Lincoln County
Population 11,982 (2025) 2,311 sq mi
Large wildfires have burned 255,468 acres of Lincoln County since 1984, 10th most of 39 counties in Washington; the largest was the Whitney Fire in 2020.
Hazard fingerprint Each spoke is this county’s percentile among U.S. counties where that hazard occurs. How it is computed
- Tornado damage paths since 195012
- Wildfire burn scars since 198427
At a glance
The record for Lincoln County in eight numbers. Each links to its section below.
Acres burned since 1984
255,468
10th of 39 in Washington
27 large fires; the largest was Whitney, 2020
DetailsStrongest tornado
F3
April 5, 1972, 0.1 mile path
Tornadoes
About one every 6.3 years since 1950, one of them rated F3/EF3 or stronger.
Strongest
April 5, 1972
F3, 0.1 mile path
83 yards wide.
Most recent
Tuesday, March 26, 2024
EF0, 0.0 mile path
2 years ago.
Every recorded tornado
| Mar 26, 2024 | EF0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Jul 10, 2023 | EF0 | 0.9 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 6, 2009 | EF0 | 2.4 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 6, 2009 | EF0 | 1.7 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 6, 2009 | EF0 | 1.2 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 6, 2009 | EF0 | 2.4 | 0 | 0 |
| May 6, 2009 | EF1 | 3.4 | 0 | 0 |
| May 31, 1997 | F1 | 12.0 | 0 | 0 |
| May 1, 1979 | F0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Aug 15, 1978 | F1 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 5, 1972 | F3 | 0.1 | 1 | 0 |
| May 6, 1957 | F0 | 0.7 | 0 | 0 |
- Injuries and deaths are for the tornado’s whole path, which may extend beyond the county. Deaths recorded within Lincoln County: 0.
- Weak tornadoes were under-recorded before Doppler radar coverage became national in the early 1990s, so earlier decades read low. Ratings use the Fujita scale before February 2007 and the Enhanced Fujita scale after.
Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, 1950 to 2025.
Hurricanes and tropical storms
No tropical storm or hurricane has tracked within 100 miles since records began in 1851.
Wildfire and smoke
255,468 acres burned in 27 large fires since 1984, equal to 17% of the land.
Largest
September 7, 2020
Whitney Fire, 127,885 acres
127,930 acres inside Lincoln County.
Most recent
September 4, 2022
Seven Bays Fire
1,269 acres in total.
Every large fire
| Seven Bays | 2022 | 1,269 | 1,269 |
| Whitney | 2020 | 127,930 | 127,885 |
| Angel Springs | 2018 | 4,719 | 4,715 |
| Deife Road | 2017 | 1,372 | 1,374 |
| Hart | 2016 | 2,819 | 2,819 |
| Black Rock Road | 2016 | 8,264 | 17,386 |
| Rocky Ford | 2016 | 2,008 | 2,093 |
| I-90 Sprague | 2015 | 1,771 | 1,772 |
| Eagle Springs | 2015 | 1,788 | 1,789 |
| Watermelon Hill | 2014 | 2,699 | 9,317 |
| Apache Pass | 2012 | 25,101 | 25,091 |
| Road 29 Fire | 2011 | 1,108 | 2,936 |
| Duck Lake | 2010 | 2,256 | 2,254 |
| Swanson Lake | 2008 | 18,940 | 18,932 |
| Highline Rd | 2007 | 1,174 | 1,174 |
| Stehrs Road | 2007 | 1,517 | 1,518 |
| Williams Lake Rd | 2006 | 1,983 | 1,981 |
| Harker Canyon | 2005 | 1,602 | 1,600 |
| Wall Lake | 2005 | 5,372 | 5,367 |
| Mill Canyon | 2004 | 1,165 | 1,163 |
| Hatten Road | 2003 | 7,247 | 7,243 |
| Unnamed | 2002 | 2,098 | 2,096 |
| Tokio | 1998 | 1,473 | 2,254 |
| Lincoln | 1996 | 19,376 | 19,361 |
| Sprague 2 | 1996 | 1,867 | 1,865 |
| Unnamed | 1991 | 6,024 | 6,020 |
| Unnamed | 1991 | 2,511 | 12,393 |
- Large fires mapped by the Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity program since 1984: 1,000 acres or more in the West, 500 or more in the East. Prescribed burns are excluded. Acres here are the part of each perimeter inside this place.
Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity (USGS and U.S. Forest Service), 1984 to 2026.
Smoke overhead
Smokiest year
2021: 48 days
Heavy smoke on 30 days in 2021, the most of any year.
Last 10 years
26.6 days a year
Medium or heavy smoke, 2016 to 2025.
2025
21 days
Medium or heavy smoke. 44 so far in 2026.
- A smoke day is a date on which a smoke plume traced by NOAA Hazard Mapping System analysts from satellite imagery covered this place's point (the county's population centre or the city centre). Counts here are of medium or heavy smoke. Since 2018 analysts have often drawn light smoke as one area over most of the continent, so light-smoke counts are not comparable from year to year. The plumes show smoke anywhere in the air above, not air quality at the ground, and smoke hidden by cloud is missed.
NOAA Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, 2011 to 2026, retrieved October 30, 2026.
Floods and flood insurance
12 federal flood insurance claims since 1997, with $39,000 paid.
Most claims in one year
1997: 6 claims
$33,000 paid.
Claims by ZIP code
| 99032 | 5 | $33,000 |
| 99185 | 5 | $5,816 |
Flood events since 1996
- Flood8
- Flash Flood7
- Heavy Rain3
This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).
OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026. NOAA Storm Events through 2026.
Drought
In severe drought or worse for 241 of 1,581 months since 1895 (15%); the longest spell lasted 36 months.
241
Months in severe drought or worse since 1895
110
Months in extreme drought
15%
Share of all months, severe or worse
Lowest reading
July 1977
−8.08, extreme drought
Longest severe spell
36 months
September 1928 to August 1931.
Latest month
September 2026
−3.41, severe drought
- The Palmer Drought Severity Index is computed by NOAA each month from the county's average temperature and precipitation, relative to the county's own climate. Zero is normal; -3 or lower is severe drought and -4 or lower extreme drought. It describes the long-term balance of moisture, not water supply or crop losses.
NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, 1895 to September 2026, issued October 6, 2026.
Earthquakes, volcanoes, tsunamis and landslides
8 earthquakes of magnitude 4 or more within 50 miles since 1900; the largest was magnitude 4.6 in 2011.
3
Magnitude 2.5+ inside the county since 1973
47
Magnitude 3+ within 50 miles since 1973
8
Magnitude 4+ within 50 miles since 1900
0
Magnitude 5+ within 50 miles since 1900
Largest within 50 miles
November 18, 2011
Magnitude 4.6
8 km WSW of Riverside, Washington; 46.6 miles away, 6.9 miles deep.
Most recent, magnitude 3 or more
November 18, 2019
Magnitude 3.5
19 km NW of Hartline, Washington; 16.1 miles away.
Every earthquake of magnitude 4 or more within 50 miles
| Sep 1, 2015 | 4.2 | 25.2 |
| Nov 18, 2011 | 4.6 | 46.6 |
| Nov 11, 2001 | 4.0 | 21.7 |
| May 9, 1989 | 4.5 | 45.2 |
| Dec 19, 1973 | 4.4 | 32.5 |
| Aug 5, 1959 | 4.4 | 48.4 |
| Apr 12, 1958 | 4.1 | 47.6 |
| Apr 7, 1941 | 4.5 | 38.0 |
- Earthquakes of magnitude 2.5 or more in the USGS Comprehensive Catalog since 1900. Within 50 miles means the epicentre lies within 50 miles of the county boundary (or inside the county).
