Fleming County

Population 15,787 (2025) 349 sq mi

Property owners in Fleming County have filed 49 federal flood insurance claims since 1978, 55th most of 120 counties in Kentucky.

Hazard fingerprint for Fleming County Tornado: 37th percentile. Tropical: 20th percentile. Wildfire: 0th percentile. Flood: 78th percentile. Hail & wind: 65th percentile. Heat: 39th percentile. Cold: 53th percentile. Winter: 51th percentile. TORTROPFIREFLOODSEVEREHEATCOLDWINTER

Hazard fingerprint Each spoke is this county’s percentile among U.S. counties where that hazard occurs. How it is computed

2026
  • Tornado damage paths since 195010
  • Tropical cyclone tracks within 100 miles since 1851, wider where stronger4

At a glance

The record for Fleming County in eight numbers. Each links to its section below.

Flood insurance claims

49

55th of 120 in Kentucky

$943,000 paid since 1989

Details

Tornadoes since 1950

10

59th of 120 in Kentucky

About as many as the typical Kentucky county

Details

Tropical cyclones within 50 mi

3

6th of 120 in Kentucky

None at hurricane strength since 1851

Details

Strongest tornado

F2

June 15, 1964, 49.3 mile path

Strongest tropical cyclone

TS

Tropical storm (unnamed), 1888, 0.0 miles away

Largest earthquake within 50 mi

5.0magnitude

July 27, 1980, 9.2 miles away

Details

Federal disaster declarations

26

Most recent: Severe Winter Storm, 2026

Details

Record high

106°F

August 19, 1936

Details

Tornadoes

About one every 7.6 years since 1950, none rated F3/EF3 or stronger.

Strongest

June 15, 1964

F2, 49.3 mile path

10 yards wide.

Most recent

Wednesday, August 9, 2023

EF0, 0.3 mile path

3 years ago.

Tornadoes by decade Doppler radar era² 1950s: 0 1960s: 1 1 1970s: 1 1 1980s: 3 3 1990s: 1 1 2000s: 1 1 2010s: 2 2 2020s: 1 1 1950s1960s1970s1980s1990s2000s2010s2020s
Recorded tornadoes per decade. The 2020s are incomplete.
Tornadoes by month J: 0 F: 1 M: 1 A: 1 M: 0 J: 2 J: 3 3 A: 1 S: 1 O: 0 N: 0 D: 0 JFMAMJJASOND
By month of occurrence, all years.

Every recorded tornado

Tornadoes in Fleming County since 1950
Aug 9, 2023EF00.37500
Jul 14, 2015EF10.520000
Jul 7, 2015EF00.25000
Apr 26, 2007EF13.620000
Feb 21, 1993F01.05000
Mar 12, 1986F00.11000
Sep 14, 1984F12.04000
Jun 16, 1982F210.03010
Jul 11, 1971F11.06700
Jun 15, 1964F249.31010
  1. Injuries and deaths are for the tornado’s whole path, which may extend beyond the county. Deaths recorded within Fleming County: 0.
  2. Weak tornadoes were under-recorded before Doppler radar coverage became national in the early 1990s, so earlier decades read low. Ratings use the Fujita scale before February 2007 and the Enhanced Fujita scale after.

Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, 1950 to 2025.

Hurricanes and tropical storms

3 passed within 50 miles since 1851; none at hurricane strength.

Strongest within 50 miles

August 21, 1888

Unnamed storm, Tropical storm

0.0 miles at closest approach, winds near 52 mph.

Most recent

October 5, 1995

Opal, Post-tropical

4.8 miles at closest approach.

Every storm within 100 miles

Tropical cyclones within 100 miles
Opal19954.8Post-tropical46Category 4
Hugo198989.8Tropical storm46Category 5
Frederic197928.9Tropical storm40Category 4
Audrey195717.2Tropical storm44Category 3
Unnamed191544.4Post-tropical40Category 4
Unnamed189236.4Post-tropical51Tropical storm
Unnamed18880.0Tropical storm52Category 3
  1. Tropical storms and hurricanes (34 kt or more, still tropical) at closest approach. Post-tropical remnants with gale-force winds are listed but not counted. Direct: track within 50 miles; near: within 100 miles. Distance is measured to the county boundary for counties and to the city centre for cities, using positions interpolated hourly between HURDAT2 fixes.

