Ochiltree County

Population 9,284 (2025) 918 sq mi

Ochiltree County has recorded 71 tornadoes since 1950, 30th most of 254 counties in Texas; the most recent was on September 8, 2025.

Hazard fingerprint for Ochiltree County Tornado: 88th percentile. Tropical: 0th percentile. Wildfire: 76th percentile. Flood: 22th percentile. Hail & wind: 62th percentile. Heat: 0th percentile. Cold: 75th percentile. Winter: 54th percentile. TORTROPFIREFLOODSEVEREHEATCOLDWINTER

Hazard fingerprint Each spoke is this county’s percentile among U.S. counties where that hazard occurs. How it is computed

2026
  • Tornado damage paths since 195071
  • Wildfire burn scars since 19848

At a glance

The record for Ochiltree County in eight numbers. Each links to its section below.

Tornadoes since 1950

71

30th of 254 in Texas

2.0 times the typical Texas county

Details

Acres burned since 1984

58,002

49th of 254 in Texas

8 large fires; the largest was Perryton, 2017

Details

Strongest tornado

F4

March 18, 1982, 88.0 mile path

Largest earthquake within 50 mi

5.0magnitude

July 23, 2026, 12.4 miles away

Details

Federal disaster declarations

14

Most recent: Severe Winter Storms, 2021

Details

Record high

110°F

Reached 3 times, most recently July 20, 2022

Details

Record low

−14°F

Reached 4 times, most recently February 16, 2021

Details

Snowiest season

42.0in

Winter of 1982-83

Tornadoes

About one every 1.1 years since 1950, 5 of them rated F3/EF3 or stronger.

Strongest

March 18, 1982

F4, 88.0 mile path

880 yards wide.

Deadliest

June 15, 2023

3 killed, EF3

100 injured along the whole path.

Most recent

Monday, September 8, 2025

EFU, 0.1 mile path

Within the past year.

Tornadoes by decade Doppler radar era² 1950s: 2 2 1960s: 11 11 1970s: 2 2 1980s: 10 10 1990s: 12 12 2000s: 11 11 2010s: 14 14 2020s: 9 9 1950s1960s1970s1980s1990s2000s2010s2020s
Recorded tornadoes per decade. The 2020s are incomplete.
Tornadoes by month J: 0 F: 0 M: 4 A: 4 M: 34 34 J: 20 J: 2 A: 0 S: 2 O: 1 N: 4 D: 0 JFMAMJJASOND
By month of occurrence, all years.

Every recorded tornado

Tornadoes in Ochiltree County since 1950
Sep 8, 2025EFU0.12500
Mar 24, 2024EF00.73000
Mar 24, 2024EF11.610000
Mar 24, 2024EFU0.73000
Jun 15, 2023EF012.35000
Jun 15, 2023EF36.38801003
Jun 15, 2023EF217.420000
May 26, 2021EF00.92000
May 26, 2021EFU1.32000
May 23, 2019EF217.590000
May 7, 2019EF00.02000
May 22, 2016EF00.15000
May 22, 2016EFU0.25000
May 22, 2016EF12.47500
May 22, 2016EF11.540000
May 22, 2016EF11.550000
May 22, 2016EF02.57500
Nov 16, 2015EF114.67000
Nov 16, 2015EF15.240000
Nov 16, 2015EF15.820000
Nov 16, 2015EF03.710000
Jun 6, 2014EF01.67000
May 19, 2010EF01.15000
Jun 15, 2009EF00.25000
Jun 15, 2008EF01.35000
Apr 26, 2008EF00.12000
May 23, 2007EF13.088000
May 23, 2007EF02.05000
May 23, 2007EF02.05000
May 23, 2007EF01.05000
May 23, 2007EF01.05000
Apr 19, 2004F01.044000
Apr 6, 2001F110.010000
Jun 13, 2000F00.12000
May 24, 1996F00.55000
May 24, 1996F00.55000
May 24, 1996F00.64000
Jun 8, 1995F01.07300
May 17, 1995F03.07300
Jun 18, 1992F00.21000
May 29, 1991F00.56000
May 31, 1990F23.045000
May 31, 1990F00.77000
May 31, 1990F314.01,40700
May 31, 1990F01.25000
May 31, 1990F17.017700
Jul 14, 1987F12.09000
Jun 29, 1987F00.14000
Jun 11, 1987F11.56041
May 25, 1987F110.08000
May 25, 1987F33.070000
Sep 18, 1985F00.11000
Jun 13, 1983F00.38000
Jun 14, 1982F212.2100100
May 30, 1982F10.45000
Mar 18, 1982F488.0880120
Apr 30, 1978F28.610000
May 24, 1972F14.344000
Jun 10, 1969F00.11000
Oct 9, 1968F00.11700
Jun 6, 1968F00.11000
Jul 3, 1967F21.05000
Jun 9, 1965F00.51700
Jun 3, 1962F10.11000
May 27, 1962F34.5200130
May 27, 1962F21.08300
May 27, 1962F11.55000
Jun 15, 1960F10.72700
Jun 15, 1960F10.42300
Jun 10, 1957F20.11000
May 4, 1950F21.950131
  1. Injuries and deaths are for the tornado’s whole path, which may extend beyond the county. Deaths recorded within Ochiltree County: 5.
  2. Weak tornadoes were under-recorded before Doppler radar coverage became national in the early 1990s, so earlier decades read low. Ratings use the Fujita scale before February 2007 and the Enhanced Fujita scale after.

Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, 1950 to 2025.

Hurricanes and tropical storms

No tropical storm or hurricane has tracked within 100 miles since records began in 1851.

Wildfire and smoke

58,002 acres burned in 8 large fires since 1984, equal to 9.9% of the land.

Largest

March 6, 2017

Perryton Fire, 290,085 acres

31,350 acres inside Ochiltree County.

Most recent

March 14, 2025

Windmill Fire

23,924 acres in total.

Acres burned since 1984, cumulative 2000: 3,4302006: 1,0062017: 33,0042022: 2,2542025: 18,308 58,002 acres 198519901995200020052010201520202025
Running total of acres burned inside the county (line) and each year’s acres (bars).

Every large fire

Large wildfires since 1984
Windmill202518,30823,924
Lucky Strike20221,1501,219
2812320221,1031,105
Rankin Ranch Road20171,65337,703
Perryton201731,350290,085
East Amarillo Complex20061,006593,293
Unnamed20001261,475
Unnamed20003,3023,307
  1. Large fires mapped by the Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity program since 1984: 1,000 acres or more in the West, 500 or more in the East. Prescribed burns are excluded. Acres here are the part of each perimeter inside this place.

Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity (USGS and U.S. Forest Service), 1984 to 2026.

Smoke overhead

Smokiest year

2021: 42 days

Heavy smoke on 16 days in 2020, the most of any year.

Last 10 years

16.6 days a year

Medium or heavy smoke, 2016 to 2025.

2025

5 days

Medium or heavy smoke. 20 so far in 2026.

Days with medium or heavy smoke overhead, by year 2011: 20 2012: 19 2013: 9 2014: 0 2015: 6 2016: 1 2017: 10 2018: 9 2019: 3 2020: 39 2021: 42 42 2022: 24 2023: 17 2024: 16 2025: 5 201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022202320242025
Days each year on which a satellite-traced plume of medium or heavy smoke covered the county’s population centre, 2011 to 2025.
  1. A smoke day is a date on which a smoke plume traced by NOAA Hazard Mapping System analysts from satellite imagery covered this place's point (the county's population centre or the city centre). Counts here are of medium or heavy smoke. Since 2018 analysts have often drawn light smoke as one area over most of the continent, so light-smoke counts are not comparable from year to year. The plumes show smoke anywhere in the air above, not air quality at the ground, and smoke hidden by cloud is missed.

NOAA Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, 2011 to 2026, retrieved October 30, 2026.

Floods and flood insurance

No federal flood insurance claims are recorded for this county.

Flood events since 1996

  • Flash Flood17
  • Flood8
  • Heavy Rain2

OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026. NOAA Storm Events through 2026.

Drought

In severe drought or worse for 146 of 1,581 months since 1895 (9%); the longest spell lasted 17 months.