- Small earthquakes were under-recorded before the modern seismic networks of the 1970s and are still missed in remote areas, so early decades read low. Magnitudes are as the catalogue reports them and mix scales (moment, local and body-wave).
USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog, 1900 to present, retrieved October 30, 2026.
Tsunamis
Highest water recorded
Aug 25, 2009
11.8 ft, Porcupine Bay Campground, WA
From Columbia River Valley, WA.
On record
1 tsunami
Since 2009.
| Aug 25, 2009 | Columbia River Valley, WA | 11.8 | 0 |
- Places where NOAA's Global Historical Tsunami Database records a tsunami's water arriving, with the greatest height it reached above sea level at the time. Only tsunamis NOAA rates probable or definite are counted. Heights from eyewitness accounts and tide gauges are mixed, and older events are less completely recorded.
NOAA NCEI/WDS Global Historical Tsunami Database, retrieved October 30, 2026.
Volcanoes within 100 miles
| Glacier Peak | 99.5 | Very high |
- U.S. volcanoes within 100 miles, from the USGS Volcano Hazards Program. The threat category is the USGS 2018 National Volcanic Threat Assessment, which ranks volcanoes by how hazardous their past eruptions were and how many people and how much infrastructure lie near them. It is not a forecast of eruption.
USGS Volcano Hazards Program, retrieved October 30, 2026.
Mapped landslides
47
Landslides mapped, probable or better
1
With a recorded date
2
Source inventories
Mapped by WA WGS (46), NASA (1).
- Landslides mapped in the USGS compilation of landslide inventories across the United States (version 3.0, 2025), rated probable or better. The compilation joins inventories made by federal and state agencies for different purposes and areas, so the number mapped in a county reflects how closely it has been surveyed as much as how often its slopes fail. An area with few records may simply not have been mapped. Deaths are as recorded in the inventories; a slide listed in two inventories is counted once.
USGS Landslide Inventories across the United States, version 3.0, retrieved October 27, 2026.
Severe weather and other events
631 events in the National Weather Service record, 623 of them since 1996.
6
Hail reports, 1 inch or larger
1
Hail, 2 inches or larger
17
Damaging gusts, 58 mph+
359
Winter weather events since 1996
2
Heat events since 1996
5
Cold events since 1996
Largest hail
July 16, 1955
2.00 inches
Strongest measured or estimated gust
August 26, 2004
69 mph
More event types since 1996
| Lightning | 3 | 0 |
| Dust storms and dust devils | 32 | 0 |
| Dense fog and smoke | 5 | 0 |
| Debris flows | 1 | 0 |
| Avalanches | 1 | 1 |
Costliest events since 1996
- Aug 18, 2023Wildfire, Spokane Area$60.0 million
National Weather Service narrative
The fire started by unknown human causes 3.5 miles northwest of Cheney, WA near Gray Road, west of Medical Lake and quickly spread by wind to the east. It burned 10085 acres and 240 structures. There was one fatality related to the fire.
- Sep 1, 2023Wildfire, Spokane Area$60.0 million
National Weather Service narrative
The fire started by unknown human causes 3.5 miles northwest of Cheney, WA near Gray Road, west of Medical Lake and quickly spread by wind to the east. It continued to be monitored through September 11. It burned 10085 acres and 240 structures. There was one fatality related to the fire.
- Sep 1, 2023Wildfire, Spokane Area$15.0 million
National Weather Service narrative
The fire started by unknown human causes 4 mile Northeast of Elk, WA. It continued to be monitored through September 11. It burned 10817 acres and 30 structures. There was one fatality related to the fire.
- Aug 18, 2023Wildfire, Spokane Area$15.0 million
National Weather Service narrative
The fire started by unknown human causes 4 mile Northeast of Elk, WA. It burned 10817 acres and 30 structures. There was one fatality related to the fire.