National Hurricane Center HURDAT2, 1851 to 2025.

Wildfire and smoke

No large wildfire has been mapped here since satellite mapping began in 1984.

Smoke overhead

Smokiest year

2023: 52 days

Heavy smoke on 13 days in 2023, the most of any year.

Last 10 years

13.9 days a year

Medium or heavy smoke, 2016 to 2025.

2025

9 days

Medium or heavy smoke. 35 so far in 2026.

Days with medium or heavy smoke overhead, by year 2011: 5 2012: 4 2013: 2 2014: 3 2015: 7 2016: 1 2017: 1 2018: 4 2019: 9 2020: 13 2021: 26 2022: 11 2023: 52 52 2024: 13 2025: 9 201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022202320242025
Days each year on which a satellite-traced plume of medium or heavy smoke covered the county’s population centre, 2011 to 2025.
  1. A smoke day is a date on which a smoke plume traced by NOAA Hazard Mapping System analysts from satellite imagery covered this place's point (the county's population centre or the city centre). Counts here are of medium or heavy smoke. Since 2018 analysts have often drawn light smoke as one area over most of the continent, so light-smoke counts are not comparable from year to year. The plumes show smoke anywhere in the air above, not air quality at the ground, and smoke hidden by cloud is missed.

NOAA Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, 2011 to 2026, retrieved October 30, 2026.

Floods and flood insurance

49 federal flood insurance claims since 1989, with $943,000 paid.

Federal flood insurance claims by year 1997: 7 2002: 5 2003: 8 2010: 13 13 2017: 5 1997
Claims per year since 1989. Years with fewer than five claims are not shown.

Most claims in one year

2010: 13 claims

$326,000 paid.

2nd most

2003: 8 claims

$158,000 paid.

3rd most

1997: 7 claims

$117,000 paid.

Claims by ZIP code

Flood insurance claims by ZIP code
4104133$470,000
410937$211,000
410496$195,000

Flood events since 1996

  • Flash Flood46
  • Flood17
  • Heavy Rain1

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026. NOAA Storm Events through 2026.

Drought

In severe drought or worse for 108 of 1,581 months since 1895 (7%); the longest spell lasted 16 months.

108

Months in severe drought or worse since 1895

44

Months in extreme drought

7%

Share of all months, severe or worse

2

Drought reports to the Weather Service since 1996

Lowest reading

January 1931

−7.13, extreme drought

Longest severe spell

16 months

October 1953 to January 1955.

Latest month

September 2026

−0.50, incipient dry spell

Last severe month: September 2007.

Months in severe drought or worse, by year 1895: 0 1896: 1 1897: 0 1898: 0 1899: 0 1900: 3 1901: 2 1902: 0 1903: 1 1904: 3 1905: 2 1906: 0 1907: 0 1908: 1 1909: 1 1910: 0 1911: 0 1912: 0 1913: 0 1914: 1 1915: 0 1916: 0 1917: 0 1918: 0 1919: 0 1920: 0 1921: 0 1922: 1 1923: 0 1924: 0 1925: 0 1926: 0 1927: 0 1928: 0 1929: 0 1930: 6 1931: 7 1932: 0 1933: 0 1934: 0 1935: 0 1936: 6 1937: 0 1938: 1 1939: 0 1940: 0 1941: 4 1942: 0 1943: 2 1944: 12 12 1945: 0 1946: 0 1947: 0 1948: 0 1949: 0 1950: 0 1951: 0 1952: 0 1953: 3 1954: 12 1955: 1 1956: 0 1957: 0 1958: 0 1959: 0 1960: 0 1961: 0 1962: 0 1963: 2 1964: 7 1965: 1 1966: 0 1967: 0 1968: 0 1969: 0 1970: 1 1971: 0 1972: 0 1973: 0 1974: 0 1975: 0 1976: 0 1977: 0 1978: 0 1979: 0 1980: 0 1981: 0 1982: 0 1983: 0 1984: 0 1985: 0 1986: 2 1987: 5 1988: 6 1989: 0 1990: 0 1991: 0 1992: 0 1993: 0 1994: 0 1995: 0 1996: 0 1997: 0 1998: 0 1999: 8 2000: 1 2001: 0 2002: 0 2003: 0 2004: 0 2005: 1 2006: 3 2007: 1 2008: 0 2009: 0 2010: 0 2011: 0 2012: 0 2013: 0 2014: 0 2015: 0 2016: 0 2017: 0 2018: 0 2019: 0 2020: 0 2021: 0 2022: 0 2023: 0 2024: 0 2025: 0 18951905191519251935194519551965197519851995200520152025
Months each year with a Palmer index of −3 or lower, 1895 to 2025. Twelve means the whole year.
  1. The Palmer Drought Severity Index is computed by NOAA each month from the county's average temperature and precipitation, relative to the county's own climate. Zero is normal; -3 or lower is severe drought and -4 or lower extreme drought. It describes the long-term balance of moisture, not water supply or crop losses.

NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, 1895 to September 2026, issued October 6, 2026.

Earthquakes and landslides

4 earthquakes of magnitude 4 or more within 50 miles since 1900; the largest was magnitude 5.0 in 1980.

0

Magnitude 2.5+ inside the county since 1973

13

Magnitude 3+ within 50 miles since 1973

4

Magnitude 4+ within 50 miles since 1900

1

Magnitude 5+ within 50 miles since 1900

Largest within 50 miles

July 27, 1980

Magnitude 5.0

2 km SW of Sharpsburg, Kentucky; 9.2 miles away, 6.2 miles deep.

Most recent, magnitude 3 or more

December 12, 2021

Magnitude 3.0

2 km E of Manchester, Ohio; 11.9 miles away.

Earthquakes of magnitude 3 or more within 50 miles, by year 1973: 0 1974: 1 1975: 0 1976: 0 1977: 0 1978: 0 1979: 1 1980: 1 1981: 0 1982: 0 1983: 2 1984: 0 1985: 0 1986: 0 1987: 1 1988: 3 3 1989: 1 1990: 1 1991: 0 1992: 0 1993: 0 1994: 0 1995: 1 1996: 0 1997: 0 1998: 0 1999: 0 2000: 0 2001: 0 2002: 0 2003: 0 2004: 0 2005: 0 2006: 0 2007: 0 2008: 0 2009: 0 2010: 0 2011: 0 2012: 0 2013: 0 2014: 0 2015: 0 2016: 0 2017: 0 2018: 0 2019: 0 2020: 0 2021: 1 2022: 0 2023: 0 2024: 0 2025: 0 19731978198319881993199820032008201320182023
Per year, 1973 to 2025.

Every earthquake of magnitude 4 or more within 50 miles

Earthquakes of magnitude 4 or more within 50 miles
Sep 6, 19884.412.73.18 km NNE of Camargo, Kentucky
Sep 6, 19884.68.36.26 km W of Owingsville, Kentucky
Jul 27, 19805.09.26.22 km SW of Sharpsburg, Kentucky
May 17, 19014.235.0—Near Portsmouth, Ohio
  1. Earthquakes of magnitude 2.5 or more in the USGS Comprehensive Catalog since 1900. Within 50 miles means the epicentre lies within 50 miles of the county boundary (or inside the county).
  2. Small earthquakes were under-recorded before the modern seismic networks of the 1970s and are still missed in remote areas, so early decades read low. Magnitudes are as the catalogue reports them and mix scales (moment, local and body-wave).

USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog, 1900 to present, retrieved October 30, 2026.

Mapped landslides

19

Landslides mapped, probable or better

7

With a recorded date

1

Source inventory

Mapped by KY GS (19).

  1. Landslides mapped in the USGS compilation of landslide inventories across the United States (version 3.0, 2025), rated probable or better. The compilation joins inventories made by federal and state agencies for different purposes and areas, so the number mapped in a county reflects how closely it has been surveyed as much as how often its slopes fail. An area with few records may simply not have been mapped. Deaths are as recorded in the inventories; a slide listed in two inventories is counted once.

USGS Landslide Inventories across the United States, version 3.0, retrieved October 27, 2026.

Severe weather and other events

364 events in the National Weather Service record, 347 of them since 1996.

