Shackelford County

Population 3,197 (2025) 914 sq mi

Large wildfires have burned 277,365 acres of Shackelford County since 1984, 8th most of 254 counties in Texas; the largest was the Big Country Fire Fire in 1988.

Hazard fingerprint for Shackelford County Tornado: 37th percentile. Tropical: 0th percentile. Wildfire: 96th percentile. Flood: 18th percentile. Hail & wind: 18th percentile. Heat: 0th percentile. Cold: 39th percentile. Winter: 29th percentile. TORTROPFIREFLOODSEVEREHEATCOLDWINTER

Hazard fingerprint Each spoke is this county’s percentile among U.S. counties where that hazard occurs. How it is computed

2026
  • Tornado damage paths since 195026
  • Tropical cyclone tracks within 100 miles since 1851, wider where stronger3
  • Wildfire burn scars since 198437

At a glance

The record for Shackelford County in eight numbers. Each links to its section below.

Acres burned since 1984

277,365

8th of 254 in Texas

37 large fires; the largest was Big Country Fire, 1988

Details

Tornadoes since 1950

26

160th of 254 in Texas

Fewer than the typical Texas county, which has had 35

Details

Flood insurance claims

23

136th of 254 in Texas

$114,000 paid since 1978

Details

Tropical cyclones within 100 mi

3

None within 50 miles since 1851

Details

Strongest tornado

F3

May 7, 1961, 3.6 mile path

Federal disaster declarations

18

Most recent: Severe Winter Storms, 2021

Details

Record high

115°F

June 27, 1972

Details

Record low

−8°F

January 4, 1947

Details

Tornadoes

About one every 2.9 years since 1950, 2 of them rated F3/EF3 or stronger.

Strongest

May 7, 1961

F3, 3.6 mile path

133 yards wide.

Most recent

Sunday, May 18, 2025

EF2, 0.8 mile path

Within the past year.

Tornadoes by decade Doppler radar era² 1950s: 0 1960s: 1 1 1970s: 0 1980s: 2 2 1990s: 8 8 2000s: 11 11 2010s: 2 2 2020s: 2 2 1950s1960s1970s1980s1990s2000s2010s2020s
Recorded tornadoes per decade. The 2020s are incomplete.
Tornadoes by month J: 0 F: 1 M: 3 A: 5 M: 16 16 J: 1 J: 0 A: 0 S: 0 O: 0 N: 0 D: 0 JFMAMJJASOND
By month of occurrence, all years.

Every recorded tornado

Tornadoes in Shackelford County since 1950
May 18, 2025EF20.815000
Mar 19, 2020EF25.413500
May 29, 2016EF01.75000
Apr 24, 2011EF00.15000
Apr 23, 2008EF00.15000
May 8, 2007EF06.55000
May 5, 2006F11.57500
Mar 4, 2004F00.12500
Mar 4, 2004F030.07500
May 15, 2003F11.015000
May 15, 2003F01.05000
May 15, 2003F21.580000
May 15, 2003F21.545000
May 15, 2003F12.015000
Apr 23, 2003F00.12000
Jun 12, 1998F00.13000
Apr 26, 1998F00.13000
Apr 26, 1998F00.13000
May 29, 1994F00.11000
May 29, 1994F00.11000
May 29, 1994F32.040000
May 29, 1994F02.010000
Feb 19, 1994F20.11000
May 4, 1989F10.21000
May 28, 1987F00.21000
May 7, 1961F33.613300
  1. Injuries and deaths are for the tornado’s whole path, which may extend beyond the county. Deaths recorded within Shackelford County: 0.
  2. Weak tornadoes were under-recorded before Doppler radar coverage became national in the early 1990s, so earlier decades read low. Ratings use the Fujita scale before February 2007 and the Enhanced Fujita scale after.

Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, 1950 to 2025.

Hurricanes and tropical storms

3 tropical cyclones passed within 100 miles since 1851, none within 50.

Most recent

September 12, 1961

Carla, Tropical storm

94.3 miles at closest approach.

