Greene County

Population 21,958 (2025) 156 sq mi

Property owners in Greene County have filed 28 federal flood insurance claims since 1978, 94th most of 133 counties in Virginia.

Hazard fingerprint for Greene County Tornado: 41th percentile. Tropical: 49th percentile. Wildfire: 0th percentile. Flood: 98th percentile. Hail & wind: 91th percentile. Heat: 80th percentile. Cold: 97th percentile. Winter: 93th percentile. TORTROPFIREFLOODSEVEREHEATCOLDWINTER

Hazard fingerprint Each spoke is this county’s percentile among U.S. counties where that hazard occurs. How it is computed

2026
  • Tornado damage paths since 19505
  • Tropical cyclone tracks within 100 miles since 1851, wider where stronger22

At a glance

The record for Greene County in eight numbers. Each links to its section below.

Flood insurance claims

28

94th of 133 in Virginia

$231,000 paid since 1979

Details

Tropical cyclones within 50 mi

10

91st of 133 in Virginia

1 at hurricane strength since 1851

Details

Tornadoes since 1950

5

66th of 133 in Virginia

About as many as the typical Virginia county

Details

Strongest tornado

F3

September 30, 1959, 2.0 mile path

Strongest tropical cyclone

Cat. 1

Hurricane (unnamed), 1893, 12.3 miles away

Largest earthquake within 50 mi

5.8magnitude

August 23, 2011, 30.2 miles away

Details

Federal disaster declarations

26

Most recent: Severe Winter Storm, 2026

Details

Record high

106°F

July 8, 2012

Details

Tornadoes

About one every 15 years since 1950, 2 of them rated F3/EF3 or stronger.

Strongest

September 30, 1959

F3, 2.0 mile path

100 yards wide; 1 killed along the whole path.

Most recent

Friday, September 17, 2004

F2, 5.0 mile path

22 years ago.

Tornadoes by decade Doppler radar era² 1950s: 1 1 1960s: 0 1970s: 0 1980s: 1 1 1990s: 1 1 2000s: 2 2 2010s: 0 2020s: 0 1950s1960s1970s1980s1990s2000s2010s2020s
Recorded tornadoes per decade. The 2020s are incomplete.
Tornadoes by month J: 0 F: 0 M: 0 A: 0 M: 1 J: 0 J: 1 A: 0 S: 2 2 O: 0 N: 1 D: 0 JFMAMJJASOND
By month of occurrence, all years.

Every recorded tornado

Tornadoes in Greene County since 1950
Sep 17, 2004F25.010030
May 19, 2000F111.05000
Nov 22, 1992F13.03300
Jul 25, 1985F30.210000
Sep 30, 1959F32.010091
  1. Injuries and deaths are for the tornado’s whole path, which may extend beyond the county. Deaths recorded within Greene County: 1.
  2. Weak tornadoes were under-recorded before Doppler radar coverage became national in the early 1990s, so earlier decades read low. Ratings use the Fujita scale before February 2007 and the Enhanced Fujita scale after.

Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, 1950 to 2025.

Hurricanes and tropical storms

10 passed within 50 miles since 1851; 1 at hurricane strength.

Strongest within 50 miles

October 13, 1893

Unnamed storm, Category 1

12.3 miles at closest approach, winds near 78 mph.

Most recent

October 29, 2020

Zeta, Post-tropical

28.1 miles at closest approach.

Tropical cyclones within 50 miles by decade 50s: 0 60s: 0 70s: 1 80s: 0 90s: 3 3 00s: 0 10s: 1 20s: 0 30s: 0 40s: 1 50s: 2 60s: 0 70s: 1 80s: 0 90s: 0 00s: 1 10s: 0 20s: 0 50s60s70s80s90s00s10s20s30s40s50s60s70s80s90s00s10s20s
Storms within 50 miles, by decade. Records before about 1900 miss storms that never reached land or ships.