23

Hail reports, 1 inch or larger

1

Hail, 2 inches or larger

113

Damaging gusts, 58 mph+

69

Winter weather events since 1996

6

Heat events since 1996

11

Cold events since 1996

Largest hail

May 14, 2010

2.00 inches

Strongest measured or estimated gust

July 14, 2015

100 mph

More event types since 1996

Other Storm Events types since 1996
Lightning100Jul 3, 2015
Dense fog and smoke100Nov 15, 2010

Costliest events since 1996

  1. Mar 1, 1997Flood, Fleming$3.0 million
    National Weather Service narrative

    Flash flooding that began early in the day developed into widespread small stream and river flooding. The Licking River below Cave Run Lake, and along the Fleming-Bath County line reached its highest level in history. Sherburne was especially hard hit.

  2. Jul 23, 2017Flood$2.0 million
    National Weather Service narrative

    Law enforcement reported flooded streets throughout Flemingsburg several hours after heavy rainfall had ended. A local automobile dealership sustained damage to an estimated 200 vehicles on their lot.

  3. Feb 18, 2000Flash Flood$1.0 million
    National Weather Service narrative

    Several hours of heavy rain brought widespread flash flooding across most of Fleming county. State officials reported that damage to public property totaled approximately $450,000 with 60 percent uninsured and 24 businesses received approximately $450,000 in damages with 95 percent uninsured.

  4. Jun 12, 2004Flash Flood$500,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    A ten foot wall of water was flowing down Fleming Creek and caused mass destruction of homes and vehicles in the South Lick area. About four feet of water covered several roads in the Lake Tilton area.

  5. Mar 20, 2002Flood, Fleming$500,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    The Licking River flooded due to heavy rains. 75 percent of the homes in Farmers were damaged and numerous roads were flooded.

  6. Jul 22, 2017Thunderstorm Wind$250,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Observers, local dispatch, and citizens all reported numerous trees down across Flemingsburg. Additionally, a mobile home was damaged while another house was destroyed. One home lost its roof while another had a garage moved several feet as high gusts occurred. The canopy of a gas station was also blown down. Much of the observed damage occurred along Kentucky Highways 11 and 559.

  7. Aug 9, 2023Tornado$150,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Actual storm survey determined that tornado likely started and ended within the same minute, only traveling 0.3 miles in that time span. Starting location was 38.4464/-83.6408 and ending location was 38.4482/-83.6352. Due to limitations within the Storm Data interface, could not track the path of the storm since it shows the same start/end time. ||Damage was first observed on a property at the intersection of |Beechburg Road and Colgan Road, where the tornado directly |impacted several structures, including a wooden barn, a mobile |home, a shed, and a larger open barn located behind. All sides of |the mobile home sustained damage, including a large board impaled|into the roof, and…

  8. Jul 23, 2017Flash Flood$120,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Dispatch relayed a plethora of reports of flash flooding throughout Flemingsburg. High water entered several businesses and residences, while blocking numerous roadways. A bridge over Town Branch on St. Anthony Drive was severely damaged.

  9. Apr 26, 2007Tornado$100,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Three barns were totally destroyed, a 70 foot tall concrete block grain silo was blown over, and dozens of trees were uprooted and snapped.

  10. Jun 29, 2012Thunderstorm Wind$100,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Trees and power lines were blown down countywide.

  1. Storm Events records before 1996 cover only tornadoes, thunderstorm wind and hail. Damage figures are as reported by the National Weather Service at the time, not adjusted for inflation.

NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, 1950 to 2026, issued October 26, 2026.

Weather records

From Cave Run Lake, 20.7 miles from the county’s population centre, with records from 1904.

