Robertson County

Population 17,839 (2025) 855 sq mi

14 tropical storms and hurricanes have passed within 50 miles of Robertson County since 1851, 1 of them at hurricane strength; the strongest was an unnamed storm in 1900 (Category 1).

Hazard fingerprint for Robertson County Tornado: 29th percentile. Tropical: 63th percentile. Wildfire: 0th percentile. Flood: 36th percentile. Hail & wind: 14th percentile. Heat: 84th percentile. Cold: 39th percentile. Winter: 14th percentile. TORTROPFIREFLOODSEVEREHEATCOLDWINTER

Hazard fingerprint Each spoke is this county’s percentile among U.S. counties where that hazard occurs. How it is computed

2026
  • Tornado damage paths since 195018
  • Tropical cyclone tracks within 100 miles since 1851, wider where stronger25
  • Major flood years since 19781

At a glance

The record for Robertson County in eight numbers. Each links to its section below.

Tropical cyclones within 50 mi

14

66th of 254 in Texas

1 at hurricane strength since 1851

Details

Flood insurance claims

53

115th of 254 in Texas

$1.5 million paid since 1983

Details

Tornadoes since 1950

18

197th of 254 in Texas

Fewer than the typical Texas county, which has had 35

Details

Strongest tornado

F3

April 30, 1954, 139.9 mile path

Strongest tropical cyclone

Cat. 1

Hurricane (unnamed), 1900, 5.0 miles away

Federal disaster declarations

18

Most recent: Hurricane Beryl, 2024

Details

Record high

112°F

Reached 3 times, most recently August 27, 2023

Details

Record low

2°F

December 23, 1989

Details

Tornadoes

About one every 4.2 years since 1950, 3 of them rated F3/EF3 or stronger.

Strongest

April 30, 1954

F3, 139.9 mile path

880 yards wide.

Most recent

Tuesday, May 6, 2025

EF0, 2.9 mile path

Within the past year.

Tornadoes by decade Doppler radar era² 1950s: 2 2 1960s: 0 1970s: 2 2 1980s: 1 1 1990s: 0 2000s: 7 7 2010s: 4 4 2020s: 2 2 1950s1960s1970s1980s1990s2000s2010s2020s
Recorded tornadoes per decade. The 2020s are incomplete.
Tornadoes by month J: 0 F: 0 M: 0 A: 8 8 M: 8 J: 1 J: 0 A: 0 S: 0 O: 0 N: 0 D: 1 JFMAMJJASOND
By month of occurrence, all years.

Every recorded tornado

Tornadoes in Robertson County since 1950
May 6, 2025EF02.910000
May 23, 2024EF014.930000
May 8, 2019EF00.310000
Apr 13, 2019EFU2.35000
Apr 13, 2019EF332.525000
Apr 6, 2019EFU0.12500
Apr 28, 2009EF00.15000
Apr 18, 2009EF00.15000
May 7, 2008EF02.15000
May 7, 2008EF12.625000
May 7, 2008EF01.05000
Dec 29, 2006F03.05000
Jun 22, 2004F050.02000
May 13, 1980F19.76700
Apr 29, 1975F226.320000
Apr 18, 1970F00.82700
May 10, 1959F315.833370
Apr 30, 1954F3139.988060
  1. Injuries and deaths are for the tornado’s whole path, which may extend beyond the county. Deaths recorded within Robertson County: 0.
  2. Weak tornadoes were under-recorded before Doppler radar coverage became national in the early 1990s, so earlier decades read low. Ratings use the Fujita scale before February 2007 and the Enhanced Fujita scale after.

Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, 1950 to 2025.

Hurricanes and tropical storms

14 passed within 50 miles since 1851; 1 at hurricane strength.

Strongest within 50 miles

September 9, 1900

Unnamed storm, Category 1

5.0 miles at closest approach, winds near 79 mph.

Most recent

July 8, 2024

Beryl, Tropical storm

42.5 miles at closest approach.

Tropical cyclones within 50 miles by decade 50s: 1 60s: 0 70s: 1 80s: 1 90s: 1 00s: 2 2 10s: 1 20s: 1 30s: 1 40s: 2 50s: 0 60s: 1 70s: 0 80s: 1 90s: 0 00s: 0 10s: 0 20s: 1 50s60s70s80s90s00s10s20s30s40s50s60s70s80s90s00s10s20s
Storms within 50 miles, by decade. Records before about 1900 miss storms that never reached land or ships.