Every storm within 100 miles

Tropical cyclones within 100 miles
Zeta202028.1Post-tropical52Category 3
Isaias202090.2Tropical storm69Category 1
Hanna200892.4Tropical storm52Category 1
Ernesto200686.2Post-tropical46Category 1
Isabel20032.1Tropical storm60Category 5
David197920.1Tropical storm46Category 5
Diane19550.0Tropical storm48Category 2
Hazel195431.6Post-tropical86Category 4
Able19521.4Tropical storm53Category 2
Unnamed19494.6Tropical storm58Category 4
Unnamed194553.9Post-tropical43Category 4
Unnamed194458.3Tropical storm40Category 1
Unnamed194392.8Tropical storm52Tropical storm
Unnamed193427.2Post-tropical46Category 2
Unnamed193365.1Tropical storm66Category 4
Unnamed192962.6Post-tropical58Category 4
Unnamed192838.3Post-tropical55Category 5
Unnamed192864.9Post-tropical43Category 2
Unnamed19155.1Tropical storm46Category 1
Unnamed190245.1Post-tropical40Category 2
Unnamed190294.1Post-tropical46Tropical storm
Unnamed189963.5Tropical storm59Category 2
Unnamed18965.1Tropical storm72Category 3
Unnamed189392.3Tropical storm43Tropical storm
Unnamed189312.3Category 178Category 3
Unnamed18935.0Tropical storm64Category 3
Unnamed188887.1Tropical storm40Tropical storm
Unnamed18856.9Post-tropical46Tropical storm
Unnamed188290.0Tropical storm48Category 3
Unnamed187862.0Category 194Category 2
Unnamed187848.0Tropical storm58Category 2
Unnamed187797.3Post-tropical60Category 3
Unnamed187652.6Tropical storm67Category 3
Unnamed185994.6Tropical storm58Category 1
  1. Tropical storms and hurricanes (34 kt or more, still tropical) at closest approach. Post-tropical remnants with gale-force winds are listed but not counted. Direct: track within 50 miles; near: within 100 miles. Distance is measured to the county boundary for counties and to the city centre for cities, using positions interpolated hourly between HURDAT2 fixes.

National Hurricane Center HURDAT2, 1851 to 2025.

Wildfire and smoke

No large wildfire has been mapped here since satellite mapping began in 1984.

Smoke overhead

Smokiest year

2023: 49 days

Heavy smoke on 13 days in 2023, the most of any year.

Last 10 years

11.5 days a year

Medium or heavy smoke, 2016 to 2025.

2025

12 days

Medium or heavy smoke. 29 so far in 2026.

Days with medium or heavy smoke overhead, by year 2011: 0 2012: 4 2013: 0 2014: 2 2015: 5 2016: 0 2017: 1 2018: 3 2019: 2 2020: 7 2021: 23 2022: 9 2023: 49 49 2024: 9 2025: 12 201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022202320242025
Days each year on which a satellite-traced plume of medium or heavy smoke covered the county’s population centre, 2011 to 2025.
  1. A smoke day is a date on which a smoke plume traced by NOAA Hazard Mapping System analysts from satellite imagery covered this place's point (the county's population centre or the city centre). Counts here are of medium or heavy smoke. Since 2018 analysts have often drawn light smoke as one area over most of the continent, so light-smoke counts are not comparable from year to year. The plumes show smoke anywhere in the air above, not air quality at the ground, and smoke hidden by cloud is missed.

NOAA Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, 2011 to 2026, retrieved October 30, 2026.

Floods and flood insurance

28 federal flood insurance claims since 1979, with $231,000 paid.

Federal flood insurance claims by year 1995: 6 2018: 7 7 1995
Claims per year since 1979. Years with fewer than five claims are not shown.

Most claims in one year

2018: 7 claims

$69,000 paid.

2nd most

1995: 6 claims

$25,000 paid.

Claims by ZIP code

Flood insurance claims by ZIP code
2297318$98,000
229689$133,000

Flood events since 1996

  • Flood72
  • Flash Flood67
  • Heavy Rain6

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026. NOAA Storm Events through 2026.

River crests

The National Weather Service sets flood stages for 2 gauges here but lists no crests for them.

River gauges

River gauges and their highest listed crests
Conway River At Kinderhook Road8.0——0
South River AT McMullen Mill7.0——0
  1. Crests are the highest and the recent crests the National Weather Service lists for each river gauge in the county that has a flood stage, not every flood. Flood categories use each gauge's current flood stages; crests from before levees, dams or channel changes may not be comparable. Crests measured on an old datum are left out of the rankings.

