Chippewa County

Population 12,406 (2025) 581 sq mi

Chippewa County has recorded 25 tornadoes since 1950, 51st most of 87 counties in Minnesota; the most recent was on May 15, 2025.

Hazard fingerprint for Chippewa County Tornado: 56th percentile. Tropical: 0th percentile. Wildfire: 19th percentile. Flood: 33th percentile. Hail & wind: 30th percentile. Heat: 56th percentile. Cold: 88th percentile. Winter: 81th percentile. TORTROPFIREFLOODSEVEREHEATCOLDWINTER

Hazard fingerprint Each spoke is this county’s percentile among U.S. counties where that hazard occurs. How it is computed

2026
  • Tornado damage paths since 195025
  • Wildfire burn scars since 19841
  • Major flood years since 19782

At a glance

The record for Chippewa County in eight numbers. Each links to its section below.

Tornadoes since 1950

25

51st of 87 in Minnesota

About as many as the typical Minnesota county

Details

Flood insurance claims

172

16th of 87 in Minnesota

$2.5 million paid since 1978

Details

Acres burned since 1984

1,382

31st of 87 in Minnesota

1 large fire; the largest was Chippewa Prairie, 2003

Details

Strongest tornado

F1

May 7, 1993, 5.0 mile path

Largest earthquake within 50 mi

4.6magnitude

July 9, 1975, 35.7 miles away

Details

Federal disaster declarations

21

Most recent: Severe Storms and Flooding, 2023

Details

Record high

113°F

July 21, 1934

Details

Record low

−42°F

February 16, 1936

Details

Tornadoes

About one every 3 years since 1950, none rated F3/EF3 or stronger.

Strongest

May 7, 1993

F1, 5.0 mile path

100 yards wide.

Most recent

Thursday, May 15, 2025

EF0, 4.0 mile path

Within the past year.

Tornadoes by decade Doppler radar era² 1950s: 0 1960s: 1 1 1970s: 0 1980s: 2 2 1990s: 2 2 2000s: 5 5 2010s: 11 11 2020s: 4 4 1950s1960s1970s1980s1990s2000s2010s2020s
Recorded tornadoes per decade. The 2020s are incomplete.
Tornadoes by month J: 0 F: 0 M: 0 A: 3 M: 8 8 J: 6 J: 3 A: 2 S: 3 O: 0 N: 0 D: 0 JFMAMJJASOND
By month of occurrence, all years.

Every recorded tornado

Tornadoes in Chippewa County since 1950
May 15, 2025EF04.02500
Jul 15, 2024EF02.22500
Aug 28, 2022EF00.92500
May 30, 2022EF11.810000
Sep 19, 2017EF10.18000
Sep 19, 2017EF02.110000
May 16, 2015EF00.52500
May 16, 2015EF00.82500
May 16, 2015EF02.72500
May 16, 2015EF11.85000
Jun 19, 2014EF00.11000
Jun 19, 2014EF01.01000
Jun 17, 2012EF00.32500
Jun 17, 2012EF00.11000
Apr 21, 2012EF00.47500
Sep 12, 2005F11.02000
May 18, 2005F00.32500
Jun 24, 2003F03.05000
Apr 27, 2000F00.11000
Apr 27, 2000F00.11000
Jul 27, 1999F13.02000
May 7, 1993F15.010000
Aug 7, 1988F10.31300
Jul 26, 1986F11.03000
Jun 13, 1968F00.11000
  1. Injuries and deaths are for the tornado’s whole path, which may extend beyond the county. Deaths recorded within Chippewa County: 0.
  2. Weak tornadoes were under-recorded before Doppler radar coverage became national in the early 1990s, so earlier decades read low. Ratings use the Fujita scale before February 2007 and the Enhanced Fujita scale after.

Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, 1950 to 2025.

Hurricanes and tropical storms

No tropical storm or hurricane has tracked within 100 miles since records began in 1851.

Wildfire and smoke

1,382 acres burned in 1 large fire since 1984, equal to 0.4% of the land.

