Polk County

Population 45,803 (2025) 914 sq mi

Polk County has recorded 35 tornadoes since 1950, 17th most of 72 counties in Wisconsin; the most recent was on June 18, 2024.

Hazard fingerprint for Polk County Tornado: 50th percentile. Tropical: 0th percentile. Wildfire: 0th percentile. Flood: 10th percentile. Hail & wind: 28th percentile. Heat: 53th percentile. Cold: 69th percentile. Winter: 72th percentile. TORTROPFIREFLOODSEVEREHEATCOLDWINTER

Hazard fingerprint Each spoke is this county’s percentile among U.S. counties where that hazard occurs. How it is computed

2026
  • Tornado damage paths since 195035

At a glance

The record for Polk County in eight numbers. Each links to its section below.

Tornadoes since 1950

35

17th of 72 in Wisconsin

40% more than the typical Wisconsin county

Details

Flood insurance claims

15

57th of 72 in Wisconsin

$105,000 paid since 1978

Details

Strongest tornado

EF3

May 16, 2017, 82.5 mile path

Federal disaster declarations

10

Most recent: Covid-19 Pandemic, 2020

Details

Record high

105°F

July 31, 1988

Details

Record low

−43°F

Reached 2 times, most recently February 3, 1996

Details

Snowiest season

90.3in

Winter of 2022-23

Costliest event since 1996

$4.1M

Thunderstorm Wind, September 12, 2005

Details

Tornadoes

About one every 2.2 years since 1950, 3 of them rated F3/EF3 or stronger.

Strongest

May 16, 2017

EF3, 82.5 mile path

1,320 yards wide; 1 killed along the whole path.

Deadliest

May 10, 1953

4 killed, F2

27 injured along the whole path.

Most recent

Tuesday, June 18, 2024

EF1, 5.0 mile path

2 years ago.

Tornadoes by decade Doppler radar era² 1950s: 2 2 1960s: 4 4 1970s: 3 3 1980s: 4 4 1990s: 3 3 2000s: 6 6 2010s: 10 10 2020s: 3 3 1950s1960s1970s1980s1990s2000s2010s2020s
Recorded tornadoes per decade. The 2020s are incomplete.
Tornadoes by month J: 0 F: 0 M: 0 A: 1 M: 7 J: 5 J: 15 15 A: 6 S: 0 O: 1 N: 0 D: 0 JFMAMJJASOND
By month of occurrence, all years.

Every recorded tornado

Tornadoes in Polk County since 1950
Jun 18, 2024EF15.010000
May 9, 2022EF00.75000
Jul 21, 2020EF00.22500
Jul 28, 2019EF04.810000
Jul 19, 2019EF113.960000
Jul 19, 2019EF00.97500
May 16, 2017EF382.51,320251
Jun 17, 2015EF00.12500
May 27, 2012EF00.22500
Jul 19, 2011EF00.92500
Aug 7, 2010EF02.810010
Jul 27, 2010EF13.45000
Jul 27, 2010EF00.820000
Jul 11, 2008EF00.12500
May 25, 2008EF01.25000
May 26, 2007EF01.02000
Jun 11, 2005F02.55000
Aug 14, 2000F00.22000
Jul 8, 2000F00.62000
Jul 9, 1999F00.55000
Jul 9, 1999F00.1000
Aug 27, 1994F10.320000
Apr 26, 1984F10.52700
Aug 3, 1981F00.11000
Aug 3, 1981F00.11000
May 9, 1980F00.15000
Jul 30, 1977F39.120000
Oct 9, 1973F11.05000
Aug 8, 1973F18.215000
Jul 26, 1969F14.75000
Jul 30, 1968F12.010000
Jun 12, 1967F20.55000
Jul 10, 1966F22.01020
May 10, 1953F2105.7100274
Jun 23, 1952F318.210062
  1. Injuries and deaths are for the tornado’s whole path, which may extend beyond the county. Deaths recorded within Polk County: 4.
  2. Weak tornadoes were under-recorded before Doppler radar coverage became national in the early 1990s, so earlier decades read low. Ratings use the Fujita scale before February 2007 and the Enhanced Fujita scale after.

Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, 1950 to 2025.