All-time high
106°FAug 19, 1936
All-time low
−28°FJan 28, 1963
Warmest night
87°FJul 29, 1930
Coldest day
−8°FJan 21, 1985
Wettest day
6.85 inMay 3, 2010
Snowiest day
12.0 in3 times, most recently Jan 23, 2016
Hottest year
2024mean 58.4°F
Coldest year
1978mean 52.0°F
Wettest year
201874.48 in
Driest year
194133.01 in
Snowiest season
45.9 in1959-60
Average monthly high and low temperature and precipitation, last 30 years, Cave Run Lake 32°F 43° 25° 3.5 Jan 47° 27° 3.7 Feb 58° 34° 4.2 Mar 69° 43° 4.7 Apr 76° 53° 5.3 May 83° 61° 5.0 Jun 86° 65° 6.2 Jul 86° 63° 3.9 Aug 81° 57° 3.9 Sep 70° 45° 3.3 Oct 58° 35° 3.0 Nov 47° 30° 3.9 Dec Precipitation, inches
Average daily high and low by month, and average monthly precipitation, over the last 30 years.
Days reaching 95°F per year 1976: 0 1977: 8 1978: 1 1979: 0 1980: 13 1981: 0 1982: 1 1983: 23 1984: 3 1985: 0 1986: 9 1987: 8 1988: 25 1989: 4 1990: 5 1991: 8 1992: 0 1993: 13 1994: 9 1995: 14 1996: 2 1997: 3 1998: 10 1999: 32 32 2000: 4 2001: 0 2002: 20 2003: 0 2004: 0 2005: 12 2006: 8 2007: 26 2008: 7 2009: 0 2010: 15 2011: 5 2012: 12 2013: 0 2014: 0 2015: 0 2016: 0 2017: 0 2018: 0 2019: 0 2020: 0 2021: 0 2022: 0 2023: 0 2024: 3 2025: 0 19761986199620062016
Days reaching 95°F each complete year, last 50 years. Thirty-year average: 5.3.
Snowfall by winter 1982: 0.0 in 1983: 1.6 in 1989: 4.5 in 1990: 0.8 in 1991: 1.0 in 1993: 1.6 in 1995: 14.4 in 1996: 0.0 in 1997: 15.7 in 1998: 3.8 in 1999: 8.3 in 2000: 10.6 in 2001: 5.1 in 2002: 15.5 in 2003: 10.1 in 2004: 4.7 in 2005: 3.8 in 2006: 11.5 in 2007: 3.9 in 2008: 16.3 in 2009: 29.2 in 2010: 29.6 in 29.6 2011: 9.6 in 2012: 8.4 in 2013: 25.4 in 2014: 28.7 in 2015: 26.5 in 2016: 4.0 in 2017: 12.0 in 2018: 7.2 in 2019: 6.5 in 2020: 18.2 in 2021: 23.6 in 2022: 1.1 in 2023: 8.8 in 2025: 14.5 in 1982199920092019
Total snowfall each winter (July to June), last 50 winters.

Median first snow

December 8

Earliest: October 30, 2012

Median last snow

March 4

Latest: April 21, 2021

3 of 77 winters had no measurable snow.

Station Cave Run Lake (USC00152791), 840 ft elevation, 20.7 miles from the population centre. Daily records from 1904 to October 27, 2026; 98.5% of days in the last 30 years are complete. Records at a single station can differ from a city’s official threaded record, which may combine several stations.

NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily.

Federal disaster declarations

26 since 1953. The most recent: Severe Winter Storm, January 24, 2026.