Every storm within 100 miles

Tropical cyclones within 100 miles
Beryl202442.5Tropical storm58Category 5
Ike200858.3Category 178Category 4
Bonnie198691.0Tropical storm39Category 1
Alicia19830.0Tropical storm44Category 3
Danielle198097.7Tropical storm40Tropical storm
Delia197354.1Tropical storm44Category 1
Candy196853.3Tropical storm40Tropical storm
Carla196145.5Tropical storm52Category 4
Unnamed194971.9Tropical storm48Category 2
Unnamed19450.0Tropical storm43Category 3
Unnamed19431.5Tropical storm43Category 2
Unnamed194162.9Tropical storm60Category 3
Unnamed193232.4Tropical storm46Category 4
Unnamed19218.0Tropical storm44Category 1
Unnamed19150.0Tropical storm46Category 4
Unnamed190990.8Tropical storm55Category 3
Unnamed190225.9Tropical storm41Category 1
Unnamed19005.0Category 179Category 4
Unnamed18970.0Tropical storm52Category 1
Unnamed189179.9Tropical storm67Category 1
Unnamed188844.1Tropical storm40Tropical storm
Unnamed187552.8Tropical storm58Category 3
Unnamed187167.3Tropical storm46Tropical storm
Unnamed18718.9Tropical storm46Tropical storm
Unnamed185441.0Tropical storm46Category 2
  1. Tropical storms and hurricanes (34 kt or more, still tropical) at closest approach. Post-tropical remnants with gale-force winds are listed but not counted. Direct: track within 50 miles; near: within 100 miles. Distance is measured to the county boundary for counties and to the city centre for cities, using positions interpolated hourly between HURDAT2 fixes.

National Hurricane Center HURDAT2, 1851 to 2025.

Wildfire and smoke

No large wildfire has been mapped here since satellite mapping began in 1984.

Smoke overhead

Smokiest year

2023: 36 days

Heavy smoke on 4 days in 2021, the most of any year.

Last 10 years

10.5 days a year

Medium or heavy smoke, 2016 to 2025.

2025

4 days

Medium or heavy smoke. 11 so far in 2026.

Days with medium or heavy smoke overhead, by year 2011: 9 2012: 9 2013: 5 2014: 1 2015: 2 2016: 0 2017: 3 2018: 3 2019: 0 2020: 10 2021: 21 2022: 17 2023: 36 36 2024: 11 2025: 4 201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022202320242025
Days each year on which a satellite-traced plume of medium or heavy smoke covered the county’s population centre, 2011 to 2025.
  1. A smoke day is a date on which a smoke plume traced by NOAA Hazard Mapping System analysts from satellite imagery covered this place's point (the county's population centre or the city centre). Counts here are of medium or heavy smoke. Since 2018 analysts have often drawn light smoke as one area over most of the continent, so light-smoke counts are not comparable from year to year. The plumes show smoke anywhere in the air above, not air quality at the ground, and smoke hidden by cloud is missed.

NOAA Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, 2011 to 2026, retrieved October 30, 2026.

Floods and flood insurance

53 federal flood insurance claims since 1983, with $1.5 million paid.

Federal flood insurance claims by year 2004: 43 43 2004
Claims per year since 1983. Years with fewer than five claims are not shown.

Most claims in one year

2004: 43 claims

$1.4 million paid.

Claims by ZIP code

Flood insurance claims by ZIP code
7785952$1.4 million

Flood events since 1996

  • Flash Flood36
  • Heavy Rain5
  • Flood3

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026. NOAA Storm Events through 2026.

River crests

Most severe crest

May 4, 2024

Navasota River near Normangee, 25.61 ft

10.61 feet above the 15.0 ft flood stage; major flooding by today’s categories.

Most recent moderate or major crest

June 2, 2024

Navasota River near Normangee, 19.52 ft

Moderate flooding.