Every storm within 100 miles

Tropical cyclones within 100 miles
Carla196194.3Tropical storm44Category 4
Unnamed190078.8Tropical storm53Category 4
Unnamed188670.8Tropical storm44Category 4
  1. Tropical storms and hurricanes (34 kt or more, still tropical) at closest approach. Post-tropical remnants with gale-force winds are listed but not counted. Direct: track within 50 miles; near: within 100 miles. Distance is measured to the county boundary for counties and to the city centre for cities, using positions interpolated hourly between HURDAT2 fixes.

National Hurricane Center HURDAT2, 1851 to 2025.

Wildfire and smoke

277,365 acres burned in 37 large fires since 1984, equal to 47% of the land.

Largest

March 12, 1988

Big Country Fire, 209,201 acres

178,136 acres inside Shackelford County.

Most recent

January 15, 2022

Mill Creek Fire

1,140 acres in total.

Acres burned since 1984, cumulative 1988: 178,1361993: 14,2421994: 3,1341996: 11,0711997: 2,1381998: 2,4031999: 3,3542003: 9,6962005: 1,8942008: 2,8622009: 13,9542011: 10,1962012: 2,5442015: 1,7902018: 6,4022020: 7,0042021: 5,4072022: 1,141 277,365 acres 198519901995200020052010201520202025
Running total of acres burned inside the county (line) and each year’s acres (bars).

Every large fire

Large wildfires since 1984
Mill Creek20221,1401,140
Buck20214,27718,658
Bent Twig20211,1291,131
Deep Creek20203,9433,940
Swager Creek20203,0603,056
Everett20182,2772,273
Newell20184,1244,122
Chimney Creek Two20151,7891,788
Bluff Creek20122,5442,544
Jeter Ii20114,3174,310
Snyder20111,1931,191
Unnamed20111,9751,975
Unnamed20112,7092,710
Davis Haynes20091,4491,448
Maclamore20091,0674,198
Black200910,18811,349
Nail Ranch Complex20091,2471,240
Black20081,8801,876
Unnamed20089811,065
Unnamed20051,8931,891
Johnson Ranch20039,6959,687
Unnamed19994461,399
Unnamed19992,9072,906
Unnamed19982,4022,401
Unnamed19972,1382,136
Unnamed19962,2522,249
Unnamed19961,2031,202
Unnamed19963,7513,753
Unnamed19963,8633,857
Unnamed19941,1881,189
Unnamed19941,9451,944
Unnamed19932,2692,270
Unnamed19931,7811,781
Unnamed19933,6483,644
Unnamed19933,4303,430
Unnamed19933,1123,110
Big Country Fire1988178,136209,201
  1. Large fires mapped by the Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity program since 1984: 1,000 acres or more in the West, 500 or more in the East. Prescribed burns are excluded. Acres here are the part of each perimeter inside this place.

Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity (USGS and U.S. Forest Service), 1984 to 2026.

Smoke overhead

Smokiest year

2021: 24 days

Heavy smoke on 6 days in 2021, the most of any year.

Last 10 years

9.9 days a year

Medium or heavy smoke, 2016 to 2025.

2025

3 days

Medium or heavy smoke. 7 so far in 2026.

Days with medium or heavy smoke overhead, by year 2011: 18 2012: 13 2013: 6 2014: 1 2015: 5 2016: 0 2017: 7 2018: 2 2019: 4 2020: 16 2021: 24 24 2022: 17 2023: 18 2024: 8 2025: 3 201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022202320242025
Days each year on which a satellite-traced plume of medium or heavy smoke covered the county’s population centre, 2011 to 2025.
  1. A smoke day is a date on which a smoke plume traced by NOAA Hazard Mapping System analysts from satellite imagery covered this place's point (the county's population centre or the city centre). Counts here are of medium or heavy smoke. Since 2018 analysts have often drawn light smoke as one area over most of the continent, so light-smoke counts are not comparable from year to year. The plumes show smoke anywhere in the air above, not air quality at the ground, and smoke hidden by cloud is missed.

NOAA Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, 2011 to 2026, retrieved October 30, 2026.

Floods and flood insurance

23 federal flood insurance claims since 1978, with $114,000 paid.

Federal flood insurance claims by year 2002: 9 9 2002
Claims per year since 1978. Years with fewer than five claims are not shown.