146

Months in severe drought or worse since 1895

46

Months in extreme drought

9%

Share of all months, severe or worse

53

Drought reports to the Weather Service since 1996

Lowest reading

August 2011

−5.20, extreme drought

Longest severe spell

17 months

July 1934 to November 1935.

Latest month

September 2026

−3.76, severe drought

Months in severe drought or worse, by year 1895: 0 1896: 3 1897: 0 1898: 0 1899: 0 1900: 0 1901: 0 1902: 0 1903: 0 1904: 1 1905: 0 1906: 0 1907: 0 1908: 0 1909: 0 1910: 0 1911: 1 1912: 0 1913: 1 1914: 0 1915: 0 1916: 0 1917: 1 1918: 0 1919: 0 1920: 0 1921: 0 1922: 0 1923: 0 1924: 0 1925: 3 1926: 0 1927: 0 1928: 0 1929: 0 1930: 0 1931: 0 1932: 0 1933: 4 1934: 6 1935: 11 11 1936: 1 1937: 1 1938: 0 1939: 0 1940: 3 1941: 0 1942: 0 1943: 0 1944: 0 1945: 0 1946: 2 1947: 0 1948: 0 1949: 0 1950: 0 1951: 0 1952: 7 1953: 9 1954: 9 1955: 8 1956: 11 1957: 2 1958: 0 1959: 0 1960: 0 1961: 0 1962: 0 1963: 3 1964: 8 1965: 0 1966: 0 1967: 1 1968: 0 1969: 0 1970: 1 1971: 4 1972: 0 1973: 0 1974: 1 1975: 0 1976: 0 1977: 1 1978: 0 1979: 0 1980: 0 1981: 2 1982: 0 1983: 0 1984: 0 1985: 0 1986: 1 1987: 0 1988: 0 1989: 0 1990: 0 1991: 2 1992: 0 1993: 0 1994: 0 1995: 0 1996: 0 1997: 0 1998: 0 1999: 0 2000: 0 2001: 0 2002: 0 2003: 0 2004: 0 2005: 0 2006: 3 2007: 0 2008: 0 2009: 0 2010: 0 2011: 6 2012: 7 2013: 4 2014: 1 2015: 0 2016: 0 2017: 0 2018: 1 2019: 0 2020: 0 2021: 0 2022: 6 2023: 4 2024: 0 2025: 0 18951905191519251935194519551965197519851995200520152025
Months each year with a Palmer index of −3 or lower, 1895 to 2025. Twelve means the whole year.
  1. The Palmer Drought Severity Index is computed by NOAA each month from the county's average temperature and precipitation, relative to the county's own climate. Zero is normal; -3 or lower is severe drought and -4 or lower extreme drought. It describes the long-term balance of moisture, not water supply or crop losses.

NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, 1895 to September 2026, issued October 6, 2026.

Earthquakes

5 earthquakes of magnitude 4 or more within 50 miles since 1900; the largest was magnitude 5.0 in 2026.

0

Magnitude 2.5+ inside the county since 1973

12

Magnitude 3+ within 50 miles since 1973

5

Magnitude 4+ within 50 miles since 1900

1

Magnitude 5+ within 50 miles since 1900

Largest within 50 miles

July 23, 2026

Magnitude 5.0

38 km SSE of Spearman, Texas; 12.4 miles away, 3.5 miles deep.

Most recent, magnitude 3 or more

July 23, 2026

Magnitude 5.0

38 km SSE of Spearman, Texas; 12.4 miles away.

Earthquakes of magnitude 3 or more within 50 miles, by year 1973: 0 1974: 1 1975: 0 1976: 2 1977: 0 1978: 0 1979: 0 1980: 1 1981: 0 1982: 0 1983: 0 1984: 0 1985: 0 1986: 0 1987: 0 1988: 0 1989: 0 1990: 0 1991: 0 1992: 0 1993: 0 1994: 0 1995: 0 1996: 0 1997: 0 1998: 0 1999: 0 2000: 0 2001: 0 2002: 0 2003: 0 2004: 0 2005: 0 2006: 1 2007: 1 2008: 2 2009: 0 2010: 0 2011: 0 2012: 0 2013: 0 2014: 0 2015: 0 2016: 0 2017: 0 2018: 0 2019: 0 2020: 0 2021: 3 3 2022: 0 2023: 0 2024: 0 2025: 0 19731978198319881993199820032008201320182023
Per year, 1973 to 2025.