Largest

April 12, 2003

Chippewa Prairie Fire, 2,065 acres

1,382 acres inside Chippewa County.

Most recent

April 12, 2003

Chippewa Prairie Fire

2,065 acres in total.

Acres burned since 1984, cumulative 2003: 1,382 1,382 acres 198519901995200020052010201520202025
Running total of acres burned inside the county (line) and each year’s acres (bars).

Every large fire

Large wildfires since 1984
Chippewa Prairie20031,3822,065
  1. Large fires mapped by the Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity program since 1984: 1,000 acres or more in the West, 500 or more in the East. Prescribed burns are excluded. Acres here are the part of each perimeter inside this place.

Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity (USGS and U.S. Forest Service), 1984 to 2026.

Smoke overhead

Smokiest year

2023: 78 days

Heavy smoke on 34 days in 2021, the most of any year.

Last 10 years

32.3 days a year

Medium or heavy smoke, 2016 to 2025.

2025

24 days

Medium or heavy smoke. 44 so far in 2026.

Days with medium or heavy smoke overhead, by year 2011: 9 2012: 27 2013: 23 2014: 15 2015: 26 2016: 8 2017: 15 2018: 32 2019: 13 2020: 23 2021: 57 2022: 26 2023: 78 78 2024: 47 2025: 24 201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022202320242025
Days each year on which a satellite-traced plume of medium or heavy smoke covered the county’s population centre, 2011 to 2025.
  1. A smoke day is a date on which a smoke plume traced by NOAA Hazard Mapping System analysts from satellite imagery covered this place's point (the county's population centre or the city centre). Counts here are of medium or heavy smoke. Since 2018 analysts have often drawn light smoke as one area over most of the continent, so light-smoke counts are not comparable from year to year. The plumes show smoke anywhere in the air above, not air quality at the ground, and smoke hidden by cloud is missed.

NOAA Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, 2011 to 2026, retrieved October 30, 2026.

Floods and flood insurance

172 federal flood insurance claims since 1978, with $2.5 million paid.

Federal flood insurance claims by year 1993: 6 1997: 79 79 2001: 55 2010: 9 2011: 8 1993
Claims per year since 1978. Years with fewer than five claims are not shown.

Most claims in one year

1997: 79 claims

$1.9 million paid.

2nd most

2001: 55 claims

$404,000 paid.

3rd most

2010: 9 claims

$77,000 paid.

Claims by ZIP code

Flood insurance claims by ZIP code
56265143$2.3 million
5624125$187,000

Flood events since 1996

  • Flood12
  • Heavy Rain5
  • Flash Flood3

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026. NOAA Storm Events through 2026.

Drought

In severe drought or worse for 164 of 1,581 months since 1895 (10%); the longest spell lasted 47 months.

164

Months in severe drought or worse since 1895

70

Months in extreme drought

10%

Share of all months, severe or worse

Lowest reading

August 1934

−9.27, extreme drought

Longest severe spell

47 months

July 1931 to May 1935.

Latest month

September 2026

+0.43, near normal

Last severe month: October 2022.