Most claims in one year

2002: 9 claims

$91,000 paid.

Claims by ZIP code

Flood insurance claims by ZIP code
7643021$111,000

Flood events since 1996

  • Flash Flood10
  • Flood4
  • Heavy Rain1

1 death recorded in flood events since 1996.

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026. NOAA Storm Events through 2026.

River crests

Most severe crest

August 4, 1978

Hubbard Creek below Albany, 41.41 ft

6.41 feet above the 35.0 ft flood stage; moderate flooding by today’s categories.

Most recent moderate or major crest

August 4, 1978

Hubbard Creek below Albany, 41.41 ft

Moderate flooding.

Highest river crests above flood stage
Aug 4, 1978Hubbard Creek below Albany41.41+6.41Moderate
Oct 21, 2018Clear Fork Brazos River near Fort Griffin38.88+3.88Minor
Oct 15, 2018Clear Fork Brazos River near Fort Griffin36.24+1.24Minor
May 31, 2015Clear Fork Brazos River near Fort Griffin36.24+1.24Minor
Jun 5, 2016Clear Fork Brazos River near Fort Griffin33.32−1.68Action
May 15, 2016Clear Fork Brazos River near Fort Griffin33.16−1.84Action
Oct 13, 1981Hubbard Creek below Albany33.05−1.95Action
Jun 1, 2016Clear Fork Brazos River near Fort Griffin32.64−2.36Action
May 2, 1990Hubbard Creek below Albany30.69−4.31Below flood stage
Sep 15, 1996Hubbard Creek below Albany29.87−5.13Below flood stage
Apr 25, 2002Hubbard Creek below Albany27.42−7.58Below flood stage
Sep 18, 1974Hubbard Creek below Albany27.01−7.99Below flood stage
May 5, 1969Hubbard Creek below Albany26.44−8.56Below flood stage
May 13, 1985Hubbard Creek below Albany24.30−10.70Below flood stage
Jun 21, 1974Hubbard Creek below Albany23.20−11.80Below flood stage

River gauges

River gauges and their highest listed crests
Clear Fork Brazos River near Fort Griffin35.038.88 ftOct 21, 20180
Hubbard Creek below Albany35.041.41 ftAug 4, 19780
  1. Crests are the highest and the recent crests the National Weather Service lists for each river gauge in the county that has a flood stage, not every flood. Flood categories use each gauge's current flood stages; crests from before levees, dams or channel changes may not be comparable. Crests measured on an old datum are left out of the rankings.

NOAA National Water Prediction Service gauge records, retrieved October 30, 2026.

Drought

In severe drought or worse for 225 of 1,581 months since 1895 (14%); the longest spell lasted 28 months.

225

Months in severe drought or worse since 1895

73

Months in extreme drought

14%

Share of all months, severe or worse

85

Drought reports to the Weather Service since 1996

Lowest reading

September 1956

−6.51, extreme drought

Longest severe spell

28 months

April 1951 to July 1953.

