Niobrara County
Population 2,341 (2025) 2,626 sq mi
Large wildfires have burned 36,455 acres of Niobrara County since 1984, 21st most of 23 counties in Wyoming; the largest was the Thompson Fire in 2011.
Hazard fingerprint Each spoke is this county’s percentile among U.S. counties where that hazard occurs. How it is computed
- Tornado damage paths since 195036
- Wildfire burn scars since 198412
At a glance
The record for Niobrara County in eight numbers. Each links to its section below.
Acres burned since 1984
36,455
21st of 23 in Wyoming
12 large fires; the largest was Thompson, 2011
DetailsStrongest tornado
F2
July 28, 1978, 5.0 mile path
Tornadoes
About one every 2.1 years since 1950, none rated F3/EF3 or stronger.
Strongest
July 28, 1978
F2, 5.0 mile path
700 yards wide.
Most recent
Tuesday, June 17, 2025
EFU, 0.1 mile path
Within the past year.
Every recorded tornado
| Jun 17, 2025 | EFU | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 17, 2025 | EFU | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 7, 2022 | EF1 | 3.5 | 0 | 0 |
| Jul 17, 2019 | EFU | 0.3 | 0 | 0 |
| Jul 3, 2019 | EFU | 0.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 12, 2011 | EF0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 12, 2011 | EF0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 12, 2001 | F0 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 27, 1999 | F0 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 |
| May 21, 1998 | F0 | 2.0 | 0 | 0 |
| May 20, 1998 | F0 | 3.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Aug 7, 1991 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 29, 1991 | F0 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 26, 1991 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Sep 19, 1990 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| May 13, 1990 | F0 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 |
| Jul 26, 1985 | F0 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 |
| Jul 26, 1985 | F0 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 13, 1984 | F2 | 4.0 | 1 | 0 |
| Jun 13, 1984 | F1 | 1.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 13, 1984 | F1 | 1.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 13, 1984 | F1 | 1.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 20, 1983 | F1 | 1.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 5, 1982 | F2 | 1.0 | 3 | 0 |
| Jun 14, 1980 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Aug 1, 1979 | F0 | 2.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Jul 28, 1978 | F2 | 5.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Sep 21, 1977 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 12, 1976 | F1 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 |
| Jul 17, 1962 | F1 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 14, 1962 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 26, 1960 | F1 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 |
| May 24, 1960 | F1 | 0.1 | 1 | 0 |
| Jun 11, 1953 | F1 | 7.2 | 0 | 0 |
| May 8, 1952 | F1 | 2.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 7, 1950 | F1 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 |
- Injuries and deaths are for the tornado’s whole path, which may extend beyond the county. Deaths recorded within Niobrara County: 0.
- Weak tornadoes were under-recorded before Doppler radar coverage became national in the early 1990s, so earlier decades read low. Ratings use the Fujita scale before February 2007 and the Enhanced Fujita scale after.
Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, 1950 to 2025.
Hurricanes and tropical storms
No tropical storm or hurricane has tracked within 100 miles since records began in 1851.
Wildfire and smoke
36,455 acres burned in 12 large fires since 1984, equal to 2.2% of the land.
Largest
August 25, 2011
Thompson Fire, 10,506 acres
10,519 acres inside Niobrara County.
Most recent
August 1, 2022
Cow Creek Fire
4,128 acres in total.
Every large fire
| Cow Creek | 2022 | 4,092 | 4,128 |
| Mossagate | 2012 | 2,110 | 4,866 |
| Smith | 2011 | 2,066 | 2,066 |
| Manning | 2011 | 87 | 2,414 |
| Thompson | 2011 | 10,519 | 10,506 |
| Cheyenne River | 2011 | 1,569 | 1,565 |
| Cooley Draw | 2010 | 6,014 | 6,012 |
| 77 Hill | 2007 | 1,663 | 1,662 |
| Lance Creek | 2006 | 1,003 | 999 |
| Tollman | 2002 | 5,243 | 5,270 |
| Kaye Field | 2001 | 1,003 | 4,832 |
| Unnamed | 1987 | 1,082 | 1,903 |
- Large fires mapped by the Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity program since 1984: 1,000 acres or more in the West, 500 or more in the East. Prescribed burns are excluded. Acres here are the part of each perimeter inside this place.
Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity (USGS and U.S. Forest Service), 1984 to 2026.
