The severe wind outbreak of April 1, 2023
443 wind reportsPennsylvania, Ohio, New York and 12 more states
443 damaging wind reports across 15 states between 1:03 AM and 8:40 PM CDT, 9 of them 65 knots (75 mph) or stronger; the strongest measured gust was 98 mph in Sussex County, DE. 33 hail reports and 22 tornadoes the same day.
Watch the day unfoldSevere wind day · April 1, 2023
How the day unfolded
Every damaging wind report of the day at its logged time, with the day's hail reports and tornadoes, and the counties they reached.
The day in numbers
- Wind reports
- 443
- 60th of 15,807 days with wind reports since 1955
- 75 mph or more
- 9
- 1 of 86 mph (75 knots) or more
- Strongest measured gust
- 98 mph
- 85 knots, Sussex County, DE
- Measured
- 54
- reports with an instrument reading; the rest are estimates from damage
- Killed by wind
- 0
- 1 injured
- Counties reporting
- 157
- in 15 states
Hour by hour
Damaging wind reports in each hour, Central Daylight Time.
The strongest winds
The 100 strongest reports with a speed. Measured gusts come from an instrument; estimated speeds are judged from damage.
| 5:05 PM | Sussex County DE | 98 mph | Measured |
| 12:37 PM | Mercer County PA | 76 mph | Measured |
| 1:21 AM | Richland County OH | 75 mph | Estimated |
| 10:26 AM | Marion County OH | 75 mph | Estimated |
| 10:30 AM | Monroe County MI | 75 mph | Estimated |
| 10:30 AM | Monroe County MI | 75 mph | Estimated |
| 10:34 AM | Crawford County OH | 75 mph | Estimated |
| 12:57 PM | Venango County PA | 75 mph | Estimated |
| 1:45 PM | Fayette County PA | 75 mph | Estimated |
| 5:45 PM | Cecil County MD | 71 mph | Measured |
| 6:10 PM | Mercer County NJ | 71 mph | Measured |
| 1:22 AM | Lorain County OH | 70 mph | Measured |
| 11:56 AM | Geauga County OH | 70 mph | Measured |
| 6:50 PM | St. Mary's County MD | 70 mph | Measured |
| 4:14 AM | Jackson County AL | 70 mph | Estimated |
| 12:36 PM | Venango County PA | 70 mph | Estimated |
| 1:55 PM | Cameron County PA | 70 mph | Estimated |
| 12:37 PM | Allegheny County PA | 69 mph | Measured |
| 2:30 PM | Steuben County NY | 69 mph | Measured |
| 2:42 AM | Erie County PA | 69 mph | Estimated |
| 2:42 AM | Erie County PA | 69 mph | Estimated |
| 2:57 AM | Crawford County PA | 69 mph | Estimated |
| 9:58 AM | Wood County OH | 69 mph | Estimated |
| 10:21 AM | Crawford County OH | 69 mph | Estimated |
| 10:21 AM | Crawford County OH | 69 mph | Estimated |
| 10:46 AM | Erie County OH | 69 mph | Estimated |
| 10:49 AM | Ashland County OH | 69 mph | Estimated |
| 10:54 AM | Ashland County OH | 69 mph | Estimated |
| 11:13 AM | Wayne County OH | 69 mph | Estimated |
| 11:16 AM | Wayne County OH | 69 mph | Estimated |
| 11:25 AM | Portage County OH | 69 mph | Estimated |
| 11:28 AM | Portage County OH | 69 mph | Estimated |
| 11:30 AM | Stark County OH | 69 mph | Estimated |
| 11:34 AM | Stark County OH | 69 mph | Estimated |
| 11:36 AM | Summit County OH | 69 mph | Estimated |
| 11:40 AM | Stark County OH | 69 mph | Estimated |
| 11:42 AM | Portage County OH | 69 mph | Estimated |
| 11:43 AM | Stark County OH | 69 mph | Estimated |
| 11:46 AM | Stark County OH | 69 mph | Estimated |
| 11:48 AM | Portage County OH | 69 mph | Estimated |
| 11:49 AM | Portage County OH | 69 mph | Estimated |
| 11:54 AM | Portage County OH | 69 mph | Estimated |
| 11:56 AM | Portage County OH | 69 mph | Estimated |
| 12:02 PM | Trumbull County OH | 69 mph | Estimated |
| 12:06 PM | Trumbull County OH | 69 mph | Estimated |
| 12:23 PM | Ashtabula County OH | 69 mph | Estimated |
| 12:41 PM | Butler County PA | 69 mph | Estimated |