Latest month

September 2026

−4.03, extreme drought

Months in severe drought or worse, by year 1895: 0 1896: 1 1897: 0 1898: 0 1899: 0 1900: 0 1901: 0 1902: 9 1903: 0 1904: 8 1905: 1 1906: 0 1907: 0 1908: 0 1909: 1 1910: 7 1911: 6 1912: 0 1913: 0 1914: 0 1915: 0 1916: 0 1917: 7 1918: 9 1919: 0 1920: 0 1921: 2 1922: 2 1923: 0 1924: 0 1925: 3 1926: 1 1927: 0 1928: 0 1929: 2 1930: 8 1931: 0 1932: 0 1933: 0 1934: 5 1935: 3 1936: 0 1937: 0 1938: 0 1939: 4 1940: 1 1941: 0 1942: 0 1943: 0 1944: 0 1945: 0 1946: 0 1947: 0 1948: 2 1949: 0 1950: 0 1951: 9 1952: 12 12 1953: 7 1954: 6 1955: 5 1956: 12 1957: 1 1958: 0 1959: 0 1960: 0 1961: 0 1962: 0 1963: 0 1964: 0 1965: 0 1966: 0 1967: 5 1968: 0 1969: 0 1970: 0 1971: 7 1972: 0 1973: 0 1974: 3 1975: 0 1976: 0 1977: 0 1978: 3 1979: 0 1980: 0 1981: 0 1982: 0 1983: 0 1984: 5 1985: 0 1986: 0 1987: 0 1988: 0 1989: 0 1990: 0 1991: 0 1992: 0 1993: 0 1994: 0 1995: 0 1996: 0 1997: 0 1998: 4 1999: 2 2000: 9 2001: 0 2002: 0 2003: 0 2004: 0 2005: 0 2006: 7 2007: 1 2008: 0 2009: 2 2010: 0 2011: 9 2012: 5 2013: 8 2014: 8 2015: 0 2016: 0 2017: 0 2018: 0 2019: 0 2020: 0 2021: 0 2022: 8 2023: 3 2024: 0 2025: 0 18951905191519251935194519551965197519851995200520152025
Months each year with a Palmer index of −3 or lower, 1895 to 2025. Twelve means the whole year.
  1. The Palmer Drought Severity Index is computed by NOAA each month from the county's average temperature and precipitation, relative to the county's own climate. Zero is normal; -3 or lower is severe drought and -4 or lower extreme drought. It describes the long-term balance of moisture, not water supply or crop losses.

NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, 1895 to September 2026, issued October 6, 2026.

Earthquakes

1 earthquake of magnitude 2.5 or more within 50 miles since 2024; none reached magnitude 4.

0

Magnitude 2.5+ inside the county since 1973

0

Magnitude 3+ within 50 miles since 1973

0

Magnitude 4+ within 50 miles since 1900

0

Magnitude 5+ within 50 miles since 1900

Largest within 50 miles

March 5, 2024

Magnitude 2.7

13 km ESE of Olney, Texas; 36.0 miles away, 2.5 miles deep.

  1. Earthquakes of magnitude 2.5 or more in the USGS Comprehensive Catalog since 1900. Within 50 miles means the epicentre lies within 50 miles of the county boundary (or inside the county).
  2. Small earthquakes were under-recorded before the modern seismic networks of the 1970s and are still missed in remote areas, so early decades read low. Magnitudes are as the catalogue reports them and mix scales (moment, local and body-wave).

USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog, 1900 to present, retrieved October 30, 2026.

Severe weather and other events

409 events in the National Weather Service record, 348 of them since 1996.

113

Hail reports, 1 inch or larger

22

Hail, 2 inches or larger

55

Damaging gusts, 58 mph+

41

Winter weather events since 1996

0

Heat events since 1996

7

Cold events since 1996

Largest hail

April 26, 2015

4.50 inches

Strongest measured or estimated gust

April 1, 2024

96 mph

More event types since 1996

Other Storm Events types since 1996
Dust storms and dust devils100Feb 24, 2007

Costliest events since 1996

  1. Apr 25, 2002Flash Flood$3.0 million
    National Weather Service narrative

    Storms remained nearly stationary producing 8 to 12 inches of rain in and around the Albany area. The deluge produced significant flooding in Albany. The hardest hit areas were on the north and west parts of town. The North Hubbard Creek and Gourd Creek came out of their banks. More than 100 homes were damaged or destroyed due to the flood.

  2. Apr 23, 2004Hail$800,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Large hail damaged roofs and cars in Albany.

  3. Apr 30, 2004Hail$400,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Albany was hit again by another hail storm that produced significant damage to homes and businesses. Windows were broken all through the town.

  4. Apr 30, 2004Hail$100,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    This severe weather episode was similar to the one the week before, where there was a strong upper level system in combination with a southward moving canadian cold front and eastward moving dryline. The combination of these features resulted in severe thunderstorms over portions of the Big Country and Heartland. The hardest hit area was Albany where very large hail fell for several minutes resulting in damage to property.

  5. Sep 23, 1996Thunderstorm Wind$100,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Power lines and a few trees were blown down.

  6. Sep 15, 1996Flash Flood$100,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Up to ten inches of rain fell in southeastern Shackelford County overnight September 14th and 15th.

