Delaware County
Population 580,937 (2025) 184 sq mi
Property owners in Delaware County have filed 3,034 federal flood insurance claims since 1978, 7th most of 67 counties in Pennsylvania.
Hazard fingerprint Each spoke is this county’s percentile among U.S. counties where that hazard occurs. How it is computed
- Tornado damage paths since 19506
- Tropical cyclone tracks within 100 miles since 1851, wider where stronger42
- Major flood years since 19787
At a glance
The record for Delaware County in eight numbers. Each links to its section below.
Tropical cyclones within 50 mi
17
4th of 67 in Pennsylvania
1 at hurricane strength since 1851
DetailsTornadoes since 1950
6
59th of 67 in Pennsylvania
Fewer than the typical Pennsylvania county, which has had 14
DetailsStrongest tornado
F2
June 29, 1973, 1.9 mile path
Strongest tropical cyclone
Cat. 1
Hurricane (unnamed), 1878, 45.8 miles away
Tornadoes
About one every 13 years since 1950, none rated F3/EF3 or stronger.
Strongest
June 29, 1973
F2, 1.9 mile path
63 yards wide.
Most recent
Thursday, October 31, 2019
EF2, 0.5 mile path
7 years ago.
Every recorded tornado
| Oct 31, 2019 | EF2 | 0.5 | 2 | 0 |
| Aug 22, 2010 | EF0 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 16, 1994 | F1 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 |
| Sep 27, 1993 | F1 | 3.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Jul 15, 1992 | F1 | 0.7 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 29, 1973 | F2 | 1.9 | 0 | 0 |
- Injuries and deaths are for the tornado’s whole path, which may extend beyond the county. Deaths recorded within Delaware County: 0.
- Weak tornadoes were under-recorded before Doppler radar coverage became national in the early 1990s, so earlier decades read low. Ratings use the Fujita scale before February 2007 and the Enhanced Fujita scale after.
Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, 1950 to 2025.
Hurricanes and tropical storms
17 passed within 50 miles since 1851; 1 at hurricane strength.
Strongest within 50 miles
October 23, 1878
Unnamed storm, Category 1
45.8 miles at closest approach, winds near 86 mph.
Most recent
September 2, 2021
Ida, Post-tropical
2.6 miles at closest approach.
Every storm within 100 miles
| Ida | 2021 | 2.6 | Post-tropical |
| Elsa | 2021 | 60.3 | Tropical storm |
| Zeta | 2020 | 83.4 | Post-tropical |
| Isaias | 2020 | 3.8 | Tropical storm |
| Fay | 2020 | 46.0 | Tropical storm |
| Andrea | 2013 | 68.0 | Post-tropical |
| Sandy | 2012 | 5.3 | Post-tropical |
| Irene | 2011 | 50.7 | Tropical storm |
| Hanna | 2008 | 24.4 | Tropical storm |
| Ernesto | 2006 | 58.3 | Post-tropical |
| Charley | 2004 | 84.8 | Post-tropical |
| Floyd | 1999 | 58.3 | Tropical storm |
| Bertha | 1996 | 22.8 | Tropical storm |
| Gloria | 1985 | 74.2 | Category 1 |
| Henri | 1985 | 92.8 | Tropical storm |
| David | 1979 | 96.3 | Tropical storm |
| Belle | 1976 | 88.7 | Category 1 |
| Agnes | 1972 | 97.9 | Post-tropical |
| Doria | 1971 | 35.7 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1968 | 90.9 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1961 | 57.1 | Tropical storm |
| Donna | 1960 | 89.5 | Category 2 |
| Brenda | 1960 | 39.7 | Tropical storm |
| Diane | 1955 | 14.7 | Tropical storm |
| Connie | 1955 | 69.9 | Tropical storm |
| Hazel | 1954 | 87.8 | Post-tropical |
| Able | 1952 | 27.0 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1949 | 77.8 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1944 | 90.3 | Post-tropical |
| Unnamed | 1944 | 98.4 | Category 2 |
| Unnamed | 1944 | 58.8 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1943 | 66.7 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1934 | 95.5 | Category 1 |
| Unnamed | 1934 | 0.8 | Post-tropical |
| Unnamed | 1933 | 78.0 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1929 | 36.8 | Post-tropical |
| Unnamed | 1924 | 38.5 | Post-tropical |
| Unnamed | 1916 | 66.7 | Post-tropical |