Months in severe drought or worse, by year 1895: 0 1896: 0 1897: 0 1898: 0 1899: 0 1900: 0 1901: 1 1902: 0 1903: 0 1904: 0 1905: 0 1906: 0 1907: 0 1908: 0 1909: 0 1910: 3 1911: 8 1912: 0 1913: 0 1914: 0 1915: 0 1916: 0 1917: 0 1918: 0 1919: 0 1920: 0 1921: 1 1922: 6 1923: 6 1924: 7 1925: 1 1926: 5 1927: 0 1928: 0 1929: 0 1930: 0 1931: 6 1932: 12 12 1933: 12 1934: 12 1935: 6 1936: 6 1937: 3 1938: 1 1939: 4 1940: 9 1941: 0 1942: 0 1943: 0 1944: 0 1945: 0 1946: 0 1947: 0 1948: 0 1949: 0 1950: 0 1951: 0 1952: 0 1953: 0 1954: 0 1955: 0 1956: 0 1957: 0 1958: 0 1959: 2 1960: 0 1961: 0 1962: 0 1963: 0 1964: 0 1965: 0 1966: 0 1967: 0 1968: 0 1969: 0 1970: 0 1971: 0 1972: 0 1973: 0 1974: 0 1975: 0 1976: 7 1977: 1 1978: 0 1979: 0 1980: 2 1981: 5 1982: 0 1983: 0 1984: 0 1985: 0 1986: 0 1987: 2 1988: 11 1989: 12 1990: 4 1991: 0 1992: 0 1993: 0 1994: 0 1995: 0 1996: 0 1997: 0 1998: 0 1999: 0 2000: 2 2001: 0 2002: 0 2003: 0 2004: 0 2005: 0 2006: 0 2007: 0 2008: 0 2009: 0 2010: 0 2011: 0 2012: 6 2013: 0 2014: 0 2015: 0 2016: 0 2017: 0 2018: 0 2019: 0 2020: 0 2021: 0 2022: 1 2023: 0 2024: 0 2025: 0 18951905191519251935194519551965197519851995200520152025
Months each year with a Palmer index of −3 or lower, 1895 to 2025. Twelve means the whole year.
  1. The Palmer Drought Severity Index is computed by NOAA each month from the county's average temperature and precipitation, relative to the county's own climate. Zero is normal; -3 or lower is severe drought and -4 or lower extreme drought. It describes the long-term balance of moisture, not water supply or crop losses.

NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, 1895 to September 2026, issued October 6, 2026.

Earthquakes

2 earthquakes of magnitude 4 or more within 50 miles since 1900; the largest was magnitude 4.6 in 1975.

0

Magnitude 2.5+ inside the county since 1973

3

Magnitude 3+ within 50 miles since 1973

2

Magnitude 4+ within 50 miles since 1900

0

Magnitude 5+ within 50 miles since 1900

Largest within 50 miles

July 9, 1975

Magnitude 4.6

Near Morris, Minnesota; 35.7 miles away, 6.2 miles deep.

Most recent, magnitude 3 or more

February 9, 1994

Magnitude 3.1

6 km NNE of Blomkest, Minnesota; 14.3 miles away.

Earthquakes of magnitude 3 or more within 50 miles, by year 1973: 0 1974: 0 1975: 1 1 1976: 0 1977: 0 1978: 0 1979: 0 1980: 0 1981: 0 1982: 0 1983: 0 1984: 0 1985: 0 1986: 0 1987: 0 1988: 0 1989: 0 1990: 0 1991: 0 1992: 0 1993: 1 1994: 1 1995: 0 1996: 0 1997: 0 1998: 0 1999: 0 2000: 0 2001: 0 2002: 0 2003: 0 2004: 0 2005: 0 2006: 0 2007: 0 2008: 0 2009: 0 2010: 0 2011: 0 2012: 0 2013: 0 2014: 0 2015: 0 2016: 0 2017: 0 2018: 0 2019: 0 2020: 0 2021: 0 2022: 0 2023: 0 2024: 0 2025: 0 19731978198319881993199820032008201320182023
Per year, 1973 to 2025.

Every earthquake of magnitude 4 or more within 50 miles

Earthquakes of magnitude 4 or more within 50 miles
Jun 4, 19934.138.16.211 km N of Johnson, Minnesota
Jul 9, 19754.635.76.2Near Morris, Minnesota
  1. Earthquakes of magnitude 2.5 or more in the USGS Comprehensive Catalog since 1900. Within 50 miles means the epicentre lies within 50 miles of the county boundary (or inside the county).
  2. Small earthquakes were under-recorded before the modern seismic networks of the 1970s and are still missed in remote areas, so early decades read low. Magnitudes are as the catalogue reports them and mix scales (moment, local and body-wave).

USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog, 1900 to present, retrieved October 30, 2026.

Severe weather and other events

455 events in the National Weather Service record, 408 of them since 1996.