  7. Mar 4, 2004Tornado$100,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    This is the same tornado that formed near Clyde and crossed over the county line and went into Shackelford County.

  8. Feb 14, 2021Cold/Wind Chill, Shackelford$70,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Wind chill temperatures ranged from -10 to -17 degrees. During this time, there was one period of extreme wind chill temperatures. The extended cold weather damaged the public utility systems.

  9. Aug 11, 1996Thunderstorm Wind$50,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Winds overturned a cattle trailer and cattle were loose on the road. An oncoming vehicle struck the cattle resulting in injuries.

  10. Mar 4, 2004Tornado$50,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    This was a brief tornado that produced some damage to a home.

  1. Storm Events records before 1996 cover only tornadoes, thunderstorm wind and hail. Damage figures are as reported by the National Weather Service at the time, not adjusted for inflation.

NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, 1950 to 2026, issued October 26, 2026.

Weather records

From Albany, 1 miles from the county’s population centre, with records from 1901.

All-time high
115°FJun 27, 1972
All-time low
−8°FJan 4, 1947
Warmest night
88°FJun 28, 1907
Coldest day
12°F3 times, most recently Jan 25, 2026
Wettest day
29.05 inAug 4, 1978
Snowiest day
12.0 inJan 27, 1895
Hottest year
1921mean 68.2°F
Coldest year
1914mean 59.3°F
Wettest year
194146.47 in
Driest year
195611.07 in
Snowiest season
13.2 in1946-47
Average monthly high and low temperature and precipitation, last 30 years, Albany 32°F 57° 31° 1.0 Jan 61° 34° 1.5 Feb 70° 43° 2.2 Mar 78° 50° 2.6 Apr 85° 60° 3.5 May 92° 68° 3.6 Jun 96° 71° 2.3 Jul 97° 71° 1.7 Aug 90° 64° 2.6 Sep 80° 53° 2.7 Oct 68° 42° 2.0 Nov 60° 34° 1.0 Dec Precipitation, inches
Average daily high and low by month, and average monthly precipitation, over the last 30 years.
Days reaching 95°F per year 1979: 52 1980: 91 1982: 54 1988: 40 1989: 41 1990: 56 1991: 26 1992: 17 1993: 61 1994: 57 1995: 37 1996: 53 1997: 46 2000: 101 101 2001: 75 2002: 31 2003: 64 2004: 38 2005: 53 2006: 82 2009: 65 2010: 49 2013: 57 2014: 55 2015: 36 2016: 42 2017: 47 2018: 76 2019: 43 2020: 67 2021: 31 2022: 99 2023: 90 2024: 83 2025: 52 1979199520092021
Days reaching 95°F each complete year, last 50 years. Thirty-year average: 59.8.
Snowfall by winter 1979: 5.0 in 1980: 4.0 in 1981: 1.0 in 1986: 3.0 in 1987: 5.5 in 1988: 7.3 in 1989: 0.0 in 1990: 0.0 in 1991: 3.0 in 1992: 0.0 in 1993: 6.0 in 1994: 5.0 in 1995: 0.0 in 1996: 0.2 in 1999: 0.0 in 2000: 4.2 in 2001: 4.0 in 2002: 1.0 in 2003: 1.0 in 2004: 6.2 in 2005: 0.0 in 2006: 6.3 in 2008: 0.1 in 2009: 7.9 in 2012: 0.0 in 2013: 0.8 in 2014: 2.1 in 2015: 2.0 in 2016: 0.0 in 2017: 0.4 in 2018: 0.0 in 2019: 5.3 in 2020: 11.5 in 11.5 2021: 1.5 in 2022: 0.0 in 2023: 0.0 in 2024: 3.0 in 2025: 0.8 in 1979199320052018
Total snowfall each winter (July to June), last 50 winters.

Median first snow

January 11

Earliest: November 2, 1951

Median last snow

February 6

Latest: April 8, 1938

31 of 104 winters had no measurable snow.

Station Albany (USC00410120), 1,448 ft elevation, 1.0 miles from the population centre. Daily records from 1901 to October 23, 2026; 94.1% of days in the last 30 years are complete. Records at a single station can differ from a city’s official threaded record, which may combine several stations.

NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily.