| Unnamed | 1915 | 15.0 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1904 | 53.3 | Post-tropical |
| Unnamed | 1903 | 17.9 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1902 | 68.2 | Post-tropical |
| Unnamed | 1900 | 69.3 | Post-tropical |
| Unnamed | 1899 | 18.1 | Post-tropical |
| Unnamed | 1897 | 85.9 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1894 | 72.1 | Category 1 |
| Unnamed | 1893 | 82.4 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1893 | 30.7 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1893 | 70.1 | Category 1 |
| Unnamed | 1888 | 37.2 | Post-tropical |
| Unnamed | 1888 | 55.1 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1882 | 49.7 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1882 | 95.3 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1879 | 93.7 | Category 1 |
| Unnamed | 1878 | 45.8 | Category 1 |
| Unnamed | 1877 | 42.5 | Post-tropical |
| Unnamed | 1874 | 27.7 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1872 | 24.7 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1866 | 53.7 | Post-tropical |
| Unnamed | 1863 | 21.6 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1861 | 37.8 | Tropical storm |
| Unnamed | 1856 | 77.2 | Tropical storm |
- Tropical storms and hurricanes (34 kt or more, still tropical) at closest approach. Post-tropical remnants with gale-force winds are listed but not counted. Direct: track within 50 miles; near: within 100 miles. Distance is measured to the county boundary for counties and to the city centre for cities, using positions interpolated hourly between HURDAT2 fixes.
National Hurricane Center HURDAT2, 1851 to 2025.
Wildfire and smoke
No large wildfire has been mapped here since satellite mapping began in 1984.
Smoke overhead
Smokiest year
2023: 53 days
Heavy smoke on 11 days in 2023, the most of any year.
Last 10 years
13.4 days a year
Medium or heavy smoke, 2016 to 2025.
2025
15 days
Medium or heavy smoke. 25 so far in 2026.
- A smoke day is a date on which a smoke plume traced by NOAA Hazard Mapping System analysts from satellite imagery covered this place's point (the county's population centre or the city centre). Counts here are of medium or heavy smoke. Since 2018 analysts have often drawn light smoke as one area over most of the continent, so light-smoke counts are not comparable from year to year. The plumes show smoke anywhere in the air above, not air quality at the ground, and smoke hidden by cloud is missed.
NOAA Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, 2011 to 2026, retrieved October 30, 2026.
Floods and flood insurance
3,034 federal flood insurance claims since 1978, with $57.2 million paid.
Most claims in one year
1999: 509 claims
$11.7 million paid.
2nd most
2004: 334 claims
$5.6 million paid.
3rd most
2010: 326 claims
$8.8 million paid.
Claims by ZIP code
| 19023 | 553 | $14.9 million |
| 19015 | 497 | $9.6 million |
| 19082 | 361 | $5.0 million |
| 19013 | 191 | $3.4 million |
| 19083 | 156 | $977,000 |
| 19064 | 145 | $3.3 million |
| 19087 | 126 | $674,000 |
| 19029 | 87 | $699,000 |
| 19317 | 74 | $3.6 million |
| 19008 | 66 | $2.4 million |
| 19063 | 65 | $581,000 |
| 19061 | 63 | $2.6 million |
| 19070 | 61 | $875,000 |
| 19026 | 56 | $1.5 million |
| 19018 | 41 | $1.2 million |
| 19050 | 40 | $183,000 |
| 19014 | 38 | $627,000 |
| 19073 | 35 | $407,000 |
| 19010 | 34 | $163,000 |
| 19081 | 31 | $232,000 |
| 19086 | 29 | $282,000 |
| 19342 | 26 | $277,000 |
| 19033 | 26 | $570,000 |
| 19022 | 24 | $230,000 |
| 19094 | 24 | $371,000 |
| 19036 | 22 | $194,000 |
| 19078 | 20 | $120,000 |
| 19079 | 17 | $71,000 |
| 19060 | 13 | $109,000 |
| 19076 | 12 | $30,000 |
| 19003 | 11 | $99,000 |
| 19043 | 11 | $53,000 |
| 19085 | 11 | $331,000 |
| 19373 | 9 | $20,000 |
| 19366 | 8 | $128,000 |
| 19331 | 7 | $53,000 |
| 19319 | 5 | $149,000 |
| 19382 | 5 | $61,000 |
Flood events since 1996
- Flash Flood157
- Flood71
- Heavy Rain45
- Coastal Flood38
1 death recorded in flood events since 1996.