NOAA National Water Prediction Service gauge records, retrieved October 30, 2026.

Drought

In severe drought or worse for 80 of 1,581 months since 1895 (5%); the longest spell lasted 11 months.

80

Months in severe drought or worse since 1895

14

Months in extreme drought

5%

Share of all months, severe or worse

9

Drought reports to the Weather Service since 1996

Lowest reading

January 1931

−5.60, extreme drought

Longest severe spell

11 months

July 1930 to May 1931.

Latest month

September 2026

−2.58, moderate drought

Last severe month: July 2026.

Months in severe drought or worse, by year 1895: 0 1896: 0 1897: 0 1898: 0 1899: 0 1900: 0 1901: 0 1902: 0 1903: 0 1904: 0 1905: 0 1906: 0 1907: 0 1908: 0 1909: 0 1910: 0 1911: 0 1912: 0 1913: 0 1914: 0 1915: 0 1916: 0 1917: 0 1918: 0 1919: 0 1920: 0 1921: 0 1922: 0 1923: 0 1924: 0 1925: 3 1926: 0 1927: 0 1928: 0 1929: 0 1930: 6 1931: 5 1932: 0 1933: 0 1934: 0 1935: 0 1936: 0 1937: 0 1938: 0 1939: 0 1940: 0 1941: 3 1942: 3 1943: 0 1944: 0 1945: 0 1946: 0 1947: 0 1948: 0 1949: 0 1950: 0 1951: 0 1952: 0 1953: 2 1954: 5 1955: 0 1956: 0 1957: 0 1958: 0 1959: 0 1960: 0 1961: 0 1962: 0 1963: 4 1964: 2 1965: 2 1966: 5 1967: 0 1968: 0 1969: 0 1970: 0 1971: 0 1972: 0 1973: 0 1974: 0 1975: 0 1976: 0 1977: 4 1978: 0 1979: 0 1980: 1 1981: 6 1982: 0 1983: 0 1984: 0 1985: 0 1986: 1 1987: 0 1988: 0 1989: 0 1990: 0 1991: 0 1992: 0 1993: 0 1994: 0 1995: 0 1996: 0 1997: 0 1998: 2 1999: 3 2000: 0 2001: 0 2002: 9 9 2003: 0 2004: 0 2005: 0 2006: 0 2007: 1 2008: 3 2009: 0 2010: 1 2011: 0 2012: 0 2013: 0 2014: 0 2015: 0 2016: 0 2017: 4 2018: 1 2019: 0 2020: 0 2021: 0 2022: 0 2023: 0 2024: 0 2025: 0 18951905191519251935194519551965197519851995200520152025
Months each year with a Palmer index of −3 or lower, 1895 to 2025. Twelve means the whole year.
  1. The Palmer Drought Severity Index is computed by NOAA each month from the county's average temperature and precipitation, relative to the county's own climate. Zero is normal; -3 or lower is severe drought and -4 or lower extreme drought. It describes the long-term balance of moisture, not water supply or crop losses.

NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, 1895 to September 2026, issued October 6, 2026.

Earthquakes

7 earthquakes of magnitude 4 or more within 50 miles since 1900; the largest was magnitude 5.8 in 2011.

0

Magnitude 2.5+ inside the county since 1973

16

Magnitude 3+ within 50 miles since 1973

7

Magnitude 4+ within 50 miles since 1900

1

Magnitude 5+ within 50 miles since 1900

Largest within 50 miles

August 23, 2011

Magnitude 5.8

11 km SSW of Mineral, Virginia; 30.2 miles away, 3.7 miles deep.

Most recent, magnitude 3 or more

May 21, 2014

Magnitude 3.1

15 km ENE of Cumberland, Virginia; 48.1 miles away.

Earthquakes of magnitude 3 or more within 50 miles, by year 1973: 0 1974: 0 1975: 0 1976: 0 1977: 0 1978: 0 1979: 0 1980: 0 1981: 2 1982: 0 1983: 0 1984: 1 1985: 0 1986: 0 1987: 0 1988: 0 1989: 0 1990: 0 1991: 1 1992: 0 1993: 0 1994: 0 1995: 0 1996: 0 1997: 0 1998: 0 1999: 0 2000: 0 2001: 1 2002: 0 2003: 2 2004: 0 2005: 0 2006: 0 2007: 0 2008: 0 2009: 0 2010: 0 2011: 6 6 2012: 2 2013: 0 2014: 1 2015: 0 2016: 0 2017: 0 2018: 0 2019: 0 2020: 0 2021: 0 2022: 0 2023: 0 2024: 0 2025: 0 19731978198319881993199820032008201320182023
Per year, 1973 to 2025.