Every earthquake of magnitude 4 or more within 50 miles

Earthquakes of magnitude 4 or more within 50 miles
Jul 23, 20265.012.43.538 km SSE of Spearman, Texas
May 25, 20214.038.14.83 km WNW of Shattuck, Oklahoma
Apr 14, 20214.314.84.834 km NNE of Skellytown, Texas
Feb 15, 19744.58.214.914 km NE of Perryton, Texas
Jul 30, 19254.947.0—Near Panhandle, Texas
  1. Earthquakes of magnitude 2.5 or more in the USGS Comprehensive Catalog since 1900. Within 50 miles means the epicentre lies within 50 miles of the county boundary (or inside the county).
  2. Small earthquakes were under-recorded before the modern seismic networks of the 1970s and are still missed in remote areas, so early decades read low. Magnitudes are as the catalogue reports them and mix scales (moment, local and body-wave).

USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog, 1900 to present, retrieved October 30, 2026.

Severe weather and other events

829 events in the National Weather Service record, 713 of them since 1996.

255

Hail reports, 1 inch or larger

54

Hail, 2 inches or larger

124

Damaging gusts, 58 mph+

72

Winter weather events since 1996

0

Heat events since 1996

25

Cold events since 1996

Largest hail

June 15, 2009

4.50 inches

Strongest measured or estimated gust

April 10, 2001

104 mph

More event types since 1996

Other Storm Events types since 1996
Dust storms and dust devils200Mar 18, 2014
Dense fog and smoke800Dec 11, 2014

Costliest events since 1996

  1. Mar 6, 2017Wildfire, Ochiltree$25.1 million
    National Weather Service narrative

    The Perryton Wildfire began around 1450CST about thirteen miles southwest of Wolf Creek Park in Ochiltree County. The wildfire was caused by downed power lines or sparks from a transformer and the wildfire consumed three hundred and eighteen thousand and fifty six acres. There was a report that this wildfire spread east across southern Lipscomb and northern Hemphill counties. The Perryton wildfire has been determined to be the third largest wildfire in the history of the Texas A&M Forest Service. The wildfire threatened homes north of Canadian and residents were urged to evacuate at a moment���s notice. The town of Higgins was also threatened briefly. There were two hundred…

  2. Jan 14, 2017Ice Storm, Ochiltree$5.7 million
    National Weather Service narrative

    The number of residents affected were 3066. There were 413 business that also reported economic injuries. Damages and economic impact also resulted from: debris cleanup (downed trees, etc), numerous downed power lines and broken power poles, and damaged to roads and bridges.

  3. Jun 15, 2023Tornado$1.0 million
    National Weather Service narrative

    The tornado touched down to the northwest of Perryton and crossed|Highway 143. It entered town, where it caused significant damage|to a mobile home community. Dozens of mobile homes were|completely destroyed. It continued into downtown and caused|structural damage to several downtown shops, some with collapsed|walls. A microwave tower was also folded in half. The tornado|intensified and caused low end EF3 damage to a few retail stores|in downtown and along Ash Street, some of which were completely destroyed. |As the tornado continued to the southeast across Birch and Cedar |Streets, it damaged numerous mobile homes and single family structures, |continuing as an EF2 in this area.…

  4. Feb 24, 2013Blizzard, Ochiltree$660,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Blizzard conditions reported by a trained spotter in Perryton and 15.0 inches storm total snow.

  5. Sep 18, 1996Flash Flood$500,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Extensive flooding occurred along Wolf Creek in southeast Ochiltree County. At Lake Fryer along the creek water ran 8 feet over the spill way. Two campers were washed downstream and water flood sic other campers and four homes. People had to be rescued from the Wolf Creek County Park by helicopter.

  6. Jul 22, 1996Thunderstorm Wind$500,000
  7. Apr 6, 2001Tornado$500,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    A tornado touched down southwest of Perryton and then moved northeast clipping the southern sections of the city. The tornado then lifted northeast of the city near the airport. Damage occurred to homes and businesses along the tornado's path. The path length and width were made following an official storm survey taken of the event.