73

Hail reports, 1 inch or larger

11

Hail, 2 inches or larger

73

Damaging gusts, 58 mph+

136

Winter weather events since 1996

11

Heat events since 1996

41

Cold events since 1996

Largest hail

July 1, 1957

3.00 inches

Strongest measured or estimated gust

August 29, 1983

81 mph

More event types since 1996

Other Storm Events types since 1996
Dense fog and smoke100Mar 30, 2001

Costliest events since 1996

  1. May 12, 2022Thunderstorm Wind$500,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    The local emergency manager for Chippewa County reported a swath of sporadic tree, shed and roof damage from farms around Granite Falls, north-northeast to the west side of Clara City.

  2. Mar 17, 2010Flood$345,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Numerous counties roads were flooded from snow melt and associated runoff along several tributaries of the Minnesota River, and the Minnesota River in Chippewa County. Monetary costs were based on FEMA, State, and Local assistance which includes the following categories; debris removal, emergency protective measures, road systems and bridges, water control facilities, utilities and parks.

  3. Apr 7, 2001Flash Flood$300,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    The same intense low pressure system that brought high wind to southern Minnesota also dumped a large area of 3 to 4 inches rain across west central and central Minnesota, on top of melting snow and saturated ground. Drainage ditches, still clogged with snow, were unable to accept most of this rain water. About 3000 homes in Stearns County and 500 homes in Benton County sustained water damage to basements. Several homes were flooded along Hawk Creek near Clara City (Chippewa County), as were about 50 homes in Chokio and Morris (Stevens County). Dozens of people were evacuated, though no injuries were reported. Hundreds of roads were submerged and some bridges flooded.

  4. May 16, 2015Tornado$250,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    A tornado produced damage at a farm. A 100' x 70' long machine shed was destroyed when it was pushed off its foundation, with metal blown 1.5 miles downwind. Much of the equipment inside the shed was destroyed. A metal fence was blown down, and dozens of trees were broken. The tornado even clipped off some of the new soybeans that had emerged and were only one or two inches out of the ground.

  5. Jun 24, 1998Thunderstorm Wind$250,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Chimney blown through roof of grocery store. Trees down.

  6. May 12, 2022Thunderstorm Wind$250,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    There was a concentrated area of wind damage from the southeast portion of Montevideo, then northeast for a few miles over rural western Chippewa County. Several trees, sheds and barns were damaged, including major damage to an apartment garage in the City of Montevideo.

  7. Apr 21, 2012Tornado$100,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Several witness and the local law enforcement confirmed that a tornado touchdown approximately 3.0 miles southwest of Big Bend City, near Highway 40, and tracked southeast, for a half mile before lifting. Based on damage from a barn and grainery, the tornado was rated an EF0 with wind speeds of 75 mph.

  8. Aug 8, 2020Thunderstorm Wind$100,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Numerous trees and power lines were blown down on the north and northeast side of Granite Falls. There was a measured wind gust of 122 mph on a wind farm north of Granite Falls. However, this measurement was taken at 200 feet above the ground.

  9. Apr 11, 2023Flood$75,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    A combination of record setting seasonal snowfall, high snow water equivalent values, and rapid snow melt led to low lying areas, ditches, and ravines across the county to flood for a prolonged period of time. Road infrastructure such as bridges, gravel roads, and culverts experience varied degrees of damage caused by rapid runoff. Chippewa County Emergency Management reported $75,600 in damages to roads and bridges.

  10. May 12, 2022Thunderstorm Wind$50,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    There was sporadic tree and shed damage to farms north of Gluek and into Louriston Township.

  1. Storm Events records before 1996 cover only tornadoes, thunderstorm wind and hail. Damage figures are as reported by the National Weather Service at the time, not adjusted for inflation.

NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, 1950 to 2026, issued October 26, 2026.

Weather records

From Milan 1NW, 18.7 miles from the county’s population centre, with records from 1893.