| 12:49 PM | Venango County PA | 69 mph | Estimated |
| 1:00 PM | Clarion County PA | 69 mph | Estimated |
| 1:01 PM | Armstrong County PA | 69 mph | Estimated |
| 1:07 PM | Indiana County PA | 69 mph | Estimated |
| 1:08 PM | Fayette County PA | 69 mph | Estimated |
| 1:11 PM | Indiana County PA | 69 mph | Estimated |
| 1:11 PM | Jefferson County PA | 69 mph | Estimated |
| 1:13 PM | Indiana County PA | 69 mph | Estimated |
| 1:15 PM | Indiana County PA | 69 mph | Estimated |
| 1:20 PM | Forest County PA | 69 mph | Estimated |
| 1:31 PM | Washington County PA | 69 mph | Estimated |
| 1:32 PM | Washington County PA | 69 mph | Estimated |
| 2:15 PM | Indiana County PA | 69 mph | Estimated |
| 8:21 PM | Allegheny County PA | 69 mph | Estimated |
| 5:49 PM | Montgomery County PA | 68 mph | Measured |
| 10:15 AM | Ottawa County OH | 66 mph | Estimated |
| 3:18 AM | Madison County AL | 64 mph | Measured |
| 1:14 PM | Westmoreland County PA | 64 mph | Measured |
| 1:25 PM | Cattaraugus County NY | 64 mph | Measured |
| 6:06 PM | Burlington County NJ | 64 mph | Measured |
| 2:20 AM | DeKalb County TN | 64 mph | Estimated |
| 2:30 AM | Van Buren County TN | 64 mph | Estimated |
| 2:30 AM | White County TN | 64 mph | Estimated |
| 2:35 AM | White County TN | 64 mph | Estimated |
| 12:20 PM | Mercer County PA | 64 mph | Estimated |
| 12:20 PM | Mercer County PA | 64 mph | Estimated |
| 12:25 PM | Mercer County PA | 64 mph | Estimated |
| 12:43 PM | Clarion County PA | 64 mph | Estimated |
| 12:50 PM | Allegheny County PA | 64 mph | Estimated |
| 2:00 PM | Westmoreland County PA | 64 mph | Estimated |
| 5:35 PM | Cecil County MD | 64 mph | Estimated |
| 5:40 PM | Cecil County MD | 64 mph | Estimated |
| 6:43 PM | Calvert County MD | 64 mph | Estimated |
| 2:09 AM | Cannon County TN | 63 mph | Measured |
| 3:10 PM | Schuyler County NY | 63 mph | Measured |
| 7:07 PM | St. Mary's County MD | 63 mph | Measured |
| 1:30 AM | Ashland County OH | 63 mph | Estimated |
| 10:05 AM | Lucas County OH | 63 mph | Estimated |
| 10:26 AM | Morrow County OH | 63 mph | Estimated |
| 10:29 AM | Morrow County OH | 63 mph | Estimated |
| 10:47 AM | Knox County OH | 63 mph | Estimated |
| 10:49 AM | Knox County OH | 63 mph | Estimated |
| 10:58 AM | Huron County OH | 63 mph | Estimated |
| 11:00 AM | Ashland County OH | 63 mph | Estimated |
| 11:04 AM | Lorain County OH | 63 mph | Estimated |
| 11:09 AM | Lorain County OH | 63 mph | Estimated |
| 11:13 AM | Wayne County OH | 63 mph | Estimated |
| 11:15 AM | Holmes County OH | 63 mph | Estimated |
| 11:19 AM | Medina County OH | 63 mph | Estimated |
| 11:19 AM | Wayne County OH | 63 mph | Estimated |
| 11:22 AM | Lake County OH | 63 mph | Estimated |
| 11:28 AM | Medina County OH | 63 mph | Estimated |
| 11:28 AM | Holmes County OH | 63 mph | Estimated |
By state
| Pennsylvania | 110 | 76 mph |
| Ohio | 103 | 70 mph |
| New York | 71 | 69 mph |
| Georgia | 42 | — |
| New Jersey | 33 | 71 mph |
| Maryland | 20 | 71 mph |
| Tennessee | 14 | 63 mph |
| West Virginia | 12 | 58 mph |
| Kentucky | 9 | — |
| Virginia | 8 | 62 mph |
| Delaware | 8 | 98 mph |
| Alabama | 8 | 64 mph |
| Michigan | 3 | — |
| Mississippi | 1 | — |
| Massachusetts | 1 | — |
Counties with the most wind reports
- Cattaraugus CountyNY · 16 reports
- Floyd CountyGA · 14 reports
- Chautauqua CountyNY · 13 reports
- Allegheny CountyPA · 12 reports
- Burlington CountyNJ · 10 reports
- Summit CountyOH · 10 reports
- Butler CountyPA · 9 reports
- Monmouth CountyNJ · 9 reports
- Allegany CountyNY · 8 reports
- Indiana CountyPA · 8 reports
Hail and tornadoes that day
33 hail reports, 0 of 2 inches or more; 22 tornadoes.