Federal disaster declarations

18 since 1953. The most recent: Severe Winter Storms, February 19, 2021.

Federal disaster declarations
Feb 19, 2021Severe Ice StormSevere Winter StormsMajor disasterDR-4586-TX
Feb 14, 2021Severe Ice StormSevere Winter StormEmergencyEM-3554-TX
Mar 25, 2020BiologicalCovid-19 PandemicMajor disasterDR-4485-TX
Mar 13, 2020BiologicalCovid-19EmergencyEM-3458-TX
Feb 9, 2016Severe StormSevere Winter Storms, Tornadoes, Straight-Line Winds, and FloodingMajor disasterDR-4255-TX
Jul 1, 2011FireWildfiresMajor disasterDR-1999-TX
Jun 3, 2011FireSnyder FireFire managementFM-2916-TX
Mar 14, 2008FireWildfiresEmergencyEM-3284-TX
Jun 29, 2007Severe StormSevere Storms, Tornadoes, and FloodingMajor disasterDR-1709-TX
Jan 11, 2006FireExtreme Wildfire ThreatMajor disasterDR-1624-TX
Sep 24, 2005HurricaneHurricane RitaMajor disasterDR-1606-TX
Sep 21, 2005HurricaneHurricane RitaEmergencyEM-3261-TX
Sep 2, 2005HurricaneHurricane Katrina EvacuationEmergencyEM-3216-TX
Sep 1, 1999FireExtreme Fire HazardsEmergencyEM-3142-TX
Aug 26, 1998Severe StormTropical Storm CharleyMajor disasterDR-1239-TX
Sep 10, 1993DroughtExtreme Fire HazardEmergencyEM-3113-TX
May 2, 1990Severe StormSevere Storms, Tornadoes & FloodingMajor disasterDR-863-TX
Aug 3, 1978FloodSevere Storms & FloodingMajor disasterDR-561-TX

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries, retrieved October 30, 2026. Statewide declarations are not listed.

How this compares

Where Shackelford County stands among 254 counties in Texas and 3,143 in the United States.

Ranks
Tornadoes since 195026160 / 2541,204 / 3,143
Tornadoes rated F3/EF3 or stronger283 / 254866 / 3,143
Tropical cyclones within 50 mi0——
Hurricane-strength passes within 50 mi0——
Wildfire acres since 1984277,3658 / 254164 / 3,143
Flood insurance claims23136 / 2542,021 / 3,143
Flood insurance paid$114,000164 / 2542,324 / 3,143
Disaster declarations18155 / 2541,866 / 3,143
Flood events since 199615231 / 2542,715 / 3,143
Hail and wind events since 1996172162 / 2542,197 / 3,143
Winter storm events since 19964168 / 2542,179 / 3,143
Reported damage since 1996$4.9 million186 / 2542,393 / 3,143
River crests at major flood stage0——
High tide flooding days a year, last 10 years0.0——
Months in severe drought since 189522554 / 254173 / 3,143
Medium or heavy smoke days a year, last 10 years9.9151 / 2542,606 / 3,143
Earthquakes M4+ within 50 mi since 19000——
Earthquakes M2.5+ in the county since 19730——

Neighbouring counties

Neighbouring counties
Callahan County48047,0276
Eastland County581104,582171
Haskell County60025,946176
Jones County8805,040119
Stephens County22164,93968
Throckmorton County42087,3243

Sources and vintage

Every number on this page comes from these public records.

  • Tornadoes NOAA Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, through 2025.
  • Tropical cyclones NOAA National Hurricane Center HURDAT2 (Atlantic; Northeast and Central Pacific), through 2025.
  • Wildfire USGS/USFS Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity, through 2026.
  • Storm events NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, through 2026.
  • Flood insurance OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026.
  • Declarations OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries v2, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Weather records NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily, station USC00410120.
  • River crests NOAA National Weather Service, National Water Prediction Service river gauges, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Drought NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, through September 2026.
  • Smoke NOAA NESDIS Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Earthquakes USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog (ComCat), retrieved October 30, 2026.

Joins, thresholds and known limits are set out in the methodology. Found an error? Report it. Page built October 30, 2026.