Shawano County

Population 41,560 (2025) 893 sq mi

Shawano County has recorded 29 tornadoes since 1950, 23rd most of 72 counties in Wisconsin; the most recent was on April 28, 2025.

Hazard fingerprint for Shawano County Tornado: 42th percentile. Tropical: 0th percentile. Wildfire: 0th percentile. Flood: 9th percentile. Hail & wind: 24th percentile. Heat: 33th percentile. Cold: 65th percentile. Winter: 69th percentile. TORTROPFIREFLOODSEVEREHEATCOLDWINTER

Hazard fingerprint Each spoke is this county’s percentile among U.S. counties where that hazard occurs. How it is computed

2026
  • Tornado damage paths since 195029

At a glance

The record for Shawano County in eight numbers. Each links to its section below.

Tornadoes since 1950

29

23rd of 72 in Wisconsin

About as many as the typical Wisconsin county

Details

Flood insurance claims

12

58th of 72 in Wisconsin

$294,000 paid since 1979

Details

Strongest tornado

EF3

June 7, 2007, 40.1 mile path

Federal disaster declarations

8

Most recent: Covid-19 Pandemic, 2020

Details

Record high

109°F

July 12, 1936

Details

Record low

−39°F

February 11, 1899

Details

Snowiest season

83.7in

Winter of 1928-29

Costliest event since 1996

$300K

Thunderstorm Wind, July 16, 1997

Details

Tornadoes

About one every 2.6 years since 1950, 3 of them rated F3/EF3 or stronger.

Strongest

June 7, 2007

EF3, 40.1 mile path

1,320 yards wide.

Most recent

Monday, April 28, 2025

EF0, 6.2 mile path

Within the past year.

Tornadoes by decade Doppler radar era² 1950s: 0 1960s: 2 2 1970s: 2 2 1980s: 5 5 1990s: 2 2 2000s: 2 2 2010s: 10 10 2020s: 6 6 1950s1960s1970s1980s1990s2000s2010s2020s
Recorded tornadoes per decade. The 2020s are incomplete.
Tornadoes by month J: 0 F: 0 M: 0 A: 4 M: 2 J: 14 14 J: 3 A: 2 S: 2 O: 1 N: 0 D: 1 JFMAMJJASOND
By month of occurrence, all years.

Every recorded tornado

Tornadoes in Shawano County since 1950
Apr 28, 2025EF06.26500
Apr 28, 2025EF01.95500
Jun 15, 2022EF18.28000
Jun 15, 2022EF10.65000
Jun 15, 2022EF19.512500
Aug 11, 2021EF00.44100
Oct 3, 2018EF01.02500
Jun 14, 2017EF03.05000
Jun 14, 2017EF15.815000
Jun 14, 2017EF15.17500
Jun 14, 2017EF14.010000
Jun 14, 2017EF00.12500
Jun 4, 2016EF00.05000
Jul 6, 2015EF00.12500
May 17, 2015EF04.87500
Aug 23, 2011EF00.25000
Jun 7, 2007EF340.11,32030
Jun 3, 2007EF00.11000
Jul 8, 1994F10.27300
Sep 14, 1991F00.12300
Jun 26, 1984F14.05000
Apr 27, 1984F332.044000
Jul 3, 1983F10.55000
Sep 20, 1980F10.51000
May 30, 1980F12.05000
Apr 12, 1974F210.715010
Dec 1, 1970F231.920000
Jun 26, 1969F315.310010
Jun 9, 1964F10.11000
  1. Injuries and deaths are for the tornado’s whole path, which may extend beyond the county. Deaths recorded within Shawano County: 0.
  2. Weak tornadoes were under-recorded before Doppler radar coverage became national in the early 1990s, so earlier decades read low. Ratings use the Fujita scale before February 2007 and the Enhanced Fujita scale after.

Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, 1950 to 2025.

Hurricanes and tropical storms

No tropical storm or hurricane has tracked within 100 miles since records began in 1851.

Wildfire and smoke

No large wildfire has been mapped here since satellite mapping began in 1984.

Smoke overhead

Smokiest year

2023: 77 days

Heavy smoke on 22 days in 2023, the most of any year.