| 5:34 PM | Cecil County MD | 1.75 |
| 7:15 PM | Hanover County VA | 1.75 |
| 5:35 PM | Cecil County MD | 1.50 |
| 5:39 PM | Harford County MD | 1.50 |
| 6:21 PM | Monmouth County NJ | 1.50 |
| 1:08 AM | Maury County TN | 1.00 |
| 5:59 AM | Gordon County GA | 1.00 |
| 2:47 PM | Jackson County MS | 1.00 |
| 5:20 PM | Baltimore County MD | 1.00 |
| 5:40 PM | Chester County PA | 1.00 |
| 5:54 PM | Bucks County PA | 1.00 |
| 5:54 PM | Bucks County PA | 1.00 |
| 6:06 PM | Mercer County NJ | 1.00 |
| 6:10 PM | Mercer County NJ | 1.00 |
| 6:16 PM | Monmouth County NJ | 1.00 |
| 6:33 PM | Ocean County NJ | 1.00 |
| 6:53 PM | St. Mary's County MD | 1.00 |
| 6:55 PM | Kent County DE | 1.00 |
| 6:57 PM | Monmouth County NJ | 1.00 |
| 7:00 PM | Hanover County VA | 1.00 |
| 7:04 PM | Henrico County VA | 1.00 |
| 7:05 PM | Henrico County VA | 1.00 |
| 7:15 PM | Hanover County VA | 1.00 |
| 7:34 PM | Henrico County VA | 1.00 |
| 7:57 PM | Middlesex County VA | 1.00 |
| 8:12 PM | Richmond VA | 1.00 |
| 8:25 PM | Henrico County VA | 1.00 |
| 11:13 AM | Lake County OH | 0.88 |
| 2:44 PM | Indiana County PA | 0.75 |
| 6:26 PM | Burlington County NJ | 0.75 |
| 6:30 PM | Gloucester County NJ | 0.75 |
| 6:50 PM | Ocean County NJ | 0.75 |
| 11:03 AM | Richmond County GA | 0.25 |
- EF2 tornado1:00 AM CDT · 1 killed
- EF2 tornado1:00 AM CDT
- EF1 tornado1:16 AM CDT
- EF1 tornado1:28 AM CDT
- EF0 tornado1:30 AM CDT
- EF2 tornado1:41 AM CDT
- EF1 tornado2:32 AM CDT
- EF3 tornado3:09 AM CDT · 1 killed
- EF1 tornado3:10 AM CDT
- EF0 tornado4:51 AM CDT
- EF0 tornado6:35 AM CDT
- EF0 tornado10:03 AM CDT
- EF3 tornado4:59 PM CDT · 1 killed
- EF1 tornado5:34 PM CDT
- EF1 tornado5:46 PM CDT
- EF1 tornado5:59 PM CDT
- EF1 tornado6:08 PM CDT
- EF1 tornado6:14 PM CDT
- EF2 tornado6:24 PM CDT
- EF2 tornado6:33 PM CDT
- EF1 tornado6:42 PM CDT
- EF2 tornado6:42 PM CDT
2023 · On this date in other years · The biggest severe wind days
- A report is a single damage or measurement report to the National Weather Service. Several reports can describe one gust front, so reports are not storms.
- Reporting has grown with population, spotter networks and the internet, so counts from different decades are not directly comparable.
- Thunderstorm wind reports start at 50 knots (58 mph). SPC began flagging measured against estimated speeds in 2006; earlier reports are shown as estimated.
Storm Prediction Center severe weather database, 1955 to 2025. A day is SPC’s calendar date in Central Standard Time; a severe wind day here has 300 or more damaging wind reports, or 15 or more of 75 knots (86 mph) or more.