Every earthquake of magnitude 4 or more within 50 miles

Earthquakes of magnitude 4 or more within 50 miles
Aug 25, 20114.527.34.28 km SW of Mineral, Virginia
Aug 23, 20114.229.20.011 km SSW of Mineral, Virginia
Aug 23, 20115.830.23.711 km SSW of Mineral, Virginia
Dec 9, 20034.531.96.25 km ENE of Columbia, Virginia
Aug 17, 19844.221.75.35 km WNW of Palmyra, Virginia
Apr 9, 19184.615.8—6 km NE of Luray, Virginia
Feb 11, 19074.033.7—Near Arvonia, Virginia
  1. Earthquakes of magnitude 2.5 or more in the USGS Comprehensive Catalog since 1900. Within 50 miles means the epicentre lies within 50 miles of the county boundary (or inside the county).
  2. Small earthquakes were under-recorded before the modern seismic networks of the 1970s and are still missed in remote areas, so early decades read low. Magnitudes are as the catalogue reports them and mix scales (moment, local and body-wave).

USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog, 1900 to present, retrieved October 30, 2026.

Severe weather and other events

798 events in the National Weather Service record, 786 of them since 1996.

17

Hail reports, 1 inch or larger

3

Hail, 2 inches or larger

97

Damaging gusts, 58 mph+

267

Winter weather events since 1996

38

Heat events since 1996

93

Cold events since 1996

Largest hail

June 16, 2008

3.75 inches

Strongest measured or estimated gust

June 29, 2012

76 mph

More event types since 1996

Other Storm Events types since 1996
Lightning100Apr 18, 2002
Dense fog and smoke7500May 17, 2021

Costliest events since 1996

  1. May 31, 2018Flash Flood$4.1 million
    National Weather Service narrative

    At least five mudslides were reported in the Swift Run Gap area in Greene County. The slopes gave way, forcing the closure of US Route 33.

  2. Sep 17, 2004Tornado$3.0 million
    National Weather Service narrative

    A tornadic thunderstorm touched down near Standardsville. A roof was torn off a building just south of U.S. Highway 33. The roof was also torn off a house just north of U.S. Highway 33. The most extensive damage occurred around Highway 621. Four dwellings and a mobile home were destroyed. Approximately 50 other structures were damaged, including a nearby country club and a concrete block building. A trailer filled with cattle gates was also destroyed.

  3. Jun 16, 2008Hail$1.0 million
    National Weather Service narrative

    Trained spotters and broadcast media reported a significant hail storm across Greene County. Hail ranging from golf ball to baseball-sized was reported in Stanardsville, Quince and Ruckersville. Several vehicles were damages. Nearly 30 horse trailers were destroyed at two companies. Some reported baseball-sized holes in roofs of homes and businesses. The storm left several inches of hail on the ground and snowplows were called to clear the roadways. Several crops were severely damaged to destroyed.

  4. May 30, 2018Flash Flood$677,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    The southbound lane of Dyke Road in the 10000 block was washed out with a sinkhole reported.

  5. Sep 18, 2003High Wind, Greene$500,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    By 9 pm on September 18, a rain band associated with Isabel had set up over the Shenandoah Valley and showers were training southward into the Blue Ridge Mountains on the east side of Augusta County. The rain gauge located at Upper Sherando had recorded over 6 inches of rain and more was to come. County officials quickly began evacuations of homes downstream. In all 350 people in the South River area would be evacuated and 21 of those ended up being by boat. Water flowed down the Black Creek at 60 mph washing out the bridge and several hundred feet of asphalt along Route 608. Four spillways to dams flooded causing damage but none of them failed. There was $125,000 damage to the…