Last 10 years

27.4 days a year

Medium or heavy smoke, 2016 to 2025.

2025

23 days

Medium or heavy smoke. 41 so far in 2026.

Days with medium or heavy smoke overhead, by year 2011: 4 2012: 13 2013: 12 2014: 16 2015: 16 2016: 7 2017: 12 2018: 21 2019: 15 2020: 15 2021: 46 2022: 21 2023: 77 77 2024: 37 2025: 23 201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022202320242025
Days each year on which a satellite-traced plume of medium or heavy smoke covered the county’s population centre, 2011 to 2025.
  1. A smoke day is a date on which a smoke plume traced by NOAA Hazard Mapping System analysts from satellite imagery covered this place's point (the county's population centre or the city centre). Counts here are of medium or heavy smoke. Since 2018 analysts have often drawn light smoke as one area over most of the continent, so light-smoke counts are not comparable from year to year. The plumes show smoke anywhere in the air above, not air quality at the ground, and smoke hidden by cloud is missed.

NOAA Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, 2011 to 2026, retrieved October 30, 2026.

Floods and flood insurance

12 federal flood insurance claims since 1979, with $294,000 paid.

Federal flood insurance claims by year 2019: 5 5 2019
Claims per year since 1979. Years with fewer than five claims are not shown.

Most claims in one year

2019: 5 claims

$97,000 paid.

Flood events since 1996

  • Flood7
  • Flash Flood4

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026. NOAA Storm Events through 2026.

River crests

Most severe crest

April 15, 2026

Embarrass River near Embarrass, 12.36 ft

5.36 feet above the 7.0 ft flood stage; major flooding by today’s categories.

Most recent moderate or major crest

April 15, 2026

Embarrass River near Embarrass, 12.36 ft

Major flooding.

Highest river crests above flood stage
Apr 15, 2026Embarrass River near Embarrass12.36+5.36Major
Apr 12, 1965Embarrass River near Embarrass12.13+5.13Major
Apr 19, 2019Embarrass River near Embarrass11.80+4.80Major
Apr 10, 1923Embarrass River near Embarrass11.60+4.60Major
Jun 19, 1996Embarrass River near Embarrass10.81+3.81Moderate
Jun 28, 1969Embarrass River near Embarrass10.05+3.05Moderate
Mar 30, 2004Embarrass River near Embarrass9.72+2.72Moderate
May 7, 1960Embarrass River near Embarrass9.72+2.72Moderate
Jun 1, 1943Embarrass River near Embarrass9.35+2.35Minor
Mar 17, 2016Embarrass River near Embarrass9.17+2.17Minor
Apr 11, 2011Embarrass River near Embarrass9.06+2.06Minor
Apr 2, 1952Embarrass River near Embarrass9.02+2.02Minor
Mar 31, 1967Embarrass River near Embarrass9.00+2.00Minor
Apr 20, 1994Embarrass River near Embarrass9.00+2.00Minor
Apr 22, 1923Embarrass River near Embarrass8.80+1.80Minor
Mar 23, 1953Embarrass River near Embarrass8.79+1.79Minor
Mar 27, 1939Embarrass River near Embarrass8.76+1.76Minor
Sep 6, 2014Embarrass River near Embarrass8.68+1.68Minor
Apr 16, 2026Wolf River (WI) near Shawano12.65+1.65Minor
Apr 8, 1929Embarrass River near Embarrass8.50+1.50Minor
Mar 28, 1961Embarrass River near Embarrass8.50+1.50Minor
Jul 10, 2000Wolf River (WI) near Shawano12.45+1.45Minor
Mar 21, 1921Embarrass River near Embarrass8.40+1.40Minor
Mar 30, 2020Embarrass River near Embarrass8.23+1.23Minor
Apr 20, 1972Embarrass River near Embarrass8.20+1.20Minor

River gauges

River gauges and their highest listed crests
Embarrass River near Embarrass7.012.36 ftApr 15, 20264
Red River (WI) near Gresham11.09.00 ftApr 18, 20190
Wolf River (WI) near Shawano11.012.65 ftApr 16, 20260
  1. Crests are the highest and the recent crests the National Weather Service lists for each river gauge in the county that has a flood stage, not every flood. Flood categories use each gauge's current flood stages; crests from before levees, dams or channel changes may not be comparable. Crests measured on an old datum are left out of the rankings.