This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).
OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026. NOAA Storm Events through 2026.
River crests
Most severe crest
September 13, 1971
Chester Creek near Chester, 24.60 ft
16.60 feet above the 8.0 ft flood stage; major flooding by today’s categories.
Most recent moderate or major crest
May 23, 2026
Cobbs Creek at Mt. Moriah Cemetery, 15.76 ft
Moderate flooding.
River gauges
| Brandywine Creek at Chadds Ford | 9.0 | 21.04 ft | 17 |
| Chester Creek near Chester | 8.0 | 24.60 ft | 9 |
| Cobbs Creek at Mt. Moriah Cemetery | 11.0 | 18.05 ft | 1 |
| Delaware River at Marcus Hook (IN MLLW) | 7.7 | 10.14 ft | 4 |
- Crests are the highest and the recent crests the National Weather Service lists for each river gauge in the county that has a flood stage, not every flood. Flood categories use each gauge's current flood stages; crests from before levees, dams or channel changes may not be comparable. Crests measured on an old datum are left out of the rankings.
NOAA National Water Prediction Service gauge records, retrieved October 30, 2026.
High tide flooding
Most in one year, Marcus Hook
11 days
May 2023 to April 2024.
Last ten years
5.0 days a year
At Marcus Hook, 2016–26.
Moderate or major
9 days
Since 2003, 0 of them major.
- High tide flooding days are days on which a NOAA tide gauge recorded water at or above NOAA's minor flood threshold, set from the gauge's tide range, counted by meteorological year (May to April). These are the counts in NOAA's annual high tide flooding reports; they are not National Weather Service flood stages. Years with less than 80 percent of data are left out.
NOAA CO-OPS high tide flooding counts, through April 2026, retrieved October 30, 2026.
Drought
In severe drought or worse for 114 of 1,581 months since 1895 (7%); the longest spell lasted 25 months.
114
Months in severe drought or worse since 1895
36
Months in extreme drought
7%
Share of all months, severe or worse
44
Drought reports to the Weather Service since 1996
Lowest reading
February 2002
−5.37, extreme drought
Longest severe spell
25 months
August 1964 to August 1966.
Latest month
September 2026
−1.43, mild drought
Last severe month: July 2026.
- The Palmer Drought Severity Index is computed by NOAA each month from the county's average temperature and precipitation, relative to the county's own climate. Zero is normal; -3 or lower is severe drought and -4 or lower extreme drought. It describes the long-term balance of moisture, not water supply or crop losses.
NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, 1895 to September 2026, issued October 6, 2026.
Earthquakes
4 earthquakes of magnitude 4 or more within 50 miles since 1900; the largest was magnitude 4.6 in 1994.
1
Magnitude 2.5+ inside the county since 1973
14
Magnitude 3+ within 50 miles since 1973
4
Magnitude 4+ within 50 miles since 1900
0
Magnitude 5+ within 50 miles since 1900
Largest within 50 miles
January 15, 1994
Magnitude 4.6
2 km W of Sinking Spring, Pennsylvania; 38.0 miles away, 3.1 miles deep.
Most recent, magnitude 3 or more
November 30, 2017
Magnitude 4.1
3 km NNE of Little Creek, Delaware; 41.8 miles away.
Every earthquake of magnitude 4 or more within 50 miles
| Nov 30, 2017 | 4.1 | 41.8 |
| Jan 15, 1994 | 4.6 | 38.0 |
| Jan 15, 1994 | 4.2 | 36.8 |
| Apr 22, 1984 | 4.2 | 40.2 |
- Earthquakes of magnitude 2.5 or more in the USGS Comprehensive Catalog since 1900. Within 50 miles means the epicentre lies within 50 miles of the county boundary (or inside the county).