  6. Sep 6, 1996Flood, Greene$200,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    The rapid runoff produced by the heavy rains from Fran caused substantial, damaging, and in some cases record river flooding across much of the northern Virginia watershed from late on the 6th until early on the 10th. Flash flooding on the 6th rapidly became river flooding late on the 6th along the headwaters of the Potomac, Shenandoah, and Rappahannock River basins, and continued throughout the basins over the weekend and into early the following week. Crests at gaging points in these basins were similar to those in January 1996 across the Lower Main Stem of the Potomac. Levels were 1 to 5 feet higher across the Upper Main Stem Potomac and Rappahannock Rivers. The Shenandoah…

  7. Jun 27, 2006Flash Flood$100,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Saturated grounds due to heavy rains brought down trees countywide. Streams and rivers lifted out of their banks and flooded several roads.

  8. Jan 14, 2006High Wind, Greene$60,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Numerous trees and powerlines down countywide.

  9. Sep 6, 1996Flash Flood$50,000
  10. Aug 12, 2001Thunderstorm Wind$30,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    A shed, car, home, and several trees were damaged.

  1. Storm Events records before 1996 cover only tornadoes, thunderstorm wind and hail. Damage figures are as reported by the National Weather Service at the time, not adjusted for inflation.

NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, 1950 to 2026, issued October 26, 2026.

Weather records

From Charlottesville Albemarle Airport, 8 miles from the county’s population centre, with records from 1955.

All-time high
106°FJul 8, 2012
All-time low
−6°FJan 17, 1982
Warmest night
88°FJul 21, 1957
Coldest day
10°FFeb 18, 1979
Wettest day
9.21 inOct 5, 1972
Snowiest day
11.0 inJan 29, 1966
Hottest year
2023mean 60.7°F
Coldest year
1967mean 54.9°F
Wettest year
200368.68 in
Driest year
198814.90 in
Average monthly high and low temperature and precipitation, last 30 years, Charlottesville Albemarle Airport 32°F 46° 28° 3.0 Jan 50° 30° 2.6 Feb 59° 37° 3.1 Mar 70° 46° 3.1 Apr 76° 54° 4.1 May 85° 63° 3.8 Jun 88° 67° 3.8 Jul 86° 65° 3.9 Aug 80° 59° 4.2 Sep 70° 47° 3.2 Oct 59° 37° 3.0 Nov 50° 31° 3.2 Dec Precipitation, inches
Average daily high and low by month, and average monthly precipitation, over the last 30 years.
Days reaching 95°F per year 1976: 6 1977: 12 1978: 0 1979: 2 1980: 13 1981: 2 1982: 0 1983: 8 1984: 0 1985: 1 1986: 11 1987: 16 1988: 18 1989: 2 1990: 6 1991: 12 1992: 8 1993: 10 1994: 3 1995: 8 1996: 4 1997: 17 1998: 20 1999: 13 2000: 0 2001: 1 2002: 11 2003: 0 2004: 0 2005: 6 2006: 7 2007: 3 2008: 5 2009: 0 2010: 30 30 2011: 19 2012: 19 2013: 0 2014: 2 2015: 0 2016: 18 2017: 9 2018: 7 2019: 18 2020: 14 2021: 16 2022: 6 2023: 11 2024: 15 2025: 5 19761986199620062016
Days reaching 95°F each complete year, last 50 years. Thirty-year average: 9.2.

Station Charlottesville Albemarle Airport (USW00093736), 631 ft elevation, 8.0 miles from the population centre. Daily records from 1955 to October 26, 2026; 99.8% of days in the last 30 years are complete. Records at a single station can differ from a city’s official threaded record, which may combine several stations.

NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily.

Federal disaster declarations

26 since 1953. The most recent: Severe Winter Storm, January 23, 2026.

