, 58 mph+

38

Winter weather events since 1996

78

Heat events since 1996

7

Cold events since 1996

Largest hail

January 18, 1995

2.50 inches

Strongest measured or estimated gust

June 13, 1997

104 mph

More event types since 1996

Other Storm Events types since 1996
Lightning200Jul 8, 2017

Costliest events since 1996

  1. Nov 4, 2022Tornado$5.0 million
    National Weather Service narrative

    The supercell thunderstorm which produced a brief and weak tornado in eastern Camp County then went on to produce a stronger and longer-lasting tornado from southwestern Morris County and into northwestern Cass County. This EF-3 tornado with estimated maximum winds of 155 mph initially started along FM-144 south of the Cason community and very quickly became quite destructive, producing EF-3 damage to a home, and EF-2 damage to multiple structures before tracking northeast to Texas Highway 11. A few mobile homes were destroyed near the start of the tornado which resulted in several injuries. The tornado continued to track northeast from Texas Highway 11 to Highway 49, doing mostly…

  2. Jun 13, 1997Thunderstorm Wind$850,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Winds reported by Storm Spotters. Roofs were torn from homes and businesses with numerous pines were snapped and fell onto homes and power lines. So many power lines were topped that power outages lasted for several weeks in many areas. Power companies from Dallas-Ft. Worth, Texas and Texarkana, AR were called in to help with the repairs.

  3. Apr 4, 2025Tornado$750,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    A EF-2 tornado with estimated maximum winds near 120 mph touched down along Sand Crossing Road/CR 4428 just north of Big Cypress Bayou, downing tree limbs and snapping a couple of softwood tree trunks. The tornado moved northeast, crossing CR 2225 and moved along or just west of CR 2223 on the western shore of Ellison Creek Reservoir. A large amount of tree damage consisting of snaps and uproots were observed. The tornado then strengthened to EF-2 intensity when it damaged three homes northeast of CR 2236. The most significant structural damage was to a house that had its garage door buckled, allowing the tornadic winds inside the home, which uplifted and removed most of the roof…

  4. Sep 13, 2008Tropical Storm, Morris$200,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    The remnants of Tropical Storm Ike resulted in numerous trees and power lines downed across all of the county. Widespread power outages were reported across the county as well during the height of the storm which continued after the storm had passed. A business was damaged in Naples, Texas when an awning to the store was peeled back. Another business in town was also damaged.

  5. Apr 10, 2008Thunderstorm Wind$150,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Several trees and powerlines were downed throughout the county. Damaging wind gusts downed one of the oldest trees in Naples, Texas to fall and cause extensive damage to one of the oldest in town. Other trees were reported down at the intersection of Hwy 338 and FM 161 along with others in the Omaha area as well. Wind also leveled the outfield fence at the Pewitt baseball field and uprooted the pole vault pit at the football field.

  6. May 15, 2008Thunderstorm Wind$40,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Strong and damaging wind gusts downed trees south of town. One tree fell onto a carport and roof of a home south of town near Hwy 259.

  7. Sep 5, 2007Thunderstorm Wind$30,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Damaging wind gusts took the top out of some trees near a home. The storm also demolished a barn and utility building and blew some shingles off the roof of the home.

  8. Jul 8, 2017Lightning$30,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Lightning struck a cluster of trees at Daingerfield State Park from a thunderstorm that moved near the park. At least five trees showed signs of lightning damage, with the strike causing the main underground water and sewer lines to explode. It also blew the phone box off of the pump station and smoked all of the outlets in the Big Pine Bathhouse. Pieces of the concrete sidewalk blew at several joints leading to the bathhouse. The extent of this damage caused the closure of the park until repairs could be made.

  9. Jan 7, 2010Cold/Wind Chill, Morris$30,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Bitterly cold temperatures swept into the region during the evening hours of January 7th with a hard freeze being observed nearly through the morning hours of January 10th. During this period of time...overnight and early morning low temperatures were well into the teens with daytime high temperatures struggling to make it to the freezing mark. The cold temperatures froze water pipes of many homes throughout the county. Some city and county water lines burst as well resulting in many residents either without water for a short period of time or with reduced water pressure.