All-time high
113°FJul 21, 1934
All-time low
−42°FFeb 16, 1936
Warmest night
82°FAug 14, 1938
Coldest day
−21°FFeb 2, 1917
Wettest day
9.78 inJul 4, 1995
Snowiest day
15.0 in3 times, most recently Apr 11, 2008
Hottest year
2012mean 49.7°F
Coldest year
1903mean 40.2°F
Wettest year
199539.58 in
Driest year
19767.91 in
Snowiest season
92.0 in1996-97
Average monthly high and low temperature and precipitation, last 30 years, Milan 1NW 32°F 24° 5° 0.7 Jan 29° 8° 0.7 Feb 43° 22° 1.3 Mar 59° 34° 2.5 Apr 73° 47° 3.2 May 82° 58° 3.6 Jun 86° 61° 3.6 Jul 83° 59° 3.6 Aug 77° 51° 2.6 Sep 62° 38° 2.5 Oct 44° 24° 1.1 Nov 29° 11° 0.9 Dec Precipitation, inches
Average daily high and low by month, and average monthly precipitation, over the last 30 years.
Nights at or below freezing per year 1976: 191 1977: 155 1978: 167 1979: 193 1980: 181 1981: 163 1982: 176 1983: 180 1984: 173 1985: 165 1986: 162 1987: 165 1988: 194 1989: 197 197 1990: 182 1991: 178 1992: 187 1993: 176 1994: 161 1995: 166 1996: 178 1997: 179 1998: 151 1999: 149 2000: 148 2001: 153 2002: 187 2003: 162 2004: 165 2005: 163 2006: 170 2007: 159 2008: 176 2009: 163 2010: 143 2011: 162 2012: 146 2013: 181 2014: 159 2015: 140 2016: 139 2017: 148 2018: 181 2019: 167 2020: 173 2021: 159 2022: 171 2023: 167 2024: 145 2025: 154 19761986199620062016
Nights at or below freezing each complete year, last 50 years. Thirty-year average: 161.3.
Snowfall by winter 1976: 32.5 in 1977: 52.7 in 1978: 55.0 in 1979: 33.5 in 1980: 13.6 in 1981: 49.0 in 1982: 22.3 in 1983: 52.0 in 1984: 43.5 in 1985: 51.1 in 1986: 22.9 in 1987: 40.0 in 1989: 26.8 in 1990: 40.4 in 1991: 35.6 in 1992: 50.2 in 1993: 81.8 in 1994: 50.0 in 1995: 71.0 in 1996: 92.0 in 92.0 1997: 53.5 in 1998: 41.5 in 1999: 24.5 in 2000: 72.0 in 2001: 63.5 in 2002: 34.8 in 2003: 48.1 in 2004: 17.5 in 2005: 36.5 in 2006: 41.0 in 2007: 75.7 in 2008: 53.8 in 2009: 55.1 in 2010: 88.0 in 2011: 30.2 in 2012: 78.2 in 2013: 42.3 in 2014: 38.6 in 2015: 38.1 in 2016: 40.6 in 2017: 67.1 in 2018: 78.0 in 2019: 37.3 in 2020: 42.1 in 2021: 36.0 in 2022: 68.2 in 2023: 24.6 in 2024: 28.5 in 2025: 31.4 in 19761986199720072017
Total snowfall each winter (July to June), last 50 winters.

Median first snow

November 11

Earliest: September 25, 1912

Median last snow

April 7

Latest: May 18, 1968

0 of 97 winters had no measurable snow.

Station Milan 1NW (USC00215400), 1,020 ft elevation, 18.7 miles from the population centre. Daily records from 1893 to October 19, 2026; 99.1% of days in the last 30 years are complete. Records at a single station can differ from a city’s official threaded record, which may combine several stations.

NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily.

Federal disaster declarations

21 since 1953. The most recent: Severe Storms and Flooding, July 19, 2023.