- Small earthquakes were under-recorded before the modern seismic networks of the 1970s and are still missed in remote areas, so early decades read low. Magnitudes are as the catalogue reports them and mix scales (moment, local and body-wave).
USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog, 1900 to present, retrieved October 30, 2026.
Severe weather and other events
1,382 events in the National Weather Service record, 1,313 of them since 1996.
32
Hail reports, 1 inch or larger
0
Hail, 2 inches or larger
294
Damaging gusts, 58 mph+
214
Winter weather events since 1996
107
Heat events since 1996
30
Cold events since 1996
Largest hail
July 10, 1992
1.75 inches
Strongest measured or estimated gust
April 4, 2025
105 mph
More event types since 1996
| Storm surge and tide | 17 | 0 |
| Lightning | 39 | 1 |
| Dense fog and smoke | 35 | 0 |
Costliest events since 1996
- Sep 16, 1999Flash Flood$15.0 million
National Weather Service narrative
Hurricane Floyd battered Eastern Pennsylvania (especially Southeast sections around Philadelphia) on September 16th and brought with it torrential and in some places record breaking rains and damaging winds. The hurricane caused widespread flash flooding as storm totals averaged around six inches in the Poconos and Berks County, eight inches in the Lehigh Valley and from eight to twelve inches in the Greater Philadelphia Metropolitan Area. Six people died directly from the hurricane - four drownings and two persons were hit by trees. The hurricane also indirectly contributed to the death of about seven other persons. About 40 persons were seriously injured. There were hundreds of…
- Sep 1, 2021Flash Flood$15.0 million
National Weather Service narrative
Widespread flash flooding occurred in Delaware County with numerous road closures. Many creeks in the county overflowed their banks, including Chester Creek, Ridley Creek, Crum Creek and Cobbs Creek.
- Sep 1, 2021Flash Flood$15.0 million
National Weather Service narrative
Widespread flash flooding occurred in Delaware County with numerous road closures. Many creeks in the county overflowed their banks, including Chester Creek, Ridley Creek, Crum Creek and Cobbs Creek.
- Aug 1, 2004Flash Flood$10.0 million
National Weather Service narrative
Slow moving thunderstorms with torrential downpours caused flash flooding of streams as well as widespread poor drainage flooding in eastern Delaware County. Doppler Radar storm total estimates reached between 5 and 6 inches. Hardest hit were Haverford and Upper Darby Townships as well as Darby Borough. States of emergencies were declared in Darby and Upper Darby. About 660 residents were evacuated from the three municipalities. One hundred forty-two homes, seventy-seven apartments and sixty-nine businesses suffered major damage. In addition, about 400 other homes and 50 other businesses suffered minor damage. Furniture, appliances, household goods and food were all damaged or…
- Sep 18, 2003High Wind, Delaware$5.2 million
National Weather Service narrative
Tropical Storm Isabel produced strong power outage producing winds, moderate tidal flooding along the Delaware River and stream flooding in Chester County. Isabel made landfall as a hurricane near Drum Inlet, North Carolina around 100 p.m. EDT on the 18th and weakened as it tracked farther inland. At one time in its life cycle, it was a powerful Category 5 hurricane when it was north of the Leewood Islands. Winds gusted up to 60 mph in Eastern Pennsylvania and downed countless numbers of trees, tree limbs and power lines. It was the worst outage on record for PECO Energy in southeastern Pennsylvania. About 572,425 of its customers lost power. This exceeded the outages that…
- Oct 1, 2010Flood$5.0 million
National Weather Service narrative
Flooding along the Darby Creek in Darby Borough was described as the heaviest since Hurricane Floyd. Dozens of families were evacuated and sought shelter at the Mercy Fitzgerald Hospital. People were rescued from the second floor windows on Springfield Road. Water was six to seven feet deep at the intersection of Springfield Road and MacDade Boulevard. A few homes in the borough were severely flooded as well as one automobile parts store. Major flooding also occurred along the entire length of Chester Creek from Thornbury Township into Chester City. About sixty homes were damaged in Chester City. Upland and Brookhaven also had flooding along the Creek. There were about 100 county…