Hurricanes and tropical storms

No tropical storm or hurricane has tracked within 100 miles since records began in 1851.

Wildfire and smoke

No large wildfire has been mapped here since satellite mapping began in 1984.

Smoke overhead

Smokiest year

2023: 80 days

Heavy smoke on 24 days in 2021, the most of any year.

Last 10 years

30.0 days a year

Medium or heavy smoke, 2016 to 2025.

2025

23 days

Medium or heavy smoke. 43 so far in 2026.

Days with medium or heavy smoke overhead, by year 2011: 4 2012: 22 2013: 16 2014: 16 2015: 26 2016: 5 2017: 16 2018: 24 2019: 16 2020: 21 2021: 52 2022: 19 2023: 80 80 2024: 44 2025: 23 201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022202320242025
Days each year on which a satellite-traced plume of medium or heavy smoke covered the county’s population centre, 2011 to 2025.
  1. A smoke day is a date on which a smoke plume traced by NOAA Hazard Mapping System analysts from satellite imagery covered this place's point (the county's population centre or the city centre). Counts here are of medium or heavy smoke. Since 2018 analysts have often drawn light smoke as one area over most of the continent, so light-smoke counts are not comparable from year to year. The plumes show smoke anywhere in the air above, not air quality at the ground, and smoke hidden by cloud is missed.

NOAA Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, 2011 to 2026, retrieved October 30, 2026.

Floods and flood insurance

15 federal flood insurance claims since 1978, with $105,000 paid.

Federal flood insurance claims by year
Claims per year since 1978. Years with fewer than five claims are not shown.

Claims by ZIP code

Flood insurance claims by ZIP code
548536$20,000

Flood events since 1996

  • Flash Flood7
  • Flood4
  • Heavy Rain2

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026. NOAA Storm Events through 2026.

Drought

In severe drought or worse for 136 of 1,581 months since 1895 (9%); the longest spell lasted 20 months.

136

Months in severe drought or worse since 1895

59

Months in extreme drought

9%

Share of all months, severe or worse

Lowest reading

April 1911

−7.98, extreme drought

Longest severe spell

20 months

July 1936 to February 1938.

Latest month

September 2026

−2.44, moderate drought

Last severe month: August 2023.

Months in severe drought or worse, by year 1895: 0 1896: 0 1897: 0 1898: 0 1899: 0 1900: 1 1901: 0 1902: 0 1903: 0 1904: 0 1905: 0 1906: 0 1907: 0 1908: 0 1909: 0 1910: 7 1911: 6 1912: 0 1913: 0 1914: 0 1915: 0 1916: 0 1917: 0 1918: 0 1919: 0 1920: 0 1921: 0 1922: 0 1923: 2 1924: 7 1925: 0 1926: 0 1927: 0 1928: 0 1929: 0 1930: 2 1931: 5 1932: 5 1933: 10 1934: 8 1935: 0 1936: 6 1937: 12 12 1938: 2 1939: 0 1940: 2 1941: 0 1942: 0 1943: 0 1944: 0 1945: 1 1946: 0 1947: 0 1948: 4 1949: 2 1950: 0 1951: 0 1952: 0 1953: 0 1954: 0 1955: 0 1956: 0 1957: 0 1958: 0 1959: 0 1960: 0 1961: 0 1962: 0 1963: 1 1964: 10 1965: 0 1966: 0 1967: 0 1968: 0 1969: 4 1970: 0 1971: 0 1972: 0 1973: 0 1974: 0 1975: 0 1976: 6 1977: 2 1978: 0 1979: 0 1980: 0 1981: 0 1982: 0 1983: 0 1984: 0 1985: 0 1986: 0 1987: 7 1988: 6 1989: 1 1990: 2 1991: 0 1992: 0 1993: 0 1994: 0 1995: 0 1996: 0 1997: 0 1998: 0 1999: 0 2000: 0 2001: 0 2002: 0 2003: 0 2004: 0 2005: 0 2006: 0 2007: 2 2008: 0 2009: 2 2010: 0 2011: 0 2012: 2 2013: 1 2014: 0 2015: 0 2016: 0 2017: 0 2018: 0 2019: 0 2020: 0 2021: 2 2022: 5 2023: 1 2024: 0 2025: 0 18951905191519251935194519551965197519851995200520152025
Months each year with a Palmer index of −3 or lower, 1895 to 2025. Twelve means the whole year.
  1. The Palmer Drought Severity Index is computed by NOAA each month from the county's average temperature and precipitation, relative to the county's own climate. Zero is normal; -3 or lower is severe drought and -4 or lower extreme drought. It describes the long-term balance of moisture, not water supply or crop losses.

NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, 1895 to September 2026, issued October 6, 2026.

Earthquakes

No earthquake of magnitude 2.5 or more is recorded within 50 miles of the county in the USGS catalogue, which begins in 1900.

Severe weather and other events

520 events in the National Weather Service record, 440 of them since 1996.

64

Hail reports, 1 inch or larger

11

Hail, 2 inches or larger

167

Damaging gusts, 58 mph+

109

Winter weather events since 1996

10

Heat events since 1996

19

Cold events since 1996

Largest hail

August 3, 1981

2.75 inches

Strongest measured or estimated gust

July 27, 2010

96 mph

More event types since 1996

Other Storm Events types since 1996
Dense fog and smoke100Nov 19, 2007

Costliest events since 1996

  1. Sep 12, 2005Thunderstorm Wind$4.1 million
    National Weather Service narrative

    Straight line winds estimated around 85 MPH produced significant damage on the south and east side of Amery. Emergency management reported minor damage to 26 residential and 3 business structures, major damage to 1 residential and 12 business structures, and the destruction of 7 business structures in town. Six hangars at the Amery airport including the airplanes and supplies inside were destroyed. Four other hangars received moderate damage. Debris from the airport was found up to 2 miles away. A nearby feed mill and warehouse at the local farmers co-op was a complete loss. Highway 46 South was closed for several hours due to debris in the roadway. Dozens of trees in the damage…

  2. Jun 11, 2001Thunderstorm Wind$800,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Numerous trees down, some on houses and vehicles, in a wide swath across the county. One tree fell through a trailer in Balsam Lake. Pole barn collapsed on western edge of Balsam Lake. Tree fell through apartment building in Balsam Lake. Building under construction in Centuria was taken down.

  3. Jul 19, 2011Thunderstorm Wind$500,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    A large swath of damage occurred from the northwestern edge of Pipe Lake on 220th Avenue, south and east along Pipe Lake, then southeast to the southeast side of Long Lake. The winds caused damage to boat lifts, boat docks, and buildings near Pipe Lake and around Johnstown Township. At least 100 large trees were downed, with some falling on homes, vehicles, and outbuildings. This wind damage was associated with the rear flank downdraft portion of a tornadic thunderstorm.

  4. May 16, 2017Hail$500,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    There was a swath of very large hail, up to baseball size, that fell from southwest of Amery, northeast to Clayton. Numerous photos from social media provided how large the hail became.

  5. Sep 1, 2002Flash Flood$400,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    More than five inches of rain fell within a few hours, causing Osceola Creek to rise. Approximately 75 feet of the Upper Millpond Dam was breached, and a significantly greater flow of water headed toward State Highway 35. It overtopped the highway and flooded Falls Trailer Park, where 12 mobile homes had to be evacuated. One mobile home was permanently damaged and a cabin was destroyed. Most damage was to roads and other infrastructure.

  6. Jun 11, 2017Thunderstorm Wind$100,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    There were multiple reports of downed trees, power lines and vehicles blown off the road across portions of southern and central Polk County. This includes the towns of Osceola, Amery, Alden, Farmington, St. Croix Falls, Garfield, Clam Falls, Johnstown, Lincoln and Milltown.

  7. Jul 12, 2017Thunderstorm Wind$100,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Numerous trees were blown down east of St. Croix Falls, to Balsam Lake. A home was also blown off its foundation, and a wall from a Menards store was blown down.

  8. Jul 21, 2016Thunderstorm Wind$100,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    Sporadic tree damage occurred across the county. However, the most concentrated area was at Clear Lake County Park, where a local microburst caused considerable damage. Numerous trees were blown down in the park and campground, which is northwest of the town of Clear Lake. The park had to close temporarily due to widespread damage.