Highest river crests above flood stage
May 4, 2024Navasota River near Normangee25.61+10.61Major
May 1, 2009Navasota River near Normangee22.72+7.72Major
Mar 11, 2016Navasota River near Normangee22.39+7.39Major
Jan 31, 1999Navasota River near Normangee20.53+5.53Major
May 15, 2024Navasota River near Normangee20.33+5.33Major
Apr 14, 2017Navasota River near Normangee20.15+5.15Major
May 28, 2015Navasota River near Normangee19.77+4.77Moderate
Mar 23, 2012Navasota River near Normangee19.57+4.57Moderate
Jun 3, 2021Navasota River near Normangee19.57+4.57Moderate
Nov 2, 2013Navasota River near Normangee19.54+4.54Moderate
Jun 2, 2024Navasota River near Normangee19.52+4.52Moderate
Dec 19, 2001Navasota River near Normangee19.30+4.30Moderate
Jan 5, 2019Navasota River near Normangee19.22+4.22Moderate
May 5, 2007Navasota River near Normangee19.13+4.13Moderate
Jan 9, 1998Navasota River near Normangee19.00+4.00Moderate
Jul 17, 2007Navasota River near Normangee18.92+3.92Moderate
Feb 23, 2003Navasota River near Normangee18.67+3.67Moderate
Jan 16, 2007Navasota River near Normangee18.50+3.50Moderate
Oct 21, 1998Navasota River near Normangee18.17+3.17Moderate
Apr 27, 2019Navasota River near Normangee18.16+3.16Moderate
Mar 15, 2007Navasota River near Normangee18.15+3.15Moderate
Apr 9, 2019Navasota River near Normangee17.70+2.70Minor
Dec 29, 2018Navasota River near Normangee17.62+2.62Minor
Nov 25, 2004Navasota River near Normangee17.55+2.55Minor
Dec 29, 2000Navasota River near Normangee17.51+2.51Minor

River gauges

River gauges and their highest listed crests
Navasota River near Normangee15.025.61 ftMay 4, 20246
  1. Crests are the highest and the recent crests the National Weather Service lists for each river gauge in the county that has a flood stage, not every flood. Flood categories use each gauge's current flood stages; crests from before levees, dams or channel changes may not be comparable. Crests measured on an old datum are left out of the rankings.

NOAA National Water Prediction Service gauge records, retrieved October 30, 2026.

Drought

In severe drought or worse for 206 of 1,581 months since 1895 (13%); the longest spell lasted 22 months.

206

Months in severe drought or worse since 1895

88

Months in extreme drought

13%

Share of all months, severe or worse

81

Drought reports to the Weather Service since 1996

Lowest reading

July 1925

−8.06, extreme drought

Longest severe spell

22 months

December 1916 to September 1918.

Latest month

September 2026

−4.15, extreme drought

Months in severe drought or worse, by year 1895: 0 1896: 1 1897: 0 1898: 0 1899: 0 1900: 0 1901: 9 1902: 6 1903: 0 1904: 1 1905: 0 1906: 0 1907: 0 1908: 0 1909: 10 1910: 8 1911: 8 1912: 0 1913: 0 1914: 0 1915: 0 1916: 1 1917: 12 12 1918: 9 1919: 0 1920: 0 1921: 0 1922: 0 1923: 1 1924: 2 1925: 9 1926: 0 1927: 0 1928: 0 1929: 0 1930: 0 1931: 2 1932: 0 1933: 0 1934: 3 1935: 0 1936: 0 1937: 0 1938: 0 1939: 0 1940: 0 1941: 0 1942: 0 1943: 0 1944: 0 1945: 0 1946: 0 1947: 0 1948: 3 1949: 0 1950: 0 1951: 12 1952: 6 1953: 0 1954: 5 1955: 2 1956: 11 1957: 2 1958: 0 1959: 0 1960: 0 1961: 0 1962: 0 1963: 6 1964: 3 1965: 0 1966: 0 1967: 7 1968: 0 1969: 0 1970: 0 1971: 0 1972: 0 1973: 0 1974: 0 1975: 0 1976: 0 1977: 1 1978: 4 1979: 0 1980: 0 1981: 3 1982: 0 1983: 0 1984: 5 1985: 0 1986: 0 1987: 0 1988: 0 1989: 0 1990: 0 1991: 0 1992: 0 1993: 0 1994: 0 1995: 0 1996: 6 1997: 0 1998: 2 1999: 2 2000: 4 2001: 0 2002: 0 2003: 0 2004: 0 2005: 2 2006: 5 2007: 0 2008: 1 2009: 7 2010: 0 2011: 10 2012: 2 2013: 0 2014: 0 2015: 0 2016: 0 2017: 0 2018: 0 2019: 0 2020: 0 2021: 0 2022: 3 2023: 1 2024: 0 2025: 1 18951905191519251935194519551965197519851995200520152025
Months each year with a Palmer index of −3 or lower, 1895 to 2025. Twelve means the whole year.
  1. The Palmer Drought Severity Index is computed by NOAA each month from the county's average temperature and precipitation, relative to the county's own climate. Zero is normal; -3 or lower is severe drought and -4 or lower extreme drought. It describes the long-term balance of moisture, not water supply or crop losses.

NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, 1895 to September 2026, issued October 6, 2026.

Earthquakes

5 earthquakes of magnitude 2.5 or more within 50 miles since 1932; none reached magnitude 4.

0

Magnitude 2.5+ inside the county since 1973

2

Magnitude 3+ within 50 miles since 1973

0

Magnitude 4+ within 50 miles since 1900

0

Magnitude 5+ within 50 miles since 1900

Largest within 50 miles

April 9, 1932

Magnitude 3.9

8 km ENE of Mexia, Texas; 24.2 miles away.

Most recent, magnitude 3 or more

June 4, 2026

Magnitude 3.1

7 km NE of Marquez, Texas; 6.5 miles away.

  1. Earthquakes of magnitude 2.5 or more in the USGS Comprehensive Catalog since 1900. Within 50 miles means the epicentre lies within 50 miles of the county boundary (or inside the county).
  2. Small earthquakes were under-recorded before the modern seismic networks of the 1970s and are still missed in remote areas, so early decades read low. Magnitudes are as the catalogue reports them and mix scales (moment, local and body-wave).

USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog, 1900 to present, retrieved October 30, 2026.

Severe weather and other events

377 events in the National Weather Service record, 344 of them since 1996.

52

Hail reports, 1 inch or larger

6

Hail, 2 inches or larger

47

Damaging gusts, 58 mph+

20

Winter weather events since 1996

53

Heat events since 1996

7

Cold events since 1996

Largest hail

April 21, 1958

5.00 inches

Strongest measured or estimated gust

April 24, 1957

98 mph

More event types since 1996

Other Storm Events types since 1996
Lightning100May 14, 2006

Costliest events since 1996

  1. May 13, 2004Flash Flood$2.7 million
    National Weather Service narrative

    There were reports of flooding on Highway 6 and farm to market roads across the county. At 852 AM a high water rescue was in progress near Hearne, and high water rescues continued until at least 1000 AM. By 945 AM, widespread flooding was continuing with cars being washed off roads. 11-17 inches of rain fell across the county. Heavy agricultural losses occurred, including 107 farm dwellings and service buildings destroyed, 30 structures, such as dams and silos were destroyed, and 11,00 acres of crops flooded and destroyed.

  2. Feb 15, 2021Extreme Cold/Wind Chill, Robertson$490,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Extreme cold gripped the county for several days. Overnight lows were near or below 25 degrees Fahrenheit almost all week. The period of February 15-16th was the coldest with low temperatures in the single digits. The maximum temperature on the 15th was only in the teens. Wind chill values during the 14th-16th were between 10 to -10 degrees Fahrenheit most of the time. The cold temperatures resulted in an extreme amount of damage to pipes, infrastructure, and power.

  3. Apr 13, 2019Tornado$250,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    This tornado is a continuation of the tornado that began in Milam County. After crossing the Brazos River, the tornado moved east-northeastward, crossing US Highway 6 approximately 4.5 miles north of Hearne. EF-1 damage was identified at one structure near this highway crossing, and considerable tree damage consistent with EF-1 intensity tornadic winds were observed along the highway right of way. The tornado then proceeded east-northeastward towards Franklin. ||The most significant damage occurred in the city of Franklin. Within a two-block long corridor on the south side of Franklin, the team confirmed EF-3 intensity tornado damage at 2 residences. Peak wind speeds at these…

  4. Aug 16, 2011Wildfire, Robertson$100,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    A half acre grass fire near FM 979 in Calvert burned two abandoned houses.