Federal disaster declarations
Jul 19, 2023FloodSevere Storms and FloodingMajor disasterDR-4722-MN
Aug 9, 2022Severe StormSevere Storms, Straight-Line Winds, Tornadoes, and FloodingMajor disasterDR-4666-MN
Jul 8, 2022Severe StormSevere Storms, Straight-Line Winds, Tornadoes, and FloodingMajor disasterDR-4658-MN
Apr 7, 2020BiologicalCovid-19 PandemicMajor disasterDR-4531-MN
Mar 13, 2020BiologicalCovid-19EmergencyEM-3453-MN
Jun 12, 2019FloodSevere Winter Storm, Straight-Line Winds, and FloodingMajor disasterDR-4442-MN
Jul 21, 2014FloodSevere Storms, Straight-Line Winds, Flooding, Landslides, and MudslidesMajor disasterDR-4182-MN
May 10, 2011FloodSevere Storms and FloodingMajor disasterDR-1982-MN
Apr 19, 2010FloodFloodingMajor disasterDR-1900-MN
Mar 19, 2010FloodFloodingEmergencyEM-3310-MN
Apr 9, 2009Severe StormSevere Storms and FloodingMajor disasterDR-1830-MN
Sep 13, 2005HurricaneHurricane Katrina EvacuationEmergencyEM-3242-MN
May 16, 2001FloodSevere Winter Storms, Flooding, and TornadoesMajor disasterDR-1370-MN
Jun 27, 2000Severe StormSevere Storms and FloodingMajor disasterDR-1333-MN
Apr 8, 1997FloodSevere Flooding, High Winds,Severe StormsMajor disasterDR-1175-MN
Jan 16, 1997Severe StormSevere Winter StormsMajor disasterDR-1158-MN
Jun 11, 1993Severe StormSevere Storms, Tornadoes & FloodingMajor disasterDR-993-MN
Jun 26, 1992Severe StormSevere Storms, Tornadoes & FloodingMajor disasterDR-946-MN
Jun 17, 1976DroughtDroughtEmergencyEM-3013-MN
Apr 18, 1969FloodFloodingMajor disasterDR-255-MN
Apr 11, 1965FloodFloodingMajor disasterDR-188-MN

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries, retrieved October 30, 2026. Statewide declarations are not listed.

How this compares

Where Chippewa County stands among 87 counties in Minnesota and 3,143 in the United States.

Ranks
Tornadoes since 19502551 / 871,264 / 3,143
Tornadoes rated F3/EF3 or stronger0——
Tropical cyclones within 50 mi0——
Hurricane-strength passes within 50 mi0——
Wildfire acres since 19841,38231 / 871,241 / 3,143
Flood insurance claims17216 / 871,017 / 3,143
Flood insurance paid$2.5 million16 / 871,054 / 3,143
Disaster declarations2115 / 871,345 / 3,143
Flood events since 19962062 / 872,509 / 3,143
Hail and wind events since 199617176 / 872,203 / 3,143
Winter storm events since 199613627 / 87586 / 3,143
Reported damage since 1996$2.3 million77 / 872,729 / 3,143
River crests at major flood stage0——
High tide flooding days a year, last 10 years0.0——
Months in severe drought since 189516430 / 87659 / 3,143
Medium or heavy smoke days a year, last 10 years32.336 / 87110 / 3,143
Earthquakes M4+ within 50 mi since 190024 / 871,151 / 3,143
Earthquakes M2.5+ in the county since 19730——

Neighbouring counties

Neighbouring counties
Kandiyohi County56008
Lac qui Parle County16014,73245
Renville County30006
Swift County5102,44712
Yellow Medicine County2500146

Sources and vintage

Every number on this page comes from these public records.

  • Tornadoes NOAA Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, through 2025.
  • Tropical cyclones NOAA National Hurricane Center HURDAT2 (Atlantic; Northeast and Central Pacific), through 2025.
  • Wildfire USGS/USFS Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity, through 2026.
  • Storm events NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, through 2026.
  • Flood insurance OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026.
  • Declarations OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries v2, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Weather records NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily, station USC00215400.
  • River crests NOAA National Weather Service, National Water Prediction Service river gauges, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Drought NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, through September 2026.
  • Smoke NOAA NESDIS Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Earthquakes USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog (ComCat), retrieved October 30, 2026.

Joins, thresholds and known limits are set out in the methodology. Found an error? Report it. Page built October 30, 2026.