NOAA National Water Prediction Service gauge records, retrieved October 30, 2026.

Drought

In severe drought or worse for 108 of 1,581 months since 1895 (7%); the longest spell lasted 19 months.

108

Months in severe drought or worse since 1895

35

Months in extreme drought

7%

Share of all months, severe or worse

20

Drought reports to the Weather Service since 1996

Lowest reading

February 1977

−7.13, extreme drought

Longest severe spell

19 months

September 1976 to March 1978.

Latest month

September 2026

+1.81, slightly wet

Last severe month: December 2025.

Months in severe drought or worse, by year 1895: 3 1896: 3 1897: 0 1898: 0 1899: 0 1900: 0 1901: 0 1902: 0 1903: 0 1904: 0 1905: 0 1906: 0 1907: 0 1908: 0 1909: 1 1910: 7 1911: 4 1912: 0 1913: 0 1914: 0 1915: 0 1916: 0 1917: 0 1918: 0 1919: 0 1920: 0 1921: 0 1922: 0 1923: 0 1924: 2 1925: 0 1926: 0 1927: 0 1928: 0 1929: 0 1930: 1 1931: 8 1932: 1 1933: 4 1934: 8 1935: 0 1936: 0 1937: 1 1938: 0 1939: 0 1940: 0 1941: 0 1942: 0 1943: 0 1944: 0 1945: 0 1946: 0 1947: 0 1948: 4 1949: 0 1950: 0 1951: 0 1952: 0 1953: 2 1954: 3 1955: 0 1956: 1 1957: 0 1958: 0 1959: 0 1960: 0 1961: 0 1962: 0 1963: 1 1964: 6 1965: 0 1966: 0 1967: 0 1968: 0 1969: 0 1970: 0 1971: 0 1972: 0 1973: 0 1974: 3 1975: 0 1976: 4 1977: 12 12 1978: 3 1979: 0 1980: 0 1981: 0 1982: 0 1983: 0 1984: 0 1985: 0 1986: 0 1987: 1 1988: 7 1989: 8 1990: 4 1991: 0 1992: 0 1993: 0 1994: 0 1995: 0 1996: 0 1997: 0 1998: 1 1999: 1 2000: 2 2001: 0 2002: 0 2003: 0 2004: 0 2005: 0 2006: 0 2007: 0 2008: 1 2009: 0 2010: 0 2011: 0 2012: 0 2013: 0 2014: 0 2015: 0 2016: 0 2017: 0 2018: 0 2019: 0 2020: 0 2021: 0 2022: 0 2023: 0 2024: 0 2025: 1 18951905191519251935194519551965197519851995200520152025
Months each year with a Palmer index of −3 or lower, 1895 to 2025. Twelve means the whole year.
  1. The Palmer Drought Severity Index is computed by NOAA each month from the county's average temperature and precipitation, relative to the county's own climate. Zero is normal; -3 or lower is severe drought and -4 or lower extreme drought. It describes the long-term balance of moisture, not water supply or crop losses.

NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, 1895 to September 2026, issued October 6, 2026.

Earthquakes

2 earthquakes of magnitude 2.5 or more within 50 miles since 1905; none reached magnitude 4.

0

Magnitude 2.5+ inside the county since 1973

0

Magnitude 3+ within 50 miles since 1973

0

Magnitude 4+ within 50 miles since 1900

0

Magnitude 5+ within 50 miles since 1900

Largest within 50 miles

March 13, 1905

Magnitude 3.4

Near Marinette, Wisconsin; 28.7 miles away.

Most recent, magnitude 3 or more

March 13, 1905

Magnitude 3.4

Near Marinette, Wisconsin; 28.7 miles away.