Smoke overhead
Smokiest year
2021: 69 days
Heavy smoke on 35 days in 2021, the most of any year.
Last 10 years
25.6 days a year
Medium or heavy smoke, 2016 to 2025.
2025
22 days
Medium or heavy smoke. 22 so far in 2026.
- A smoke day is a date on which a smoke plume traced by NOAA Hazard Mapping System analysts from satellite imagery covered this place's point (the county's population centre or the city centre). Counts here are of medium or heavy smoke. Since 2018 analysts have often drawn light smoke as one area over most of the continent, so light-smoke counts are not comparable from year to year. The plumes show smoke anywhere in the air above, not air quality at the ground, and smoke hidden by cloud is missed.
NOAA Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, 2011 to 2026, retrieved October 30, 2026.
Floods and flood insurance
1 federal flood insurance claims since 2000, with $570 paid.
Flood events since 1996
- Flash Flood5
- Heavy Rain2
This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).
OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026. NOAA Storm Events through 2026.
River crests
| Jun 5, 2015 | Cheyenne River near Spencer | 12.58 | −3.42 |
| May 25, 2008 | Cheyenne River near Spencer | 11.38 | −4.62 |
| Aug 7, 2006 | Cheyenne River near Spencer | 10.17 | −5.83 |
| Mar 13, 2011 | Cheyenne River near Spencer | 10.06 | −5.94 |
| May 20, 2010 | Cheyenne River near Spencer | 9.07 | −6.93 |
| May 7, 2007 | Cheyenne River near Spencer | 8.92 | −7.08 |
| Jul 3, 2009 | Cheyenne River near Spencer | 8.90 | −7.10 |
| Mar 5, 2014 | Cheyenne River near Spencer | 8.73 | −7.27 |
| Jul 30, 2013 | Cheyenne River near Spencer | 8.64 | −7.36 |
| Jun 13, 2005 | Cheyenne River near Spencer | 8.00 | −8.00 |
| Mar 11, 2012 | Cheyenne River near Spencer | 5.86 | −10.14 |
| May 12, 2004 | Cheyenne River near Spencer | 5.47 | −10.53 |
River gauges
| Cheyenne River near Spencer | 16.0 | 12.58 ft | 0 |
- Crests are the highest and the recent crests the National Weather Service lists for each river gauge in the county that has a flood stage, not every flood. Flood categories use each gauge's current flood stages; crests from before levees, dams or channel changes may not be comparable. Crests measured on an old datum are left out of the rankings.
NOAA National Water Prediction Service gauge records, retrieved October 30, 2026.
Drought
In severe drought or worse for 178 of 1,581 months since 1895 (11%); the longest spell lasted 26 months.
178
Months in severe drought or worse since 1895
89
Months in extreme drought
11%
Share of all months, severe or worse
Lowest reading
July 2026
−8.71, extreme drought
Longest severe spell
26 months
August 2024 to September 2026.
Latest month
September 2026
−7.39, extreme drought
- The Palmer Drought Severity Index is computed by NOAA each month from the county's average temperature and precipitation, relative to the county's own climate. Zero is normal; -3 or lower is severe drought and -4 or lower extreme drought. It describes the long-term balance of moisture, not water supply or crop losses.
NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, 1895 to September 2026, issued October 6, 2026.
Earthquakes and landslides
4 earthquakes of magnitude 4 or more within 50 miles since 1900; the largest was magnitude 5.3 in 1984.
4
Magnitude 2.5+ inside the county since 1973
30
Magnitude 3+ within 50 miles since 1973
4
Magnitude 4+ within 50 miles since 1900
1
Magnitude 5+ within 50 miles since 1900
Largest within 50 miles
October 18, 1984
29 km W of Esterbrook, Wyoming; 45.2 miles away, 20.5 miles deep.
Most recent, magnitude 3 or more
March 8, 2025
Magnitude 3.6
7 km W of Fairburn, South Dakota; 39.6 miles away.
Every earthquake of magnitude 4 or more within 50 miles
| Nov 13, 2011 | 4.0 | 44.0 |
| Oct 18, 1984 | 4.5 | 49.5 |
| Oct 18, 1984 | 5.3 | 45.2 |
| Feb 13, 1983 | 4.0 | 50.0 |
- Earthquakes of magnitude 2.5 or more in the USGS Comprehensive Catalog since 1900. Within 50 miles means the epicentre lies within 50 miles of the county boundary (or inside the county).