  8. Jun 16, 1997Hail$500,000
  9. Jun 15, 2023Tornado$114,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Several land spouts developed along the flanking line of a|tornadic supercell storm just north of the area. Two of these|grew significantly and became rather strong and long lived|tornadoes that were documented by several storm chasers in the|area. The stronger of the twins was rated an EF2 based on snapped|power poles along the path, but both mostly remained in open|grasslands.The tornado remained in open county and produced very|little damage outside the occasional prairie scrub brush which it|ripped from the ground. It did cross Highway 70 snapping power|poles at its peak which provided the EF2 rating. The tornado also|crossed Highway 83 before roping out near Wolf Creek Park.

  10. Apr 10, 2001Thunderstorm Wind$100,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Visible damage was reported across northeastern Ochiltree county with one home and a barn sustaining severe damage. The Highway 15 storage units were totaled by the extremely high winds and a roundtop at the Roy Hughe place was lifted by the damaging winds and moved about twenty feet. Two large overhead doors were blown down at Tom McGee's building on the west end of Highway 15.

  1. Storm Events records before 1996 cover only tornadoes, thunderstorm wind and hail. Damage figures are as reported by the National Weather Service at the time, not adjusted for inflation.

NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, 1950 to 2026, issued October 26, 2026.

Weather records

From Gruver, 34.1 miles from the county’s population centre, with records from 1962.

All-time high
110°F3 times, most recently Jul 20, 2022
All-time low
−14°F4 times, most recently Feb 16, 2021
Warmest night
79°FAug 2, 1964
Coldest day
2°FDec 23, 1990
Wettest day
9.72 inJun 13, 2010
Snowiest day
14.0 inJan 29, 2010
Hottest year
2024mean 60.0°F
Coldest year
1997mean 53.6°F
Wettest year
201538.37 in
Driest year
20228.81 in
Snowiest season
42.0 in1982-83
Average monthly high and low temperature and precipitation, last 30 years, Gruver 32°F 50° 20° 0.5 Jan 53° 22° 0.4 Feb 63° 31° 1.2 Mar 71° 39° 1.7 Apr 80° 50° 2.7 May 90° 61° 3.4 Jun 94° 66° 2.5 Jul 92° 64° 2.3 Aug 86° 57° 1.9 Sep 73° 43° 2.0 Oct 62° 31° 0.8 Nov 50° 22° 0.8 Dec Precipitation, inches
Average daily high and low by month, and average monthly precipitation, over the last 30 years.
Days reaching 95°F per year 1976: 61 1977: 63 1978: 71 1979: 42 1980: 75 1981: 44 1982: 30 1983: 70 1984: 47 1985: 66 1986: 28 1987: 25 1988: 27 1990: 41 1991: 14 1992: 13 1993: 19 1994: 35 1995: 30 1996: 23 1997: 22 1998: 56 1999: 33 2000: 60 2001: 53 2002: 29 2006: 41 2007: 27 2008: 28 2009: 36 2010: 51 2011: 87 87 2012: 64 2013: 46 2014: 39 2015: 36 2016: 46 2017: 37 2018: 47 2019: 45 2020: 63 2021: 50 2022: 76 2023: 49 2024: 68 2025: 37 19761986199720102020
Days reaching 95°F each complete year, last 50 years. Thirty-year average: 46.3.
Snowfall by winter 1976: 10.3 in 1977: 25.3 in 1978: 16.0 in 1980: 8.2 in 1981: 21.1 in 1982: 42.0 in 42.0 1984: 9.0 in 1985: 8.0 in 1987: 32.0 in 1989: 6.1 in 1990: 0.0 in 1991: 3.3 in 1992: 16.0 in 1994: 6.8 in 1995: 0.1 in 1996: 16.0 in 1997: 33.5 in 1998: 6.0 in 1999: 8.0 in 2000: 16.9 in 2001: 9.0 in 2002: 14.5 in 2004: 0.0 in 2005: 0.5 in 2006: 24.6 in 2007: 12.0 in 2008: 12.0 in 2009: 29.6 in 2016: 9.0 in 2017: 2.0 in 2018: 9.2 in 2019: 9.5 in 2020: 31.5 in 2021: 12.0 in 2022: 6.5 in 2023: 10.1 in 2025: 3.6 in 1976199020012018
Total snowfall each winter (July to June), last 50 winters.