- Feb 9, 2010Winter Storm, Delaware$2.5 million
National Weather Service narrative
For the second time within a week a major winter storm affected Eastern Pennsylvania on the 10th and 11th and smashed seasonal snowfall records in the Philadelphia area. Snowfall averaged one to two feet with some locally higher amounts in the Philadelphia northwest suburbs. ||Around the local Philadelphia area, snow began during the early evening on the 9th. As warmer air moved in aloft, the snow changed to sleet and freezing rain between 3 a.m. and 6 a.m. EST on the 10th. Surface temperatures responded slower and the sleet and freezing rain changed over to rain during the morning of the 10th. Some sleet mixed in from time to time. As the low pressure system moved northeast of…
- Jun 23, 2015Thunderstorm Wind$2.5 million
National Weather Service narrative
Chester City was also hard hit by the powerful macroburst associated with the line of severe thunderstorms. About twenty homes and buildings were condemned because of wind damage including fallen trees. Buildings along the Avenue Of The States as well as trees within city parks were particularly hard hit. A tractor-trailer along Interstate 95 was overturned by the severe thunderstorm. the driver was not injured. Wind damage in the city was estimated at 2.5 million dollars.
- Jan 7, 1996Blizzard, Delaware$1.4 million
National Weather Service narrative
The Blizzard of '96, the second coined "STORM OF THE CENTURY" of this decade brought record breaking snow to most of Southeast Pennsylvania and paralyzed the region for several days, caused most municipalities to exceed their annual snow budgets during this one storm, caused several building collapses and caused directly or directly 42 deaths and countless injuries. Six persons died of hypothermia, 4 in Philadelphia, 1 in Delaware County and 1 in Lehigh County. Some were homeless persons, but one woman in Allentown accidentally locked herself out of her home. Twenty-nine persons suffered heart attacks and died while shoveling snow, using snowblowers or trying to walk in the deep…
- Jun 23, 2015Thunderstorm Wind$1.0 million
National Weather Service narrative
An extremely powerful macroburst associated with a severe thunderstorm cut a swath of wind damage across the eastern side of Aston Township to the east of Concord Road. Peak wind gusts were estimated to reach 85 mph. Shingles and siding was ripped from homes as well as numerous homes that were struck by fallen trees. About fifteen homes were condemned in the township. Wind damage from the macroburst continued southeast through Chester City.
- Storm Events records before 1996 cover only tornadoes, thunderstorm wind and hail. Damage figures are as reported by the National Weather Service at the time, not adjusted for inflation.
NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, 1950 to 2026, issued October 26, 2026.
Weather records
From Phila International Airport, 7.3 miles from the county’s population centre, with records from 1940.
- All-time high
- 104°FJul 3, 1966
- All-time low
- −7°F2 times, most recently Jan 22, 1984
- Warmest night
- 83°F2 times, most recently Jul 23, 2011
- Coldest day
- 6°FJan 19, 1994
- Wettest day
- 8.02 inJul 28, 2013
- Snowiest day
- 27.6 inJan 7, 1996
- Hottest year
- 2012mean 58.9°F
- Coldest year
- 1963mean 52.0°F
- Wettest year
- 201164.33 in
- Driest year
- 196529.34 in
- Snowiest season
- 78.7 in2009-10
Median first snow
December 13
Earliest: October 10, 1979
Median last snow
March 14
Latest: April 27, 1967
1 of 85 winters had no measurable snow.
Station Phila International Airport (USW00013739), 7 ft elevation, 7.3 miles from the population centre. Daily records from 1940 to October 26, 2026; 100.0% of days in the last 30 years are complete. Records at a single station can differ from a city’s official threaded record, which may combine several stations.
NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily.