  1. Earthquakes of magnitude 2.5 or more in the USGS Comprehensive Catalog since 1900. Within 50 miles means the epicentre lies within 50 miles of the county boundary (or inside the county).
  2. Small earthquakes were under-recorded before the modern seismic networks of the 1970s and are still missed in remote areas, so early decades read low. Magnitudes are as the catalogue reports them and mix scales (moment, local and body-wave).

USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog, 1900 to present, retrieved October 30, 2026.

Severe weather and other events

469 events in the National Weather Service record, 405 of them since 1996.

51

Hail reports, 1 inch or larger

5

Hail, 2 inches or larger

123

Damaging gusts, 58 mph+

100

Winter weather events since 1996

5

Heat events since 1996

15

Cold events since 1996

Largest hail

July 27, 2026

4.50 inches

Strongest measured or estimated gust

July 14, 2010

96 mph

More event types since 1996

Other Storm Events types since 1996
Lightning601Aug 23, 2011
Dense fog and smoke1107Dec 14, 2014

Costliest events since 1996

  1. Jul 16, 1997Thunderstorm Wind$300,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Severe thunderstorms affected much of northern, central and east-central Wisconsin during the afternoon and evening of July 16 with tornadoes, downburst winds and large hail. Millions of dollars in damage resulted from the biggest severe weather outbreak to affect the region in years.The storms began to develop early in the afternoon across north-central Wisconsin. Hail the size of baseballs fell in Minocqua (Oneida co.), damaging nearly 200 vehicles. As those storms moved southeast and weakened, a new supercell thunderstorm developed over Lincoln county. This new storm produced wind damage in Tomahawk and softball size hail northeast of Merrill. About 20 minutes later, a tornado…

  2. Jul 30, 2002Thunderstorm Wind$100,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Thunderstorms moved through Wisconsin in very warm and unstable air ahead of a cold front. Severe thunderstorm winds and tornadoes downed trees and power lines and damaged buildings across a large swath of central, north central and east central Wisconsin. Thousands of trees and power lines were downed by high winds from the storms. An 11 year old Boy Scout was killed and another was seriously injured when trees landed on their tent at Camp Napowan (Waushara co.).High winds pushed a house off its foundation and blew a boat and trailer into a neighbor's yard near Merrill (Lincoln co.). Some downed trees damaged or destroyed buildings or vehicles when they fell. A church steeple was…

  3. May 17, 2017Thunderstorm Wind$100,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Thunderstorm winds downed at least two dozen trees, causing damage to eight houses on the north shore of Shawano Lake.

  4. Aug 21, 2013Thunderstorm Wind$75,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    A severe thunderstorm with estimated winds of 85 to 95 mph, caused damage to trees and two houses in Gresham. Both houses lost portions of the roof deck, in addition to several dozen trees on the property.

  5. Jun 14, 2017Tornado$75,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    An EF1 tornado formed and moved north-northeast on the west side of the city of Pulaski. The tornado ripped off a garage door and one side of the garage collapsed inward (DI 2, DOD 4). Another nearby garage door (on a different property) collapsed and one side was heavily damaged (DI 2, DOD 4). In addition, a barn's roof was collapsed (DI 1, DOD 5). Several dozen trees were uprooted in wet soil or heavily damaged (DI 27 and 28, DOD 2 and 3) in the path of the tornado.

  6. Jul 20, 2010Thunderstorm Wind$50,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Thunderstorm winds downed or snapped numerous trees and downed power lines throughout Wittenburg. The Wittenberg-Birnamwood High School had about 75 feet of its rubber membrane roof and underlying foam insulation peeled from the west side of the gymnasium. Several large pine trees along the south side of the school were uprooted. A camper trailer was blown from its support pad and rolled about 40 feet before resting on its roof. Two of the three pools at the water treatment plant had portions of their plastic thermal covers blown off. Downed trees blocked State Highway 45 causing authorities to close the road for several hours. More than 140 homes were damaged, but damage to most…

  7. Aug 28, 2003Thunderstorm Wind$50,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Thunderstorms developed ahead of a warm front that moved north across Wisconsin. The storms downed numerous trees and power lines. Dime size hail fell for 10 minutes one mile east of Pulaski (Brown co.).