Median first snow

November 28

Earliest: October 8, 1970

Median last snow

March 11

Latest: May 3, 1978

6 of 69 winters had no measurable snow.

Station Gruver (USC00413787), 3,170 ft elevation, 34.1 miles from the population centre. Daily records from 1962 to October 23, 2026; 97.1% of days in the last 30 years are complete. Records at a single station can differ from a city’s official threaded record, which may combine several stations.

NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily.

Federal disaster declarations

14 since 1953. The most recent: Severe Winter Storms, February 19, 2021.

Federal disaster declarations
Feb 19, 2021Severe Ice StormSevere Winter StormsMajor disasterDR-4586-TX
Feb 14, 2021Severe Ice StormSevere Winter StormEmergencyEM-3554-TX
Mar 25, 2020BiologicalCovid-19 PandemicMajor disasterDR-4485-TX
Mar 13, 2020BiologicalCovid-19EmergencyEM-3458-TX
Jul 1, 2011FireWildfiresMajor disasterDR-1999-TX
Mar 14, 2008FireWildfiresEmergencyEM-3284-TX
Jan 11, 2006FireExtreme Wildfire ThreatMajor disasterDR-1624-TX
Sep 24, 2005HurricaneHurricane RitaMajor disasterDR-1606-TX
Sep 21, 2005HurricaneHurricane RitaEmergencyEM-3261-TX
Sep 2, 2005HurricaneHurricane Katrina EvacuationEmergencyEM-3216-TX
Sep 1, 1999FireExtreme Fire HazardsEmergencyEM-3142-TX
Aug 26, 1998Severe StormTropical Storm CharleyMajor disasterDR-1239-TX
May 2, 1990Severe StormSevere Storms, Tornadoes & FloodingMajor disasterDR-863-TX
May 19, 1989Severe StormSevere Storms, Tornadoes & FloodingMajor disasterDR-828-TX

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries, retrieved October 30, 2026. Statewide declarations are not listed.

How this compares

Where Ochiltree County stands among 254 counties in Texas and 3,143 in the United States.

Ranks
Tornadoes since 19507130 / 254163 / 3,143
Tornadoes rated F3/EF3 or stronger519 / 254242 / 3,143
Tropical cyclones within 50 mi0——
Hurricane-strength passes within 50 mi0——
Wildfire acres since 198458,00249 / 254426 / 3,143
Flood insurance claims0——
Flood insurance paid$0——
Disaster declarations14223 / 2542,433 / 3,143
Flood events since 199627191 / 2542,222 / 3,143
Hail and wind events since 199647435 / 254517 / 3,143
Winter storm events since 19967215 / 2541,407 / 3,143
Reported damage since 1996$35.6 million94 / 2541,046 / 3,143
River crests at major flood stage0——
High tide flooding days a year, last 10 years0.0——
Months in severe drought since 1895146220 / 2541,041 / 3,143
Medium or heavy smoke days a year, last 10 years16.64 / 2541,392 / 3,143
Earthquakes M4+ within 50 mi since 1900557 / 254678 / 3,143
Earthquakes M2.5+ in the county since 19730——

Neighbouring counties

Neighbouring counties
Beaver County OK760383,5531
Hansford County6906,2751
Lipscomb County450156,8626
Roberts County440774,4050
Texas County OK76022,9103

Sources and vintage

Every number on this page comes from these public records.

  • Tornadoes NOAA Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, through 2025.
  • Tropical cyclones NOAA National Hurricane Center HURDAT2 (Atlantic; Northeast and Central Pacific), through 2025.
  • Wildfire USGS/USFS Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity, through 2026.
  • Storm events NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, through 2026.
  • Flood insurance OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026.
  • Declarations OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries v2, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Weather records NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily, station USC00413787.
  • River crests NOAA National Weather Service, National Water Prediction Service river gauges, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Drought NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, through September 2026.
  • Smoke NOAA NESDIS Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Earthquakes USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog (ComCat), retrieved October 30, 2026.

Joins, thresholds and known limits are set out in the methodology. Found an error? Report it. Page built October 30, 2026.