- Small earthquakes were under-recorded before the modern seismic networks of the 1970s and are still missed in remote areas, so early decades read low. Magnitudes are as the catalogue reports them and mix scales (moment, local and body-wave).
USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog, 1900 to present, retrieved October 30, 2026.
Mapped landslides
4
Landslides mapped, probable or better
0
With a recorded date
1
Source inventory
Mapped by WY WSGS (4).
- Landslides mapped in the USGS compilation of landslide inventories across the United States (version 3.0, 2025), rated probable or better. The compilation joins inventories made by federal and state agencies for different purposes and areas, so the number mapped in a county reflects how closely it has been surveyed as much as how often its slopes fail. An area with few records may simply not have been mapped. Deaths are as recorded in the inventories; a slide listed in two inventories is counted once.
USGS Landslide Inventories across the United States, version 3.0, retrieved October 27, 2026.
Severe weather and other events
489 events in the National Weather Service record, 432 of them since 1996.
184
Hail reports, 1 inch or larger
25
Hail, 2 inches or larger
38
Damaging gusts, 58 mph+
122
Winter weather events since 1996
0
Heat events since 1996
14
Cold events since 1996
Largest hail
July 19, 2020
4.25 inches
Strongest measured or estimated gust
July 27, 2016
81 mph
More event types since 1996
| Lightning | 2 | 0 |
Costliest events since 1996
- Jun 4, 2015Flash Flood$1.5 million
National Weather Service narrative
As much as eight inches of rain fell from slow moving thunderstorms across south and southeast Niobrara County during the predawn hours, which resulted in widespread flash flooding. Excessive runoff upstream into the Niobrara River and nearby creeks caused them to overflow their banks. Law enforcement officials evacuated residents of Lusk as well as those living along the Niobrara River downstream to Van Tassel several hours in advance of the flood wave. The worst damage occurred in Lusk where 20 to 30 homes and 15 to 20 businesses were destroyed. Flood waters and debris rushed down Main Street in Lusk, swamped four blocks, and shut down the town's water supply. The US Highway 85…
- Oct 4, 1998Blizzard, Niobrara$200,000
National Weather Service narrative
8 to 12 inches of heavy, wet snow fell across eastern Converse County and Niobrara County. The heavy snow downed trees and power lines. Ice build up was up to 6 inches around many power lines. The build up of ice around the power lines along with 40 mph winds, caused 200 power poles to snap. 4000 people were without power for up to 5 days in the Lusk, Manville, Van Tassle, and Lance Creek areas.. Interstate 80 between Cheyenne and Laramie was closed due to near zero visibilities.
- Apr 19, 2000Winter Storm, Niobrara$175,000
National Weather Service narrative
High winds and heavy snow caused widespread damage to power poles resultingin power outages. 6 to 8 inches of snow fell in Lusk, WY with gusty winds resulted in blizzardlike conditions.
- Aug 6, 2006Flash Flood$40,000
National Weather Service narrative
Heavy rainfall produced flash flooding along Dogie, Spring and Lance creeks, washing outa bridge and road.
- Oct 24, 1997Blizzard, Niobrara$10,000
National Weather Service narrative
An early season blizzard dumped up to 20 inches of snow in areas of southeastern Wyoming, downing power poles and power lines as well as making many roads impassable. Wet, wind-driven snow damaged trees in addition to unharvested milo, corn and sunflower fields, and many motorists were stranded on impassable roads or when vehicles slid off roads. High school athletic events were postponed, and high school bands and athletic teams were stranded when their buses could continue no further. The following occurrences were documented as occurring on the 24th. Semi-tractor trucks with trailers tipped over after jackknifing on Interstate 80 near Sinclair and at milepost 340; no damage…
- Aug 29, 1996Thunderstorm Wind$10,000
National Weather Service narrative
Strong thunderstorm winds knocked down a shed.
- Jul 6, 2001Thunderstorm Wind$10,000
National Weather Service narrative
Strong wind gusts damaged corrals and sheds as well as removed some roof shingles.
- Aug 28, 1996Hail$10,000
- Aug 28, 1996Hail$5,000
National Weather Service narrative
Large hail broke windows in the area.