  8. Jul 14, 2010Thunderstorm Wind$35,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Thunderstorm winds downed trees at numerous locations across western Shawano County. The most concentrated damage was about 3 miles northwest of Bowler where estimated wind gusts of 85 to 95 mph from a microburst caused significant damage. A stand of pine trees 200 yards wide by 400 yards long was almost completely flattened with several trees snapped about 10 to 15 feet above the ground. A home and work shed were damaged by fallen trees and a truck was crushed. About a mile to the east a barn and outbuilding were flattened by the wind.

  9. Jun 14, 2017Tornado$25,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    This tornado, west of Angelica, heavily damaged an old barn (DI 1, DOD 6) and partially tore the roof off an outbuilding (DI 1, DOD 2). Another old barn had most of its roof blown off (DI 1, DOD 5). A nearby home had roof damage (DI 2, DOD 2) and its garage door partially collapsed inward.

  10. Aug 23, 2011Lightning$20,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    A house in the Town of Maple Grove was struck by lightning, causing a fire that destroyed its second floor. Time and damage total are estimates.

  1. Storm Events records before 1996 cover only tornadoes, thunderstorm wind and hail. Damage figures are as reported by the National Weather Service at the time, not adjusted for inflation.

NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, 1950 to 2026, issued October 26, 2026.

Weather records

From Shawano 2SSW, 3.5 miles from the county’s population centre, with records from 1893.

All-time high
109°FJul 12, 1936
All-time low
−39°FFeb 11, 1899
Warmest night
82°FJun 23, 1950
Coldest day
−20°FJan 19, 1994
Wettest day
4.25 inSep 11, 1900
Snowiest day
16.6 inJan 4, 1971
Hottest year
1931mean 48.0°F
Coldest year
2014mean 40.3°F
Wettest year
201950.79 in
Driest year
198919.81 in
Snowiest season
83.7 in1928-29
Average monthly high and low temperature and precipitation, last 30 years, Shawano 2SSW 32°F 24° 7° 1.3 Jan 29° 9° 1.2 Feb 41° 20° 2.1 Mar 54° 33° 3.2 Apr 67° 44° 3.6 May 77° 55° 4.6 Jun 82° 58° 3.8 Jul 79° 57° 3.5 Aug 72° 49° 3.3 Sep 58° 37° 3.0 Oct 43° 26° 1.8 Nov 30° 14° 1.7 Dec Precipitation, inches
Average daily high and low by month, and average monthly precipitation, over the last 30 years.
Nights at or below freezing per year 1976: 198 198 1977: 165 1978: 185 1979: 176 1980: 170 1981: 169 1982: 164 1983: 169 1984: 168 1985: 157 1986: 155 1987: 161 1988: 175 1989: 171 1990: 172 1991: 172 1992: 170 1993: 186 1994: 166 1995: 172 1996: 183 1997: 187 1998: 145 1999: 169 2000: 167 2001: 157 2002: 189 2003: 180 2004: 165 2005: 166 2006: 172 2007: 160 2008: 170 2009: 173 2010: 163 2011: 165 2012: 164 2013: 182 2014: 170 2015: 157 2016: 147 2017: 154 2018: 187 2019: 173 2020: 184 2021: 164 2022: 179 2023: 163 2024: 158 2025: 173 19761986199620062016
Nights at or below freezing each complete year, last 50 years. Thirty-year average: 168.9.
Snowfall by winter 1976: 41.6 in 1977: 44.6 in 1978: 53.3 in 1979: 28.2 in 1980: 25.7 in 1981: 66.4 in 1982: 29.2 in 1983: 35.7 in 1984: 49.4 in 1985: 64.9 in 1986: 43.7 in 1987: 43.1 in 1989: 43.0 in 1990: 59.3 in 1991: 50.2 in 1992: 51.6 in 1993: 54.3 in 1994: 28.1 in 1995: 69.3 in 1996: 71.7 in 1997: 57.1 in 1998: 32.6 in 1999: 29.6 in 2000: 46.0 in 2001: 28.4 in 2002: 33.5 in 2003: 40.8 in 2004: 50.7 in 2005: 33.1 in 2006: 37.8 in 2007: 67.3 in 2008: 70.5 in 2009: 35.3 in 2010: 70.9 in 2012: 63.7 in 2013: 70.0 in 2014: 35.4 in 2015: 36.4 in 2016: 49.6 in 2017: 78.8 in 78.8 2018: 73.0 in 2019: 59.1 in 2020: 29.4 in 2021: 54.4 in 2022: 72.9 in 2023: 36.4 in 2024: 43.5 in 2025: 62.5 in 19761986199720072018
Total snowfall each winter (July to June), last 50 winters.