  9. Aug 7, 2010Tornado$100,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    A National Weather Service Storm Damage Survey determined that an EF-0 touched down two miles west of Bone Lake, to about one mile south of Bone Lake, Wisconsin. Damage was extensive to hundreds of large trees that included several two foot diameter Pine Trees. Structural damage included shingles blown off a home, car and home windows blown out, and a wooden trailer tossed into a tree.

  10. Jul 27, 2010Tornado$100,000
    National Weather Service narrative

    A tornado traveled east-southeast, just north of the village of Turtle Lake. It touched down in extreme eastern Polk County and moved into Barron County. In Polk County, a large outbuilding was completely destroyed 1.5 miles north-northwest of Turtle Lake, with debris scattered downstream for hundreds of yards. Scattered large trees were snapped or uprooted.

  1. Storm Events records before 1996 cover only tornadoes, thunderstorm wind and hail. Damage figures are as reported by the National Weather Service at the time, not adjusted for inflation.

NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, 1950 to 2026, issued October 26, 2026.

Weather records

From St. Croix Falls, 8 miles from the county’s population centre, with records from 1950.

All-time high
105°FJul 31, 1988
All-time low
−43°F2 times, most recently Feb 3, 1996
Warmest night
78°F2 times, most recently Jul 15, 1988
Coldest day
−15°F2 times, most recently Feb 3, 1996
Wettest day
5.75 inSep 1, 1957
Snowiest day
22.0 inNov 1, 1991
Hottest year
1998mean 49.2°F
Coldest year
1996mean 39.6°F
Wettest year
199146.51 in
Driest year
198718.53 in
Snowiest season
90.3 in2022-23
Average monthly high and low temperature and precipitation, last 30 years, St. Croix Falls 32°F 24° 3° 0.6 Jan 29° 5° 0.8 Feb 42° 19° 1.3 Mar 56° 33° 2.4 Apr 69° 45° 3.5 May 79° 56° 3.4 Jun 83° 60° 3.3 Jul 81° 58° 3.5 Aug 74° 51° 2.8 Sep 60° 38° 2.4 Oct 44° 25° 1.3 Nov 30° 11° 1.0 Dec Precipitation, inches
Average daily high and low by month, and average monthly precipitation, over the last 30 years.
Nights at or below freezing per year 1976: 186 1977: 152 1978: 172 1979: 185 1980: 182 1981: 171 1982: 156 1983: 161 1984: 160 1985: 168 1986: 157 1987: 156 1988: 178 1989: 181 1990: 180 1991: 176 1992: 171 1993: 167 1994: 158 1996: 176 1997: 160 1998: 138 1999: 157 2000: 166 2001: 170 2002: 202 202 2004: 176 2006: 153 2007: 147 2008: 165 2009: 153 2010: 142 2011: 165 2012: 151 2013: 162 2014: 165 2015: 135 2016: 140 2017: 160 2018: 185 2019: 171 2020: 183 2021: 160 2022: 164 2023: 147 2025: 146 19761986199720092019
Nights at or below freezing each complete year, last 50 years. Thirty-year average: 160.7.
Snowfall by winter 1976: 32.2 in 1977: 35.6 in 1978: 53.8 in 1979: 32.3 in 1980: 16.1 in 1981: 59.5 in 1982: 38.4 in 1983: 60.5 in 1984: 55.9 in 1985: 43.8 in 1986: 18.2 in 1987: 41.0 in 1988: 33.4 in 1989: 24.7 in 1990: 28.9 in 1991: 81.3 in 1992: 32.4 in 1993: 40.1 in 1994: 23.3 in 1995: 31.4 in 1996: 46.2 in 1997: 25.4 in 1998: 34.6 in 1999: 32.0 in 2000: 54.7 in 2001: 45.9 in 2002: 27.4 in 2003: 35.2 in 2004: 18.5 in 2006: 29.7 in 2007: 19.6 in 2008: 35.5 in 2009: 28.5 in 2013: 83.4 in 2014: 36.5 in 2015: 24.5 in 2016: 23.5 in 2017: 49.5 in 2018: 48.5 in 2019: 34.5 in 2020: 35.5 in 2021: 33.0 in 2022: 90.3 in 90.3 2023: 21.1 in 2024: 21.5 in 2025: 31.5 in 19761986199620072020
Total snowfall each winter (July to June), last 50 winters.