  5. May 17, 2010Thunderstorm Wind$75,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Several large trees were blown down by thunderstorm gusts in the city of Hearne. Power was also out for most of the city.

  6. Feb 25, 1998Thunderstorm Wind$40,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Strong winds blew down large trees, power lines, and signs. A couple roofs were damaged.

  7. May 17, 2010Thunderstorm Wind$30,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Numerous trees were blown down in the city of Calvert.

  8. May 14, 2006Lightning$30,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Lightning struck and ignited several tanks of oil and gas early in the afternoon. Seven fire departments fought the fire for three hours before it was extinguished.

  9. Mar 14, 2022Hail$25,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    A social media report indicated golf ball sized hail near New Baden, TX.

  10. Apr 4, 1997Thunderstorm Wind$25,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    High wind removed the roof from a farm house.

  1. Storm Events records before 1996 cover only tornadoes, thunderstorm wind and hail. Damage figures are as reported by the National Weather Service at the time, not adjusted for inflation.

NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, 1950 to 2026, issued October 26, 2026.

Weather records

From College Station Easterwood Field, 28 miles from the county’s population centre, with records from 1951.

All-time high
112°F3 times, most recently Aug 27, 2023
All-time low
2°FDec 23, 1989
Warmest night
84°F2 times, most recently Aug 22, 2023
Coldest day
19°FJan 10, 1962
Wettest day
13.39 inOct 16, 1994
Snowiest day
3.0 inJan 10, 1973
Hottest year
2023mean 73.0°F
Coldest year
1979mean 65.3°F
Wettest year
196861.04 in
Driest year
198817.80 in
Snowiest season
8.0 in1972-73
Average monthly high and low temperature and precipitation, last 30 years, College Station Easterwood Field 32°F 62° 41° 2.8 Jan 66° 45° 2.3 Feb 73° 52° 3.0 Mar 80° 59° 3.0 Apr 87° 67° 4.6 May 93° 74° 3.3 Jun 96° 75° 2.2 Jul 97° 75° 3.0 Aug 92° 71° 3.0 Sep 83° 61° 4.1 Oct 72° 51° 3.1 Nov 64° 43° 3.1 Dec Precipitation, inches
Average daily high and low by month, and average monthly precipitation, over the last 30 years.
Days reaching 95°F per year 1976: 15 1977: 57 1978: 65 1979: 7 1980: 82 1981: 34 1982: 78 1983: 13 1984: 47 1985: 57 1986: 43 1987: 47 1988: 76 1989: 37 1990: 77 1991: 42 1992: 43 1993: 58 1994: 45 1995: 73 1996: 86 1997: 63 1998: 93 1999: 54 2000: 83 2001: 61 2002: 48 2003: 38 2004: 22 2005: 80 2006: 58 2007: 16 2008: 73 2009: 85 2010: 69 2011: 117 117 2012: 65 2013: 88 2014: 40 2015: 47 2016: 53 2017: 51 2018: 74 2019: 70 2020: 61 2021: 52 2022: 101 2023: 111 2024: 77 2025: 60 19761986199620062016
Days reaching 95°F each complete year, last 50 years. Thirty-year average: 66.5.
Snowfall by winter 1976: 0.0 in 1977: 0.0 in 1978: 0.0 in 1979: 0.0 in 1980: 0.0 in 1981: 0.0 in 1982: 0.0 in 1983: 0.0 in 1984: 2.4 in 2.4 1985: 0.0 in 1986: 0.0 in 1987: 0.0 in 1988: 0.0 in 1989: 0.0 in 1990: 0.0 in 1991: 0.0 in 1992: 0.0 in 1993: 0.3 in 1994: 0.6 in 1995: 0.4 in 2024: 0.0 in 2025: 0.0 in 197619862024
Total snowfall each winter (July to June), last 50 winters.

40 of 47 winters had no measurable snow.

Station College Station Easterwood Field (USW00003904), 315 ft elevation, 28.0 miles from the population centre. Daily records from 1951 to October 25, 2026; 99.8% of days in the last 30 years are complete. Records at a single station can differ from a city’s official threaded record, which may combine several stations.

NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily.

Federal disaster declarations

18 since 1953. The most recent: Hurricane Beryl, July 9, 2024.

Federal disaster declarations
Jul 9, 2024HurricaneHurricane BerylMajor disasterDR-4798-TX
May 17, 2024FloodSevere Storms, Straight-Line Winds, Tornadoes, and FloodingMajor disasterDR-4781-TX
Apr 21, 2023Winter StormSevere Winter StormMajor disasterDR-4705-TX
Feb 19, 2021Severe Ice StormSevere Winter StormsMajor disasterDR-4586-TX
Feb 14, 2021Severe Ice StormSevere Winter StormEmergencyEM-3554-TX
Mar 25, 2020BiologicalCovid-19 PandemicMajor disasterDR-4485-TX
Mar 13, 2020BiologicalCovid-19EmergencyEM-3458-TX
May 29, 2015Severe StormSevere Storms, Tornadoes, Straight-Line Winds and FloodingMajor disasterDR-4223-TX
Sep 13, 2008HurricaneHurricane IkeMajor disasterDR-1791-TX
Mar 14, 2008FireWildfiresEmergencyEM-3284-TX
Jan 11, 2006FireExtreme Wildfire ThreatMajor disasterDR-1624-TX
Sep 24, 2005HurricaneHurricane RitaMajor disasterDR-1606-TX
Sep 21, 2005HurricaneHurricane RitaEmergencyEM-3261-TX
Sep 2, 2005HurricaneHurricane Katrina EvacuationEmergencyEM-3216-TX
Sep 1, 1999FireExtreme Fire HazardsEmergencyEM-3142-TX
Aug 26, 1998Severe StormTropical Storm CharleyMajor disasterDR-1239-TX
Sep 10, 1993DroughtExtreme Fire HazardEmergencyEM-3113-TX
Dec 26, 1991FloodSevere ThunderstormsMajor disasterDR-930-TX

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries, retrieved October 30, 2026. Statewide declarations are not listed.

How this compares

Where Robertson County stands among 254 counties in Texas and 3,143 in the United States.

Ranks
Tornadoes since 195018197 / 2541,686 / 3,143
Tornadoes rated F3/EF3 or stronger359 / 254571 / 3,143
Tropical cyclones within 50 mi1466 / 254640 / 3,143
Hurricane-strength passes within 50 mi164 / 254579 / 3,143
Wildfire acres since 19840——
Flood insurance claims53115 / 2541,617 / 3,143
Flood insurance paid$1.5 million107 / 2541,315 / 3,143
Disaster declarations18155 / 2541,866 / 3,143
Flood events since 199644137 / 2541,593 / 3,143
Hail and wind events since 1996122203 / 2542,606 / 3,143
Winter storm events since 199620165 / 2542,639 / 3,143
Reported damage since 1996$4.1 million197 / 2542,483 / 3,143
River crests at major flood stage677 / 254771 / 3,143
High tide flooding days a year, last 10 years0.0——
Months in severe drought since 189520693 / 254269 / 3,143
Medium or heavy smoke days a year, last 10 years10.5135 / 2542,485 / 3,143
Earthquakes M4+ within 50 mi since 19000——
Earthquakes M2.5+ in the county since 19730——

Neighbouring counties

Neighbouring counties
Brazos County28160569
Burleson County2419063
Falls County19909
Leon County24144,3888
Limestone County3183,616291
Madison County1716026
Milam County2713015

Sources and vintage

Every number on this page comes from these public records.

  • Tornadoes NOAA Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, through 2025.
  • Tropical cyclones NOAA National Hurricane Center HURDAT2 (Atlantic; Northeast and Central Pacific), through 2025.
  • Wildfire USGS/USFS Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity, through 2026.
  • Storm events NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, through 2026.
  • Flood insurance OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026.
  • Declarations OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries v2, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Weather records NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily, station USW00003904.
  • River crests NOAA National Weather Service, National Water Prediction Service river gauges, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Drought NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, through September 2026.
  • Smoke NOAA NESDIS Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Earthquakes USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog (ComCat), retrieved October 30, 2026.

Joins, thresholds and known limits are set out in the methodology. Found an error? Report it. Page built October 30, 2026.