Federal disaster declarations
24 since 1953. The most recent: Remnants of Hurricane Ida, September 10, 2021.
| Sep 10, 2021 | Hurricane | DR-4618-PA |
| Mar 30, 2020 | Biological | DR-4506-PA |
| Mar 13, 2020 | Biological | EM-3441-PA |
| Feb 6, 2014 | Severe Ice Storm | EM-3367-PA |
| Oct 29, 2012 | Hurricane | EM-3356-PA |
| Sep 12, 2011 | Flood | DR-4030-PA |
| Sep 8, 2011 | Flood | EM-3340-PA |
| Sep 3, 2011 | Hurricane | DR-4025-PA |
| Aug 29, 2011 | Hurricane | EM-3339-PA |
| Apr 16, 2010 | Snowstorm | DR-1898-PA |
| Sep 10, 2005 | Hurricane | EM-3235-PA |
| Sep 19, 2004 | Hurricane | DR-1557-PA |
| Sep 19, 2004 | Severe Storm | DR-1555-PA |
| Aug 6, 2004 | Severe Storm | DR-1538-PA |
| Mar 14, 2003 | Severe Storm | EM-3180-PA |
| Sep 18, 1999 | Hurricane | DR-1294-PA |
| Jan 21, 1996 | Flood | DR-1093-PA |
| Jan 13, 1996 | Snowstorm | DR-1085-PA |
| Mar 10, 1994 | Severe Storm | DR-1015-PA |
| Mar 16, 1993 | Snowstorm | EM-3105-PA |
| Jul 17, 1973 | Flood | DR-400-PA |
| Jun 23, 1972 | Flood | DR-340-PA |
| Sep 18, 1971 | Flood | DR-312-PA |
| Aug 18, 1965 | Drought | DR-206-PA |
This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).
OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries, retrieved October 30, 2026. Statewide declarations are not listed.
How this compares
Where Delaware County stands among 67 counties in Pennsylvania and 3,143 in the United States.
| Tornadoes since 1950 | 6 | 59 / 67 |
| Tornadoes rated F3/EF3 or stronger | 0 | — |
| Tropical cyclones within 50 mi | 17 | 4 / 67 |
| Hurricane-strength passes within 50 mi | 1 | 2 / 67 |
| Wildfire acres since 1984 | 0 | — |
| Flood insurance claims | 3,034 | 7 / 67 |
| Flood insurance paid | $57.2 million | 8 / 67 |
| Disaster declarations | 24 | 8 / 67 |
| Flood events since 1996 | 311 | 6 / 67 |
| Hail and wind events since 1996 | 517 | 19 / 67 |
| Winter storm events since 1996 | 214 | 10 / 67 |
| Reported damage since 1996 | $86.0 million | 18 / 67 |
| River crests at major flood stage | 31 | 4 / 67 |
| High tide flooding days a year, last 10 years | 5.0 | 2 / 67 |
| Months in severe drought since 1895 | 114 | 3 / 67 |
| Medium or heavy smoke days a year, last 10 years | 13.4 | 51 / 67 |
| Earthquakes M4+ within 50 mi since 1900 | 4 | 5 / 67 |
| Earthquakes M2.5+ in the county since 1973 | 1 | 5 / 67 |
Neighbouring counties
| Chester County | 31 | 16 |
| Gloucester County NJ | 15 | 23 |
| Montgomery County | 20 | 18 |
| New Castle County DE | 28 | 20 |
| Philadelphia County | 11 | 18 |
Sources and vintage
Every number on this page comes from these public records.
- Tornadoes NOAA Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, through 2025.
- Tropical cyclones NOAA National Hurricane Center HURDAT2 (Atlantic; Northeast and Central Pacific), through 2025.
- Wildfire USGS/USFS Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity, through 2026.
- Storm events NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, through 2026.
- Flood insurance OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026.
- Declarations OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries v2, retrieved October 30, 2026.
- Weather records NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily, station USW00013739.
- River crests NOAA National Weather Service, National Water Prediction Service river gauges, retrieved October 30, 2026.
- Tide gauges NOAA CO-OPS high tide flooding counts, retrieved October 30, 2026.
- Drought NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, through September 2026.
- Smoke NOAA NESDIS Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, retrieved October 30, 2026.
- Earthquakes USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog (ComCat), retrieved October 30, 2026.
Joins, thresholds and known limits are set out in the methodology. Found an error? Report it. Page built October 30, 2026.