Median first snow

November 17

Earliest: October 12, 1969

Median last snow

March 25

Latest: April 28, 2002

0 of 70 winters had no measurable snow.

Station St. Croix Falls (USC00477464), 750 ft elevation, 8.0 miles from the population centre. Daily records from 1950 to October 22, 2026; 96.0% of days in the last 30 years are complete. Records at a single station can differ from a city’s official threaded record, which may combine several stations.

NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily.

Federal disaster declarations

10 since 1953. The most recent: Covid-19 Pandemic, April 4, 2020.

Federal disaster declarations
Apr 4, 2020BiologicalCovid-19 PandemicMajor disasterDR-4520-WI
Mar 13, 2020BiologicalCovid-19EmergencyEM-3454-WI
Aug 27, 2019FloodSevere Storms, Tornadoes, Straight-Line Winds, and FloodingMajor disasterDR-4459-WI
Sep 13, 2005HurricaneHurricane Katrina EvacuationEmergencyEM-3249-WI
Sep 10, 2002TornadoSevere Storms, Tornadoes and FloodingMajor disasterDR-1432-WI
May 11, 2001FloodFlooding, Severe Storms and TornadoesMajor disasterDR-1369-WI
Jun 24, 2000Severe StormSevere Storms, Tornadoes, and FloodingMajor disasterDR-1332-WI
Oct 3, 1977Severe StormWinds, Hail & RainEmergencyEM-3048-WI
Jun 17, 1976DroughtDroughtEmergencyEM-3014-WI
Apr 21, 1965TornadoTornadoes, Severe Storms & FloodingMajor disasterDR-192-WI

This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries, retrieved October 30, 2026. Statewide declarations are not listed.

How this compares

Where Polk County stands among 72 counties in Wisconsin and 3,143 in the United States.

Ranks
Tornadoes since 19503517 / 72796 / 3,143
Tornadoes rated F3/EF3 or stronger39 / 72571 / 3,143
Tropical cyclones within 50 mi0——
Hurricane-strength passes within 50 mi0——
Wildfire acres since 19840——
Flood insurance claims1557 / 722,187 / 3,143
Flood insurance paid$105,00058 / 722,346 / 3,143
Disaster declarations1047 / 722,788 / 3,143
Flood events since 19961360 / 722,802 / 3,143
Hail and wind events since 199626036 / 721,482 / 3,143
Winter storm events since 199610936 / 72845 / 3,143
Reported damage since 1996$7.5 million53 / 722,151 / 3,143
River crests at major flood stage0——
High tide flooding days a year, last 10 years0.0——
Months in severe drought since 189513614 / 721,287 / 3,143
Medium or heavy smoke days a year, last 10 years30.08 / 72208 / 3,143
Earthquakes M4+ within 50 mi since 19000——
Earthquakes M2.5+ in the county since 19730——

Neighbouring counties

Neighbouring counties
Barron County430010
Burnett County16077936
Chisago County MN200037
Dunn County23009
St. Croix County340074
Washington County MN2700533

Sources and vintage

Every number on this page comes from these public records.

  • Tornadoes NOAA Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, through 2025.
  • Tropical cyclones NOAA National Hurricane Center HURDAT2 (Atlantic; Northeast and Central Pacific), through 2025.
  • Wildfire USGS/USFS Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity, through 2026.
  • Storm events NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, through 2026.
  • Flood insurance OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims v3, refreshed August 4, 2026.
  • Declarations OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries v2, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Weather records NOAA NCEI Global Historical Climatology Network Daily, station USC00477464.
  • River crests NOAA National Weather Service, National Water Prediction Service river gauges, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Drought NOAA NCEI nClimDiv county Palmer Drought Severity Index, through September 2026.
  • Smoke NOAA NESDIS Hazard Mapping System smoke analysis, retrieved October 30, 2026.
  • Earthquakes USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog (ComCat), retrieved October 30, 2026.

Joins, thresholds and known limits are set out in the methodology. Found an error? Report it. Page built October 30, 2026.