Federal disaster declarations
Jan 23, 2026Winter StormSevere Winter StormEmergencyEM-3631-VA
Oct 1, 2024Tropical StormTropical Storm HeleneMajor disasterDR-4831-VA
Mar 11, 2022Severe StormSevere Winter Storm and SnowstormMajor disasterDR-4644-VA
Apr 2, 2020BiologicalCovid-19 PandemicMajor disasterDR-4512-VA
Mar 13, 2020BiologicalCovid-19EmergencyEM-3448-VA
Sep 11, 2018HurricaneHurricane FlorenceEmergencyEM-3403-VA
Mar 7, 2016SnowstormSevere Winter Storm and SnowstormMajor disasterDR-4262-VA
Nov 26, 2012HurricaneHurricane SandyMajor disasterDR-4092-VA
Oct 29, 2012HurricaneHurricane SandyEmergencyEM-3359-VA
Jul 27, 2012Severe StormSevere Storms and Straight-Line WindsMajor disasterDR-4072-VA
Apr 27, 2010SnowstormSevere Winter Storms and SnowstormsMajor disasterDR-1905-VA
Feb 16, 2010SnowstormSevere Winter Storm and SnowstormMajor disasterDR-1874-VA
Sep 12, 2005HurricaneHurricane Katrina EvacuationEmergencyEM-3240-VA
Sep 18, 2003HurricaneHurricane IsabelMajor disasterDR-1491-VA
Feb 28, 2000Severe StormSevere Winter StormsMajor disasterDR-1318-VA
Sep 6, 1996HurricaneHurricane Fran and Associated Severe Storm CondMajor disasterDR-1135-VA
Jan 27, 1996FloodFlooding, High Winds, and Wind Driven RainMajor disasterDR-1098-VA
Jan 13, 1996SnowstormBlizzard of 96 (Severe Snow Storm)Major disasterDR-1086-VA
Jul 1, 1995Severe StormSevere Storms and FloodingMajor disasterDR-1059-VA
Apr 11, 1994Severe StormSevere Winter Ice StormMajor disasterDR-1021-VA
Mar 25, 1993SnowstormSevere Winter StormEmergencyEM-3112-VA
May 19, 1992FloodSevere Storms & FloodingMajor disasterDR-944-VA
Nov 9, 1985FloodSevere Storms & FloodingMajor disasterDR-755-VA
Jul 23, 1977DroughtDroughtEmergencyEM-3046-VA
Oct 10, 1972FloodSevere Storms & FloodingMajor disasterDR-359-VA
Jun 23, 1972FloodTropical Storm AgnesMajor disasterDR-339-VA

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries, retrieved October 30, 2026. Statewide declarations are not listed.

How this compares

Where Greene County stands among 133 counties in Virginia and 3,143 in the United States.

Ranks
Tornadoes since 1950566 / 1332,612 / 3,143
Tornadoes rated F3/EF3 or stronger22 / 133866 / 3,143
Tropical cyclones within 50 mi1091 / 133782 / 3,143
Hurricane-strength passes within 50 mi176 / 133579 / 3,143
Wildfire acres since 19840——
Flood insurance claims2894 / 1331,921 / 3,143
Flood insurance paid$231,000100 / 1332,080 / 3,143
Disaster declarations267 / 133672 / 3,143
Flood events since 199614517 / 133298 / 3,143
Hail and wind events since 199615573 / 1332,334 / 3,143
Winter storm events since 19962679 / 133207 / 3,143
Reported damage since 1996$10.1 million64 / 1331,937 / 3,143
River crests at major flood stage0——
High tide flooding days a year, last 10 years0.0——
Months in severe drought since 189580115 / 1332,861 / 3,143
Medium or heavy smoke days a year, last 10 years11.545 / 1332,247 / 3,143
Earthquakes M4+ within 50 mi since 190074 / 133503 / 3,143
Earthquakes M2.5+ in the county since 19730——

Neighbouring counties

Neighbouring counties
Albemarle County1112693123
Madison County9104,04419
Orange County1413020
Page County41125,449188
Rockingham County101024,886282

Sources and vintage

Every number on this page comes from these public records.

  • Tornadoes NOAA Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, through 2025.
  • Tropical cyclones NOAA National Hurricane Center HURDAT2 (Atlantic; Northeast and Central Pacific), through 2025.
  • Wildfire USGS/USFS Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity, through 2026.
  • Storm events NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, through 2026.
  • Flood insurance OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026.
  • Declarations OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries v2, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Weather records NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily, station USW00093736.
  • River crests NOAA National Weather Service, National Water Prediction Service river gauges, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Drought NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, through September 2026.
  • Smoke NOAA NESDIS Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Earthquakes USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog (ComCat), retrieved October 30, 2026.

Joins, thresholds and known limits are set out in the methodology. Found an error? Report it. Page built October 30, 2026.