- Aug 28, 1996Hail$5,000
- Storm Events records before 1996 cover only tornadoes, thunderstorm wind and hail. Damage figures are as reported by the National Weather Service at the time, not adjusted for inflation.
NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, 1950 to 2026, issued October 26, 2026.
Weather records
From Torrington 29N, 27.4 miles from the county’s population centre, with records from 1994.
- All-time high
- 105°FJul 25, 2003
- All-time low
- −26°FJan 14, 2024
- Warmest night
- 71°FJul 31, 2006
- Coldest day
- −13°FDec 23, 2022
- Wettest day
- 2.93 inApr 19, 2000
- Snowiest day
- 17.5 inMay 10, 2015
- Hottest year
- 2012mean 48.6°F
- Coldest year
- 2019mean 43.3°F
- Wettest year
- 202320.84 in
- Driest year
- 20126.08 in
- Snowiest season
- 96.4 in2013-14
Median first snow
October 13
Earliest: September 8, 2020
Median last snow
April 29
Latest: May 24, 2002
0 of 31 winters had no measurable snow.
Station Torrington 29N (USC00488997), 4,860 ft elevation, 27.4 miles from the population centre. Daily records from 1994 to October 23, 2026; 98.7% of days in the last 30 years are complete. Records at a single station can differ from a city’s official threaded record, which may combine several stations.
NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily.
Federal disaster declarations
5 since 1953. The most recent: Covid-19 Pandemic, April 11, 2020.
| Apr 11, 2020 | Biological | DR-4535-WY |
| Mar 13, 2020 | Biological | EM-3479-WY |
| Jul 7, 2015 | Flood | DR-4227-WY |
| Feb 17, 1999 | Severe Ice Storm | DR-1268-WY |
| May 29, 1978 | Flood | DR-557-WY |
This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).
OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries, retrieved October 30, 2026. Statewide declarations are not listed.
How this compares
Where Niobrara County stands among 23 counties in Wyoming and 3,143 in the United States.
| Tornadoes since 1950 | 36 | 8 / 23 |
| Tornadoes rated F3/EF3 or stronger | 0 | — |
| Tropical cyclones within 50 mi | 0 | — |
| Hurricane-strength passes within 50 mi | 0 | — |
| Wildfire acres since 1984 | 36,455 | 21 / 23 |
| Flood insurance claims | 1 | 19 / 23 |
| Flood insurance paid | $570 | 18 / 23 |
| Disaster declarations | 5 | 10 / 23 |
| Flood events since 1996 | 7 | 21 / 23 |
| Hail and wind events since 1996 | 274 | 15 / 23 |
| Winter storm events since 1996 | 122 | 20 / 23 |
| Reported damage since 1996 | $2.0 million | 19 / 23 |
| River crests at major flood stage | 0 | — |
| High tide flooding days a year, last 10 years | 0.0 | — |
| Months in severe drought since 1895 | 178 | 21 / 23 |
| Medium or heavy smoke days a year, last 10 years | 25.6 | 6 / 23 |
| Earthquakes M4+ within 50 mi since 1900 | 4 | 15 / 23 |
| Earthquakes M2.5+ in the county since 1973 | 4 | 16 / 23 |
Neighbouring counties
| Converse County | 49 | 0 |
| Custer County SD | 14 | 0 |
| Fall River County SD | 33 | 0 |
| Goshen County | 90 | 0 |
| Platte County | 50 | 0 |
| Sioux County NE | 29 | 0 |
| Weston County | 28 | 0 |
Sources and vintage
Every number on this page comes from these public records.
- Tornadoes NOAA Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, through 2025.
- Tropical cyclones NOAA National Hurricane Center HURDAT2 (Atlantic; Northeast and Central Pacific), through 2025.
- Wildfire USGS/USFS Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity, through 2026.
- Storm events NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, through 2026.
- Flood insurance OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026.
- Declarations OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries v2, retrieved October 30, 2026.
- Weather records NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily, station USC00488997.
- River crests NOAA National Weather Service, National Water Prediction Service river gauges, retrieved October 30, 2026.
- Drought NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, through September 2026.
- Smoke NOAA NESDIS Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, retrieved October 30, 2026.
- Landslides USGS Landslide Inventories across the United States, version 3.0 (2025).
- Earthquakes USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog (ComCat), retrieved October 30, 2026.
Joins, thresholds and known limits are set out in the methodology. Found an error? Report it. Page built October 30, 2026.