Median first snow

November 18

Earliest: September 26, 1965

Median last snow

April 10

Latest: May 12, 1946

0 of 84 winters had no measurable snow.

Station Shawano 2SSW (USC00477708), 806 ft elevation, 3.5 miles from the population centre. Daily records from 1893 to October 23, 2026; 99.8% of days in the last 30 years are complete. Records at a single station can differ from a city’s official threaded record, which may combine several stations.

NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily.

Federal disaster declarations

8 since 1953. The most recent: Covid-19 Pandemic, April 4, 2020.

Federal disaster declarations
Apr 4, 2020BiologicalCovid-19 PandemicMajor disasterDR-4520-WI
Mar 13, 2020BiologicalCovid-19EmergencyEM-3454-WI
Aug 27, 2019FloodSevere Storms, Tornadoes, Straight-Line Winds, and FloodingMajor disasterDR-4459-WI
Sep 13, 2005HurricaneHurricane Katrina EvacuationEmergencyEM-3249-WI
Jun 18, 2004Severe StormSevere Storms and FloodingMajor disasterDR-1526-WI
Sep 10, 2002TornadoSevere Storms, Tornadoes and FloodingMajor disasterDR-1432-WI
Jul 2, 1993Severe StormSevere Storms, Tornadoes & FloodingMajor disasterDR-994-WI
Jun 17, 1976DroughtDroughtEmergencyEM-3014-WI

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries, retrieved October 30, 2026. Statewide declarations are not listed.

How this compares

Where Shawano County stands among 72 counties in Wisconsin and 3,143 in the United States.

Ranks
Tornadoes since 19502923 / 721,039 / 3,143
Tornadoes rated F3/EF3 or stronger39 / 72571 / 3,143
Tropical cyclones within 50 mi0——
Hurricane-strength passes within 50 mi0——
Wildfire acres since 19840——
Flood insurance claims1258 / 722,266 / 3,143
Flood insurance paid$294,00046 / 721,977 / 3,143
Disaster declarations861 / 722,925 / 3,143
Flood events since 19961162 / 722,869 / 3,143
Hail and wind events since 199621753 / 721,825 / 3,143
Winter storm events since 199610048 / 72952 / 3,143
Reported damage since 1996$952,00068 / 722,960 / 3,143
River crests at major flood stage424 / 72981 / 3,143
High tide flooding days a year, last 10 years0.0——
Months in severe drought since 189510849 / 722,117 / 3,143
Medium or heavy smoke days a year, last 10 years27.440 / 72395 / 3,143
Earthquakes M4+ within 50 mi since 19000——
Earthquakes M2.5+ in the county since 19730——

Neighbouring counties

Neighbouring counties
Brown County3100383
Langlade County80017
Marathon County630069
Menominee County5000
Oconto County1600132
Outagamie County360086
Portage County250022
Waupaca County2500145

Sources and vintage

Every number on this page comes from these public records.

  • Tornadoes NOAA Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, through 2025.
  • Tropical cyclones NOAA National Hurricane Center HURDAT2 (Atlantic; Northeast and Central Pacific), through 2025.
  • Wildfire USGS/USFS Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity, through 2026.
  • Storm events NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, through 2026.
  • Flood insurance OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026.
  • Declarations OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries v2, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Weather records NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily, station USC00477708.
  • River crests NOAA National Weather Service, National Water Prediction Service river gauges, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Drought NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, through September 2026.
  • Smoke NOAA NESDIS Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Earthquakes USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog (ComCat), retrieved October 30, 2026.

Joins, thresholds and known limits are set out in the methodology. Found an error? Report it. Page built October 30, 2026.