- Jul 9, 2025Wildfire, Spokane Area$13.7 million
National Weather Service narrative
The Western Pines Fire was started on July 9 by a suspected human cause. It was located 10 miles north of Davenport Washington. It burned 5781 acres of timber including 21 homes and 30 outbuildings. It was contained on July 21. Cost is estimated.
- Jan 4, 2009Heavy Snow, Spokane Area$10.0 million
National Weather Service narrative
A strong winter storm brought widespread heavy snow accumulations to Eastern Washington. This resulted in additional roof collapses in the Spokane area with about 50 collapses in Spokane county. This resulted in an estimated damage amount of ten million dollars. An estimated 200 Air and National Guard troops were called in to assist with snow removal. Several road closures also resulted from the snow. Numerous reports of five to nine inches of snow fell with higher amounts in the mountains. Along the East Slopes of the North Washington Cascades, snow accumulations ranged from eight inches in Leavenworth to 15 inches at Holden Village. In the Blue Mountains, a spotter five miles…
- Apr 4, 2022High Wind, Upper Columbia Basin$5.3 million
National Weather Service narrative
Mesonet in the Washtucna area recorded a gust of 54 at 1630LST. Several other sites recorded gusts into the upper 40s to low 50s. Power outage in Wilbur affected 52 customers. Winds also broke 1 inch thick tree limbs and blew shingles off roofs in the Spring Canyon area East of Grand Coulee.
- Jun 21, 2026Wildfire, Upper Columbia Basin$4.9 million
National Weather Service narrative
The fire started on the June 21 by an unknown human cause. It burned 3366 acres of shrub and grass including wheat fields. Evacuations impacted around 200 families. An unknown number of outbuildings were destroyed. It was contained on June 26. Damage is estimated.
- Aug 13, 2025Wildfire, Spokane Area$3.9 million
National Weather Service narrative
The Crescent Road Fire started on August 13 by a suspected human cause. It was located 7 miles north of Reardan. It burned 881 acres of timber. It was contained on August 24. One home was lost. Cost is estimated.
- Jun 16, 2026Wildfire, Spokane Area$3.5 million
National Weather Service narrative
Wildfire started on June 16 by human cause near the Camp Senaki area. It burned 213 acres of timber, 14 homes, and 4 outbuildings. Around 12000 people were under evacuation. One fatality was reported. Winds were sustained in the teens with gusts into the 35 to 45 mph range. Relative humidity was in the upper 20 percent. Felt field ASOS recorded a max gust of 43 mph. Damage cost is estimated.
- Storm Events records before 1996 cover only tornadoes, thunderstorm wind and hail. Damage figures are as reported by the National Weather Service at the time, not adjusted for inflation.
NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, 1950 to 2026, issued October 26, 2026.
Weather records
From Davenport, 7.8 miles from the county’s population centre, with records from 1893.
- All-time high
- 107°FJun 30, 2021
- All-time low
- −28°FJan 31, 1996
- Warmest night
- 75°FJun 29, 2015
- Coldest day
- −12°FDec 30, 1968
- Wettest day
- 2.08 inMay 23, 1948
- Snowiest day
- 15.0 inFeb 12, 1923
- Hottest year
- 1958mean 50.1°F
- Coldest year
- 2011mean 42.8°F
- Wettest year
- 194826.06 in
- Driest year
- 19297.30 in
- Snowiest season
- 74.9 in1949-50
Median first snow
November 15
Earliest: September 29, 2019
Median last snow
March 16
Latest: May 7, 2002
0 of 74 winters had no measurable snow.
Station Davenport (USC00452007), 2,425 ft elevation, 7.8 miles from the population centre. Daily records from 1893 to October 16, 2026; 97.5% of days in the last 30 years are complete. Records at a single station can differ from a city’s official threaded record, which may combine several stations.
NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily.