Federal disaster declarations
Jan 24, 2026Winter StormSevere Winter StormEmergencyEM-3633-KY
Apr 3, 2025Severe StormSevere Storms, Straight-Line Winds, Tornadoes, and FloodingEmergencyEM-3626-KY
Feb 16, 2025Severe StormSevere Storms, Straight-Line Winds, Flooding, and LandslidesEmergencyEM-3624-KY
Nov 26, 2024Tropical StormRemnants of Hurricane HeleneMajor disasterDR-4848-KY
Mar 31, 2021Severe Ice StormSevere Winter Storms, Landslides, and MudslidesMajor disasterDR-4592-KY
Mar 28, 2020BiologicalCovid-19 PandemicMajor disasterDR-4497-KY
Mar 13, 2020BiologicalCovid-19EmergencyEM-3469-KY
Aug 12, 2015Severe StormSevere Storms, Tornadoes, Straight-Line Winds, Flooding, Landslides, and MudslideMajor disasterDR-4239-KY
May 12, 2015FloodSevere Winter Storm, Snowstorm, Flooding, Landslides, and MudslidesMajor disasterDR-4218-KY
May 4, 2011Severe StormSevere Storms, Tornadoes, and FloodingMajor disasterDR-1976-KY
May 11, 2010Severe StormSevere Storms, Flooding, Mudslides, and TornadoesMajor disasterDR-1912-KY
Feb 5, 2009Severe Ice StormSevere Winter Storm and FloodingMajor disasterDR-1818-KY
Jan 28, 2009Severe Ice StormSevere Winter StormEmergencyEM-3302-KY
May 19, 2008Severe StormSevere Storms, Tornadoes, Flooding, Mudslides, and LandslidesMajor disasterDR-1757-KY
Sep 10, 2005HurricaneHurricane KatrinaEmergencyEM-3231-KY
Jun 10, 2004Severe StormSevere Storms, Tornadoes, Flooding, and MudslidesMajor disasterDR-1523-KY
Jun 3, 2003Severe StormSevere Storms, Flooding, Mud and Rock Slides, and TornadoesMajor disasterDR-1471-KY
Mar 14, 2003Severe StormSevere Winter Ice and Snow Storms, Heavy Rain, Flooding, Tornadoes, and Mud andMajor disasterDR-1454-KY
Apr 4, 2002Severe StormSevere Storms and FloodingMajor disasterDR-1407-KY
Feb 28, 2000Severe StormSevere Storms and FloodingMajor disasterDR-1320-KY
Mar 3, 1998Severe StormSevere Winter StormMajor disasterDR-1207-KY
Mar 4, 1997Severe StormSevere Storm, Flooding, and TornadoesMajor disasterDR-1163-KY
Jan 13, 1996SnowstormBlizzard of 96Major disasterDR-1089-KY
Mar 16, 1993SnowstormSevere Snowfall & Winter StormEmergencyEM-3104-KY
Feb 24, 1989FloodSevere Storms & FloodingMajor disasterDR-821-KY
Dec 12, 1978FloodSevere Storms & FloodingMajor disasterDR-568-KY

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries, retrieved October 30, 2026. Statewide declarations are not listed.

How this compares

Where Fleming County stands among 120 counties in Kentucky and 3,143 in the United States.

Ranks
Tornadoes since 19501059 / 1202,235 / 3,143
Tornadoes rated F3/EF3 or stronger0——
Tropical cyclones within 50 mi36 / 1201,131 / 3,143
Hurricane-strength passes within 50 mi0——
Wildfire acres since 19840——
Flood insurance claims4955 / 1201,649 / 3,143
Flood insurance paid$943,00061 / 1201,509 / 3,143
Disaster declarations2661 / 120672 / 3,143
Flood events since 19966465 / 1201,109 / 3,143
Hail and wind events since 199618960 / 1202,057 / 3,143
Winter storm events since 19966955 / 1201,481 / 3,143
Reported damage since 1996$8.4 million60 / 1202,081 / 3,143
River crests at major flood stage0——
High tide flooding days a year, last 10 years0.0——
Months in severe drought since 189510891 / 1202,117 / 3,143
Medium or heavy smoke days a year, last 10 years13.979 / 1201,815 / 3,143
Earthquakes M4+ within 50 mi since 1900435 / 120793 / 3,143
Earthquakes M2.5+ in the county since 19730——

Neighbouring counties

Neighbouring counties
Bath County1030100
Lewis County730116
Mason County112016
Nicholas County23048
Robertson County2200
Rowan County230293

Sources and vintage

Every number on this page comes from these public records.

  • Tornadoes NOAA Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, through 2025.
  • Tropical cyclones NOAA National Hurricane Center HURDAT2 (Atlantic; Northeast and Central Pacific), through 2025.
  • Wildfire USGS/USFS Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity, through 2026.
  • Storm events NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, through 2026.
  • Flood insurance OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026.
  • Declarations OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries v2, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Weather records NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily, station USC00152791.
  • River crests NOAA National Weather Service, National Water Prediction Service river gauges, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Drought NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, through September 2026.
  • Smoke NOAA NESDIS Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Landslides USGS Landslide Inventories across the United States, version 3.0 (2025).
  • Earthquakes USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog (ComCat), retrieved October 30, 2026.

Joins, thresholds and known limits are set out in the methodology. Found an error? Report it. Page built October 30, 2026.