  10. Apr 23, 2000Tornado$28,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    This tornado developed in a high precipitation supercell as it moved eastward across the county. Numerous large pine and oak trees were snapped and broken. Several barns were damaged but the tornado stayed mostly across rural farmland and forests. This tornado is a continuation of the Titus County, TX tornado.

  1. Storm Events records before 1996 cover only tornadoes, thunderstorm wind and hail. Damage figures are as reported by the National Weather Service at the time, not adjusted for inflation.

NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, 1950 to 2026, issued October 26, 2026.

Weather records

From Mount Pleasant, 17.7 miles from the county’s population centre, with records from 1905.

All-time high
118°FAug 10, 1936
All-time low
−12°FFeb 2, 1951
Warmest night
87°FAug 10, 1947
Coldest day
14°F2 times, most recently Dec 25, 1983
Wettest day
8.06 inNov 5, 1994
Snowiest day
7.2 inFeb 15, 2021
Hottest year
1921mean 68.3°F
Coldest year
1976mean 61.1°F
Wettest year
201569.75 in
Driest year
200524.41 in
Snowiest season
12.8 in1929-30
Average monthly high and low temperature and precipitation, last 30 years, Mount Pleasant 32°F 57° 32° 3.5 Jan 61° 36° 3.9 Feb 70° 43° 4.2 Mar 77° 51° 4.7 Apr 84° 61° 4.8 May 91° 69° 4.5 Jun 95° 72° 2.5 Jul 97° 71° 2.7 Aug 91° 64° 3.1 Sep 80° 52° 3.7 Oct 68° 42° 3.4 Nov 60° 35° 4.5 Dec Precipitation, inches
Average daily high and low by month, and average monthly precipitation, over the last 30 years.
Days reaching 95°F per year 1976: 28 1977: 61 1978: 79 1979: 31 1980: 88 1981: 46 1982: 41 1983: 49 1984: 47 1985: 49 1986: 42 1987: 45 1989: 11 1992: 3 1993: 46 1994: 20 1995: 58 1996: 25 1997: 34 1998: 91 1999: 43 2000: 60 2002: 50 2003: 36 2004: 19 2005: 108 108 2006: 77 2008: 22 2009: 22 2010: 48 2011: 91 2012: 49 2014: 38 2015: 65 2017: 35 2018: 75 2019: 48 2020: 35 2021: 32 2022: 85 2023: 94 2024: 78 2025: 93 19761986199920112023
Days reaching 95°F each complete year, last 50 years. Thirty-year average: 55.9.
Snowfall by winter 1976: 5.4 in 1977: 10.7 in 1979: 1.0 in 1980: 0.0 in 1981: 2.0 in 1982: 0.0 in 1983: 7.5 in 1984: 5.7 in 1985: 0.0 in 1986: 0.7 in 1987: 1.0 in 1989: 0.0 in 1990: 0.0 in 1991: 0.1 in 1992: 0.0 in 1993: 0.4 in 1995: 3.8 in 1996: 5.1 in 1997: 0.2 in 1998: 0.3 in 1999: 1.3 in 2000: 6.3 in 2001: 6.5 in 2002: 0.3 in 2003: 5.0 in 2004: 0.8 in 2005: 0.0 in 2006: 0.2 in 2007: 0.0 in 2008: 0.0 in 2009: 8.5 in 2010: 12.5 in 12.5 2011: 0.0 in 2012: 4.1 in 2013: 0.2 in 2014: 6.1 in 2015: 0.0 in 2016: 0.0 in 2017: 0.2 in 2018: 0.0 in 2019: 0.1 in 2020: 11.0 in 2021: 0.0 in 2022: 0.0 in 2023: 0.3 in 2024: 0.0 in 2025: 1.5 in 19761987199920092019
Total snowfall each winter (July to June), last 50 winters.

Median first snow

January 13

Earliest: November 8, 1991

Median last snow

February 2

Latest: March 29, 1987

45 of 102 winters had no measurable snow.

Station Mount Pleasant (USC00416108), 365 ft elevation, 17.7 miles from the population centre. Daily records from 1905 to October 20, 2026; 96.1% of days in the last 30 years are complete. Records at a single station can differ from a city’s official threaded record, which may combine several stations.

NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily.

Federal disaster declarations

18 since 1953. The most recent: Hurricane Beryl, July 9, 2024.

Federal disaster declarations
Jul 9, 2024HurricaneHurricane BerylMajor disasterDR-4798-TX
May 17, 2024FloodSevere Storms, Straight-Line Winds, Tornadoes, and FloodingMajor disasterDR-4781-TX
Feb 19, 2021Severe Ice StormSevere Winter StormsMajor disasterDR-4586-TX
Feb 14, 2021Severe Ice StormSevere Winter StormEmergencyEM-3554-TX
Aug 24, 2020HurricaneTropical Storms Marco and LauraEmergencyEM-3540-TX
Mar 25, 2020BiologicalCovid-19 PandemicMajor disasterDR-4485-TX
Mar 13, 2020BiologicalCovid-19EmergencyEM-3458-TX
Sep 9, 2011FireWildfiresMajor disasterDR-4029-TX
Jul 1, 2011FireWildfiresMajor disasterDR-1999-TX
Sep 13, 2008HurricaneHurricane IkeMajor disasterDR-1791-TX
Jan 11, 2006FireExtreme Wildfire ThreatMajor disasterDR-1624-TX
Sep 24, 2005HurricaneHurricane RitaMajor disasterDR-1606-TX
Sep 21, 2005HurricaneHurricane RitaEmergencyEM-3261-TX
Sep 2, 2005HurricaneHurricane Katrina EvacuationEmergencyEM-3216-TX
Jan 8, 2001Severe Ice StormSevere Winter Ice StormMajor disasterDR-1356-TX
Sep 1, 1999FireExtreme Fire HazardsEmergencyEM-3142-TX
Aug 26, 1998Severe StormTropical Storm CharleyMajor disasterDR-1239-TX
May 12, 1966FloodSevere Storms & FloodingMajor disasterDR-218-TX

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries, retrieved October 30, 2026. Statewide declarations are not listed.

How this compares

Where Morris County stands among 254 counties in Texas and 3,143 in the United States.

Ranks
Tornadoes since 195018197 / 2541,686 / 3,143
Tornadoes rated F3/EF3 or stronger283 / 254866 / 3,143
Tropical cyclones within 50 mi5105 / 254967 / 3,143
Hurricane-strength passes within 50 mi0——
Wildfire acres since 19840——
Flood insurance claims5181 / 2542,561 / 3,143
Flood insurance paid$27,000187 / 2542,605 / 3,143
Disaster declarations18155 / 2541,866 / 3,143
Flood events since 199613236 / 2542,802 / 3,143
Hail and wind events since 1996134192 / 2542,514 / 3,143
Winter storm events since 19963878 / 2542,244 / 3,143
Reported damage since 1996$7.2 million164 / 2542,167 / 3,143
River crests at major flood stage0——
High tide flooding days a year, last 10 years0.0——
Months in severe drought since 1895171162 / 254536 / 3,143
Medium or heavy smoke days a year, last 10 years13.925 / 2541,815 / 3,143
Earthquakes M4+ within 50 mi since 19000——
Earthquakes M2.5+ in the county since 19730——

Neighbouring counties

Neighbouring counties
Bowie County586679242
Camp County14503
Cass County72924,38030
Marion County22920,13746
Red River County4039,9440
Titus County27306
Upshur County2662,8638

Sources and vintage

Every number on this page comes from these public records.

  • Tornadoes NOAA Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, through 2025.
  • Tropical cyclones NOAA National Hurricane Center HURDAT2 (Atlantic; Northeast and Central Pacific), through 2025.
  • Wildfire USGS/USFS Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity, through 2026.
  • Storm events NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, through 2026.
  • Flood insurance OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026.
  • Declarations OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries v2, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Weather records NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily, station USC00416108.
  • River crests NOAA National Weather Service, National Water Prediction Service river gauges, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Drought NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, through September 2026.
  • Smoke NOAA NESDIS Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Earthquakes USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog (ComCat), retrieved October 30, 2026.

Joins, thresholds and known limits are set out in the methodology. Found an error? Report it. Page built October 30, 2026.