Federal disaster declarations
17 since 1953. The most recent: Wildfires and Straight-Line Winds, February 4, 2021.
| Feb 4, 2021 | Fire | DR-4584-WA |
| Mar 22, 2020 | Biological | DR-4481-WA |
| Mar 13, 2020 | Biological | EM-3427-WA |
| Aug 4, 2018 | Fire | FM-5266-WA |
| Apr 21, 2017 | Flood | DR-4309-WA |
| Jan 15, 2016 | Severe Storm | DR-4249-WA |
| Oct 20, 2015 | Fire | DR-4243-WA |
| Jul 19, 2014 | Fire | FM-5063-WA |
| Mar 2, 2009 | Severe Storm | DR-1825-WA |
| Jan 30, 2009 | Flood | DR-1817-WA |
| Sep 7, 2005 | Coastal Storm | EM-3227-WA |
| Apr 2, 1997 | Flood | DR-1172-WA |
| Jan 17, 1997 | Severe Storm | DR-1159-WA |
| Feb 9, 1996 | Flood | DR-1100-WA |
| Nov 13, 1991 | Fire | DR-922-WA |
| May 21, 1980 | Volcanic Eruption | DR-623-WA |
| Mar 31, 1977 | Drought | EM-3037-WA |
This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).
OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries, retrieved October 30, 2026. Statewide declarations are not listed.
How this compares
Where Lincoln County stands among 39 counties in Washington and 3,143 in the United States.
| Tornadoes since 1950 | 12 | 3 / 39 |
| Tornadoes rated F3/EF3 or stronger | 1 | 1 / 39 |
| Tropical cyclones within 50 mi | 0 | — |
| Hurricane-strength passes within 50 mi | 0 | — |
| Wildfire acres since 1984 | 255,468 | 10 / 39 |
| Flood insurance claims | 12 | 32 / 39 |
| Flood insurance paid | $39,000 | 36 / 39 |
| Disaster declarations | 17 | 29 / 39 |
| Flood events since 1996 | 18 | 19 / 39 |
| Hail and wind events since 1996 | 137 | 5 / 39 |
| Winter storm events since 1996 | 359 | 6 / 39 |
| Reported damage since 1996 | $219 million | 9 / 39 |
| River crests at major flood stage | 0 | — |
| High tide flooding days a year, last 10 years | 0.0 | — |
| Months in severe drought since 1895 | 241 | 2 / 39 |
| Medium or heavy smoke days a year, last 10 years | 26.6 | 5 / 39 |
| Earthquakes M4+ within 50 mi since 1900 | 8 | 28 / 39 |
| Earthquakes M2.5+ in the county since 1973 | 3 | 34 / 39 |
Neighbouring counties
| Adams County | 3 | 0 |
| Ferry County | 1 | 0 |
| Grant County | 6 | 0 |
| Okanogan County | 5 | 0 |
| Spokane County | 16 | 0 |
| Stevens County | 5 | 0 |
| Whitman County | 3 | 0 |
Sources and vintage
Every number on this page comes from these public records.
- Tornadoes NOAA Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, through 2025.
- Tropical cyclones NOAA National Hurricane Center HURDAT2 (Atlantic; Northeast and Central Pacific), through 2025.
- Wildfire USGS/USFS Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity, through 2026.
- Storm events NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, through 2026.
- Flood insurance OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026.
- Declarations OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries v2, retrieved October 30, 2026.
- Weather records NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily, station USC00452007.
- River crests NOAA National Weather Service, National Water Prediction Service river gauges, retrieved October 30, 2026.
- Drought NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, through September 2026.
- Smoke NOAA NESDIS Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, retrieved October 30, 2026.
- Tsunamis NOAA NCEI/WDS Global Historical Tsunami Database.
- Volcanoes USGS Volcano Hazards Program, U.S. volcanoes and 2018 threat assessment.
- Landslides USGS Landslide Inventories across the United States, version 3.0 (2025).
- Earthquakes USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog (ComCat), retrieved October 30, 2026.
Joins, thresholds and known limits are set out in the methodology. Found an error? Report it. Page built October 30, 2026.